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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh|en|enm|clod}}, a late by-form of {{m|enm|clot}}, from {{inh|en|ang|clot}}, from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*klott|t=mass, ball, clump}}. Compare {{m|en|clot}} and {{m|en|cloud}}; cognate to |
From {{inh|en|enm|clod}}, a late by-form of {{m|enm|clot}}, from {{inh|en|ang|clot}}, from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*klott|t=mass, ball, clump}}. Compare {{m|en|clot}} and {{m|en|cloud}}; cognate to {{m|nl|kloot|t=clod}}. |
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Alternatively, {{m+|enm|clod}} may derive from {{inh|en|ang|*clod}} (found in {{cog|ang|clodhamer|t=a kind of thrush}} and {{m|ang|Clodhangra|pos=a placename}}), from {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*kloddō|t=lump, clod}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*gel-|t=to ball up, become lumpy}}, related to {{cog|fy|klodde|t=clod, lump}}, {{cog|nl|klodde|t=lump, blob}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/klɒd/|a=UK}} |
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* |
* {{IPA|en|/klɑd/|a=GA}} |
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* {{audio|en|En-us-clod.ogg| |
* {{audio|en|En-us-clod.ogg|a=US}} |
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* {{rhymes|en|ɒd |
* {{rhymes|en|ɒd|s1=1}} |
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===Noun=== |
===Noun=== |
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{{en-noun}} |
{{en-noun}} |
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# A [[lump]] of something, especially |
# {{senseid|en|lump of something, especially earth or clay}} A [[lump]] of something, especially [[earth]] or [[clay]]. |
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#* {{RQ:Milton Paradise Lost|10|passage='''clods''' of iron and brass}} |
#* {{RQ:Milton Paradise Lost|book=10|passage='''clods''' of iron and brass|year=1873}} |
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#* '''1600''', {{w|Edward Fairfax}} (translator), originally published in '''1581''' by {{w|Torquato Tasso}}, ''[[w:Jerusalem Delivered]]'' |
#* '''1600''', {{w|Edward Fairfax}} (translator), originally published in '''1581''' by {{w|Torquato Tasso}}, ''[[w:Jerusalem Delivered]]'' |
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#*: '''clods''' of blood |
#*: '''clods''' of blood |
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#* {{RQ:Bacon Sylva Sylvarum|passage=The earth that casteth up from the plough a great '''clod''', is not so good as that which casteth up a smaller '''clod'''.}} |
#* {{RQ:Bacon Sylva Sylvarum|passage=The earth that casteth up from the plough a great '''clod''', is not so good as that which casteth up a smaller '''clod'''.}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1903|author=w:Warwick Deeping|title=s:Uther and Igraine |
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|passage=As for yon '''clod''' of clay, we will bury it later, lest it should pollute so goodly a pool.}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1906|author=w:Mark Twain|title=w:Eve's Diary |
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|passage=One of the '''clods''' took it back of the ear, and it used language. It gave me a thrill, for it was the first time I had ever heard speech, except my own.}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2010|author=w:Clare Vanderpool|title=w:Moon Over Manifest |
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|passage="What a bunch of hooey," I said under my breath, tossing a dirt '''clod''' over my shoulder against the locked-up garden shed.}} |
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# The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf. |
# The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf. |
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#* {{quote-text|en|year=1723|author=w:Jonathan Swift|title=[[s:The Works of the Rev. Jonathan Swift/Volume 7/Pethox the Great|Pethox the Great]] |
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#* {{RQ:Swift Pethox the Great}} |
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|passage=the '''clod''' where once their sultan's horse hath trod}} |
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# A [[stupid]] person; a [[dolt]]. |
# {{senseid|en|stupid person}} A [[stupid]] person; a [[dolt]]. |
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#* {{RQ:Dryden Aureng-zebe|3|passage=The vulgar, a scarce animated clod}} |
#* {{RQ:Dryden Aureng-zebe|3|passage=The vulgar, a scarce animated clod}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1906|author=w:Robert Barr|title=s:The Triumphs of Eugène Valmont |
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|passage='What was its number?'<br>'I don't know, sir.'<br>'You '''clod'''! Why didn't you call one of our men, whoever was nearest, and leave him to shadow the American while you followed the cab?'}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=February 14 1986|author=w:Bill Watterson|journal=w:Calvin and Hobbes |
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|passage=So here's a valentine for you, you insensitive '''clod'''!!}} |
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#* '''1998''', ''[[w:Chickenpox (South Park)|Chickenpox]]'' (episode of ''{{w|South Park}}'' TV series) |
#* '''1998''', ''[[w:Chickenpox (South Park)|Chickenpox]]'' (episode of ''{{w|South Park}}'' TV series) |
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#*: Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and '''clods'''. |
#*: Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and '''clods'''. |
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#* '''2015''', "Jail Break" (episode of ''Steven Universe'' TV series) |
#* '''2015''', "Jail Break" (episode of ''{{w|Steven Universe}}'' TV series) |
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#*: Peridot: Don't touch that! You '''clods''' don't know what you're doing! |
#*: Peridot: Don't touch that! You '''clods''' don't know what you're doing! |
