View source for quad

{{also|Quad|quad-}}
==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Etymology===
Shortened, via {{glossary|clipping}} or abbreviation, from various English terms. Ultimately related to {{cog|la|quattuor||4}}; compare {{m|en|quadri-}}, {{m|en|quadruple}}.

The typography senses are from the abbreviation {{m|en|quad.}} for obsolete {{m|en|quadrat}}; the keyboard command comes from the verb sense.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/kwɑd/|a=GA}}
* {{IPA|en|/kwɒd/|a=RP}}
* {{audio|en|En-au-quad.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɒd|s=1}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|typesetting|obsolete}} {{abbreviation of|en|quadrat#Etymology 2}} {{defdate|18th to 19th century}}
## {{senseid|en|typesetting}} {{lb|en|metal type}} A [[blank]] metal block used to fill short [[line]]s of [[type]]. {{defdate|from 1780s}}
##: {{syn|en|em space|quadrat|q2=obsolete}}
##* {{quote-journal|en|date=April 16 1853|author=w:Charles Dickens|journal=Household Words|number=160|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=axAHAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA147&vq=quads&cad=1_1#PPA148,M1|page=148
|passage=“Quadrats, sir. We call 'em '''quads'''.” . . . '''Quads''' are the spaces left between the paragraphs that come white on the paper. If you look here, at this page that is set-up, you will see that they are deeper than the spaces left between the words and letters—regular little trenches.}}
##* {{quote-book|en|year=1979|author=Marshall Lee|title=Bookmaking|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=yiSeCZTFAtQC|page=110
|passage=Horizontal spacing is further divided into multiples and fractions of the em. The multiples are called '''''quads'''''. The fractions are called ''spaces''.}}
##* {{quote-book|en|year=2005|author=Phil Baines; Andrew Haslam|title=Type & Typography|edition=2nd|page=91|pageurl=http://books.google.com/books?id=rs6gyb2hPF4C|text=Other larger spaces – known as '''quads''' – were used to space out lines.}}
## {{lb|en|printing|_|slang}} A [[joke]] used to fill long days of setting type.
## {{lb|en|typography|phototypesetting and digital typesetting}} A [[keyboard]] [[command]] which [[align]]s [[text]] with the left or right margin, or centred between them. In combination, as ''quad left, quad right{{,}}'' or ''quad centre''.
# {{lb|en|informal}} A [[quadrangle]] {{gloss|quadrangular courtyard}}. {{defdate|from 1780s}}
#* {{quote-book|1=en|year=1880|title= The Enemies of Books|author=w:William Blades|page=38|text=Gilt-backed books on gilded shelf or table caught the eye, and as you turned your glance from the luxurious interiors to the well-shorn lawn in the '''Quad''' with its classic fountain also gilded by sunbeams, the mental vision saw plainly written over the whole "The Union of Luxury and Learning."}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2014|author=Walker Orenstein; for Norwest Asian Weekly|title=Cherry trees from Japan to grace UW campus|url=http://www.nwasianweekly.com/2014/05/cherry-trees-japan-grace-uw-campus/
|passage=Every spring, the '''quad''' on the University of Washington (UW) campus transforms from a peaceful green space to a bustling habitat for hundreds of shuttering cameras, families, and onlookers.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=Nicole Sperling|title=How Do You Make Teen Comedies Today? Buy a High School.|work=The New York Times|date=2021-11-21|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/21/business/media/american-high-teen-comedies-movies.html|issn=0362-4331|passage=The teenage couple is lounging on the lawn outside a high school, taking advantage of a free period between classes in that age-old way: making out on the '''quad'''.}}
# {{lb|en|colloquial|dated}} A [[horse]], from colloquial or humorous {{m|en|quadruped}} specifically for ''horse''. {{defdate|from 1850s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1934|author=John Buchan|title=The Free Fishers|page=258|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/freefishers0000john_f4c1/page/258/|passage=The '''quads''' is all right, barrin’ that the bay is blind o’ the left eye, and the chestnut a bit weak in the off fore.}}
# Something that is {{l|en|quadruple}} (four times) the usual amount, number, etc.
## A [[poster]] advertising a [[cinematic]] [[film]] release, measuring forty by thirty inches, four times the area of {{l|en|crown|id=UK paper size}} paper. {{defdate|c. 1910}}
## {{lb|en|skating}} A {{l|en|quadruple|id=skating}}, a jump with four revolutions in the air.
## A serving of four shots of [[espresso]]; {{q|attributive}} containing four shots of espresso.
##* {{quote-web|en|date=2023-05-07|author=Josh|title=How to Order a Quad Over Ice + Fun Alternatives|work=Angry Espresso|text=A grande iced '''quad''' latte with milk is $6.65 + tax, whereas a '''quad''' over ice with milk added at the self-serve station is only $3.65 + tax|url=https://angryespresso.com/how-to-order-a-quad-over-ice/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230528135223/https://angryespresso.com/how-to-order-a-quad-over-ice/|archivedate=2023-05-28}}
## A [[skate]] with four wheels.
##* {{quote-text|en|year=2018|author=Elicia Hyder|title=Lights Out Lucy: Roller Derby 101
|passage=These are the '''quads''' I recommend for newbies.}}
##* {{quote-text|en|year=2014|author=Brigitte Legendre|title=A Skater's Business|page=16
|passage=When you can skate, inline, ice, '''quads''' are all equally enjoyable as long as they are of good enough quality.}}
