View source for polyglot

==English==
{{was wotd|2021|October|28}}

===Etymology===
{{PIE word|en|glōgʰs}}{{root|en|ine-pro|*pleh₁-}}
[[File:Complutensian Polyglot Bible - Genesis 1.1.png|thumb|The [[beginning#Noun|beginning]] of the {{w|Book of Genesis}} in the {{w|Complutensian Polyglot Bible}} (completed 1517), the [[first#Adjective|first]] [[printed#Adjective|printed]] polyglot ''(noun sense 1)'' of the [[entire]] [[Bible]]. On this [[page#Noun|page]], the [[text#Noun|text]] is in ''(above, left to right)'' [[Greek#Noun|Greek]], [[Latin#Noun|Latin]], and [[Hebrew#Noun|Hebrew]], with ''(below, left to right)'' the text of the {{w|Targum Onkelos}} in [[Aramaic#Noun|Aramaic]] with its own Latin [[translation]].]]

Borrowed from {{bor|en|grc-att|πολύγλωττος|t=speaking many languages, multilingual}}, alternative form of {{der|en|grc|πολῠ́γλωσσος|t=speaking many languages, multilingual}}, from {{m|grc|πολῠ́ς|t=a lot of, many}} (ultimately from {{der|en|ine-pro|*pleh₁-|t=to fill}}) + {{der|en|grc-att|γλῶττα}}, {{der|en|grc|γλῶσσᾰ|t=tongue; language}} (ultimately from {{der|en|ine-pro|*glōgʰs|t=tip of corn}}) + {{m|grc|-ος|pos={{glossary|suffix}} forming o-grade action {{glossary|noun}}s}}.<ref name="OED">Compare {{R:OED Online|pos=adj.'' and ''n|id=147157|date=December 2020|nodot=1}}; {{R:Lexico|pos=adj.'' and ''n}}</ref> The English word is analysable as {{confix|en|poly|glot}}.

Noun sense 1 (“publication in several languages”) is probably derived from {{der|en|LL.|polyglottus}}, from {{der|en|grc-att|πολύγλωττος}}: see above.<ref name="OED"/>

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/|a=RP}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-polyglot.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpɑlɪˌɡlɑt/|a=GA,CA}}
** {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-polyglot.wav|a=Texas}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈpɔlɪɡlɔt/|a=AU}}
* {{hyphenation|en|pol|y|glot}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|-}}

# Of a [[person]]: [[speak#Verb|speaking]], or [[versed#Adjective|versed]] in, many [[language]]s; [[multilingual]].
#: {{synonyms|en|q1=archaic|polyglotted|polyglottic|polylingual}}
#* {{RQ:Howell Epistolae|version=1|volume=II|chapter=LVIII. To the Right Hon. the E. R.|date=25 July 1630|page=77|passage='[T]is thought the two and twenty Languages which ''[[w:Mithridates VI Eupator|Mythrydates]]'' the great '''''Polyglot''''' King of ''Pontus'' did ſpeak, wer all within the circumference of ''Anatolia'' in regard his dominions extended but a little further: {{...}}}}
#* {{RQ:Rihani Khalid|chapter=On the Wharf of Enchantment|page=38|passage=For this flyaway son of a Phœnician did not seem to wait for the decision of the '''polyglot''' Judges of the Emigration Board.}}
# [[contain|Containing]], or [[make up|made up]] of, several languages; specifically, of a [[book#Noun|book]] (especially a [[bible]]): having [[text#Noun|text]] [[translate#Verb|translated]] into several languages.
#: {{synonyms|en|polyglossic|polyglottal|polyglottic|q4=rare|polyglottish}}
#: {{ux|en|a '''polyglot''' bible&emsp;&emsp;&emsp; a '''polyglot''' lexicon}}
# [[comprise|Comprising]] various ([[native#Adjective|native]]) [[linguistic#Adjective|linguistic]] [[group#Noun|groups]]; multilingual.
#: {{ux|en|A '''polyglot''' region without a clearly dominant culture may develop an artificial lingua franca, such as Pidgin English in the South Sea.}}

====Alternative forms====
* {{l|en|polyglott}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}

====Coordinate terms====
* 1, {{l|en|monoglot}}; 2, {{l|en|diglot}}; 3, {{l|en|triglot}}; 4, {{l|en|tetraglot}}; 5, {{l|en|pentaglot}}; all, {{l|en|omniglot}}

