View source for acute

{{also|acuté}}
==English==
{{was wotd|2018|October|9}}
{{multiple images
|direction = vertical
|image1 = Eremophila abietina.jpg
|caption1 = The [[corolla]]s of the {{vern|spotted poverty bush}} ({{taxlink|Eremophila abietina|species}}) have acute [[lobe]]s ({{senseno|en|botany}})
|image2 = Positive angle.svg
|caption2 = An [[angle#Noun|angle]] of 45 [[degree]]s is an acute angle ({{senseno|en|angle}})
|image3 = Triangle.Acute.svg
|caption3 = All the [[internal]] angles of an acute [[triangle]] ({{senseno|en|triangle}}) measure less than 90 degrees
}}

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*h₂eḱ-}} {{dercat|en|itc-pro}}
From Late {{inh|en|enm|acute||of a disease or fever: starting suddenly and lasting for a short time; of a humour: irritating, sharp}}, from {{der|en|la|acūta}},<ref>{{R:MED Online|entry=acūte|part of speech=adj|id=MED434|accessdate=2 June 2018}}</ref> from {{m|la|acūtus||sharp, sharpened}}, {{glossary|perfect}} {{glossary|passive}} {{glossary|participle}} of {{m|la|acuō||to make pointed, sharpen, whet}}, from {{m|la|acus||needle, pin}}.<ref>{{R:Lexico}}</ref> The word is cognate to {{doublet|en|ague|t1=acute, intermittent fever|notext=1}}.

As regards the noun, which is derived from the verb, compare {{cog|enm|acūte||severe but short-lived fever; of blood: corrosiveness, sharpness; musical note of high pitch}}.<ref>{{R:MED Online|entry=acūte|part of speech=n|id=MED433|accessdate=2 June 2018}}</ref>

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/əˈkjuːt/|a=RP}}
* {{enPR|ə-kyo͞ot′|a=GA}}, {{IPA|en|/əˈkjut/}}
* {{audio|en|en-us-acute.ogg|a=GA}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-acute.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{audio|en|en-au-acute.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|uːt|s=2}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|er|more}}

