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{{also|yla|ýla}} |
{{also|yla|ýla|ylą|yła|ȳła|-yla}} |
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==Finnish== |
==Finnish== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{inh|fi| |
From {{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*ülä}}, from {{inh|fi|urj-pro|*wilä}}, {{m|urj-pro|*wülä}}. Cognate with {{cog|myv|вель-}} in {{m|myv|велькс||sheet; upside}}, {{m|myv|вельтямс||to cover}}. Some of the inflected forms, like {{m|fi|yleensä}}, {{m|fi|ylen}} and {{m|fi|ylös}} exhibit a variant {{m|fi||yle-}}; this variant goes back to at least Proto-Finnic ({{inh|fi|urj-fin-pro|*üle-}}). |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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====Usage notes==== |
====Usage notes==== |
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* {{m|fi||ylä-}} is used as a ''nominal'' prefix, whereas {{m|fi||yli-}} is used as both a ''verbal'' prefix and as a nominal prefix: |
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*: {{ux|fi|'''Yli'''arvioiko alaluokka '''ylä'''luokkaa?|Is the '''upper''' class being '''over'''estimated by the lower class?}} |
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: [[yliarvioida|''Yli''arvioi]][[-ko|ko]] [[alaluokka|''ala''luokka]] [[yläluokka|''ylä''luokkaa]]? |
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*: {{uxi|fi|'''yli'''-ihminen|superhuman}} |
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:: Is the ''upper'' class being ''over''estimated by the ''lower'' class? |
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*: {{uxi|fi|'''yli'''luutnantti|senior lieutenant}} |
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: [[yli-ihminen]], [[yliluutnantti]], [[yliopisto]], [[ylimielinen]] |
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*: {{uxi|fi|'''yli'''opisto|university}} |
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*: {{uxi|fi|'''yli'''mielinen|arrogant}} |
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====Inflection==== |
====Inflection==== |
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The inflected forms of |
The inflected forms of {{m|fi||ylä-}} serve only as adverbs. |
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{{fi-decl-pron/ylä-}} |
{{fi-decl-pron/ylä-}} |
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====Antonyms==== |
====Antonyms==== |
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* |
* {{as|upper; superior, high, higher}} {{l|fi|ala-}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{ |
{{col-auto|fi |
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|yli- |
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* adjectives: {{l|fi|ylhäinen}}, {{l|fi|ylempi}}, {{l|fi|ylevä}}, {{l|fi|ylimmäinen}}, {{l|fi|ylin}} |
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}} |
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* adverbs: {{l|fi|ylös}} |
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* nouns: {{l|fi|ylänkö}}, {{l|fi|ylänne}} |
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* prefixes: {{l|fi|yli-}} |
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* verbs: {{l|fi|ylentää}}, {{l|fi|yletä}}, {{l|fi|ylistää}}, {{l|fi|ylittää}}, {{l|fi|yltää}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=adjectives |
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====Compounds==== |
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|yleinen |
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{{top3}} |
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|ylempi |
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* {{l|fi|yläarvoinen}} |
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|yletön |
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* {{l|fi|yläaste}} |
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|ylevä |
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* {{l|fi|ylähuone}} |
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|ylhäinen |
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* {{l|fi|yläikäraja}} |
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|ylimmäinen |
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* {{l|fi|yläilma}} |
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|ylin |
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* {{l|fi|yläjuoksu}} |
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|ylävä |
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* {{l|fi|yläkanttiin}} |
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}} |
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* {{l|fi|yläkautta}} |
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* {{l|fi|yläkerros}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=adverbs |
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|ylhäälle |
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* {{l|fi|yläkoulu}} |
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|ylhäällä |
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* {{l|fi|yläluokka}} |
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|ylhäältä |
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* {{l|fi|ylämäki}} |
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|ylös |
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* {{l|fi|yläoksa}} |
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}} |
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* {{l|fi|yläosa}} |
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* {{l|fi|yläpiha}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=nouns |
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|yleisö |
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* {{l|fi|yläpuoli}} |
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|yliö |
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* {{l|fi|yläraaja}} |
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|ylänkö |
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* {{l|fi|yläraja}} |
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|ylänne |
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* {{l|fi|yläsaksa}} |
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}} |
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* {{l|fi|yläsävel}} |