====Derived terms====
{{col3|en
|[[polyglotism]], [[polyglottism]]
|polyglottal
|[[polyglotted]] {{qualifier|archaic}}
|polyglottery
|polyglottic
|[[polyglottology]] {{qualifier|obsolete}}
|polyglotwise
}}

====Related terms====
{{col3|en
|diglossia
|diglossic
|diglossically
|diglottism
|monoglottism
|polyglossia
|polyglossic
|polyglossy
|triglossia
|triglossic
}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top-also|of a person: speaking, or versed in, many languages|multilingual}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|шматмо́ўны}}, {{t|be|мнагамо́ўны}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|многоези́чен}}
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|講多種語言|tr=gong2 do1 zung2 jyu5 jin4}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|多種語言}}, {{t|cmn|多語}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|vícejazyčný}}, {{t+|cs|mnohojazyčný}}
* Danish: {{t|da|flersproget}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|polyglot}} {{qualifier|rare}}, {{t+|nl|polyglottisch}}, {{t+|nl|meertalig}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|fleirmæltur}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|monikielinen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|plurilingue}}, {{t+|fr|polyglotte}}, {{t+|fr|multilingue}} {{qualifier|rare}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|პოლიგლოტი}}
* German: {{t+|de|vielsprachig}}, {{t+|de|polyglott}}, {{t+|de|mehrsprachig}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πολύγλωσσος}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|बहुभाषी}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|poliglott}}, {{t+|hu|soknyelvű}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|fjöltyngdur}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|polyglotto}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|poliglotta|m|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|多言語|tr=たげんご, tagengo}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|다중언어(多重言語)}}, {{t+|ko|다국어(多國語)}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|повеќеја́зичен}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|yl-çhengagh}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|flerspråklig}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|fleirspråkleg}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|چند زبانه|tr=čand zabâne}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wielojęzyczny}}, {{t+|pl|wielojęzykowy}}, {{t+|pl|kilkujęzyczny}}, {{t+|pl|kilkujęzykowy}}, {{t|pl|poliglotyczny}}, {{t+|pl|różnojęzyczny}}, {{t+|pl|różnojęzykowy}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|poliglota}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|многоязы́чный}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|вишејезичан}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|višejezičan}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|mnohojazyčný}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|večjezičen}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|poligloto|m}} {{qualifier|rare}}, {{t+|es|polígloto|m}}, {{t+|es|multilingüe}}, {{t+|es|plurilingüe}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|polyglott}}, {{t+|sv|flerspråkig}}
* Thai: {{t-needed|th}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|çokdilli}}
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|багатомо́вний}}
* Vietnamese: {{t-needed|vi}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|בעל-לשון}}, {{t|yi|עטלעך־שפּראַכיק}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|containing, or made up of, several languages}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|poliglot}}
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|多種語言|tr=do1 zung2 jyu5 jin4}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|polyglottisch}}, {{t+|nl|meertalig}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|plurlingva}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|fleirmæltur}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|monikielinen}}
* French: {{t+|fr|polyglotte}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მრავალენოვანი}}
* German: {{t+|de|polyglott}}, {{t+|de|mehrsprachig}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πολύγλωσσος|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|soknyelvű}}, {{t+|hu|többnyelvű}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|polyglotte}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|poliglotta|m|f}}
* Manx: {{t|gv|yl-çhengagh}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|multilíngue}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|poligloto|m}} {{qualifier|rare}}, {{t+|es|polígloto|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|polyglott}}, {{t+|sv|flerspråkig}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|çokdilli}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top-also|comprising various (native) linguistic groups|multilingual}}
* Chinese:
*: Cantonese: {{t|yue|多種語言|tr=do1 zung2 jyu5 jin4}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|polyglottisch}}, {{t+|nl|veeltalig}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|plurlingvfamilia}}, {{t|eo|plurlingvgrupa}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|monikielinen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πολύγλωσσος|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|többnyelvű}}, {{t+|hu|soknyelvű}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|polyglotte}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|çokdil}}
{{trans-bottom}}

