mal: difference between revisions
→Adverb: Changed the examples Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
m use {{+obj}}; use {{lit}}; {{i}} -> {{q}}; eliminate some POS 'prepositional phrase'; misc label cleanups e.g. 'dative reflexive'; 'somebody' -> 'someone'; misc cleanups (manually assisted) |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|en|/mæl/}} |
* {{IPA|en|/mæl/}} |
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* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mal.wav| |
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-mal.wav|a=Southern England}} |
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* {{rhymes|en|æl|s=1}} |
* {{rhymes|en|æl|s=1}} |
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|malicious |
|malicious |
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|malum |
|malum |
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|malus |
|malus |
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|malfunction}} |
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====See also==== |
====See also==== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh-lite|sq|sqj-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|sq|sqj-pro|sc=Latn|*mala}},<ref>{{R:sq:Orel:1998|page=243 → ''(“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)''}}</ref> from {{der-lite|sq|xil|*mol-on}}. [[Wikipedia|Vladimir Orel]] proposed {{cog-lite|lt|mala|malà|land}} and {{cog-lite|lv|mala||bank, shore}} as cognates. Proto-Albanian {{m|sqj-pro|*mal-}} reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.<ref>{{cite-book |title=Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1891 |publisher=Trübner |page=273}}</ref><ref>{{cite-book |title=Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1892 |publisher=Carl Gerold's Sohn |page=63, 78}}</ref> Preserved in patroynms, ethnonym {{m-lite|sq|malësor||highlander, mountaineer}}, in toponym (historical and ethnographic region) [[Malësia]] (north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo ([[Wikipedia|Malishevë, Gjilan]], [[Wikipedia|Mališevo]], Prizren), in Serbia ([[Wikipedia|Maleševo (Golubac)]], [[Wikipedia|Maleševo (Rekovac)]]) and the name of [[Wikipedia|Maleshevo Mountain]] (North Macedonia and Bulgaria).<ref>{{cite-book |title=Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1) |author=Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta |year=1995 |isbn=97831102034243110203421 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York |page=718 → ''(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)''[https://books.google.ch/books?id=ck1CLzJq9vAC&pg=PA718&dq=mal+albanian+illyrian&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifmsyatdvZAhULvhQKHf1EB5sQ6AEIDDAA#v=onepage&q=mal%20albanian%20illyrian&f=false]}}</ref> Gil'Ferding proposed {{cog-lite|sa|sc=Deva|मरु||tr=marú|wilderness, mountain, rock}} as a cognate. |
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According to [[wikipedia|Michel Morvan]] a common [[pre-Indo-European]] {{der-lite|sq|qfa-sub}} with {{cog-lite|eu|malda||slope}} and {{m-lite|eu|malkor||precipice}}<ref>{{cite-book |title=Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque) |author=Michel Morvan |publisher=Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux |year=1996 |isbn=2867811821}}</ref> (cf. pre-Indo-European [[geonymic]] root *mal (*mel, *mol), {{cog-lite|ta|sc=Taml|மலை||tr=malai|hill, mountain}} and {{cog-lite|ml|sc=Mlym|മല||tr=mala|id}}). |
According to [[wikipedia|Michel Morvan]] a common [[pre-Indo-European]] {{der-lite|sq|qfa-sub}} with {{cog-lite|eu|malda||slope}} and {{m-lite|eu|malkor||precipice}}<ref>{{cite-book |title=Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque) |author=Michel Morvan |publisher=Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux |year=1996 |isbn=2867811821}}</ref> (cf. pre-Indo-European [[geonymic]] root *mal (*mel, *mol), {{cog-lite|ta|sc=Taml|மலை||tr=malai|hill, mountain}} and {{cog-lite|ml|sc=Mlym|മല||tr=mala|id}}). |
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La Piana and Huld suggested {{cog-lite|ang|sc= |
La Piana and Huld suggested {{cog-lite|ang|sc=Latn|molda||forehead}} and {{cog-lite|sa|sc=Deva|मूर्धन्||tr=mūrdhan|head, top, summit}}, both derived from {{cog-lite|ine-pro|sc=Latn|*ml̥Hdʰṓ}}. Also connected to {{cog-lite|grc|sc=Polyt|*μλωθρός|tr=*mlōthrós}}, {{m-lite|grc|sc=Polyt|μέλαθρον||tr=mélathron|ridgepole}}, {{m-lite|grc|sc=Polyt|βλαστάνω||tr=blastánō|to sprout, grow}}. Compare also {{cog-lite|grc|sc=Polyt|βλωθρός||tr=blōthrós|lofty}}, {{cog-lite|ae|sc=Avst|𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋|𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋|tr=ka-mər<sup><small>ə</small></sup>δō|demon's head}}, with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, compare {{m-lite|sq|malë||tongue tip, tree top}}) > ‘mountain’. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|sq| |
* {{IPA|sq|[mal]}} (Standard, [[Tosk]]) |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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# [[mount]] |
# [[mount]] |
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#: {{uxi|sq|'''Mali''' i Korabit|'''Mount''' Korab}} |
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# [[mountain]] |
# [[mountain]] |
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#: {{syn|sq|bjeshkë}} |
#: {{syn|sq|bjeshkë}} |
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# [[forest]] {{lb|sq|Gheg}} |
# [[forest]] {{lb|sq|Gheg}} |
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# large [[amount]] of something |
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#: {{uxi|sq|Kam marrë një '''mal''' me letra.|I've recieved '''a lot''' of papers.}} |
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====Declension==== |
====Declension==== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* |
* {{IPA|ale|/ˈmal/|a=Western}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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Cognate to Daco-{{cog-lite|ro|mal}}. From {{der-lite|rup|sqj-pro|sc= |