# [[brief#Adjective|Brief]], [[quick#Adjective|quick]], [[short#Adjective|short]].
#: {{synonyms|en|fast|rapid}}
#: {{antonyms|en|leisurely|slow}}
#: {{ux|en|It was an '''acute''' event.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=Philip J. Bushnell|title=Solvents, Ethanol, Car Crashes & Tolerance: How Risky is Inhalation of Organic Solvents?| url=https://www.americanscientist.org/article/solvents-ethanol-car-crashes-tolerance| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619032433/http://www.americanscientist.org:80/issues/feature/2013/4/solvents-ethanol-car-crashes-amp-tolerance/1| archivedate=19 June 2013| magazine=w:American Scientist| location=Research Triangle Park, N.C.| publisher=w:Sigma Xi| month=July-August| year=2013| issn=0003-0996| oclc=231015383| passage=Surprisingly, this analysis revealed that '''acute''' exposure to solvent vapors at concentrations below those associated with long-term effects appears to increase the risk of a fatal automobile accident. Furthermore, this increase in risk is comparable to the risk of death from leukemia after long-term exposure to benzene, another solvent, which has the well-known property of causing this type of cancer.}}
# [[high#Adjective|High]] or [[shrill]].
#: {{antonyms|en|grave}}
#: {{co|en|an '''acute''' accent or tone}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=“a Lover of the Mathematicks” [pseudonym; Nathaniel Whittemore?]| chapter=Part II. New Paradoxes Solved.| title=A Mathematical Miscellany, in Four Parts.<!--{{nb...|I. An Essay towards the Probable Solution of the Forty-five Surprizing Paradoxes in [Patrick] Gordon’s Geography. II. Fifty-five New and Amazing Paradoxes, some in Verse, some in Prose, with Their Solutions. III. An Algebraical Solution to the Hundred Arithmetical and Geometrical Problems, Left Unanswered in [John] Hill’s Arithmetick, and [Johannes] Alexander’s Algebra: In the Solution of which, the Young Algebraist will Find such a Variety of Examples, Performed after so Concise and Plain a Method, as will Enable Him to Comprehend the Most Abstruse Parts of that Sublime Science. IV. Miscellaneous Rules about Forming Ænigmas, Questions, the Doctrine of Eclipses, of Pendulums, the Equation of Time, concerning Easter, &c.}}-->| location=London| publisher=Printed for M. Cooper,{{nb...|at the Globe, in Pater-Noster-Row.}}| year=1751| section=paradox 61, stanza III| page=53| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=7-s2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA53| oclc=931756039| passage=The nimble Fly's Wings quicker were / Than those of her Competitor [a bee], / As may by this appear; / For an '''acuter''' Tone they made, / And in a ſharper Key they play'd, / (Which made the matter clear.)}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:William C. Larrabee| chapter=Lecture X. Evidences of Design from the Structure and Adaptations of the External Senses.| editor=[[w:Benjamin Franklin Tefft|B[enjamin] F[ranklin] Tefft]]| title=Lectures on the Scientific Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion| location=Cincinnati, Oh.| publisher=Published by L. Swormstedt & J. H. Power, for the {{w|Methodist Episcopal Church}},{{nb...|at the Western Book Concern, corner of Main and Eighth Streets.}}; R. P. Thompson, printer| year=1851| section=paragraph 233| page=177| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=R5o5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA177| oclc=4596096| passage=The acuteness of sound in stringed instruments depends on three circumstances—length, thickness, and tension. The shorter, smaller, and tighter a string, the more '''acute''' the sound. {{...}} In the violin, when you desire an '''acute''' sound, you tighten the string. When you wish a loud sound, you draw the bow over the strings heavily.}}
# [[intense|Intense]]; [[sensitive]]; [[sharp#Adjective|sharp]].
#: {{synonyms|en|keen|powerful|strong|peracute}}
#: {{antonyms|en|dull|obtuse|slow|witless}}
#: {{ux|en|She had an '''acute''' sense of honour}}
#: {{ux|en|Eagles have very '''acute''' vision.}}
#* {{RQ:Austen Pride and Prejudice|volume=III|chapter=II|pages=37–38| pageref=38| passage=Miss Darcy was tall, and on a larger scale than Elizabeth; and, though little more than sixteen, her figure was formed, and her appearance womanly and graceful. She was less handsome than her brother; but there was sense and good humour in her face, and her manners were perfectly unassuming and gentle. Elizabeth, who had expected to find in her as '''acute''' and unembarrassed an observer as ever Mr. Darcy had been, was much relieved by discerning such different feelings.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Fyodor Dostoevsky| tlr=w:Constance Garnett| chapter=Elders| title=w:The Brothers Karamazov| series=Novels of Fyodor Dostoevsky| seriesvolume=1| location=London| publisher=[[w:Heinemann (publisher)|W[illiam] Heinemann]]| year=1912| oclc=5234211| title2=The Brothers Karamazov| location2=New York, N.Y.| publisher2=w:Modern Library| year2=[1943]| page2=32| pageurl2=https://archive.org/details/brotherskaramaz00dost/page/32| oclc2=3216382| passage=It was at this time that the discord between Dmitri and his father seemed at its '''acutest''' stage and their relations had become insufferably strained.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:Thomas Keneally| title=Shame and the Captives|location=North Sydney, N.S.W.| publisher=[[w:Random House|Random House Australia]]| year=2013| isbn=978-0-85798-099-1| edition2=1st Atria Books hardcover| location2=New York, N.Y.| publisher2=[[w:Atria Publishing Group|Atria]]| year2=2015| page2=87| pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWZOBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA87| isbn2=978-1-4767-3464-4| passage=Then, at three, for Neville's sake and for the sake of her marriage as undernourished and spectral as it had been rendered by absence, its substance being all in the future, and an honest hope of hearing some news or of extending solace to other women, not least those with children, who seemed each to have an '''acuter''' sense of the man she was missing than Alice had of Neville, she attended the Friday meeting for wives and mothers of prisoners of war at the School of the Arts.}}
