View source for bung

{{also|bụng}}
==English==
{{rfquote|en}}
[[File:Wooden bung stoppers.jpg|right|thumb|Wooden '''bungs''' for wine barrels]]

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈbʌŋ/}}
* {{audio|en|En-au-bung.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|ʌŋ|s=1}}

===Etymology 1===
From Medieval {{der|en|nl|bonge}}, {{m|nl|bonne}} or {{m|nl|bonghe||stopper}}, or perhaps from {{der|en|fr|bonde}}, which may itself be either of {{cog|gem}} origin or from {{cog|cel-pro|*bunda}}—either way probably from {{m|la|puncta||hole}}, the feminine singular form of {{der|en|la|punctus}}, perfect passive participle of {{m|la|pungō||pierce into, prick}}.

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# A [[stopper]], alternative to a [[cork]], often made of [[rubber]], used to prevent fluid passing through the neck of a [[bottle]], vat, a hole in a [[vessel]] etc.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1996|author=Dudley Pope|title=Life in Nelson's Navy
|passage=With the heavy seas trying to broach the boat they baled — and eventually found someone had forgotten to put the '''bung''' in.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2008|author=Christine Carroll|title=The Senator's Daughter
|passage=Andre pulled the '''bung''' from the top of a barrel, applied a glass tube with a suction device, and withdrew a pale, almost greenish liquid.}}
# The [[cecum]] or [[anus]], especially of a [[slaughter animal]].
# {{lb|en|slang}} The human anus.
# {{lb|en|slang}} A [[bribe]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=December 21, 2006|author=Leader| title=Poorly tackled| work=the Guardian| url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2006/dec/21/comment.football?INTCMP=SRCH| passage=It is almost a year since Luton Town's manager, Mike Newell, decided that whistle-blowing was no longer the preserve of referees and went public about illegal '''bungs'''.}}
#* {{quote-journal|date=26-4-2021|en|author=Corinna Norrick-Rühl; Christian Alexander Peter; Lena Schüler|pages=241–254|volume=37|work=Publishing Research Quarterly|doi=10.1007/s12109-021-09804-x|title=“Pay to Play” in the German Book Trade?|passage=Is this a case of mere ‘'''bungs'''’ (a form of bribery) at play in the book trade, a success bought with massive advertising effort and distribution through the author’s drugstore chain?}}
# The orifice in the bilge of a cask through which it is filled; [[bunghole]].
# {{lb|en|obsolete|slang}} A [[sharper]] or [[pickpocket]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Henry 4-2|II|iv|passage=You filthy '''bung''', away.}}
# {{lb|en|UK|slang|obsolete}} The [[landlord]] of a [[public house]].
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1878|journal=Fun|volume=27-28|page=11
|passage="Well, sir, I haven't got one," said the landlord, "or you should have it directly." {{...}} "''Could'' you oblige me with such a thing as a postage stamp?" "No," said the '''Bung'''; "don't keep 'em!"}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|bungstarter|bung-hole|on the bung}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|stopper}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|канелка|f}}, {{t+|bg|запушалка|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|zátka|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tulppa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|bonde|m}}, {{t+|fr|bondon|m}}, {{t+|fr|bouchon|m}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|zapa|f}}, {{t|gl|zapón|m}}, {{t+|gl|tapón|m}}, {{t+|gl|baldón|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Stöpsel|m}}, {{t+|de|Korken|m}}
* Greek:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|βύσμα|n}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|чеп|m}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|puru}}, {{t|mi|pangu}}, {{t|mi|kōremu}}, {{t|mi|kāremu}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|spuns|n}} {{qualifier|for barrels}}, {{t+|nb|kork|m}} {{qualifier|for bottles}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|قپاق|tr=kapak}}, {{t|ota|مانطار|tr=mantar}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|szpunt|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|batoque|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|пробка}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|tapón|m}}, {{t+|es|corcho|m}}
* Swahili: {{t|sw|kizibo}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|kork|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|cecum or anus of a slaughter animal}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|bribe}}