Cognate to Daco-{{cog-lite|ro|mal}}. From {{der-lite|rup|sqj-pro|sc=Latn|*mala||mountain}} ({{cog-lite|sq|mal}}). Proto-Albanian {{m|sqj-pro|*mal-}} reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.<ref>{{cite-book |title=Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1) |author=Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta |year=1995 |isbn=97831102034243110203421 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York |page=718 → ''(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)''[https://books.google.ch/books?id=ck1CLzJq9vAC&pg=PA718&dq=mal+albanian+illyrian&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifmsyatdvZAhULvhQKHf1EB5sQ6AEIDDAA#v=onepage&q=mal%20albanian%20illyrian&f=false]}}</ref><ref>{{R:sq:Orel:1998|page=243 → ''(“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)''}}</ref><ref>{{cite-book |title=Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1891 |publisher=Trübner |page=273}}</ref><ref>{{cite-book |title=Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1892 |publisher=Carl Gerold's Sohn |page=63, 78}}</ref> See [[Albanian]] {{m-lite|sq|mal||mountain}} for more. |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|az|[mɑɫ]}} |
* {{IPA|az|[mɑɫ]}} |
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* {{audio|az|LL-Q9292 (aze)-Azerbaijani audiorecordings-mal.wav |
* {{audio|az|LL-Q9292 (aze)-Azerbaijani audiorecordings-mal.wav}} |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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From {{inh-lite|pcc|tai-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|pcc|tai-pro|sc=Latn|*ʰmaːᴬ||to come}}. Cognate with {{cog-lite|th|sc=Thai|มา|tr=maa}}, {{cog-lite|nod|sc=Lana|ᨾᩣ|tr=ma}}, {{cog-lite|lo|sc=Laoo|ມາ|tr=mā}}, {{cog-lite|khb|sc=Talu|ᦙᦱ|tr=maa}}, {{cog-lite|aho|sc=Ahom|𑜉𑜠|tr=ma}}, {{m-lite|aho|sc=Ahom|𑜉𑜡|tr=mā}}, {{m-lite|aho|sc=Ahom|𑜉𑜡𑜠|tr=māa}}, {{cog-lite|za|maz}}. |
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====Verb==== |
====Verb==== |
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===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
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From {{inh-lite|pcc|tai-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|pcc|tai-pro|sc=Latn|*ʰmaːᴬ||dog}}. Cognate with {{cog-lite|th|sc=Thai|หมา}}, {{cog-lite|lo|sc=Laoo|ໝາ|tr=mā}}, {{cog-lite|khb|sc=Talu|ᦖᦱ|tr=ṁaa}}, {{cog-lite|shn|sc=Mymr|မႃ|tr=mǎa}}, {{cog-lite|za|ma}}. |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
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* {{l|ca|a males}} |
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* {{l-lite|ca|mala herba}} |
* {{l-lite|ca|mala herba}} |
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* {{l-lite|ca|malament}} |
* {{l-lite|ca|malament}} |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh-lite|cim|gmh|mal|māl}}, from {{inh-lite|cim|goh|mal|māl}}, from {{inh-lite|cim|gmw-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|cim|gmh|mal|māl}}, from {{inh-lite|cim|goh|mal|māl}}, from {{inh-lite|cim|gmw-pro|sc=Latn|*māl}}, from {{inh-lite|cim|gem-pro|sc=Latn|*mēlą||measurement; time; meal}}. Cognate with {{cog-lite|de|Mal}}, {{m-lite|de|Mahl}}, {{cog-lite|en|meal}}. |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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{{c|cim|Meals}} |
{{c|cim|Meals}} |
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==Crimean Tatar== |
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===Etymology=== |
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⚫ | |||
===Noun=== |
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{{head|crh|noun}} |
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# [[article]], [[product]] |
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# [[cattle]], [[livestocks]] |
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====Declension==== |
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{{crh-decl|a}} |
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===References=== |
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* {{R:crh:Luğatçıq}} |
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==Dalmatian== |
==Dalmatian== |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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* {{rhymes|nl|ɑl|s=1}} |
* {{rhymes|nl|ɑl|s=1}} |
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* {{audio|nl|Nl-mal.ogg |
* {{audio|nl|Nl-mal.ogg}} |
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* {{IPA|nl|/mɑl/}} |
* {{IPA|nl|/mɑl/}} |
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The adjective {{m-lite|nl|mal}} always refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the noun {{m-lite|nl|mallerd}}. For other senses, {{m-lite|nl|dwaas}}, {{m-lite|nl|dom}} and {{m-lite|nl|gek}} are used. |
The adjective {{m-lite|nl|mal}} always refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the noun {{m-lite|nl|mallerd}}. For other senses, {{m-lite|nl|dwaas}}, {{m-lite|nl|dom}} and {{m-lite|nl|gek}} are used. |
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===== |
=====Declension===== |
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{{nl-decl-adj|malle}} |
{{nl-decl-adj|malle}} |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{fr-IPA}} |
* {{fr-IPA}} |
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* {{audio|fr|Fr-mal.ogg |
* {{audio|fr|Fr-mal.ogg}} |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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{{root|fr|ine-pro|*(s)mel-}} |
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From {{inh-lite|fr|fro|mal}}, from {{inh-lite|fr|la|malus}}, possibly derived from {{der-lite|fr|ine-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|fr|fro|mal}}, from {{inh-lite|fr|la|malus}}, possibly derived from {{der-lite|fr|ine-pro|sc=Latn|*(s)mel-|t=bad, wrong}}. Near cognates include {{cog-lite|pt|mal}}, {{cog-lite|it|male}} and {{cog-lite|es|malo}}. |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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{{gl-pr}} |
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⚫ | |||
===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|de|/maːl/ |
* {{IPA|de|/maːl/|aa=standard}} |
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* {{IPA|de|/ma/ |
* {{IPA|de|/ma/|aa=colloquial}} |
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* {{audio|de|De-mal.ogg |
* {{audio|de|De-mal.ogg}} |
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* {{homophones|de|Mahl|Mal|mahl}} |
* {{homophones|de|Mahl|Mal|mahl}} |
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* {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=1}} |
* {{rhymes|de|aːl|s=1}} |
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#: {{ux|de|Wenn du in Köln bist, musst du '''mal''' bei deiner Tante anrufen.|When you’re in Cologne, you must call your aunt '''sometime.'''}} |
#: {{ux|de|Wenn du in Köln bist, musst du '''mal''' bei deiner Tante anrufen.|When you’re in Cologne, you must call your aunt '''sometime.'''}} |