# [[urgent|Urgent]].
#: {{synonyms|en|emergent|pressing|sudden}}
#: {{ux|en|His need for medical attention was '''acute'''.}}
#* {{RQ:Melville Moby-Dick|chapter=The Chase—First Day|page=601|passage={{...}} Ahab rapidly ordered the ship's course to be slightly altered, and the sail to be shortened. The '''acute''' policy dictating these movements was sufficiently vindicated at daybreak, by the sight of a long sleek on the sea directly and lengthwise ahead, smooth as oil, and resembling in the pleated watery wrinkles bordering it, the polished metallic-like marks of some swift tide-rip, at the mouth of a deep, rapid stream.}}
# {{senseid|en|botany}} {{lb|en|botany}} With the [[side#Noun|sides]] [[meet#Verb|meeting]] directly to form an acute angle (at an [[apex]] or [[base]]).
#: {{antonyms|en|obtuse|subacute}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:Robert Chinnock|R[obert] J[ames] Chinnock]]|chapter=Taxonomic Treatment of the Family Myoporaceae R. Br.| title=Eremophila and Allied Genera: A Monograph of the Plant Family Myoporaceae| location=Dural Delivery Centre, N.S.W.| publisher=Rosenberg Publishing| date=24 April 2007| section=section XXV (''Eremophila'' sec. ''Pulchrisepalae'' (12 spp.))| page=622| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=5iZlQOKoEjoC&pg=PA622| isbn=978-1-877058-16-5| passage=204. ''Eremophila abietina'' {{...}} ''Corolla'' 23–35 mm long, cream or very pale lilac, lobes faintly metallic bluish green or lilac, tube occasionally brownish, prominently purple spotted; outer and inner surfaces glandular-pubescent; lobes '''acute''', lobe of lower lip strongly reflexed.}}
# {{senseid|en|angle}} {{lb|en|geometry|of an [[angle]]}} Less than 90 [[degree]]s.
#: {{antonyms|en|obtuse}}
#: {{ux|en|The teacher pointed out the '''acute''' angle.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=[[w:John Hall Gladstone|J[ohn] H[all] Gladstone]]| title=On Chlorophosphuret of Nitrogen and Its Products of Decomposition| editor=[[w:Henry Watts (chemist)|Henry Watts]]| journal=[[w:Journal of the Chemical Society|The Quarterly Journal of the Chemical Society of London]]| location=London| publisher=Hippolyte Bailliere,{{nb...|219, Regent Street, and 169, Fulton Street, New-York, U.S.; Paris: J. B. Baillière, rue Hautefeuille; Madrid: Bailly Baillière, Calle del Principe}}| date=30 March 1850| year_published=1851| volume=III| issue=X| section=part I| page=138| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=q7pLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA138| oclc=848175490| passage=Chlorophosphuret of nitrogen (at ordinary temperatures) is a solid crystalline body. {{...}} The form of the crystals, as obtained by sublimation, is that of a rhomboid, of which the obtuse angle measures 131° or 132°, the '''acute''' 48° or 49°: the '''acute''' angle of this rhomboid, either at one or both ends, is often truncated, when of course the angle formed is about 114°: the hexagonal prism is also found.}}
# {{senseid|en|triangle}} {{lb|en|geometry|of a [[triangle]]}} Having all three [[interior#Adjective|interior]] angles [[measure#Verb|measuring]] less than 90 degrees.
#: {{synonyms|en|acute-angled}}
#: {{antonyms|en|obtuse|obtuse-angled}}
#: {{co|en|an '''acute''' triangle}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Joen Wolfrom|chapter=The Fascination of Shapes|title=The Visual Dance: Creating Spectacular Quilts| location=Lafayette, Calif.|publisher=w:C&T Publishing| year=1997| isbn=978-0-914881-93-3| location2=Lafayette, Calif.| publisher2=C&T Publishing| year2=2009| page2=39| pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=dumftL5mQMkC&pg=PA39| isbn2=978-1-57120-523-0| passage=In order to be an '''acute''' triangle, all three angles of a triangle must be ''less'' than 90°. These triangles can have very prickly personalities. So, if you want to create images of porcupines, rugged mountains, or narrow pine trees in your geometric design, you may best do it by using '''acute''' triangles{{nb...}}. The most commonly used '''acute''' triangle in quiltmaking is the equilateral triangle{{nb...}}. All three of its angles are 60°.}}
# {{lb|en|linguistics|chiefly|historical}} Of an [[accent#Noun|accent]] or [[tone#Noun|tone]]: generally [[high#Adjective|higher]] than others.
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:William Mitford| chapter=Section IV. Of Tones or Accents, and Emphasis in English Speech, and of Their Connection with the Time or Quantity of Syllables.| title=An Inquiry into the Principles of Harmony in Language, and of the Mechanism of Verse, Modern and Antient| edition=2nd| location=London| publisher=Printed by {{w|Luke Hansard}},{{nb...|near Lincoln's-Inn Fields}}, for [[w:Thomas Cadell (publisher)|T[homas] Cadell]] and W[illiam] Davies,{{nb...|in the Strand.}}| year=1804| pages=57–58| pageurl=https://archive.org/details/inquiryintoprinc00mitfiala/page/58| oclc=156111119| passage=Let this [the word ''alalal''] be ſpoken as an Engliſh word, with the ſtrong accent on either ſyllable, or, on each, in repeating the word; and, no change of articulation diſturbing the ear, it will be abundantly evident that, with ordinary Engliſh pronunciation, the {{smallcaps|strengthened syllable}} has always the {{smallcaps|'''acuter''' tone}}, or, in muſical phraſe, the higher note.}}