# {{clipping of|en|quadruplet|t=a set of four; one of a set of four}} {{defdate|from 1890s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1991|author=Alain Gelbman|title=Mah Jong: One Step at a Time|page=7|passage=The Pair, Triples, and '''Quads''' can be formed with both Honor and Suit Tiles.|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/mahjongonestepat0000gelb/page/6/mode/2up}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1999|author=Jennifer Kelley|title=Great Book of Domino Games|page=70|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/greatbookofdomin00jenn/page/70/|text=Object of the game: To use up all the tiles by playing them in '''quads'''. A '''''quad''''' is four consecutive numbers running in ascending or descending order, and played in a straight line.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2002|title=Experiments with Plants: teacher’s guide|page=18|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/experimentswithp0000unse/page/18/|passage=Each person on the team could be exclusively responsible for taking care of and keeping records for one set of four plants (a '''quad''').}}
## {{lb|en|electronics|telecommunication}} A group of four insulated wires twisted together to form two circuits of two wires each. {{defdate|from 1920s}}
## {{lb|en|radio}} A {{w|quad antenna}}, a directional radio antenna consisting of multiple loop antennas. {{defdate|from 1930s}}
## {{lb|en|informal}} A {{l|en|quadruplet|id=baby}}, one of four babies born during the same birth.
##* {{quote-book|en|year=1980|author=Linda Schreiber|title=Marathon Mom: The Wife and Mother Running Book|page=18|text=My husband Jim was home{{...}} and so were my children: Samantha, 4, and the quadruplets, Zachary, Danielle, Amanda, and Elisabeth. The '''quads''' were eighteen months old and in their usual fine form — singing, banging, pushing each other, and toddling into impossible places.|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/marathonmomwifem0000schr/page/n17/mode/2up}}
## {{lb|en|chess}} A kind of [[round robin|round-robin]] [[tournament]] between four players, where each participant plays every other participant once.
## {{lb|en|Mormonism}} The Bible, [[Book of Mormon]], [[w:Doctrine and Covenants|Doctrine and Covenants]], and [[w:Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism)|Pearl of Great Price]] bound in a single volume.
## {{lb|en|poker slang|attributive}} Of or relating to [[quads#Noun|quads]] {{gloss|four of a kind}}.
##* {{quote-book|en|year=2001|author=Alfred Alvarez|title=Poker: Bets, Bluffs and Bad Beats|page=90|text=Both players had four of a kind. A had '''quad''' fours; B had '''quad''' deuces.|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/pokerbetsbluffsb0000alva_h9b9/page/90/}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} The [[quadriceps]] muscle. {{defdate|from 1950s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2010|author=Adam Garett|chapter=Fried Hams|title=Reps!|section='''17''':23|passage=Aesthetics aside, if you train your '''quads''' while neglecting your hamstrings, you're setting yourself up for an eventual injury.}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} {{w|Quadruplex videotape}}. {{defdate|from 1960s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1975|author=[US] House Subcommittee on Communications|title=Telecommunications Facilities and Demonstration Act of 1975|page=11|text=The high band color quadruplex format is recommended for the following reasons:<br>1. '''Quad''' is now the accepted industry standard world-wide with over 90% of all television broadcast operations using this format for video recording.|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Te8MJ5KJ-iEC&pg=PA91}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} A [[quadriplegic]] person. {{defdate|from 1970s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2005|year_published=2015|author=Nancy H. Blose|title=Behind the Curtain: Living as a Quadriplegic|publisher=Lulu Publishing|isbn=9781483424903|page={{gbooks|wvNFCgAAQBAJ|74|quad|altpg=74–75}}|passage=The worse was the realization that this was my new reality. This too was Bill's debut as a husband of a '''quad''' and his first social gathering since June 22.}}
# A unit of energy equivalent to a [[quadrillion]] [[BTU]] {{gloss|10<sup>15</sup> BTU}}. {{defdate|from 1970s}}
# A [[quad bike]]. {{defdate|from 1980s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2000|author=Sam Llewellyn|title=Wonder Dog|page=20|text=Cad was a ferocious driver of a '''quad''', much given to wheelies, jumps and stunts in general.|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/wonderdog0000llew/page/20/}}
# {{lb|en|informal|computer graphics}} A [[quadrilateral]]. {{defdate|from 1980s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1989|title=ACM SIGGRAPH '89 Course Notes|publisher=Association for Computing Machinery|location=New York|page=48|text=System Rasterization Primitives • Polygons • Triangles, Trapezoids, '''Quads'''}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2006|author=Koen Beets; Johan Claes; Frank Van Reeth|chapter=Optimizing Mesh Construction for Quad/Triangle Schemes|title=Advances in Computer Graphics|editor=Hans-Peter Seidel; Tomoyuki Nishita; Qunsheng Peng|page=711|text=schemes have appeared which generate good results when applied to meshes which contain both triangular and quadrilateral regions. These kinds of schemes turn out to be very useful for modelling animations, because there, in symmetric (e.g. cylindrical) areas, '''quads''' and vertices with valence 4 are preferred}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2010|author=Tony Mullen; Claudio Andaur|title=Blender Studio Projects: Digital Movie-Making|page=91
|passage=Tris and '''quads''' have different areas of functionality. In real-time graphics, tris are the norm because they provide the most basic geometric representations of planes.}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} A [[quadcopter]]. {{defdate|from 2000s}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2017-05-19|author=Ed Darack|title=A Brief History of Quadrotors|journal={{w|Air & Space/Smithsonian|Air & Space Magazine}}|url=https://www.airspacemag.com/daily-planet/brief-history-quadrotors-180963372/|passage=Today you can buy quadrotor drones—also known as quadcopters—of just about any kind, for just about any price. The extremely wealthy can buy gold-plated '''quads''', and the rest of us can buy tiny plastic ones.}}
# {{lb|en|informal}} A [[quadrupel]] [[beer]].
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2012|author=Bruce Glassman|title=Brew Food: Great Beer-inspired Appetizers, Main Courses, and Desserts|page=142|text=So what’s the beer for this great dish? You guessed it — Belgian '''quad'''. “I don’t usually pair the same beer with the one used in the recipe,” Bill explains, “but drinking a great '''quad''' with this dish really elevates both the food and the beer in a special way.”|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/brewfoodgreatbee0000glas/page/142/}}