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[plug]], as with a bung.
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1810|title=Agricultural Surveys: Worcester (1810)
|passage=It has not yet been ascertained, which is the precise time when it becomes indispensable to '''bung''' the cider. The best, I believe, that can be done, is to seize the critical moment which precedes the formation of a pellicle on the surface...}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2006|author=A. G. Payne|title=Cassell's Shilling Cookery
|passage=Put the wine into a cask, cover up the bung-hole to keep out the dust, and when the hissing sound ceases, '''bung''' the hole closely, and leave the wine untouched for twelve months.}}
# {{lb|en|UK|Australian|transitive|informal}} To [[put]] or [[throw]] something without care; to [[chuck]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Stanley Booth|quotee=w:Keith Richards|title=Keith|year=1996|publisher=St. Martin's Publishing Group|url=https://books.google.es/books?id=1UMMR8-GN9oC&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&lpg=PT52&dq=&hl=&pg=PT52#v=onepage&q&f=false||isbn=978-1-4668-1377-9|passage=Of course, the weird thing is that he found Marianne Faithfull at the same time and '''bunged''' it onto her, and it was a fucking hit, so already we're songwriters.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2004|author=Bob Ashley|title=Food and cultural studies|passage=And to sustain us while we watch or read, we go to the freezer, take out a frozen pizza, '''bung''' it in the microwave and make do.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[batter]], [[bruise]]; to cause to [[bulge]] or [[swell]].
#* {{RQ:Dickens Dombey and Son|passage=[T]he Chicken had been tapped, and '''bunged''', and had received pepper, and had been made groggy, and had come up piping, and had endured a complication of similar strange inconveniences, until he had been gone into and finished.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To pass a [[bribe]] to (someone).

=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|rebung|unbung|bung it on|bung on|bung out|bung up}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to plug}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|запушвам}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tulpata}}
* French: {{t+|fr|boucher}}, {{t+|fr|bondonner}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|zapar}}, {{t+|gl|tapar}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|puru}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|закупоривать|impf}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to heave}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|nakata}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to batter}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|antaa turpaan}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|поставить синяк|pf}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to pass a bribe}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|подкупвам}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|lahjoa}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
Borrowed from {{bor|en|yxg|bang||dead}}.

====Adjective====
{{en-adj|-}}

# {{lb|en|Australia|NZ|slang}} [[broken|Broken]], not in working order.
#* '''1922''', [[w:Apsley Cherry-Garrard|Apsley Cherry-Garrard]], Karen Oslund (introduction), ''[[w:The Worst Journey in the World|The Worst Journey in the World]]'', 2004, [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=zDFJS1jCpB8C&pg=PA365&dq=%22gone+bung%22+-intitle:%22bung%22+-inauthor:%22bung%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iTQUT_CdGsmWiQfn7NFD&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22gone%20bung%22%20-intitle%3A%22bung%22%20-inauthor%3A%22bung%22&f=false page 365],
#*: The evening we reached the glacier Bowers<sup><nowiki>[</nowiki>[[w:Henry Robertson Bowers|Henry Robertson Bowers]]<nowiki>]</nowiki></sup> wrote:
#*: {{...}}My right eye has gone '''bung''', and my left one is pretty dicky.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1953|author=w:Eric Linklater|title=A Year of Space|pageurl=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=HPNaAAAAMAAJ&q=%22gone+bung%22+-intitle:%22bung%22+-inauthor:%22bung%22&dq=%22gone+bung%22+-intitle:%22bung%22+-inauthor:%22bung%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hD0UT_D7Ge7umAWdg4H_CQ&redir_esc=y|page=206
|passage=‘Morning Mrs. Weissnicht. I′ve just heard as how your washing-machine′s gone '''bung'''.’}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1997|author=Lin Van Hek|title=The Ballad of Siddy Church|pageurl=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=qIkAp2UelAIC&pg=PA219&dq=%22gone+bung%22+-intitle:%22bung%22+-inauthor:%22bung%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iTQUT_CdGsmWiQfn7NFD&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22gone%20bung%22%20-intitle%3A%22bung%22%20-inauthor%3A%22bung%22&f=false|page=219
|passage=It′s the signal box, the main switchboard, that′s gone '''bung'''!}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2006|author=Pip Wilson|title=Faces in the Street: Louisa and Henry Lawson and the Castlereagh Street Push|pageurl=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=NcO7t8G-yQ8C&pg=PA9&dq=%22gone+bung%22+-intitle:%22bung%22+-inauthor:%22bung%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=iTQUT_CdGsmWiQfn7NFD&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22gone%20bung%22%20-intitle%3A%22bung%22%20-inauthor%3A%22bung%22&f=false|page=9
|passage=Henry had said, “Half a million bloomin′ acres. A quarter of a million blanky sheep shorn a year, and they can′t keep on two blokes. It′s not because wer′e union, mate. It′s because we′re newchums. Something′s gone '''bung''' with this country.”}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|bung eye}}
*{{l|en|bung-full}}
* {{l|en|go bung}}

