View source for para-

{{also|Appendix:Variations of "para"}}
==English==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|en|grc|παρα-|t=beside, next to}}.
{{root|en|ine-pro|*preh₂-}}

====Prefix====
{{en-prefix}}

# [[beside]],  [[alongside]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''site {{gloss|feed beside}}, '''para'''llel {{gloss|beside one another}}, '''para'''capsular {{gloss|alongside a capsule}}}}
#:# [[parallel]]
#:#: {{ux|en|'''para'''conformity {{gloss|parallel conformity}}, '''par'''axial {{gloss|parallel to the axis}}}}
# [[between]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''cellular {{gloss|between cells}}, '''para'''conule {{gloss|A conule located between a paracone and a metacone}}, '''para'''diploid {{gloss|intermediate between diploid and polyploid}}}}
# [[around]], [[surrounding]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''cortex {{gloss|surrounding the cortex}}, '''para'''diapophysis {{gloss|covering the diapophysis}}}}
#:# [[covering]]
#:#: {{ux|en|'''para'''colpitis {{gloss|(outer) covering of inflamed vagina}}}}
# [[adjacent]], [[next to]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''central {{gloss|adjacent to the center}}, '''para'''caval {{gloss|adjacent to the vena cava}}}}
# [[near]]
#: {{ux|en|'''par'''anal {{gloss|near the anus}}, '''par'''epididymis {{gloss|(body part) near the epididymis}}, '''par'''ethmoid {{gloss|near the ethmoid bone}}}}
# [[opposite]] of, [[on the far side]] of
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''cavernous {{gloss|On the far side of the cavernous sinus}}}}
# [[above]], [[over]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''ductal {{gloss|above the duct}}, '''para'''coronoid {{gloss|above the coronoid process}}, '''para'''condylar {{gloss|over the condyle}}}}
# [[across]], [[through]], [[throughout]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''cotylar {{gloss|[extending] across the cotyle}}, '''para'''esophageal {{gloss|across the esophagus}}, '''para'''cloacal {{gloss|through the cloaca}}, '''para'''costal {{gloss|through the ribs}}, '''para'''cerebral {{gloss|throughout the brain}}}}
# [[beyond]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''dox {{gloss|beyond expectation}}, '''para'''normal {{gloss|beyond normal}} '''para'''clival {{gloss|beyond the clivus}}}}
# [[abnormal]]
#: {{ux|en|'''par'''algesia {{gloss|abnormal sensitivity to pain}}}}
# [[incorrect]]
# [[false]]
#: '''para'''diorthosis {{gloss|false correction}}
# [[resembling]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''military {{gloss|resembling a military}}, '''par'''amylum {{gloss|resembling amylum (starch)}}}}
# [[unrecognized]], [[unauthorized]], or [[unsanctioned]]
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''state {{gloss|an unrecognized state}}, '''para'''baptism {{gloss|unauthorized baptism}}}}
# [[avoiding]] or [[avoidant]]
#: {{ux|en|'''par'''enteral {{gloss|avoiding the intestines}}, '''para'''consistent {{gloss|avoiding consistency}}}}
# {{lb|en|organic chemistry}} In [[isomeric]] [[benzene]] [[derivative]]s, having the two [[substituent]]s in [[opposite]] (1,4) positions (compare [[ortho-]] and [[meta-]])
#: {{syn|en|p-}}
# [[related]] or [[pertaining]] to
#: {{ux|en|'''para'''clinical {{gloss|relating to things not purely clinical}}, '''para'''bigeminal {{gloss|related to a pair of organs}}, '''para'''bicanonical {{gloss|pertaining to a linear system of divisors equivalent to a bicanonical divisor}}, '''para'''complex {{gloss|pertaining to all metric spaces and all CW-complexes}}}}
# [[affecting]] or [[concerning]] lower body
#: {{ux|en|'''par'''anesthesia {{gloss| affecting both sides of the lower body}}, '''para'''ballism {{gloss|ballism affecting both legs}}}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|between}} {{l|en|inter-}}, {{l|en|dia-}}
* {{sense|around}} {{l|en|peri-}}, {{l|en|circum-}}
* {{sense|adjacent}} {{l|en|juxta-}}
* {{sense|near}} {{l|en|juxta-}}, {{l|en|peri-}}
* {{sense|on the far side of}} {{l|en|trans-}}
* {{sense|above}} {{l|en|epi-}}, {{l|en|super-}}, {{l|en|supra-}}, {{l|en|hyper-}}
* {{sense|across}} {{l|en|trans-}}, {{l|en|dia-}}, {{l|en|per-}}
* {{sense|beyond}} {{l|en|trans-}}, {{l|en|hyper-}}, {{l|en|ultra-}}, {{l|en|out-}}, {{l|en|extra-}}, {{l|en|preter-}}
* {{sense|incorrect}} {{l|en|mis-}}, {{l|en|mal-}}
* {{sense|false}} {{l|en|pseudo-}}, {{l|en|mis-}}
* {{sense|resembling}} {{l|en|quasi-}}, {{l|en|-oid}}, {{l|en|-form}}/{{l|en|-iform}}, {{l|en|-esque}}, {{l|en|-ish}}, {{l|en|-ly}}, {{l|en|-some}}, {{l|en|-y}}, {{lb|en|restricted to casual registers}} {{l|en|-ass|id=resembling}}, {{qualifier|forms adjectives from nouns only}} {{l|en|-like}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{rel-top}}
{{col4|en|title=terms derived from [[παρά]] (beside, abnormal, resembling, chem.)
|P-
|parabola
|paradigm
|paradox
|parallel
|parallelogram
|paramedic
|paramilitary
|parasite
|paratext
|paravirtualization
}}
{{rel-bottom}}
<!-- very many to be added. DO NOT add terms that are derived from the senses below! -->