====Derived terms====
{{der2|en|title=typography|em quad|en quad|nut quad|mutton quad}}

{{der2|title=quadruplet|en|dotted quad|quad bike|quad play|quadcore|quad meet|quad skate}}

{{der2|title=other senses|en|quad suit|quad hockey|quad rugby|quad ruled}}

====Translations====
{{trans-see|quadrangle}}

{{trans-see|quadruplet}}

{{trans-see|quadrilateral}}

{{trans-see|quad bike}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|-}}

# {{cap|quadruple}}, four times the usual size or quantity. {{defdate|from 1880s}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1896|title=Sunderland. Re Mawson, Phillips & Co., Ld., in Liquidation|passage=Printing Plant Machinery, Type, Material, Fittings, Stock-in-Trade, Paper, &c., {{smallcaps|including}} '''QUAD-CROWN''' CYLINDER MACHINE, With Flyers, Riders, &c., by Miller & Richard.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=udAV_2RSPnEC&pg=RA17-PA1}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1998|author=Kip Ward; Mike van Mantgem; Axel Floyd|title=Quake for Nintendo 64|series=Prima’s Unauthorized Game Secrets|page=23|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/quake-for-nintendo-64-primas-official-strategy-guide/page/22/mode/2up|passage=Around the corner waits a '''Quad''' Damage rune, which you can activate before returning to the Teleporter and heading for the Gold Key.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2014|author=Brian Johnson|title=21 Best Tablets for You This Holiday Season of 2014|page=44|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/pdfy-pGWs79WttVmPa5ZE/page/n43/|passage=With Mali-400 MP4 GPU, 2GB of RAM and a '''quad-core''' Cortex-A9 processor, this tablet is more than capable to handle even the latest graphics intense games}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=2015|month=May|volume=30|author=Chris Woodward|title=Yamaha 190 FSH|journal=Sport Fishing|page=85|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/Sport_Fishing_May_2015_USA/page/n83/mode/2up|passage=SeaStar Solutions, which makes systems for twin- and triple-outboard powered boats, now offers its Optimus electronic power steering (EPS) for single- and '''quad-powered''' boats.}}
# {{lb|en|paper}} {{l|en|quadrille#Etymology 2|Quadrille}}, marked with squares.