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#: {{ux|de|Ich geh '''mal''' zum Kaffeestand.|I’m off to the coffee stall.|footer=(going to the coffee stall was not discussed at the moment)}} |
#: {{ux|de|Ich geh '''mal''' zum Kaffeestand.|I’m off to the coffee stall.|footer=(going to the coffee stall was not discussed at the moment)}} |
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# {{lb|de|informal}} {{ |
# {{lb|de|informal}} {{n-g|Softening a sentence, thus making a request or command more polite. By extension, indicating a command or request.}} |
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#: {{ux|de|Haben Sie '''mal''' Feuer?|Do you have a lighter ['''please''']?|footer=(can not imply that the asker is offering his lighter)}} |
#: {{ux|de|Haben Sie '''mal''' Feuer?|Do you have a lighter ['''please''']?|footer=(can not imply that the asker is offering his lighter)}} |
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#: {{ux|de|Haste Feuer?|D'ya have fire?|footer=(may imply that the asker is offering his lighter)}} |
#: {{ux|de|Haste Feuer?|D'ya have fire?|footer=(may imply that the asker is offering his lighter)}} |
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# [[bad]]; [[evil]] |
# [[bad]]; [[evil]] |
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====Descendants==== |
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⚫ | |||
===Adverb=== |
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{{head|frm|adv}} |
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# [[evilly]]; [[badly]]; [[poorly]] |
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====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh|kmr|ira-pro|*dmáHnaH}}. |
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⚫ | |||
===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh-lite|ang|gem-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|ang|gem-pro|sc=Latn|*mailą}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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=====Descendants===== |
=====Descendants===== |
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* {{ |
* {{desctree|frm|mal}} |
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⚫ | |||
===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
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=====Descendants===== |
=====Descendants===== |
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* {{ |
* {{desctree|frm|mal}} |
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⚫ | |||
==Old Galician-Portuguese== |
==Old Galician-Portuguese== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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{{pt-IPA}} |
{{pt-IPA}} |
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* {{homophones|pt|mau| |
* {{homophones|pt|mau|qq1=Brazil}} |
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* {{rhymes|pt|al|q1=Portugal|aw|q2=Brazil|s=1}} |
* {{rhymes|pt|al|q1=Portugal|aw|q2=Brazil|s=1}} |
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* {{hyphenation|pt|mal}} |
* {{hyphenation|pt|mal}} |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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Cognate to {{cog-lite|rup|mal}} and {{m-lite|rup|meal}}. From {{der-lite|ro|sqj-pro|sc= |
Cognate to {{cog-lite|rup|mal}} and {{m-lite|rup|meal}}. From {{der-lite|ro|sqj-pro|sc=Latn|*mala||mountain}} (Standard {{cog-lite|sq|mal}}).<ref>{{cite-book |title=Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1) |author=Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta |year=1995 |isbn=9783110203424 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York |page=718 → ''(Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)''[https://books.google.ch/books?id=ck1CLzJq9vAC&pg=PA718&dq=mal+albanian+illyrian&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifmsyatdvZAhULvhQKHf1EB5sQ6AEIDDAA#v=onepage&q=mal%20albanian%20illyrian&f=false]}}</ref><ref>{{R:sq:Orel:1998|page=243 → ''(“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)''}}</ref><ref>{{cite-book |title=Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1891 |publisher=Trübner |page=273}}</ref><ref>{{cite-book |title=Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen |author=Gustav Meyer |year=1892 |publisher=Carl Gerold's Sohn |page=63, 78}}</ref> See [[Albanian]] {{m-lite|sq|mal||mountain}} for more. |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{root|sh|ine-pro|*(s)mel-}}{{dercat|sh|ine-bsl-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}} |
{{root|sh|ine-pro|*(s)mel-}}{{dercat|sh|ine-bsl-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}} |
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From {{inh-lite|sh|sla-pro|sc= |
From {{inh-lite|sh|sla-pro|sc=Latn|*malъ}}, from {{inh-lite|sh|ine-pro|sc=Latn|*moh₁los}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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{{es-pr|+<audio:LL-Q1321 (spa)-AdrianAbdulBaha-mal.wav<a:Colombia>>}} |
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{{es-pr}} |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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Apocopic form of {{m-lite|la|malo}}, from {{inh-lite|es|la|malus}}, possibly derived from {{der-lite|es|ine-pro|sc= |
Apocopic form of {{m-lite|la|malo}}, from {{inh-lite|es|la|malus}}, possibly derived from {{der-lite|es|ine-pro|sc=Latn|*(s)mel-||bad, wrong}}. |
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====Adjective==== |
====Adjective==== |
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=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
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{{col-auto|es|mal del coco|mal de la azotea|mal de ojo|mal viaje|mala pata|malas pulgas|no hay mal que por bien no venga|mal fario|parar en mal}} |
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{{col-auto|es |
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|mal del coco |
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|mal de la azotea |
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|mal de ojo |
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|mal viaje |
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|mala pata |
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|malas pulgas |
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|no hay mal que por bien no venga |
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|mal fario |
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|parar en mal}} |