{{col4|en|title=terms derived from [[παρά]] (above, beyond)
|paranormal
|parapsychology
|parabiology
}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|above, beyond}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|παρα-}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|超|tr=ちょう, chō}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|초(超)-}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|پیرا|tr=pirâ-}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|para-}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|having substituents on benzene rings on opposite carbon atoms}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|para-}}
* Danish: {{t|da|para-}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|en|fr|para-}}, from {{der|en|it|para-}}, from {{m|it|para}}, imperative of {{m|it|parare|t=to defend, shield, shroud}}, from {{der|en|la|parō|t=I prepare}}.

====Prefix====
{{en-prefix}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete|not productive}} to [[guard]] against, to [[avert]], to [[shield]] from; to provide [[protection]] against, [[defence]] from

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|para-bore}} {{lb|en|jest|nonce}}, protection against [[bore#Noun|bore]]s<ref>{{R:OED2|title=para-}}</ref>
* {{l|en|paragrandine}}
* {{l|en|paravane}}

=====Related terms=====
{{col3|en|title=terms related to ''para-'', but not formed in English
|parachute
|parados
|paragrele
|parapet
|parasol
|paravent
}}

===Etymology 3===
From {{m|en|parachute}}.

====Prefix====
{{en-prefix}}

# [[parachute]].

=====Derived terms=====
{{col4|en|title=terms derived from para- (parachute)
|parabrake
|<!--*[[parachutist]]: from "parachute, not from "para-"-->
|paracord
|paradiver
|paradoctor
|paradrop
|parafoil
|parafrag bomb
|paraglider
|parajump
|parajute<!--sic-->
|parakiting
|parapants
|paraplane
|parasheet
|paraski
|<!--*[[parasol]]: not from "para-" meaning "parachute"-->
|paraspotter
|paratrooper
}}

===Etymology 4===
From {{m|en|Paralympic}}.

====Prefix====
{{en-prefix}}

# disability sport

=====Derived terms=====
{{col3|en|title=Paralympic sport
|para-archery
|[[paracanoe]] / [[para-canoe]]
|[[paracycling]] / [[para-cycling]]
|[[para-athlete]] / [[parathlete]]
|[[Paralympian]] / [[Paralympiad]] / [[Paralympics]] / [[Paralympic Games]]
|[[parasport]] / [[parasports]] / [[para-sport]] / [[para-sports]]
|[[paratriathlon]]
|[[paraskiing]] / [[para nordic skiing]]
}}

===See also===
{{prefixsee|en}}

===References===
<references/>

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=aapr|paar|Raap|ARPA|apar|ARAP|Rapa|AARP|Paar|APAR}}

==Bikol Central==

===Pronunciation===
* {{bcl-IPA}}
* {{hyph|bcl|pa|ra}}

===Prefix===
{{bcl-head|prefix|b=+}}

# {{n-g|used in naming any professions}}

==French==

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|fr|grc|παρα-|t=beside}}.

