artus

See also: Artus

Latin

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Italic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥tós (“fitted”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join, fit (together)”). Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right, etc.”) and Avestan 𐬀𐬴𐬀 (aṣ̌a, “truth”).

Alternative forms

• arctus (erroneous)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈar.tus/, [ˈärt̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈar.tus/, [ˈärt̪us]

Adjective

artus (feminine arta, neuter artum, comparative artior, superlative artissimus); first/second-declension adjective

2. narrow, close, fitted, confined, dense
3. (figuratively) severe, strict, scanty, brief

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	artus	arta	artum		artī	artae	arta
Genitive	artī	artae	artī		artōrum	artārum	artōrum
Dative	artō		artō		artīs
Accusative	artum	artam	artum		artōs	artās	arta
Ablative	artō	artā	artō		artīs
Vocative	arte	arta	artum		artī	artae	arta

Synonyms

• (narrow): angustus

Derived terms

• artē
• artiō
• artō
• artum

 

Descendants

• Italian: arto

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Italic *artus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂értus (“that which is fit together; juncture, ordering”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join, fit (together)”).

Cognates include Sanskrit ऋतु (ṛtú, “right time, order, rule”), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, “arranging, arrangement”) and Old Armenian արդ (ard, “ornament, shape”). From the same root also ars, artis (“art”) and arma (“armor”).

Noun

artus m (genitive artūs); fourth declension

2. (anatomy, usually in the plural) a joint
3. (figuratively) sinew, strength, power
4. (poetic) the limbs

Declension

Fourth-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -ubus).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	artus	artūs
Genitive	artūs	artuum
Dative	artuī	artubus
Accusative	artum	artūs
Ablative	artū	artubus
Vocative	artus	artūs

• Notes: As if neuter, the plural form artua is also found.

Derived terms

• articulus
• artuātim
• artuātus

 

Descendants

• Italian: arto

References

• “artus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “artus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• artus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• artus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to tremble in every limb: omnibus artubus contremiscere
    
  • to fall fast asleep: artus somnus aliquem complectitur (Rep. 6. 10)
    
  • (ambiguous) to sleep soundly (from fatigue): arte, graviter dormire (ex lassitudine)
    
  • (ambiguous) theoretical, speculative philosophy: philosophia, quae in rerum contemplatione versatur, or quae artis praeceptis continetur
    
  • (ambiguous) to have been reduced to a system: arte conclusum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) to be very intimately related: arte (artissime) coniunctum esse
    
  • (ambiguous) a work of art: artis opus; opus arte factum or perfectum
    
  • (ambiguous) the rules of art; aesthetics: artis praecepta, or also simply ars
    
  • (ambiguous) a connoisseur; a specialist: (artis, artium) intellegens, peritus (opp. idiota, a layman)
    
  • (ambiguous) to be very eloquent: dicendi arte florere
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 55-56

Latvian

Participle

artus

1. accusative plural masculine of arts