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==English==
==English==
[[File:Music-slur.svg|thumb|musical notation for a '''slur''' ({{senseno|en|music}} and {{senseno|en|notation}})]]
[[File:Music-slur.svg|thumb|musical notation for a '''slur''' ({{senseno|en|music}} and {{senseno|en|notation}})]]

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===Etymology===
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From {{inh|en|enm|sloor||thin or fluid mud}}. Cognate with {{cog|gml|sluren||to trail in mud}}. Also related to dialectal {{cog|no|sløra||to be careless, to scamp, dawdle}}, {{cog|da|sløre||to wobble, be loose}} (especially for wheels); compare {{cog|non|slóðra||to drag oneself along}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/slɜː(ɹ)/}}
* {{IPA|en|/slɜː(ɹ)/}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɜː(ɹ)|s=1}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɜː(ɹ)|s=1}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-slur.wav |Audio (Southern England)}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-slur.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{audio|en|En-us-slur.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{audio|en|En-us-slur.ogg|a=US}}


===Noun===
===Etymology 1===
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From {{inh|en|enm|sloor||thin or fluid mud}}. Cognate with {{cog|gml|sluren||to trail in mud}}. Also related to dialectal {{cog|no|sløra||to be careless, to scamp, dawdle}}, {{cog|da|sløre||to wobble, be loose}} (especially for wheels); compare {{cog|non|slóðra||to drag oneself along}}.

* {{sense|an extremely offensive term}} Influenced by various compounds of sense 1 such as ''racial slur'', ''ethnic slur'', etc.

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}
{{en-noun}}


# A [[mark]], [[stain]], or [[smear]]; {{lb|en|by extension}} a slight occasion of [[reproach]].
# An [[insult#Noun|insult]] or [[slight#Noun|slight]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=10 Dec 89|volume=17|number=22|journal=Gay Community News|page=5|author=Zane Gilstrap|title=Speculations About Why We're Gay|text=It seems that according to their best guess, our mother's {{sic}} drank too much coffee or alcohol, took drugs, or were under stress during the period of our conception. Underlying all this speculation is, of course, the big '''slur''': we're some kind of unnatural or abnormal product, outside of humanity and their religions.}}
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#* {{RQ:Collins Woman in White|passage=The undeserved '''slur''' which he had cast on my management of the household did not, I am happy to say, prevent me from returning good for evil to the best of my ability, by complying with his request as readily and respectfully as ever.}}
## An extremely [[offensive#Adjective|offensive]] and [[socially#Adverb|socially]] [[unacceptable#Adjective|unacceptable]] [[term#Noun|term]] targeted at a group of people (such as an [[ethnicity#Noun|ethnicity]], [[sexual orientation#Noun|sexual orientation]], etc.).
##* {{RQ:NYT|author=Dan Levin|title=A Racial Slur, a Viral Video, and a Reckoning|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621074039/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/26/us/mimi-groves-jimmy-galligan-racial-slurs.html|date=26 December 2020|passage=In interviews, current and former students of color described an environment rife with racial insensitivity, including casual uses of '''slurs'''.}}
##* {{RQ:Guardian|author=Johanna Mellis|title=Now more than ever, cis female athletes must show solidarity with trans athletes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707184642/https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jul/07/cisgender-female-athletes-solidarity-trans-athletes|date=7 July 2023|passage=Elon Musk's recent declaration that the term "[[cis]]" is a '''slur''' indicates just how much transphobia is now central to Twitter.}}
# A mark of [[dishonour#Noun|dishonour]]; a [[blight#Noun|blight]] or [[stain#Noun|stain]].
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#: {{ux|en|a '''slur''' on one's reputation}}
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#* {{RQ:Collins Woman in White|passage=The undeserved '''slur''' which he had cast on my management of the household did not, I am happy to say, prevent me from returning good for evil to the best of my ability, by complying with his request as readily and respectfully as ever.}}
#* {{RQ:Stevenson Memories|chapter=Pastoral|page=99|passage=This was a reproach to John, and a '''slur''' upon the dog; and both were alive to their misfortune.}}
#* {{RQ:Stevenson Memories|chapter=Pastoral|page=99|passage=This was a reproach to John, and a '''slur''' upon the dog; and both were alive to their misfortune.}}
# An [[insinuation]] or [[innuendo]].
# An [[act]] of running one's [[word]]s together; poor [[verbal]] [[articulation]].
# An [[act]] of running one's [[word]]s together; poor [[verbal]] [[articulation]].
#* {{quote-song|en|author={{w|Juice Wrld}}|authorlabel=no|title={{w|Robbery (Juice Wrld song)|Robbery}}|year=2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iI34LYmJ1Fs|text=And now I'm drinking too much, so I'ma talk with a '''slur'''}}
#* {{quote-song|en|author=w:Juice Wrld|authorlabel=no|title={{w|Robbery (Juice Wrld song)|Robbery}}|year=2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iI34LYmJ1Fs|text=And now I'm drinking too much, so I'ma talk with a '''slur'''}}
# Any instance of separate things gradually blending together, such as [[heartbeat]]s in some medical disorders.
# A disparaging [[insult]] or [[slight]], particularly one used to [[denigrate]] a specific group.
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#: {{ux|en|a racial '''slur'''}}
# {{senseid|en|music}} {{lb|en|music}} A set of [[notes]] that are played [[legato]], without separate articulation.
# {{senseid|en|music}} {{lb|en|music}} A set of [[notes]] that are played [[legato]], without separate articulation.
# {{senseid|en|notation}} {{lb|en|music}} The [[symbol]] indicating a [[legato]] [[passage]], written as an [[arc]] over the slurred notes (not to be confused with a [[tie]]).
# {{senseid|en|notation}} {{lb|en|music}} The [[symbol]] indicating a [[legato]] [[passage]], written as an [[arc]] over the slurred notes (not to be confused with a [[tie]]).
#: {{coordinate terms|en|tie|id1=musical notation}}
#: {{coordinate terms|en|tie|id1=musical notation}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A [[trick]] or [[deception]].
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# In [[knit]]ting machines, a device for depressing the [[sinker]]s successively by passing over them.