# {{lb|en|phonology|dated|of a sound}} [[sharp|Sharp]], produced in the [[front]] of the [[mouth]]. (See {{pedia|lang=en|Grave and acute}})
#: {{coordinate terms|en|grave}}
# {{lb|en|medicine}} Of an [[abnormal]] [[condition#Noun|condition]] of [[recent]] or [[sudden ]] [[onset]], in contrast to [[delayed#Adjective|delayed]] [[onset]]; this sense does not imply [[severity]], unlike the common usage.
#: {{ux|en|He dropped dead of an '''acute''' illness.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=G. J. Kaloyanides|chapter=Drug-induced Acute Renal Failure| editors=Rinaldo Bellomo; Claudio Ronco| title=Acute Renal Failure in the Critically Ill| series=Update in Intensitve Care and Emergency Medicine| seriesvolume=20| location=Berlin; Heidelberg| publisher=[[w:Springer Science+Business Media|Springer-Verlag]]| year=1995| page=204| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=kGHyCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA204|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-79244-1| isbn=978-3-642-79246-5| passage=Of particular relevance to the ICU [intensive care unit] setting is ketorolac, a NSAID [non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug] that is being increasingly used for pain control in order to avoid problems of respiratory depression, sedation, and addiction associated with narcotics. {{...}} ICU patients, who typically are under great stress from an '''acute''' illness that is often accompanied by multiorgan dysfunction including renal insufficiency, are especially prone to develop renal complications from ketorolac{{nb...}}.}}
# {{lb|en|medicine}} Of a [[short-lived]] condition, in contrast to a [[chronic]] condition; this sense also does not imply severity.
#: {{antonyms|en|chronic}}
#: {{cot|en|preacute|subacute|postacute}}
#: {{ux|en|The '''acute''' symptoms resolved promptly.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=Katie L. Burke|title=In the News: Bat News| url=https://www.americanscientist.org/article/in-the-news-44|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170605140932/http://www.americanscientist.org:80/issues/pub/2013/3/in-the-news-45| archivedate=5 June 2017| magazine=w:American Scientist|location=Research Triangle Park, N.C.| publisher=w:Sigma Xi| month=May–June| year=2013| volume=101| issue=3| page=193| issn=0003-0996| oclc=231015383| passage=Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe '''acute''' respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.}}
# {{lb|en|orthography|postpositive}} Of a [[letter#Noun|letter]] of the [[alphabet]], having an [[acute accent]].
#: {{ux|en|The last letter of ‘café’ is ‘e’ '''acute'''.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Geoff[rey J. S.] Hart|chapter=Editing in Special Situations| title=Effective Onsceen Editing: New Tools for an Old Profession| location=Pointe-Claire, Que.| publisher=Diaskeuasis Publishing| year=2007| page=404| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=mkTGFU9faoMC&pg=PA404| isbn=978-0-9783227-0-0| passage=A more conservative approach, particularly if your author is a skilled computer user, would be to replace the problem characters with simple words or codes that are guaranteed to transfer successfully between computers. For example, you could replace ''é'' with ''e-'''acute''''' if that particular character is causing problems. {{...}} The author could then do a search and replace to change all instances of ''e-'''acute''''' back to ''é'' before publication.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[Michael] Mitchell; [Susan] Wightman|chapter=Foreign Languages| title=Typographic Style Handbook| location=London| publisher=[[w:Quercus (publisher)|MacLehose Press]]| year=2017| section=section 10.2.1 (Commonly Used Accents)| page=143| pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOhrDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA143| isbn=978-0-85705-753-2| passage=Commonly used European accents are available as below: / á Á&ensp;a '''acute''' / {{...}} / é É&ensp;e '''acute''' / {{...}} / í Í&ensp;i&nbsp;'''acute''' / {{...}} / ó Ó&ensp;o '''acute''' / {{...}} / ú Ú&ensp;u '''acute'''}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|acutangular|acutish|hyperacute|nonacute|superacute|unacute|accent acute|acute abdo|acute abdomen|acute angle|acute cystitis|acute flaccid myelitis|acute lymphoblastic leukemia|acute membranous gingivitis|acute mountain sickness|acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis|acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis|acute oak decline|acute radiation syndrome|acute retroviral syndrome|acute sedge|acute toxicity|acute triangle|acute ulcerative gingivitis|acute-angled triangle|acute-phase protein|double acute accent|gravo-acute accent|severe acute respiratory syndrome|acuity|acutance|acute accent|acute-angled|acutely|acuteness|cute|acute otitis media|acute respiratory distress syndrome|post-acute|acute kidney failure|acute kidney injury|acute renal failure}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|en|ague}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|brief, quick, short}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|kort}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|kort}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|nopea}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|تند|tr=tond}}, {{t+|fa|تیز|tr=tiz}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|high