====See also====
* {{l|en|bilingual}}
* {{l|en|monolingual}}
* {{l|en|multilingual}}
* {{l|en|parallel text}}
* {{l|en|trilingual}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# A [[publication]] in several [[language]]s; specifically, a [[book#Noun|book]] (especially a [[bible]]) [[contain]]ing several [[version#Noun|versions]] of the same [[subject matter]] or [[text#Noun|text]] in several languages.
#* {{RQ:Pepys Diary|volume=VI|date=5 October 1666|page=7|passage=[T]hose coming to the warehouses' doors fired them, and burned all the books and the pillars of the church, {{...}} A great want thereof there will be of books, specially Latin books and foreign books; and, among others, the '''Polyglottes''' and new Bible, which he believes will be presently worth £40 a-piece.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:William Newcome|chapter=Arguments Shewing that an Improved Version of the Bible is Expedient|title=An Historical View of the English Biblical Translations: The Expediency of Revising by Authority our Present Translation: And the Means of Executing Such a Revision|location=Dublin|publisher={{...|Printed by}} John Exshaw|year=1792|page=239|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=tr47AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA239|oclc=776950873|passage=But ſince that period the biblical apparatus has been much enriched by the publication of '''polyglots'''; {{...}}}}
# {{lb|en|also|figuratively}} One who has [[master#Verb|mastered]] (especially when able to [[speak#Verb|speak]]) several languages.
#: {{synonyms|en|multilinguist|q2=both rare|polyglotter|polyglottist|polylinguist}}
#* {{RQ:Howell Epistolae|version=1|volume=III|chapter=VIII. To the Right Honourable My Lord of D.|year=c. 1646–1647|page=15|passage=Laſtly, a '''''polyg'''''['''''l''''']'''''ot''''' or good ''linguiſt'' may alſo be term'd a uſefull learned man, ſpecially if vers'd in School-languages.}}
# {{lb|en|also|figuratively}} A [[mixture]] of languages or [[nomenclature]]s.
# {{lb|en|computing}}
## A [[file#Noun|file]] that can be [[interprete]]d [[validly]] as [[multiple#Adjective|multiple]] [[format#Noun|formats]].
##* {{quote-book|en|author=Joxean Koret; Elias Bachaalany|chapter=Evading Scanners|title=The Antivirus Hacker’s Handbook|location=Indianapolis, Ind.|publisher=[[w:Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2015|section=part II (Antivirus Software Evasion)|page=148|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=wqV1CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA148|isbn=978-1-119-02875-8|passage=If you are interested in '''polyglot''' file formats, take a look at the '''polyglot''' web page in the Corkami wiki. There are various example '''polyglots''', including a PDF file that is also a valid HTML file with JavaScript, as well as a valid Windows PE executable.}}
## {{lb|en|programming}} A [[program#Noun|program]] [[write#Verb|written]] to be [[valid]] in multiple [[programming language]]s.
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A [[bird#Noun|bird]] able to [[imitate]] the [[sound#Noun|sounds]] of other birds.