====Derived terms====
* [[quad paper]]

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|typography|metal type|transitive|intransitive}} To [[fill]] spaces in a line of type with quads. Also ''quad out''.
# {{lb|en|typography|phototypesetting and digital typesetting|transitive|intransitive}} To align text with the left or right margin, or centre it.
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To twist four individually insulated conductors together as two pairs of twisted wires that are then twisted together.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1901|title=Report of the Industrial Commission on Transportation|page=232
|passage=Can you "'''quad'''" the cable?}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1961|title=Telecommunications|page=690
|passage=The star '''quadding''' of the wires ensures a reduction in the diameters of cables and their weight {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1965|publisher=United States. Department of the Army|title=Telephone Cable Splicing: Cable Terminations and Cable Repairs|page=906
|passage=The conductors in '''quadded''' cables are tinned and may also be enameled.}}
# {{lb|en|intransitive}} To ride a [[quad bike]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=2006-04-27|author=Christopher Thrall|title=There’s a mud-eating grin to be seen after every quadding adventure|journal=Vue Weekly|location=Edmonton|page=31|text=visibility was perfect and mud was plentiful for our '''quadding''' adventure.|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/vueweekly549/page/n31/}}

====Derived terms====
*{{l|en|quad out}}

===See also===
* {{l|en|quadr-}}, {{l|en|quadri-}}
* {{l|en|quadru-}}
* {{l|en|quin}}
* {{pedia|lang=en|Quad (unit)}}

{{C|en|Coffee|Four}}

==Basque==

===Etymology===
From {{der|eu|en|quad}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{eu-pr|kwad}}

===Noun===
{{eu-noun|in}}

# [[quad bike]]

====Declension====
{{eu-decl-inanim}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:EH}}

{{C|eu|Vehicles}}

==Catalan==

===Pronunciation===
* {{ca-IPA}}

===Noun===
{{ca-noun|m}}

# {{clipping of|ca|quadricicle}}

==Dutch==

===Etymology===
From {{der|nl|en|quad}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{audio|nl|Nl-quad.ogg}}

===Noun===
{{nl-noun|m|-s|+}}

# {{l|en|quad}}, [[quad bike]]

{{C|nl|Vehicles}}

==Italian==

===Noun===
{{it-noun|m|#}}

# [[quad bike]]

==Middle Scots==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|gmw-msc|quaid|queid}}
* {{alt|gmw-msc|quyed||dialectal}}

===Etymology===
{{inh+|gmw-msc|enm|qued}}, from {{inh|gmw-msc|ang|cwēad}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gmw-msc|[kwad]|a=Early Scots}}
* {{IPA|gmw-msc|[kwad]|a=Early Middle Scots}}
* {{IPA|gmw-msc|[kwad]|a=Late Middle Scots}}

===Adjective===
{{head|gmw-msc|adjective|comparative|quader}}

# {{lb|gmw-msc|dated}} [[evil]], [[wicked]], [[bad]] {{defdate|from 13th century}}

====Usage notes====
Only the comparative is attested.

===Further reading===
* {{R:Dictionary of the Scots Language|source=DOST}}

==Old High German==

===Verb===
{{head|goh|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|goh|quedan||1//3|s|past|indc}}

==Polish==
{{wp|lang=pl}}
[[File:KTM Quad 990 neutral.jpg|thumb|quad]]

===Etymology===
{{ubor|pl|en|quad}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|kład|a=Pl-quad.ogg|hh=kład|h=quad}}

===Noun===
{{pl-noun|m-in}}

# [[quad bike]]
#: {{syn|pl|czterokołowiec|wszędołaz|kład}}

====Declension====
{{pl-decl-noun-m-in|gens=quada}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:WSJP}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}

{{C|pl|Vehicles}}

==Spanish==

===Noun===
{{es-noun|f|quads}}

# [[all-terrain vehicle]]

===Further reading===
* {{R:es:DRAE}}