====Derived terms====
=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|f-slur|r-slur| ethnic slur|r-slurred}}
* [[f-slur]]

=====Related terms=====
* {{l|en|slurry}}


====Translations====
=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|insult or slight}}
{{trans-top|insult or slight}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|оскърбление|n}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|оскърбление|n}}
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|herja}}, {{t+|fi|loukkaus}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|herja}}, {{t+|fi|loukkaus}}
* French: {{t+|fr|insulte|f}}, {{t+|fr|injure|f}}
* French: {{t+|fr|insulte|f}}, {{t+|fr|injure|f}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|gafume|m}}, {{t+|gl|alcume|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Verunglimpfung|f}}, {{t+|de|Beleidigung|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Verunglimpfung|f}}, {{t+|de|Beleidigung|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t|hu|[[sértő]]/[[becsmérlő]] [[megjegyzés]]/[[kifejezés]]}}, {{t+|hu|gyalázkodás}}, {{q|informal}} {{t+|hu|leszólás}}
* Hungarian: {{t|hu|[[sértő]]/[[becsmérlő]] [[megjegyzés]]/[[kifejezés]]}}, {{t+|hu|gyalázkodás}}, {{q|informal}} {{t+|hu|leszólás}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|tarcaisne|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|蔑称|tr=べっしょう, besshō}}, {{t|ja|[[軽蔑]][[語#Japanese|語]]|tr=けいべつご, keibetsu-go}}, {{t|ja|卑罵語|tr=ひばご, hibago}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|蔑称|tr=べっしょう, besshō}}, {{t|ja|[[軽蔑]][[語#Japanese|語]]|tr=けいべつご, keibetsu-go}}, {{t|ja|卑罵語|tr=ひばご, hibago}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tīkai}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tīkai}}
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{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


===Verb===
====Verb====
{{en-verb}}
{{en-verb}}


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# To run together; to [[articulate]] [[poorly]].
# To run together; to [[articulate]] [[poorly]].
#: {{ux|en|to '''slur''' syllables;  He '''slurs''' his speech when he is drunk.}}
#: {{ux|en|to '''slur''' syllables;  He '''slurs''' his speech when he is drunk.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2014-04-21|volume=411|issue=8884|magazine={{w|The Economist}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2014-04-21|volume=411|issue=8884|magazine=w:The Economist
|title=[http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21601233-exploring-link-between-manganese-and-parkinsons-disease-subtle-effects Subtle effects]
|title=[http://www.economist.com/news/science-and-technology/21601233-exploring-link-between-manganese-and-parkinsons-disease-subtle-effects Subtle effects]
|passage=Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, '''slur''' their speech and behave like someone inebriated.}}
|passage=Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, '''slur''' their speech and behave like someone inebriated.}}
# {{lb|en|music}} To play legato or without separate articulation; to connect (notes) smoothly.
# {{lb|en|music}} To play legato or without separate articulation; to connect (notes) smoothly.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1817|author={{w|Thomas Busby}}|title=A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1817|author=w:Thomas Busby|title=A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical
|passage=Notes , the stems of which are joined together by cross lines, as in united quavers , semiquavers , & c . or notes over the heads of which a curve is drawn, to signify that they are to be '''slurred'''}}
|passage=Notes , the stems of which are joined together by cross lines, as in united quavers , semiquavers , & c . or notes over the heads of which a curve is drawn, to signify that they are to be '''slurred'''}}
# To [[soil]]; to [[sully]]; to [[contaminate]]; to [[disgrace]].
# To [[soil]]; to [[sully]]; to [[contaminate]]; to [[disgrace]].
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#* {{RQ:Dryden Juvenal Satires|1|passage=With periods, points, and tropes, he '''slurs''' his crimes.}}
#* {{RQ:Dryden Juvenal Satires|1|passage=With periods, points, and tropes, he '''slurs''' his crimes.}}
# To cheat, as by sliding a die; to trick.
# To cheat, as by sliding a die; to trick.
#* {{RQ:Butler Hudibras|passage=to '''slur''' men of what they fought for}}
#* {{RQ:Butler Hudibras|year=1905|passage=to '''slur''' men of what they fought for}}
# {{lb|en|printing|dated}} To [[blur]] or [[double]], as an [[impression]] from [[type]]; to [[mackle]].
# {{lb|en|printing|dated}} To [[blur]] or [[double]], as an [[impression]] from [[type]]; to [[mackle]].