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=====Related terms===== |
=====Related terms===== |
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=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
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{{col-auto|es|bien que mal|mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos|mal nacido|mal que bien|mal que te pese|mal visto|más vale solo que mal acompañado|menos mal|si mal no me acuerdo}} |
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{{col-auto|es |
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|bien que mal |
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|mal de muchos, consuelo de tontos |
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|mal nacido |
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|mal que bien |
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|mal que te pese |
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|mal visto |
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|más vale solo que mal acompañado |
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|menos mal |
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|si mal no me acuerdo}} |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
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{{col-auto|es|a grandes males, grandes remedios|árbol de la ciencia del bien y del mal|dar más mal que un hijo tonto|de mal a mal|eje del mal|mal de bubas|mal de madre|mal de montaña|mal de la rosa|mal de la tierra|mal de Loanda|mal de orina|mal de piedra |mal de pinto|mal de san Lázaro|mal del puerco|mal francés|mal necesario|mal que|no hay mal que por bien no venga|perro del mal}} |
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{{col-auto|es |
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|a grandes males, grandes remedios |
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|árbol de la ciencia del bien y del mal |
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|dar más mal que un hijo tonto |
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|de mal a mal |
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|eje del mal |
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|mal de bubas |
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|mal de madre |
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|mal de montaña |
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|mal de la rosa |
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|mal de la tierra |
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|mal de Loanda |
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|mal de orina |
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|mal de piedra |
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|mal de pinto |
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|mal de san Lázaro |
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|mal del puerco |
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|mal francés |
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|mal necesario |
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|mal que |
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|no hay mal que por bien no venga |
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|perro del mal |
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}} |
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===Further reading=== |
===Further reading=== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
||
* {{IPA|sv|/mɑːl/}} |
* {{IPA|sv|/mɑːl/}} |
||
* {{audio|sv|Sv-en mal.ogg| |
* {{audio|sv|Sv-en mal.ogg|a=Gotland|text=en mal}} |
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* {{audio|sv|Sv-mal.ogg |
* {{audio|sv|Sv-mal.ogg}} |
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* {{rhymes|sv|ɑːl|s=1}} |
* {{rhymes|sv|ɑːl|s=1}} |
||
===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
||
From {{der-lite|sv|non|mǫlr}}, from {{der-lite|sv|gem-pro|sc= |
From {{der-lite|sv|non|mǫlr}}, from {{der-lite|sv|gem-pro|sc=Latn|*malwan}}, from {{der-lite|sv|ine-pro|sc=Latn|*molH-(y)o-}}. See also {{cog-lite|got|sc=Goth|𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉|tr=malō}} and {{cog-lite|de|Milbe}}. |
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====Noun==== |
====Noun==== |
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# [[moth]] |
# [[moth]] |
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# [[wels catfish]] ( |
# [[wels catfish]] ({{taxfmt|Silurus glanis|species}}) |
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=====Declension===== |
=====Declension===== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|tr|/ˈmɑɫ/}} |
* {{IPA|tr|/ˈmɑɫ/}} |
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* {{audio|tr|LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-mal.wav}} |
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* {{hyphenation|tr|mal}} |
* {{hyphenation|tr|mal}} |
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===Further reading=== |
===Further reading=== |
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* {{R:TDK}} |
* {{R:tr:TDK}} |
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==West Albay Bikol== |
==West Albay Bikol== |
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# [[expensive]] |
# [[expensive]] |
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#: {{ant|fbl|barato}} |
#: {{ant|fbl|barato}} |
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==Woleaian== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA|woe|/ˈmaɾ/}} |
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===Noun=== |
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{{head|woe|noun}} |
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# [[bird]] |
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{{topics|woe|Birds}} |
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==Zou== |
==Zou== |
Revision as of 08:19, 19 July 2024
Translingual
Symbol
mal
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mæl/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -æl
Etymology 1
Borrowed from French mal (“illness”). Doublet of malus.
Noun
mal (plural mals)
- (only in set phrases) illness, affliction.
- a grand mal seizure
Derived terms
- (illness): grand mal, petit mal, mal de mer, mal du Suisse
Related terms
See also
Etymology 2
Noun
mal (plural mals)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Noun
mal (plural mals)
Derived terms
See also
Anagrams
Afrikaans
Etymology
From Dutch mal, from Middle Dutch mal.
