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m templatize topical categories for langcode=en using {{C}}; combine templatized topical categories for langcode=en using {{C}}
 
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===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{enPR|kəm-pŭl'shən}}
* {{enPR|kəm-pŭl'shən}}
* {{a|UK}} {{IPA|en|/kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/}}
* {{IPA|en|/kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/|a=UK}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-compulsion.wav|Audio (UK)}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-compulsion.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{a|US}} {{IPA|en|/kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/}}
* {{IPA|en|/kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/|a=US}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
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# An [[irrational]] need or [[irresistible]] urge to [[perform]] some action, often despite negative consequences.
# An [[irrational]] need or [[irresistible]] urge to [[perform]] some action, often despite negative consequences.
⚫
#: {{ux|en|During the basketball game, I had a sudden '''compulsion''' to have a [[smoke]].}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2013-06-07|author=David Simpson
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2013-06-07|author=David Simpson
|volume=188|issue=26|page=36|magazine={{w|The Guardian Weekly}}
|volume=188|issue=26|page=36|magazine=w:The Guardian Weekly
|title=[http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/18/falling-upwards-richard-holmes-review Fantasy of navigation]
|title=[http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/18/falling-upwards-richard-holmes-review Fantasy of navigation]
|passage=It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or '''compulsions''' that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].}}
|passage=It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or '''compulsions''' that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].}}
⚫
#: {{ux|en|During the basketball game, I had a sudden '''compulsion''' to have a [[smoke]].}}
# The use of [[authority]], [[influence]], or other [[power]] to force ([[compel]]) a person or persons to act.
# The use of [[authority]], [[influence]], or other [[power]] to force ([[compel]]) a person or persons to act.
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1941|month=May|title=Jubilee of the City Tube|journal=Railway Magazine|page=223|text=From the opening of the City & South London Railway independent electric locomotives were used under '''compulsion''' of the Board of Trade.}}
#* '''2016''' January 17, "[http://america.aljazeera.com/opinions/2016/1/wealthy-cabals-run-america.html Wealthy cabals run America]," ''Al Jazeera America'' <small>(retrieved 18 January 2016)</small>:
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=January 17 2016|title=Wealthy cabals run America|titleurl=http://america.aljazeera.com/opinions/2016/1/wealthy-cabals-run-america.html|journal=Al Jazeera America|accessdate=18 January 2016
#*: But Treaty translator and Ottawa leader Andrew Blackbird described the Treaty as made “not with the free will of the Indians, but by '''compulsion'''.”
|passage=But Treaty translator and Ottawa leader Andrew Blackbird described the Treaty as made “not with the free will of the Indians, but by '''compulsion'''.”}}
# The [[lawful]] use of [[violence]] (i.e. by the [[administration]]).
# The [[lawful]] use of [[violence]] (i.e. by the [[administration]]).

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|compulsional|compulsionary|noncompulsion|compulsion loop}}


====Related terms====
====Related terms====
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakko}}, {{t|fi|pakkotoiminto}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakko}}, {{t|fi|pakkotoiminto}}
* German: {{t+|de|Zwang|m}}, {{t|de|Zwangneurose|f}} {{qualifier|psychology}}
* German: {{t+|de|Zwang|m}}, {{t|de|Zwangneurose|f}} {{qualifier|psychology}}
⚫
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kényszer}}, {{t+|hu|késztetés}}
{{trans-mid}}
⚫
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kényszer}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|éigeantas|m}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|éigeantas|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|compulsão|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|compulsão|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|constrângere|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|constrângere|f}}
* Russian: ({{l|ru|необъяснимый}}) {{t+|ru|позыв}} ((neobʺjasnímyj) pozýv) {{g|m}}, ({{l|ru|иррациональный|иррациональное}}) {{t+|ru|жела́ние}} ((irracionálʹnoje) želánije) {{g|n}}, {{t+|ru|поры́в|m}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|([[необъясни́мый]]) [[позы́в]]|m}}, {{t|ru|([[иррациональный|иррациона́льное]]) [[жела́ние]]|n}}, {{t+|ru|поры́в|m}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|compulsión|f}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|compulsión|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}
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* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|принуда}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|принуда}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakottaminen}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakottaminen}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|prema}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|prema}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|იძულება|sc=Geor}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|იძულება|sc=Geor}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|כפייה|f|tr=k'fiyá|alt=כְּפִיָּה}}, {{t+|he|אונס|m|tr=ónes|alt=אֹנֶס}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|kényszer}}, {{t+|hu|kényszerítés}}, {{t+|hu|erőszak}}
* Latin: {{t|la|coactus|m}}
* Latin: {{t|la|coactus|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|uruhanga}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|uruhanga}}
* Marathi: {{t|mr|सक्ती|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|compulsão|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|compulsão|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|принужде́ние|n}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|принужде́ние|n}}
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* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|принуда}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|принуда}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakkokeino|alt=pakkokeinot|p}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|pakkokeino|alt=pakkokeinot|p}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|принужде́ние|n}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|принужде́ние|n}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|coacción|f}}, {{t+|es|coerción|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|coacción|f}}, {{t+|es|coerción|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


====Further reading====
===Further reading===
* {{R:Webster 1913}}
* {{R:Webster 1913}}
* {{R:Century 1911}}
* {{R:Century 1911}}
* {{R:Lexico}}


[[Category:en:Directives]]
{{C|en|Directives|Human behaviour}}

----


==French==
==French==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{der|fr|la|compulsiō}}.
From {{der|fr|la|compulsiō|compulsiōnem}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-compulsion.wav}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
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===Further reading===
===Further reading===
* {{R:TLFi}}
* {{R:fr:TLFi}}

{{C|fr|Human behaviour}}

Latest revision as of 09:55, 27 September 2024

See also: compulsión

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Middle French compulsion, from Late Latin compulsiō, from Latin compellere (“to compel, coerce”); see compel.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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compulsion (countable and uncountable, plural compulsions)

  1. An irrational need or irresistible urge to perform some action, often despite negative consequences.
    During the basketball game, I had a sudden compulsion to have a smoke.
    • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:
      It is tempting to speculate about the incentives or compulsions that might explain why anyone would take to the skies in [the] basket [of a balloon]: perhaps out of a desire to escape the gravity of this world or to get a preview of the next; […].
  2. The use of authority, influence, or other power to force (compel) a person or persons to act.
    • 1941 May, “Jubilee of the City Tube”, in Railway Magazine, page 223:
      From the opening of the City & South London Railway independent electric locomotives were used under compulsion of the Board of Trade.
    • 2016 January 17, “Wealthy cabals run America”, in Al Jazeera America, retrieved 18 January 2016:
      But Treaty translator and Ottawa leader Andrew Blackbird described the Treaty as made “not with the free will of the Indians, but by compulsion.”
  3. The lawful use of violence (i.e. by the administration).

Derived terms

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Translations

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Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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From Latin compulsiōnem.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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compulsion f (plural compulsions)

  1. compulsion
[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
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