====Alternative forms====
* {{l|en|polyglott}} {{qualifier|obsolete}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|en|hyperpolyglot}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|publication in several languages}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|polyglota|f}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|polyglot|m|f}}, {{t|nl|polyglotte|f}}
* French: {{t+|fr|polyglotte|f}} {{q|multilingual Bible}}
* German: {{t|de|Polyglotte|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|πολύγλωσσος|m}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|poliglota|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|полигло́тта|f}} {{q|multilingual Bible}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Roman: {{t|sh|višejezičnik|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|one who has mastered (especially when able to speak) several languages}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|poliglot|m}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|مَزِيج مِن اللُّغَات|m}}, {{t|ar|بُولِيجْلُوت|m|tr=būlīglūt}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|պոլիգլոտ}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|палігло́т|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|полигло́т|m}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|poliglot|m}}, {{t+|ca|poliglota|f}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|多語者|tr=duōyǔzhě}}, {{t|cmn|[[通]][[數]][[國語]][[文]][[的]][[人]]|tr=tōng shù guóyǔ wén de rén}}, {{t|cmn|[[通曉]][[數]][[種]][[語言]][[的]][[人]]|tr=tōngxiǎo shù zhǒng yǔyán de rén}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|polyglot|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|polyglot|m|f}}, {{t|nl|polyglotte|f}} {{qualifier|archaic}}, {{t+|nl|meertalige|m}}, {{t+|nl|talenkenner|m}}, {{t+|nl|veeltalige|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|poligloto}}, {{t|eo|plurlingvulo}}, {{t|eo|plurlingvano}}
* Estonian: {{t+|et|polüglott}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|fleirmælingur|m}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|polyglotti}}, {{t|fi|kielitaituri}}
* French: {{t+|fr|polyglotte|m|f}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|პოლიგლოტი}}
* German: {{t|de|Polyglotter|m}}, {{t|de|Polyglotte|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|γλωσσομαθής}}, {{t+|el|πολύγλωσσος|m}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|פּוֹלִיגְלוֹט|m|tr=poliglot}}, {{t|he|רב־לשוני|m|tr=rav-leshoní}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|भाषाविद्|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|poliglott}}, {{t|hu|[[többnyelvű]]/[[soknyelvű]] ([[ember]])}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|poligloto|m|f}}, {{t|io|poliglotulo|m}}, {{t|io|poliglotino|f}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|poliglot}}, {{t+|id|multibahasawan}}
* Interlingua: {{t|ia|polyglotto}}
* Italian: {{t|it|poliglotto|m}}, {{t+|it|poliglotta|m|f}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|ポリグロット|tr=porigurotto}}, {{t+|ja|多言語話者|tr=たげんごわしゃ, tagengo-washa}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|полиглот}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t|ky|полиглот}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|poliglots|m}}, {{t|lv|poliglote|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|poliglotas|m}}, {{t|lt|poliglotė|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|полигло́т|m}}
* Ossetian: {{t|os|полиглот}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|چندزبانه|tr=čandzabâne}}, {{t|fa|متکلم به چند زبان|tr=motekallem be čand zabân}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|poliglota|m-pr}}, {{t|pl|poliglotka|f-pr}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|poliglota|m|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|poliglot|m|n}}, {{t|ro|poliglotă|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|полигло́т|m}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|ioma-chànanach|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|полѝглот|m}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|polìglot|m}}
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|polyglot|m}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|poliglot|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|políglota|m|f}}, {{t+|es|poliglota|m|f}}
* Tamil: {{t|ta|பன்மொழியாளர்}}
* Thai: {{t-needed|th}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|полігло́т|m}}
* Vietnamese: {{t-needed|vi}}
* Volapük: {{t+|vo|polüglot|m|f}}, {{t|vo|hipolüglot|m}}, {{t|vo|jipolüglot|f}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|פּאָליגלאָט|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|mixture of languages or nomenclatures}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|file that can be interpreted validly as multiple formats}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|program written to be valid in multiple programming languages}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* Basque: {{t-check|eu|eleaskodun}}
* Esperanto: {{t-check|eo|poligloto}}
* German: {{t-check|de|Sprachenkundiger|m}}, {{t-check|de|Sprachenkundige|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+check|es|políglota|m}}
* Swedish: {{qualifier|1}} {{t-check|sv|[[flerspråkig]] [[person]]|c}},<!--was "[[flerspråkig]] [[person]]"--> {{qualifier|2}} {{t-check|sv|[[flerspråkig]] [[bok]]|c}},<!--was "[[flerspråkig]] [[bok]]" - assumed sum-of-parts; if an idiom, remove the embedded wikilinks to the individual words. see [[User:Kephir/gadgets/xte#Translation_fixing]]--> {{qualifier|1, 2}} {{t+check|sv|polyglott|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

===Further reading===
* {{pedia|multilingualism}}
* {{pedia|polyglot (book)}}
* {{pedia|polyglot (computing)}}
* {{pedia|polyglot (disambiguation)}}

{{C|en|People}}

==Czech==

===Pronunciation===
* {{cs-IPA}}

===Noun===
{{cs-noun|m-an}}

# {{sense|person}} a {{l|en|polyglot}}

====Declension====
{{cs-ndecl|m.an.nompli:ové}}

==Dutch==

===Etymology===
Borrowed from {{bor|nl|fr|polyglotte}}, from {{der|nl|grc|πολύγλωττος||many-tongued, polyglot}}, from {{m|grc|πολύς||many}} + {{m|grc|γλῶττα||tongue, language}} (Attic variant of {{l|grc|γλῶσσα}}).

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ˌpoː.liˈɣlɔt/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-polyglot.ogg}}
* {{hyph|nl|po|ly|glot}}
* {{rhymes|nl|ɔt}}

===Noun===
{{nl-noun|m|g2=f|-en|+|f=polyglotte}}

# a {{l|en|polyglot}}, one who has mastered several [[language]]s
# a [[publication]] with an original texts along with [[translation]]s in several languages; especially of a [[version]] of the [[Bible]]

====Alternative forms====
* {{alt|nl|polyglotte||polyglot publication|archaic in the other sense}}

====Synonyms====
{{sense|person; publication}}
* {{l|nl|meertalige}}
* {{l|nl|veeltalige}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|nl|polyglottisch}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|af|poliglot}}

===Adjective===
{{nl-adj|-}}

# {{lb|nl|rare}} {{l|en|polyglot}}
#: {{syn|nl|polyglottisch}}

====Declension====
{{nl-decl-adj|polyglotte|-}}