Adjective
mal (attributive mal, comparative maller, superlative malste)
Albanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *mala,[1] from Illyrian *mol-on. Vladimir Orel proposed Lithuanian malà (“land”) and Latvian mala (“bank, shore”) as cognates. Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[2][3] Preserved in patroynms, ethnonym malësor (“highlander, mountaineer”), in toponym (historical and ethnographic region) Malësia (north Albania and Montenegro). In Kosovo (Malishevë, Gjilan, Mališevo, Prizren), in Serbia (Maleševo (Golubac), Maleševo (Rekovac)) and the name of Maleshevo Mountain (North Macedonia and Bulgaria).[4] Gil'Ferding proposed Sanskrit मरु (marú, “wilderness, mountain, rock”) as a cognate. According to Michel Morvan a common pre-Indo-European substrate with Basque malda (“slope”) and malkor (“precipice”)[5] (cf. pre-Indo-European geonymic root *mal (*mel, *mol), Tamil மலை (malai, “hill, mountain”) and Malayalam മല (mala, “id”)).
La Piana and Huld suggested Old English molda (“forehead”) and Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, “head, top, summit”), both derived from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ. Also connected to Ancient Greek *μλωθρός (*mlōthrós), μέλαθρον (mélathron, “ridgepole”), βλαστάνω (blastánō, “to sprout, grow”). Compare also Ancient Greek βλωθρός (blōthrós, “lofty”), Avestan 𐬐𐬀-𐬨𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬋 (ka-mərəδō, “demon's head”), with a semantic development from ‘head’ > ‘summit’, compare malë (“tongue tip, tree top”)) > ‘mountain’.
Pronunciation
Noun
mal m (plural male, definite mali, definite plural malet)
- mount
- Mali i Korabit ― Mount Korab
- mountain
- Synonym: bjeshkë
- forest (Gheg)
- large amount of something
- Kam marrë një mal me letra. ― I've recieved a lot of papers.
Declension
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
References
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[1]
- ^ Michel Morvan (1996) Les origines linguistiques du Basque (The linguistic origins of Basque), Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, →ISBN
Aleut
Pronunciation
Verb
mal
- to do
References
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Cognate to Daco-Romanian mal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Albanian mal). Proto-Albanian *mal- reflecting an ancient Balkan toponym.[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.
Noun
mal
Related terms
References
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN Invalid ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[2]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
Azerbaijani
Etymology
From Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).
Pronunciation
Noun
mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar)
- property
- Synonym: əmlak
- goods, ware, commodity, product
- (colloquial) cargo
- cattle, livestock
- cow
- Synonym: inək
- beef (mostly in combination with ət (“meat”))
- mal əti ― beef
- (colloquial, by extension) a dumb, dull person; an idiot
- Nə var mal kimi durmusan orada? ― Don't stand there like an idiot!
- (colloquial, derogatory, by extension) a well-fed, plump woman
Declension
Declension of mal | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | mal |
mallar | ||||||
definite accusative | malı |
malları | ||||||
dative | mala |
mallara | ||||||
locative | malda |
mallarda | ||||||
ablative | maldan |
mallardan | ||||||
definite genitive | malın |
malların |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mal” in Obastan.com.
Bouyei
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“to come”). Cognate with Thai มา (maa), Northern Thai ᨾᩣ (ma), Lao ມາ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱ (maa), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā), 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang maz.
Verb
mal
- to come
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with Thai หมา, Lao ໝາ (mā), Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa), Shan မႃ (mǎa), Zhuang ma.
Noun
mal
Synonyms
Derived terms
Cara
Noun
mal
References
- R. Blench, The Rukul language of Central Nigeria and its affinities (2006) (mentions this word in notes)
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Catalan mal, from Latin malus.
Noun
mal m (plural mals)
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
From Old Catalan mal, from Latin male.
Adverb
mal
Derived terms
Adjective
mal (feminine mala, masculine plural mals, feminine plural males)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “mal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “mal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “mal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Cebuano
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish mal, apocopic form of malo (“evil”).
Pronunciation
Noun
mal
Verb
mal
Cimbrian
Etymology
From Middle High German māl, from Old High German māl, from Proto-West Germanic *māl, from Proto-Germanic *mēlą (“measurement; time; meal”). Cognate with German Mal, Mahl, English meal.
Noun
mal n
Related terms
References
- “mal” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Crimean Tatar
Etymology
From Arabic مال (māl, “property”).
Noun
mal
Declension
References
Dalmatian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Noun
mal
Danish
Verb
mal
- imperative of male
Dutch
Etymology 1
From Old French modle, an old (11th century) borrowing from Latin modulus (“measure”).
Pronunciation
Noun
mal f (plural mallen, diminutive malletje n)
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Middle Dutch mal, of uncertain origin. Cognate with German malle. Possibly related to French mal (“bad”) or Dutch malen (“to grind, crush”) in the sense "broken, twisted."
Adjective
mal (comparative maller, superlative malst)
- foolish, crazy, lacking common sense
Usage notes
The adjective mal always refers to an aspect of a thing or person. It is the adjective form of the noun mallerd. For other senses, dwaas, dom and gek are used.
Declension
Declension of mal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | mal | |||
inflected | malle | |||
comparative | maller | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | mal | maller | het malst het malste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | malle | mallere | malste |
n. sing. | mal | maller | malste | |
plural | malle | mallere | malste | |
definite | malle | mallere | malste | |
partitive | mals | mallers | — |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: mal
Further reading
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “mal1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
Anagrams
French
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old French mal, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”). Near cognates include Portuguese mal, Italian male and Spanish malo.
Noun
mal m (plural maux)
- (as in the phrase: avoir du mal) trouble, difficulty
- Synonyms: problème, emmerde, misère, difficulté
- J’ai du mal à m’imaginer ça. ― I have trouble imagining that.