===Etymology 3===
From {{m|en|bouget||wallet, purse or bag}},<!-- per Barrere --> from {{der|en|enm|bogett}}, {{m|enm|bouget}}, {{m|enm|bowgette||leather pouch}}, from {{der|en|fro|bougette}}, diminutive of {{m|fro|bouge||leather bag, wallet}}, from {{der|en|LL.|bulga||wallet, purse}}, from {{der|en|cel-gau|bolgā}}, from {{der|en|cel-pro|*bolgos||sack, bag, stomach}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰólǵʰ-os||skin bag, bolster}}, from {{m|ine-pro|*bʰelǵʰ-||to swell}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{l|en|bong}}, {{l|en|bonge}}, {{l|en|boung}}, {{l|en|bounge}}

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete|UK|thieves' cant}} A [[purse]].
#* '''1592''', {{w|Robert Green}}, ''The Thirde & Last Part of Conny-catching'', Bodleian Library (Malone 575), London: John Lane. Reprinted in '''1923''', Harrison, G. B. (ed.), The Bodley Head Quartos III, Plainstow, Great Britain: Curwen Press, p. 22
#*: Oft thsi crew of mates met together, and said there was no hope of nipping the '''boung''' because he held open his gowne so wide, and walked in such an open place.
#* {{quote-book
|en
|year=1611
|year_published=1885
|author=w:Thomas Middleton
|editor=Arthur Henry Bullen
|chapter=w:The Roaring Girl
|title=The Works of Thomas Middleton
|volume=4
|pages=128–129
|section=act 5, scene 1
|url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924013133420
|passage=Ben mort, shall you and I heave a bough, mill a ken, or nip a '''bung''', and then we'll couch a hogshead under the ruffmans, and there you shall wap with me, and I'll niggle with you.
}}

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|bung-nipper||pickpocket}}

===References===
* {{R:Online Etymology Dictionary}}
* {{R:Websters}}
* ''Australian National Dictionary'', 1988
* ''Macquarie Dictionary'', Second edition, 1991
* ''Macquarie Slang Dictionary'', Revised edition, 2000
* {{R:Barrere|volume=1|page=117}}
* {{R:Farmer|volume=1|page=383}}
* {{R:Greens|id=n76l3hi|pos=v|sense=1}}

{{C|en|Containers}}

==Albanian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|sq|sqj-pro|*bunga}}, of {{unc|sq|nocap=1}} origin: {{rfv-etym|sq}}
* {{der|sq|ine-pro||*bʰeh₂ǵnos}}, nasalized variant of {{m|ine-pro|*bʰeh₂ǵos||beech}};
* earlier {{m+|sqj-pro|*bunka}}, from {{m|ine-pro||*bʰeu-n-ik-o-}}, from {{m+|ine-pro|*bʰuH-|*bʰew(H)-|to grow}};
* {{m+|ine-pro|*bʰenǵʰ-|*bʰn̥ǵʰ-|to swell, be thick}} with a shift in meaning such as to “grow tall” (compare {{cog|sa|बंहते|t=to grow}}) or “thick trunk”.
All of the above are problematic. Compare {{cog|nl|bonk||clump, lump}} and {{cog|de|Bunge||swelling, lump; tuber}} in the latter two cases.