or shrill}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|korkea}} {{qualifier|high}}; {{t+|fi|kimeä}} {{qualifier|shrill}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top-also|intense, sensitive, sharp|intense|sensitive|sharp}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սուր}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|интензивен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|agut}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|激烈|tr=jīliè}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|ostrý}}, {{t+|cs|bystrý}}, {{t+|cs|citlivý}}, {{t|cs|pronikavý}}, {{t+|cs|jemný}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|skarp}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|scherp}}, {{t+|nl|gevoelig}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|akra}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|äge}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tarkka}}, {{t+|fi|terävä}}
* French: {{t+|fr|aigu|m}}, {{t+|fr|aiguë|f}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|agudo}}, {{t+|gl|vivo}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მახვილი}}
* German: {{t+|de|scharf}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|οξύς}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|せつじつ|tr=satsujitsu}}
* Malay: {{t+|ms|tajam}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tārūrū}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|كسكین|tr=keskin}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|تیز|tr=tiz}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|ostry}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|agudo}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|о́стрый}}, {{t+|ru|то́нкий}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|agudo}}, {{t+|es|perspicaz}}, {{t+|es|sagaz}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|skarp}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|keskin}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top-also|urgent|urgent}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|остър}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|akutní}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|akut}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|dringend}}, {{t+|nl|acuut}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|akuutti}}, {{t+|fi|kiireellinen}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მწვავე}}, {{t|ka|გადაუდებელი}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|דחוף|tr=dahuf}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|せつじつ|tr=satsujitsu}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|akutt}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|akutt}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|urgente}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|сро́чный}}, {{t+|ru|неотло́жный}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|grave}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|akut}}
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|tost}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(''botany'') having an acute angle}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|terävä}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|tirus}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(''geometry'') of an angle: less than 90 degrees}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|حَادّ}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սուր}}
* Belarusian: {{t+|be|во́стры|m}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|остър}}
* Burmese: {{t+|my|ကျဉ်း}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|agut}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|锐角}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|ostrý}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|spids}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|scherp}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|akuta}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|terävä}}
* French: {{t+|fr|aigu}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მახვილი}}
* German: {{t+|de|spitz}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|οξύς}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ὀξυγώνιος}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|hegyes}}
* Ingrian: {{t|izh|terävä}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|acuto}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|鋭角|tr=eikaku no|alt=鋭角の}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ស្រួច}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|smailus}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|tirus}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tāhapa}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|spiss}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|تند|tr=tond}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|ostry}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|agudo}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|ascuțit}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|о́стрый}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|agudo}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|spetsig}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|kipot}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|dar}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|(''geometry'') of a triangle: having all internal angles acute|acute-angled}}