- pain
- Synonym: douleur
- J’ai mal à la tête. ― I have a headache. (literally, “I have pain at the head.”)
- 1986, “Il était une fois … une maison des musiciens [There Once Was… a House of Musicians]”, in Il était une fois … une petite grenouille [There Once Was… a Little Frog] (fiction), Paris: CLE International:
- Aïe, j’ai mal au bras !
Ouille, j’ai mal aux dents! Et toi, le lit, tu n’as pas mal aux pieds ?
Non, mais j’ai mal à la tête.
Moi, j’ai mal aux oreilles !- Argh, my arms hurt!
Oww, my teeth hurt! How about you, bed, don't your legs hurt?
No, it's my head that hurts.
As for me, my ears hurt!
- Argh, my arms hurt!
- evil
- Le philosophe abordait de grandes questions du bon et du mal. ― The philosopher discussed broad questions of good and evil.
- damage, harm
Derived terms
- aux grands maux les grands remèdes
- avoir du mal
- avoir mal
- combattre le mal par le mal
- de deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre
- dire du mal
- en mal de
- entre deux maux, il faut choisir le moindre
- faire mal
- génie du mal
- le mal est fait
- le remède est pire que le mal
- mal de chien
- mal de débarquement
- mal de gorge
- mal de la route
- mal de l’air
- mal de mer
- mal de tête
- mal des transports
- mal du pays
- mal du pays
- mal du siècle
- mal nécessaire
- mettre à mal
- ne pas faire de mal à une mouche
- petit mal
- plus de peur que de mal
- prendre son mal en patience
- se donner du mal
- soigner le mal par le mal
- un mal pour un bien
Related terms
Descendants
- → English: mal
Etymology 2
From Old French, from Latin male.
Adverb
mal
- badly
- C’est mal fait. ― It's done badly.
Adjective
mal (feminine male, masculine plural maux, feminine plural males)
- (in set phrases and limited constructions) bad
- bon an, mal an ― good year, bad year
- bon gré, mal gré ― willy-nilly (literally, “good will, bad will”)
- Il est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
- C’est mal de [infinitive] ― It’s wrong to [infinitive]
Synonyms
Derived terms
- bien mal acquis ne profite jamais
- bon an mal an
- de mal en pis
- mal à l’aise
- mal à propos
- mal amanché
- mal baisé
- mal barré
- mal dans sa peau
- mal élevé
- mal embouché
- mal en point
- mal léché
- mal luné
- mal portant
- mal-aimé
- mal-être
- malade
- maladie
- maladresse
- maladroit
- malaise
- malaisé
- malentendu
- malfaisant
- malheur
- malséant
- pas mal
- prendre mal
- tant bien que mal
Further reading
- “mal”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Galician
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male.
Adverb
mal
Etymology 2
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin malum.
Noun
mal m (plural males)
Etymology 3
Adjective
mal m sg
Etymology 4
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/3-piantagione%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182.jpg/220px-3-piantagione%2C_Taccuino_Sanitatis%2C_Casanatense_4182.jpg)
Attested since circa 1300 (máále), from Latin manualis (“manual”). Cognate with Portuguese mangual.
Alternative forms
Noun
mal m (plural males)
- flail
- c. 1300, R. Martínez López, editor, General Estoria. Versión gallega del siglo XIV, Oviedo: Archivum, page 271:
- cõmo faz a lyma ao ferro, et a fornaz ao ouro que o purga et esmera et o faz puro et paresçe mellor, et cõmo faz outrosi o máále áá messe que a degrana em çeueyra et parte a palla do graão que e o mellor
- as the file does to iron, and the furnace to gold, that purges and cleans it and makes it pure and looks better; and also as the flail does to the harvest, that threshes it into sustenance and parts the straw and the grain, which is the best part
- 1474, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 67:
- Iten, preçaron hun maal en tres maravedis
- Item, they appraised a flail in three coins
- handle of the flail
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “mal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “maal”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “mal”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “mal”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “mal”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
German
Etymology
From the noun Mal (“time”). Partly shortened from einmal, which is also derived from the noun.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /maːl/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /ma/ (colloquial)
Audio: (file) - Homophones: Mahl, Mal, mahl
- Rhymes: -aːl
Adverb
mal
- times (indicating multiplication of two numbers)
- sechs mal sieben ist zweiundvierzig
- six times seven is forty-two
- (informal) Alternative form of einmal (“sometime, ever, once”), may serve to introduce a new information.
- Wenn du in Köln bist, musst du mal bei deiner Tante anrufen.
- When you’re in Cologne, you must call your aunt sometime.
- Ich geh mal zum Kaffeestand.
- I’m off to the coffee stall.
- (informal) Softening a sentence, thus making a request or command more polite. By extension, indicating a command or request.
- Haben Sie mal Feuer?
- Do you have a lighter [please]?
- Haste Feuer?
- D'ya have fire?
- Du musst mal deine Tante anrufen.
- You have to call your aunt.
Derived terms
Verb
mal
Further reading
- “mal (Adverb)” in Duden online
- “mal (Konjunktion)” in Duden online
- “mal (Partikel)” in Duden online
- “mal” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
From Portuguese mal. Cognate with Kabuverdianu mal.
Adjective
mal
Related terms
Icelandic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From mala (“to purr”).
Noun
mal n (genitive singular mals, no plural)
Declension
Etymology 2
See malur.