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# Part of a [[shoulder]] of [[beef]], or of the [[neck]] piece near the shoulder. |
# {{senseid|en|cut of beef at shoulder or neck}} Part of a [[shoulder]] of [[beef]], or of the [[neck]] piece near the shoulder. |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{col-auto|en|clodcrusher|cloddish|clodhopper|clodlet|clodpate|clodpated|clodpole|cloddy|clodhopping}} |
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* {{l|en|cloddy}} |
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====Translations==== |
====Translations==== |
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* Greek: |
* Greek: |
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*: Ancient: {{t|grc|βῶλος|f}}, {{t|grc|βῶλαξ|f}} |
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|βῶλος|f}}, {{t|grc|βῶλαξ|f}} |
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* Hebrew: {{t+|he|רֶגֶב|m}} |
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* Ingrian: {{t|izh|koma}} |
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* Latin: {{t|la|glaeba|f}} |
* Latin: {{t|la|glaeba|f}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{trans-mid}} |
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⚫ | |||
* Middle English: {{t|enm|clod}}, {{t|enm|clot}} |
* Middle English: {{t|enm|clod}}, {{t|enm|clot}} |
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* Persian: {{t+|fa|کلوخ|tr=kolux |
* Persian: {{t+|fa|کلوخ|tr=kolux}} |
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* Polish: {{t+|pl|grudka|f}} |
* Polish: {{t+|pl|grudka|f}} |
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* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|torrão|m}} |
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|torrão|m}} |
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{{trans-top|ground, a spot of earth or turf}} |
{{trans-top|ground, a spot of earth or turf}} |
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* Finnish: {{t+|fi|maa}}, {{t+|fi|tanner}} |
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|maa}}, {{t+|fi|tanner}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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{{trans-bottom}} |
{{trans-bottom}} |
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* German: {{t+|de|Trottel|m}} |
* German: {{t+|de|Trottel|m}} |
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* Hebrew: {{t+|he|טמבל|m|tr=t'embel}} |
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|טמבל|m|tr=t'embel}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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* Irish: {{t|ga|daba|m}} |
* Irish: {{t|ga|daba|m}} |
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* Italian: {{t+|it|tonta}}, {{t+|it|tonto}} |
* Italian: {{t+|it|tonta}}, {{t+|it|tonto}} |
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{{trans-top|part of a shoulder or neck of beef}} |
{{trans-top|part of a shoulder or neck of beef}} |
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* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|cachaço|m}} |
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{{trans-mid}} |
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{{trans-bottom}} |
{{trans-bottom}} |
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# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[pelt]] with clods. |
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[pelt]] with clods. |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1906|author=w:Mark Twain|title=w:Eve's Diary |
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|passage="When I went there yesterday evening in the gloaming it had crept down and was trying to catch the little speckled fishes that play in the pool, and I had to '''clod''' it to make it go up the tree again and let them alone."}} |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1959|author=Louis L'Amour|title=The First Fast Draw |
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|passage=when I came out and started to hoist it to the mule's back they rushed at me and jerked my suspenders down and then they '''clodded''' me with chunks of dirt}} |
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# {{lb|en|transitive|Scotland}} To [[throw]] [[violent]]ly; to [[hurl]]. |
# {{lb|en|transitive|Scotland}} To [[throw]] [[violent]]ly; to [[hurl]]. |
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#* {{RQ:Scott Guy Mannering|passage="So, sir, she grippit him, and '''clodded''' him like a stane from the sling ower the craigs of Warroch-head"}} |
#* {{RQ:Scott Guy Mannering|passage="So, sir, she grippit him, and '''clodded''' him like a stane from the sling ower the craigs of Warroch-head"}} |
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# To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot. |
# To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot. |
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#* |
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1610|author=w:Giles Fletcher|title=Christ's Victorie and Triumph |
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|passage='''Clodded''' in lumps of clay.}} |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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===Anagrams=== |
===Anagrams=== |
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* {{anagrams|en|a=cdlo|cold|loc'd}} |
* {{anagrams|en|a=cdlo|cold|loc'd}} |
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---- |
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==Middle English== |
==Middle English== |
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[[Category:enm:Cuts of meat]] |
[[Category:enm:Cuts of meat]] |
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---- |
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==Welsh== |
==Welsh== |
Revision as of 17:19, 8 July 2024
English
Etymology
From Middle English clod, a late by-form of clot, from Old English clot, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“mass, ball, clump”). Compare clot and cloud; cognate to kloot (“clod”).