====Prefix====
{{fr-prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-}} {{q|all senses}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|fr|para-hockey sur glace}}

===Etymology 2===
Via {{der|fr|it|para-}}, from {{m|it|parare}}, from {{der|fr|la|parō|t=to shield}}.

====Prefix====
{{fr-prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-|gloss=guarding against}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{l|fr|garde-}} (e.g. {{l|fr|garde-boue}}, {{l|fr|garde-bras}})
* {{l|fr|pare-}} (e.g. {{l|fr|pare-chocs}}, {{l|fr|pare-soleil}})

===Etymology 3===
From {{m|fr|paralympique||Paralympic}}.

====Prefix====
{{fr-prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-||disability sport}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{der3|fr|
|paranatation
|paracyclisme
}}

==Ido==

===Etymology===
{{io-bor|para-|para-||para-||para-}} {{progreso|105|vol=3|p=465}}

===Pronunciation===
{{io-IPA}}

===Prefix===
{{head|io|prefix}}

# {{non-gloss|prefix denoting protection against, something to ward off}}
#: {{prefixusex|io|pluvo|t1=rain|parapluvo|t2=umbrella}}
#: {{prefixusex|io|moskito|t1=mosquito|paramoskito|t2=mosquito net}}

====Derived terms====
{{prefixsee|io}}

===References===
* {{R:io:Progreso|3|p=169|p2=465}}

==Irish==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|ga|parai-||before a slender consonant}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|ga|grc|παρα-}}.

===Prefix===
{{head|ga|prefix}}

# [[#English|para-]]

====Derived terms====
{{prefixsee|ga}}

===Mutation===
{{ga-mut}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:ga:Ó Dónaill|para(i)-}}

==Italian==

===Etymology===
From {{der|it|grc|παρα-}}.

===Prefix===
{{head|it|prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-}} (all senses)

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=aapr|apar|apra|arpa|rapa}}

==Polish==

===Etymology===
{{lbor|pl|grc|παρα-}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|a=LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-para-.wav|hh=para,Para}}

===Prefix===
{{head|pl|prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-}} {{gl|resembling}}

====Derived terms====
{{prefixsee|pl}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:PWN}}

==Serbo-Croatian==

===Etymology===
From {{der|sh|grc|παρα-}}.

===Prefix===
{{head|sh|prefix|sc=Latn|Cyrillic spelling|пара-}}

# {{l|en|para-|Para-}}.
#: {{prefixusex|sh|nàuka|t1=science|paranauka|alt2='''para'''nauka|t2='''para'''science}}
#: {{prefixusex|sh|nȍrmālno|t1=normally|paranormalno|alt2='''para'''normalno|t2='''para'''normal}}

====References====
<references/>

==Spanish==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|es|grc|παρα-}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr}}

===Prefix===
{{head|es|prefix}}

# {{l|en|para-}}

====Derived terms====
* {{prefixsee|es}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:es:DRAE}}

==Welsh==

===Etymology===
See {{bor|cy|en|para-}}, from {{der|cy|grc|παρα-}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|cy|/ˌpara/}}

===Prefix===
{{head|cy|prefix}}

# [[para-]]
#: {{prefixusex|cy|meddyg|t1=doctor|parafeddyg|t2=paramedic}}
#: {{prefixusex|cy|normal|t1=normal|paranormal|t2=paranormal}}
#: {{prefixusex|cy|ymatebol|t1=responsive, reactive|paraymatebol|t2=parasympathetic}}

====Derived terms====
{{prefixsee|cy}}

===Mutation===
{{cy-mut}}

===References===
{{R:cy:GPC}}