Noun
mal
Indonesian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
Etymology 2
From Malay mal, from Arabic مَال (māl).
Noun
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
- treasure
- Synonyms: khazanah, harta benda
- synonym of dana
Etymology 3
From Dutch mal (“mold, cast”), from Old French modle, from Latin modulus (“measure”). Doublet of modulus.
Noun
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
Etymology 4
Noun
mal (first-person possessive malku, second-person possessive malmu, third-person possessive malnya)
- shopping centre, mall.
- Synonyms: plaza, pusat perbelanjaan
Further reading
- “mal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
Etymology
Adjective
mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)
Adverb
mal (comparative plus mal, superlative le plus mal)
Noun
mal (plural males)
Italian
Noun
mal m (apocopated)
Kabuverdianu
Etymology
From Portuguese mal.
Adjective
mal
Related terms
Latvian
Verb
mal
- inflection of malt:
Lombard
Etymology
Akin to Italian male, from Latin malus.
Adjective
mal
Mangas
Pronunciation
Noun
mal
References
- Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.
Middle English
Noun
mal
- Alternative form of male
Adjective
mal
- Alternative form of male
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French mal.
Noun
mal m (plural maulx)
Descendants
Adjective
mal m (feminine singular male or malle, masculine plural maulx, feminine plural males or malles)
Descendants
- French: mal
Adverb
mal
Descendants
- French: mal
Middle Welsh
Noun
mal
Miraya Bikol
Etymology
Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.
Adjective
mal
Norman
Etymology
From Old French mal, from Latin male.
Adverb
mal
Adjective
mal
Northern Kurdish
Etymology
From Proto-Iranian *dmáHnaH.
Noun
mal f
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology 1
Noun
mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural maler, definite plural malene)
- a template
Etymology 2
Verb
mal
- imperative of male
References
- “mal” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
Noun
mal m (definite singular malen, indefinite plural malar, definite plural malane)
- a template
Etymology 2
Verb
mal
- imperative of mala
References
- “mal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *mailą.
Pronunciation
Noun
māl n
Declension
Descendants
Old French
Etymology 1
Adverb
mal
Descendants
Etymology 2
Noun
mal oblique singular, m (oblique plural maus or max or mals, nominative singular maus or max or mals, nominative plural mal)
Descendants
Adjective
mal m (oblique and nominative feminine singular male, comparative peior, superlative peior)
- bad (undesirable; not good)
Descendants
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
From Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).
Pronunciation
Adverb
mal
Descendants
Old Occitan
Etymology
From Latin malus. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French mal.
Adjective
mal
- bad (negative)
- bad (evil)
Descendants
- Occitan: mal
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “malus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 6/1: Mabile–Mephitis, pages 123–128
Phalura
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Noun
mal f (Perso-Arabic spelling مل)
- goats
Inflection
i-decl (Obl): -í
References
- Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[4], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese mal, from Latin male (“badly; wrongly”).
Alternative forms
- mar (eye dialect spelling, representing Caipira Portuguese)
Adverb
mal (comparable, comparative pior)
- badly (in a faulty, dysfunctional or incorrect manner)
- O carro está a funcionar/funcionando bem mal.
- The car is running pretty badly.
- (O) João fala inglês mal.
- John speaks English badly.
- (preceding verbs) hardly; barely
- Ele mal consegue estudar com todo este barulho.
- He can hardly study with all this noise.
- wrong (incorrect)
- A resposta está mal.
- The answer is wrong.
- unfavourably (in an unfavourable manner)
- Penso mal de ti.
- I think unfavourably of you.
- Ele fala mal de ti.
- He speaks unfavourably of you.
- (in compounds) evilly
- mal-assombrado ― haunted (literally, “evilly-shadowed”)
- mal-agourado ― cursed (literally, “evilly-foreboded”)
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Synonyms
Conjunction
mal
- have/had just; have/had barely
- Mal tinha saído quando a encontrei.
- I had barely gone out when I found her.
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Etymology 2
Noun
mal m (plural males)
- (uncountable) evil (malevolent forces or behaviour)
- As forças do mal cercaram o castelo.
- The forces of evil sieged the castle.
- harm
- Ela não fez por mal.
- She meant no harm.
- Não faz mal.
- No problem. (It does not matter.)
- malady (any ailment or disease, especially a lingering one)
- Males como a SIDA e pneumonia são mortais.
- Illnesses such as AIDS and pneumonia are deadly.
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:mal.
Synonyms
- (sickness or syndrome): maladia
Derived terms
Related terms
Adjective
mal
Descendants
Romanian
Etymology
Cognate to Aromanian mal and meal. From Proto-Albanian *mala (“mountain”) (Standard Albanian mal).[1][2][3][4] See Albanian mal (“mountain”) for more.
Noun
mal n (plural maluri)
Declension
References
- ^ Ernst Eichler, Gerold Hilty, Heinrich Löffler, Hugo Steger, Ladislav Zgusta (1995) Namenforschung 1. Teilband (Name Studies Volume 1, Les noms propres Tome 1), Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin - New York, →ISBN, page 718 → (Chapter: 104. Illyrian-Albanian Toponyms)[3]
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 243 → (“Proto-Albanian *mala was borrowed into Rum. mal ('bank')”)
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1891) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache, Trübner, page 273
- ^ Gustav Meyer (1892) Albanesische Studien III. Lautlehre des indogermanischen Bestandteile des Albanesischen, Carl Gerold's Sohn, pages 63, 78
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *malъ, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁los.