Alternatively, Middle English clod may derive from Old English *clod (found in Old English clodhamer (“a kind of thrush”) and Clodhangra (a placename)), from Proto-West Germanic *kloddō (“lump, clod”), from *gel- (“to ball up, become lumpy”), related to West Frisian klodde (“clod, lump”), Dutch klodde (“lump, blob”).
Pronunciation
Noun
clod (plural clods)
- A lump of something, especially earth or clay.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
- clods of iron and brass
- 1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), originally published in 1581 by Torquato Tasso, w:Jerusalem Delivered
- clods of blood
- 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “(please specify the page, or |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:
- The earth that casteth up from the plough a great clod, is not so good as that which casteth up a smaller clod.
- 1903, Warwick Deeping, Uther and Igraine:
- As for yon clod of clay, we will bury it later, lest it should pollute so goodly a pool.
- 1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary:
- One of the clods took it back of the ear, and it used language. It gave me a thrill, for it was the first time I had ever heard speech, except my own.
- 2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest:
- "What a bunch of hooey," I said under my breath, tossing a dirt clod over my shoulder against the locked-up garden shed.
- The ground; the earth; a spot of earth or turf.
- 1723, Jonathan Swift, Pethox the Great:
- the clod where once their sultan's horse hath trod
- A stupid person; a dolt.
- 1675, John Dryden, Aureng-zebe: A Tragedy. […], London: […] T[homas] N[ewcomb] for Henry Herringman, […], published 1676, →OCLC, Act I, page 3:
- The vulgar, a scarce animated clod
- 1906, Robert Barr, The Triumphs of Eugène Valmont:
- 'What was its number?'
'I don't know, sir.'
'You clod! Why didn't you call one of our men, whoever was nearest, and leave him to shadow the American while you followed the cab?'
- 1986 February 14, Bill Watterson, Calvin and Hobbes:
- So here's a valentine for you, you insensitive clod!!
- 1998, Chickenpox (episode of South Park TV series)
- Gerald Broflovski: You see Kyle, we humans work as a society, and in order for a society to thrive, we need gods and clods.
- 2015, "Jail Break" (episode of Steven Universe TV series)
- Peridot: Don't touch that! You clods don't know what you're doing!
- Part of a shoulder of beef, or of the neck piece near the shoulder.
Derived terms
Translations
|
|
Verb
clod (third-person singular simple present clods, present participle clodding, simple past and past participle clodded)
- (transitive) To pelt with clods.
- 1906, Mark Twain, Eve's Diary:
- "When I went there yesterday evening in the gloaming it had crept down and was trying to catch the little speckled fishes that play in the pool, and I had to clod it to make it go up the tree again and let them alone."
- 1959, Louis L'Amour, The First Fast Draw:
- when I came out and started to hoist it to the mule's back they rushed at me and jerked my suspenders down and then they clodded me with chunks of dirt
- (transitive, Scotland) To throw violently; to hurl.
- 1815 February 24, [Walter Scott], Guy Mannering; or, The Astrologer. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […]; and Archibald Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:
- "So, sir, she grippit him, and clodded him like a stane from the sling ower the craigs of Warroch-head"
- To collect into clods, or into a thick mass; to coagulate; to clot.
- 1610, Giles Fletcher, Christ's Victorie and Triumph:
- Clodded in lumps of clay.
References
“clod”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Anagrams
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
A late by-form of clot of unclear provenance. Compare Old English *clod, a form of clot found in compounds and placenames.
Pronunciation
Noun
clod (plural cloddes)
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “clod, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Welsh
Etymology
From Proto-Brythonic *klod, from Proto-Celtic *klutom (“rumour; fame”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“heard, famous”) (whence also clywed (“to hear”)).
Pronunciation
Noun
clod m (plural clodydd)
- praise, renown, credit
- distinction (in exam results)
Derived terms
- anghlod (“dispraise”)
- canu clodydd (“to sing the praises of”)
- clodfawr (“famous, renowned”)
- clodwiw (“praiseworthy”)
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
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radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
clod | glod | nghlod | chlod |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “clod”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɒd
- Rhymes:English/ɒd/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- Scottish English
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English terms with rare senses
- enm:Cuts of meat
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh nouns
- Welsh countable nouns
- Welsh masculine nouns