{{trans-top|(''linguistics'') of an accent or tone: generally higher than others}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|akuutti}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(''medicine'') of an abnormal condition of recent or sudden onset}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|شَدِيد}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սուր}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|остър}}, {{t|bg|акутен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|agut}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|急性|tr=jíxìng}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|akutní}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|akut}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|acuut}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|äge}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|akuutti}}
* French: {{t+|fr|aigu}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მწვავე}}
* German: {{t+|de|akut}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|急性|tr=きゅうせいの, kyūsei no|alt=急性の}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|acutus|m}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|mendadak}}, {{t+|ms|akut}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|حاد|tr=hâd}}, {{t+|fa|سواره|tr=savâre}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|agudo}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|о́стрый}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|agudo}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|akut}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(''medicine'') of a short-lived condition}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|شَدِيد}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|սուր}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|остър}}, {{t|bg|акутен}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|agut}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|急性|tr=jíxìng}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|akutní}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|akut}}, {{t|da|kritisk}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|acuut}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|akuta}}, {{t+|eo|akra}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|äge}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|akuutti}}
* French: {{t+|fr|aigu}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მწვავე}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|οξύς}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|akut}}, {{t+|hu|heveny}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|急性|tr=きゅうせいの, kyūsei no|alt=急性の}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|mendadak}}, {{t+|ms|akut}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|akutt}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|akutt}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|حاد|tr=hâd}}, {{t+|fa|سواره|tr=savâre}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|agudo}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|о́стрый}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|akut}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|(''orthography'') after a letter of the alphabet: having an acute accent}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|agut}}, {{t+|ca|tancat}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|met}} {{t+|nl|accent aigu}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|lihtrõhk}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|nouseva}}, {{t+|fi|akuutti}}
* French: {{t+|fr|aigu}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|აკუტი}}, {{t|ka|აკუტური მახვილი}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|zhítsʼóóz|sc=Latn}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|akutowy}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|akut}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|sắc}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|medicine|informal}} A person who has the acute form of a [[disorder#Noun|disorder]], such as [[schizophrenia]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Gerry Fewster|chapter=Down to Business|title=Being in Child Care: A Journey into Self|location=Binghamton, N.Y.; London|publisher=[[w:Haworth Press|The Haworth Press]]|year=1990|isbn=978-0-86656-979-8|location2=New York, N.Y.; Hove, East Sussex|publisher2=w:Routledge|year2=2012|page2=113|pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=hcq2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA113|isbn2=978-1-315-80397-5|passage=Anne Marie had been assigned a ‘constant supervision’ status. {{...}} Always avoiding the unrest of the television lounge, she would sometimes join some of the older ‘'''acutes'''’ who sat isolated in metal chairs at the end of the hallway and gaze out of the window with them.}}