Pronunciation
Adjective
mȃl (Cyrillic spelling ма̑л, definite mȃlī, comparative mȁnjī)
Declension
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | mal | mala | malo | |
genitive | mala | male | mala | |
dative | malu | maloj | malu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
mal mala |
malu | malo |
vocative | mal | mala | malo | |
locative | malu | maloj | malu | |
instrumental | malim | malom | malim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | mali | male | mala | |
genitive | malih | malih | malih | |
dative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
accusative | male | male | mala | |
vocative | mali | male | mala | |
locative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
instrumental | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | mali | mala | malo | |
genitive | malog(a) | male | malog(a) | |
dative | malom(u/e) | maloj | malom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
mali malog(a) |
malu | malo |
vocative | mali | mala | malo | |
locative | malom(e/u) | maloj | malom(e/u) | |
instrumental | malim | malom | malim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | mali | male | mala | |
genitive | malih | malih | malih | |
dative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
accusative | male | male | mala | |
vocative | mali | male | mala | |
locative | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) | |
instrumental | malim(a) | malim(a) | malim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | manji | manja | manje | |
genitive | manjeg(a) | manje | manjeg(a) | |
dative | manjem(u) | manjoj | manjem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
manji manjeg(a) |
manju | manje |
vocative | manji | manja | manje | |
locative | manjem(u) | manjoj | manjem(u) | |
instrumental | manjim | manjom | manjim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | manji | manje | manja | |
genitive | manjih | manjih | manjih | |
dative | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | |
accusative | manje | manje | manja | |
vocative | manji | manje | manja | |
locative | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | |
instrumental | manjim(a) | manjim(a) | manjim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | najmanji | najmanja | najmanje | |
genitive | najmanjeg(a) | najmanje | najmanjeg(a) | |
dative | najmanjem(u) | najmanjoj | najmanjem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
najmanji najmanjeg(a) |
najmanju | najmanje |
vocative | najmanji | najmanja | najmanje | |
locative | najmanjem(u) | najmanjoj | najmanjem(u) | |
instrumental | najmanjim | najmanjom | najmanjim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | najmanji | najmanje | najmanja | |
genitive | najmanjih | najmanjih | najmanjih | |
dative | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | |
accusative | najmanje | najmanje | najmanja | |
vocative | najmanji | najmanje | najmanja | |
locative | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | |
instrumental | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) | najmanjim(a) |
Related terms
Further reading
- “mal” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Slovak
Pronunciation
Participle
mal
Spanish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Apocopic form of malo, from Latin malus, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)mel- (“bad, wrong”).
Adjective
mal m (apocopate, standard form malo)
- (before the noun) Apocopic form of malo bad; evil
- amiss, awry, off, wrong
- Me di cuenta de que algo estaba mal.
- I realized something was amiss.
Usage notes
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
Adverb
mal (comparative peor)
- badly, poorly, ill
- No hables mal de los muertos.
- Don't speak ill of the dead.
- Qué mal.
- Too bad. / That's too bad.
- awry, amiss, wrong, wrongly
- Tu plan maestro salió mal bastante rápido
- Your master plan went awry pretty quickly.
- hard (functions as an adverb in Spanish but translates as an adjective in English)
- Estoy pasándolo mal con todo ahora mismo.
- I'm just having a hard time with everything right now.
Derived terms
Noun
mal m (plural males)
- evil, harm; a bad thing or situation
- de mal en peor ― from bad to worse
- disease, illness, ailment
- ... le curaremos, si es que su mal tiene cura...
- ... we shall cure him, if his ailment has a cure...
- (Cervantes, Quijote, ch. 23)
- worse (substantive)
- para bien o para mal ― for better or for worse
Derived terms
- a grandes males, grandes remedios
- árbol de la ciencia del bien y del mal
- dar más mal que un hijo tonto
- de mal a mal
- eje del mal
- mal de bubas
- mal de la rosa
- mal de la tierra
- mal de Loanda
- mal de madre
- mal de montaña
- mal de orina
- mal de piedra
- mal de pinto
- mal de san Lázaro
- mal del puerco
- mal francés
- mal necesario
- mal que
- no hay mal que por bien no venga
- perro del mal
Further reading
- “mal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Old Norse mǫlr, from Proto-Germanic *malwan, from Proto-Indo-European *molH-(y)o-. See also Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍉 (malō) and German Milbe.
Noun
mal c
Declension
Declension of mal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | mal | malen | malar | malarna |
Genitive | mals | malens | malars | malarnas |
See also
References
- mal in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- mal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- mal in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
mal
- inflection of mala:
Anagrams
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish مال (mal), from Arabic مَال (māl, “property”).
Pronunciation
Noun
mal (definite accusative malı, plural mallar or (dated) emval)
- cattle
- goods, property
- asset
- (economy) merchandise
- (law) goods, commodity
- (colloquial, derogatory) (no equivalent expression; likely) an expendable or ignorable stupid and annoying person, douche, prick
- (slang, vulgar) a prostitute
- (slang) heroin
Declension
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | mal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | malı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | mal | mallar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | malı | malları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | mala | mallara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | malda | mallarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | maldan | mallardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | malın | malların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Related terms
Descendants
- → Albanian: mall
Further reading
- “mal”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
West Albay Bikol
Etymology
Borrowed from Malay mahal. Compare Bikol Central mahal and Tagalog mahal.
Adjective
mal
Woleaian
Pronunciation
Noun
mal
Zou
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Thigh.jpg/170px-Thigh.jpg)
Noun
mal
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 45
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