====Derived terms====
=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|slur over}}
* {{l|en|slur over}}


====Translations====
=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to insult or slight}}
{{trans-top|to insult or slight}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|обиждам}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|обиждам}}
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* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|mrljati}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|mrljati}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}

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===Etymology 2===
{{rfe|en}}

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

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# In [[knit]]ting machines, a device for depressing the [[sinker]]s successively by passing over them. {{rfv-sense|en}}


===Further reading===
===Further reading===

Latest revision as of 23:50, 17 July 2024

English

[edit]
musical notation for a slur (sense 5 and sense 6)

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From Middle English sloor (“thin or fluid mud”). Cognate with Middle Low German sluren (“to trail in mud”). Also related to dialectal Norwegian sløra (“to be careless, to scamp, dawdle”), Danish sløre (“to wobble, be loose”) (especially for wheels); compare Old Norse slóðra (“to drag oneself along”).

  • (an extremely offensive term): Influenced by various compounds of sense 1 such as racial slur, ethnic slur, etc.

Noun

[edit]

slur (plural slurs)

  1. An insult or slight.
    • 1989 December 10, Zane Gilstrap, “Speculations About Why We're Gay”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 22, page 5:
      It seems that according to their best guess, our mother's [sic] drank too much coffee or alcohol, took drugs, or were under stress during the period of our conception. Underlying all this speculation is, of course, the big slur: we're some kind of unnatural or abnormal product, outside of humanity and their religions.
    1. An extremely offensive and socially unacceptable term targeted at a group of people (such as an ethnicity, sexual orientation, etc.).
  2. A mark of dishonour; a blight or stain.
    a slur on one's reputation
    • 1859 November 26 – 1860 August 25, [William] Wilkie Collins, The Woman in White. […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, […], published 1860, →OCLC:
      The undeserved slur which he had cast on my management of the household did not, I am happy to say, prevent me from returning good for evil to the best of my ability, by complying with his request as readily and respectfully as ever.
    • 1887, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Pastoral”, in Memories and Portraits, New York: Charles Scribner, page 99:
      This was a reproach to John, and a slur upon the dog; and both were alive to their misfortune.
  3. An act of running one's words together; poor verbal articulation.
  4. Any instance of separate things gradually blending together, such as heartbeats in some medical disorders.
  6. (music) A set of notes that are played legato, without separate articulation.
  8. (music) The symbol indicating a legato passage, written as an arc over the slurred notes (not to be confused with a tie).
    Coordinate term: tie
Derived terms
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[edit]
Translations
[edit]

Verb

[edit]

slur (third-person singular simple present slurs, present participle slurring, simple past and past participle slurred)

  1. To insult or slight.
  2. To run together; to articulate poorly.
    to slur syllables;  He slurs his speech when he is drunk.
    • 2014 April 21, “Subtle effects”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8884:
      Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.
  3. (music) To play legato or without separate articulation; to connect (notes) smoothly.
    • 1817, Thomas Busby, A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical:
      Notes , the stems of which are joined together by cross lines, as in united quavers , semiquavers , & c . or notes over the heads of which a curve is drawn, to signify that they are to be slurred
  4. To soil; to sully; to contaminate; to disgrace.
    • 1678, R[alph] Cudworth, The True Intellectual System of the Universe: The First Part; wherein All the Reason and Philosophy of Atheism is Confuted; and Its Impossibility Demonstrated, London: […] Richard Royston, […], →OCLC:
      they do not only impudently slur the gospel, according to the history and the letter, in making it no better than a romantical legend […]
  5. To cover over; to disguise; to conceal; to pass over lightly or with little notice.
  6. To cheat, as by sliding a die; to trick.
  7. (printing, dated) To blur or double, as an impression from type; to mackle.
Derived terms
[edit]
Translations
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

[edit]

slur (plural slurs)

  1. In knitting machines, a device for depressing the sinkers successively by passing over them. (Can we verify(+) this sense?)

Further reading

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Anagrams

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