===Noun===
{{sq-noun|m|bungje|bungu|bungjet}}

# [[sessile oak]] ({{taxfmt|Quercus petraea|species}})

====Hypernyms====
* {{l|sq|dushk}}

====Coordinate terms====
* {{l|sq|ilqe}}, {{l|sq|lis}}, {{l|sq|qarr}}, {{l|sq|shpardh}}

{{topics|sq|Oaks}}

==Indonesian==

===Noun===
{{id-noun}}

# A [[father figure]], [[figurative]] [[father]].
#: {{ux|id|'''Bung''' Karno|Father {{w|Sukarno}}|inline=y}}
# {{lb|id|colloquial|used in the vocative}} {{non-gloss|A term of [[address#Noun|address]] for someone, typically a [[man]]; A [[dude]], [[fella]], [[mac]]}}
# {{lb|id||informal}} {{non-gloss|Used to address a man whose name is unknown.}}

====See also====
* {{l|id|abang}}
* {{l|id|ayah|gloss=birth father}}
* {{l|id|kawan}}
* {{l|id|pak}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:KBBI Daring}}

==Malay==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ms|/boŋ/|a=Johor-Selangor}}
* {{IPA|ms|/bʊŋ/|a=Riau-Lingga}}
* {{rhymes|ms|oŋ}}

===Noun===
{{head|ms|noun}}

# [[brother]] (older male sibling)

====Synonyms====
* {{l|ms|abang}} ({{l|ms|bang}})
* {{l|ms|kakak}}
* {{l|ms|engko}}
* {{l|ms|nana}}
* {{l|ms|uda}}

{{C|ms|Family}}

==Palauan==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|pau|/buŋ/}}

===Etymology 1===
From Pre-Palauan ''*buŋa'', from {{inh|pau|poz-pro|*buŋa}}. Cognate with {{cog|ms|bunga}}, {{cog|tl|bunga}}.

====Noun====
{{head|pau|noun}}

# [[flower]]

=====Inflection=====
{{pau-pos|bung|bng|a}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{bor|pau|ja|分|tr=fun|t=minute}}.

====Noun====
{{head|pau|noun}}

# [[minute]]

===References===
* {{R:pau:PLD}}

==Tày==

===Pronunciation===
* {{tyz-IPA}}

===Noun===
{{cls|tyz|ăn}} {{tyz-noun}}

# a type of [[slat]]ted [[basket]]s to carry [[clothes]] and [[book]]s
#: {{syn|tyz|choóng}}

===References===
* {{Template:R:Tày-Annamite-Français}}

{{C|tyz|Containers}}

==Tok Pisin==

===Etymology===
{{rfe|tpi}}

===Verb===
{{head|tpi|verb|}}

# To [[gather]], [[meet]]
#* {{RQ:Buk Baibel|Jenesis|1|9|passage=Bihain God i tok olsem, “Wara i stap aninit long skai i mas i go '''bung''' long wanpela hap tasol, bai ples drai i kamap.” Orait ples drai i kamap.}}

====Derived terms====
* [[bungim]]
* [[bungples]]

==Vietnamese==

===Etymology===
Compare {{m|vi|bùng}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{vi-IPA}}

===Verb===
{{vi-verb}}

# to [[swell]] from inside out
# to [[burst]]
# {{lb|vi|Central Vietnam}} to [[steam]], to [[simmer]]
#: {{syn|vi|hầm|ninh}}

====Derived terms====
{{vi-der|nở bung|bung lụa}}

{{c|vi|Cooking}}