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* {{l|fi|ylätasanko}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=postpositions |
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* {{l|fi|ylätyyli}} |
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|yli |
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* {{l|fi|yläviisto}} |
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|ylitse |
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* {{l|fi|ylävirta}} |
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}} |
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{{bottom}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=proper nouns |
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|Ylästö |
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|Ylönen |
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}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=verbs |
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|ylentää |
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|yletä |
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|ylistää |
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|ylittää |
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|yltää |
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}} |
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{{col-auto|fi|title=compounds |
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|Ylä-Malmi |
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|Ylä-Volta |
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|yläarvoinen |
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|yläaste |
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|ylähuone |
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|yläikäraja |
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|yläilma |
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|yläjuoksu |
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|yläkantissa |
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|yläkanttiin |
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|yläkautta |
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|yläkerros |
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|yläkerta |
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|yläkoulu |
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|yläluokka |
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|ylämäki |
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|Ylämäki |
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|yläoksa |
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|yläosa |
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|yläpiha |
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|yläpilvi |
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|yläpuoli |
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|yläraaja |
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|yläraja |
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|yläsaksa |
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|yläsävel |
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|Ylätalo |
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|ylätasanko |
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|ylätyyli |
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|yläviisto |
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|ylävirta |
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}} |
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===Further reading=== |
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* {{R:KTSK|accessdate=2023-07-04}} |
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===Anagrams=== |
===Anagrams=== |
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* {{anagrams|fi|a=lyä|äly|äly-}} |
* {{anagrams|fi|a=lyä|äly|äly-}} |
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---- |
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==Ingrian== |
==Ingrian== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{dercat|izh|urj-pro|inh=1}} |
{{dercat|izh|urj-pro|inh=1}} |
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From {{inh|izh| |
From {{inh|izh|urj-fin-pro|*ülä|*ülä-}}. Cognates include {{cog|fi|ylä-}} and {{cog|vep|ülä-}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{izh-p |
* {{izh-p}} |
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===Prefix=== |
===Prefix=== |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{prefixsee|izh}} |
{{prefixsee|izh}} |
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{{col4|izh |
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|ylänkö}} |
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====Related terms==== |
====Related terms==== |
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* {{l|izh|yllääl}}, {{l|izh| |
* {{l|izh|yllää}}, {{l|izh|ylös}}, {{l|izh|ylläälle}}, {{l|izh|yllääl}}, {{l|izh|ylläält}}, {{l|izh|ylemmääl}}, {{l|izh|ylemmäks}}, {{l|izh|ylemmäs}}, {{l|izh|ylempäin}} |
Latest revision as of 21:20, 24 May 2024
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *ülä, from Proto-Uralic *wilä, *wülä. Cognate with Erzya вель- (veľ-) in велькс (veľks, “sheet; upside”), вельтямс (veľťams, “to cover”). Some of the inflected forms, like yleensä, ylen and ylös exhibit a variant yle-; this variant goes back to at least Proto-Finnic (Proto-Finnic *üle-).
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]ylä- (comparative ylempi, superlative ylin)
Usage notes
[edit]- ylä- is used as a nominal prefix, whereas yli- is used as both a verbal prefix and as a nominal prefix:
- Yliarvioiko alaluokka yläluokkaa?
- Is the upper class being overestimated by the lower class?
- yli-ihminen ― superhuman
- yliluutnantti ― senior lieutenant
- yliopisto ― university
- ylimielinen ― arrogant
Inflection
[edit]The inflected forms of ylä- serve only as adverbs.
Declension of ylä-
|
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “upper; superior, high, higher”): ala-
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
adverbs
nouns
postpositions
proper nouns
verbs
compounds
Further reading
[edit]- “ylä-”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *ülä-. Cognates include Finnish ylä- and Veps ülä-.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]ylä-
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish prefixes
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian prefixes