# {{lb|en|linguistics|chiefly|historical}} An [[accent#Noun|accent]] or [[tone#Noun|tone]] [[high#Adjective|higher]] than others.
#: {{antonyms|en|grave}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:Sir Uvedale Price, 1st Baronet|Uvedale Price]]|chapter=Restoration of Ancient Accent Impossible|title=An Essay on the Modern Pronunciation of the Greek and Latin Languages|location=Oxford|publisher=Printed by W. Baxter|year=1827|page=206|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=tN5jOumY0_UC&pg=PA206|oclc=20216673|passage=[I]t would be strange if we wer to recite {{w|Homer}}, raising our voices on the '''acutes''', lowering them on the graves, and managing the circumflexes as well as we could, yet to recite {{w|Virgil}} without any of these regular elevations, depressions, and circumbendibus.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=[[w:William Dwight Whitney|William D[wight] Whitney]]|title=II.—On the Nature and Designation of the Accent in Sanskrit.|journal=w:Transactions of the American Philological Association|location=Hartford, Conn.|publisher=Published by the [[w:American Philological Association|[American Philological] Association]]; printed by Case, Lockwood & Brainard|year=1869–1870|year_published=1871|pages=40–41|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=c-w5AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA40|oclc=643390955|passage=There would be no sense in our assuming that even an independent circumflex after an '''acute''' might be raised in pitch for the sake of clearer distinction from that '''acute'''; for it is sufficiently distinguished by its sliding tone; and, if it had any right to be further distinguished, an '''acute''' following an '''acute''' would have much more right; while, nevertheless, any number of '''acutes''' are allowed to succeed one another, without modification of their natural character.}}
# {{lb|en|orthography}} An [[acute accent]] ([[´]]).
#: {{ux|en|The word ‘cafe’ often has an '''acute''' over the ‘e’.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=[[w:John Farey Sr.|John Farey, Sen.]]|title=CI. On Mr. Listons, or the Euharmonic Scale of Musical Intervals,{{nb...|Extended According to His Tuning Process, from 59 to 612 Notes in the Octave; Showing thus, a Division of the Octave into 612 Equal Parts, or as Nearly so, throughout, as Experiments in Harmonics, or the Most Refined Musical Performances, Seem to Require.}}|editor=w:Alexander Tilloch|journal=[[w:Philosophical Magazine|The Philosophical Magazine and Journal:{{nb...|Comprehending the Various Branches of Science, the Liberal and Fine Arts, Geology, Architecture, Manufactures and Commerce.}}]]|location=London|publisher=Printed by [[w:Richard Taylor (editor)|Richard and Arthur Taylor]].{{nb...|Shoe Lane: [...]}}|month=June|year=1817|volume=XLIX|issue=230|page=445|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=AKQ-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA445|oclc=314687878|passage=The number of Notes in this Table, without either '''''acute''''' or ''grave'' marks (´ or `), is 75. Of those bearing one '''''acute''''' mark (´) it is 74, of those with two '''acutes''' (´´) 70, with three '''acutes''' (´´´ or ´{{sup|3}}) 51, {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=J[ohn] Johnson|chapter=A Fount of Letter, as Considered by Letter Founders|title=Typographia, or The Printers’ Instructor:{{nb...|Including an Account of the Origin of Printing, with Biographical Notices of the Printers of England, from Caxton to the Close of the Sixteenth Century: A Series of Ancient and Modern Alphabets, and Domesday Characters: Together with an Elucidation of Every Subject Connected with the Art.}}|location=London|publisher=Published by Messrs. [[w:Longman|Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green]],{{nb...|Paternoster Row, London.}}|year=1824|volume=II|page=34|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zgWAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA34|oclc=489871362|passage=The five vowels marked with '''acutes''' over them, it is probable, were first contrived to assist the ignorant monks in reading the church service, that by this means they might arrive to a proper and settled pronunciation in the discharge of their sacerdotal duties; {{...}}}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|person who has the acute form of a disorder}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|akuuttipotilas}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|accent or tone higher than others}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|akuutti}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|akut|m}}, {{t|pl|akcent ostry|m}}, {{t|pl|intonacja akutowa|f}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|acute accent}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive|phonetics}} To give an [[#Adjective|acute]] [[sound#Noun|sound]] to.
#: {{ux|en|He '''acutes''' his rising inflection too much.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:William Lily (grammarian)|[William] Lily]]; W. T.|chapter=Prosodia Examin’d and Explain’d by Question and Answer|title=Lily, Improved, Corrected, and Explained; with the Etymological Part of the Common Accidence|location=London|publisher=Printed for R. Bentley,{{nb...|in Russel-street, in Covent-garden.}}|year=1696|page=151|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=YcxlAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA151|oclc=838404801|passage=Polyſyllables having their Penultima long by poſition are '''acuted'''; as ''Camíllus'': but having it long by nature and the last ſhort, they are circumflected; as, ''Românus'', ''amâre'': except the Compounds of ''ſit'', whose Ultima is '''acuted'''; as ''Malefít'', ''calefít'', ''benefít'', ''ſatisfít''.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=John Foster|chapter=On the Accent of the Old Greeks.{{nb...|Some Passages of Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plutarch Considered. The Tones as well as Times Regarded by the Ancients in Their Compositions.}}|title=An Essay on the Different Nature of Accent and Quantity, with Their Use and Application in the Pronunciation of the English, Latin, and Greek Languages;{{nb...|Containing an Account and Explanation of The Ancient Tones, and a Defence of the Present System of Greek Accentual Marks, against the Objections of Isaac Vossius, Henninius, Sarpedonius, Dr. G[ally] and Others.}}|location=Eton, Berkshire|publisher=Printed by J. Pote;{{nb...|sold also by T. Pote, in Fleetstreet; and T. Payne, next the Mews Gate near St. Martin's Lane, London.}}|year=1762|pages=103–104|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=q4k-AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA104|oclc=702647599|passage=This word {{lang|grc|ωροπαροξύνον}} has been generally underſtood, before Dr. G[ally] undertook to explain it otherwiſe, to ſignify "'''acuting''' the antepenultima."}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:John Kelly (scholar)|John Kelly]]|chapter=On the Pronunciation of the Manks Letters|title=A Practical Grammar of the Antient Gaelic, or Language of the Isle of Man, usually Called Manks. {{nb...|[...] Edited, together with an Introduction, Life of Dr. Kelly, and Notes, by the Rev. William Gill, Vicar of Malew.}}|series=Manx Society series|seriesvolume=2|location=Douglas, Isle of Man|publisher=Printed for the [[w:Manx Society for the Publication of National Documents|Manx Society]]|year=1859|oclc=29134267|newversion=reprinted|location2=London|publisher2={{w|Bernard Quaritch}},{{nb...|15 Piccadilly, London.}}|year2=1870|page2=4|pageurl2=https://books.google.com/books?id=vQkJAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA4|oclc2=29380641|passage=''O'' is a broad vowel. When '''acuted''', it is pronounced as ''o'' in gone; thus, ''cron'', ''son''; when circumflexed, as ''o'' in bone; thus, ''ôney''. And thus it answers to the Greek Omicron and Omega.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=w:John Stuart Blackie|chapter=On the Place and Power of Accent in Language|title=Horæ Hellenicæ: Essays and Discussions on Some Important Points of Greek Philology and Antiquity|location=London|publisher=[[w:Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan & Co.]]|year=1874|section=paragraph 4|page=347|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=gJNhAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA347|oclc=702335519|passage=That the acute accent meant stress is plain from the inherited intonation of the modern Greeks; {{...}} and, if any person objects that the modern Greek not only '''acutes''' the last syllables of these words, but makes their quantity long, this is all in favour of my argument; {{...}}}}
# {{lb|en|transitive|archaic}} To make [[#Adjective|acute]]; to [[sharpen]], to [[whet#Verb|whet]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:John Floyer (physician)|John Floyer]]; [[w:Edward Baynard (physician)|Edward Baynard]]|chapter=[The Appendix.] The Other Cure Wrought by the Cold Bath, was upon Mrs. Taylor, a Young Gentlewoman that Boarded at My Father’s|title=ΨΥΧΡΟΛΟΥΣΙ´Α [PSYCHROLOUSIA]: Or, The History of Cold-bathing, both Ancient and Modern. In Two Parts.{{nb...|The First Written by Sir John Floyer, of Lichfield, Kt. The Second, Treating of the Genuine Use of Hot and Cold Baths. [...] By Dr. Edward Baynard, Fellow of the College of Physicians, London.}}|edition=6th|location=London|publisher=Printed for W[illiam] Innys and R. Manby,{{nb...|at the West-end of St. Paul's Church-yard.}}|year=1732|section=part II (Of Cold Baths)|pages=476–477|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=p_9bAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA477|oclc=561191015|passage=[A]n old Farmer {{...}} uſed, when fuddled over Night, to walk naked, or only in his Shirt, until he had cooled himſelf throughly, {{...}} This Courſe may not be improperly call'd a ''Balenum Aerium'', and may be of great Uſe to ſober People, as well as the Fuddlers; for running empty, after Sleep and Concoction, warms the ''Blood'' and ''Spirits'', '''acutes''' the ''Circulations'', fans and cools the ''Lungs'', helps both ''Excretion'' and ''Secretion''; {{...}}}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=R. J. Cyle|title=The Verticord: Turner of Hearts|location=[Bloomington, Ind.]|publisher=w:Xlibris|year=2010|page=36|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZbFE6F7Q4QC&pg=PA36|isbn=978-1-4535-6471-4|passage=It had been over a week that I had not been over to visit my most favorable place. Since I was allowed a rare opening that jaggled an intense curiosity, it '''acuted''' my senses with great anticipation that a living current was felt in my center, brought on by something truly new.}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to give an acute sound to}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|korostaa}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references />

===Further reading===
* {{pedia|acute|acute (disambiguation)}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=acetu|AUTEC|Ceuta}}

{{C|en|Diacritical marks}}

==Asturian==

===Verb===
{{head|ast|verb form}}

# {{inflection of|ast|acutar||1//3|s|pres|sub}}

==Dutch==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ɑˈky.tə/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-acute.ogg}}

===Adjective===
{{head|nl|adjective form}}

# {{infl of|nl|acuut||infl}}

==French==

===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{homophones|fr|acutes}}

===Adjective===
{{head|fr|adjective form}}

# {{inflection of|fr|acut||f|s}}

==Interlingua==

===Adjective===
{{ia-adj|-}}

# {{l|en|acute}}

==Italian==

===Pronunciation===
{{it-pr|acùte}}

===Adjective===
{{head|it|adjective form|g=f-p}}

# {{adj form of|it|acuto||f|p}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|it|a=acetu|caute}}

==Latin==

===Participle===
{{head|la|participle form|head=acūte}}

# {{inflection of|la|acūtus||voc|m|s}}

===References===
* {{R:L&S}}
* {{R:Elementary Lewis}}
* {{R:Gaffiot}}