View source for 零

{{also|〇|𩆖}}
{{character info}}
{{character info|0xf9b2}}

{{commonscat}}
==Translingual==
{{CJKV-forms|零|零|零|零}}
{{stroke order|strokes=13}}
{{stroke order|type=animate}}

===Alternative forms===
In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese {{w|jiu zixing}}, the bottom component {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亼}} + {{l|mul|𰆊}}, similar to its {{w|Kangxi dictionary}} form. In {{w|traditional Chinese}} as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亼}} + {{l|mul|マ}}. In {{w|simplified Chinese}}, the component {{l|mul|令}} is written {{l|mul|亽}} + {{l|mul|マ}}.

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=173|rad=雨|as=05|sn=13|four=10307|canj=MBOII|ids=⿱[[雨|⻗]][[令]]}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[㩕]] [[㬡]] [[㯪]] [[澪]] [[燯]] [[鿅]] [[䌢]] [[䙥]] [[䴫]] [[䴇]] [[蕶]]}}
* {{l|mul|[[𠏡]] [[𠟨]] [[𨞖]] [[𪞮]] [[𨗺]] [[𤖜]] [[𤾨]] [[𥋞]] [[𥖟]] [[𥢴]] [[𥼸]] [[𦪩]] [[𨆖]] [[𨣖]] [[𨭭]] [[𩁎]] [[𩟃]] [[𩪥]] [[𪋪]]}}
* {{l|mul|[[𮋔]] [[𮘿]]}}

====References====
{{Han ref|kx=1372.100|dkj=42242|dj=1880.050|hdz=64061.010|uh=96F6}}
{{Han ref|uh=F9B2}}

==Chinese==
{{zh-forms|ss=⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令|alt=〇-zero,𠏡,𡈍,𤅫,𥥋,𮖿,𩂙,霗,𩃞,𩅶,𩆖,𩆼,⿳⻗人𰆊}}

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|雨|t1=rain|令|ls=psc|c1=s|c2=p}}. On the oracle bone script, only thick raindrops are depicted falling from the sky.

===Etymology 1===
Unclear. {{zh-ref|Schuessler (2007)}} proposes several possibilities:
* From {{der|zh|aav}}; compare {{cog|km|ភ្លៀង||rain}}, from {{cog|mkh-pro|*(p)liɲ ~ *(p)liəɲ ~ (p)liiɲ||sky, rain}}.
* Possibly related to {{cog|kac|marang||rain}}, for which STEDT sets up {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*m/s-raŋ||rain}}. {{zh-ref|Starostin}} also relates it to this Jingpho word and sets up {{inh|zh|sit-pro||*rēŋ|to drop}}, also comparing {{cog|bo|སྤྲིན||cloud}} and {{cog|my|ရည်||liquid; juice}}.
* Possibly related to {{och-l|隕|to drop}} and {{och-l|霣|to rain; to fall down like rain}} if one assumes {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*r/s/g-wa||water; rain}} (or its variant {{m|sit-pro||*rwe-}}) can be simplified to ''*re-'' and ''*we-''.

Sense "zero" is introduced in 1248 by {{coinage|zh|Li Ye|nat=Chinese|occ=mathematician|w=Li Ye (mathematician)|notext=1|nobycat=y}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=líng
|m-s=nin2
|dg=лин1
|c=ling4,leng4,leng4-2,leng4-1
|c_note=ling4 - literary; leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity)
|c-t=len3,liang3,liang3*
|c-t_note=len3 - literary; liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity)
|g=lin4/liang4
|g_note=lin4 - literary; liang4 - vernacular
|h=pfs=làng;gd=lang2
|j=ling1
|mb=lâing
|md=lìng
|mn=ml,jj,ct,tw:lêng/ml,jj,ct,tw:lân
|mn_note=lêng - literary; lân - vernacular (“fragmentary”)
|mn-t=lêng5/lang5
|mn-t_note=lêng5 - literary; lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”)
|w=sh:6lin;sz:2lin
|x=lin2
|mc=2+3
|oc=1,2+3
|ma=y
|cat=v,n,num,pn
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# [[fragmentary]]; [[scattered]]
#: {{zh-x|零星|fragmentary|tr='''líng'''xīng}}
# [[fraction]]; [[remainder]]
# {{senseid|zh|Q204}} [[zero]] {{defdate|from 1248}}
#: {{alti|zh|〇<tr:->}}
#: {{cot|zh|正數|負數}}
#: {{hyper|zh|實數|有理數|整數}}
#: {{zh-x|一 減 一 等於 零。|One minus one equals '''zero'''.|tr=Yī jiǎn yī děngyú '''líng'''.}}
#: {{zh-x|三 點 零 五 分|three '''oh''' five|tr=sān diǎn '''líng''' wǔ fēn }}
#: {{zh-x|七 百 零 三|seven hundred and three|tr=qī bǎi '''líng''' sān}}
#: {{zh-x|二-零-零-一 年|year 2'''00'''1|tr=èrlíng'''líng'''yī nián}}
#: {{zh-x|從 零 開始|Start from scratch|tr=cóng '''líng''' kāishǐ }}
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese|Hakka|Northern Min|Eastern Min}} {{n-g|Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.}}
#: {{zh-x|廿 零{leng4} 蚊|twenty-'''something''' dollars|C|tr=jaa6 '''leng4''' man1}}
#: {{zh-x|分 零{leng4} 兩 分鐘|one to two minutes|C|tr=fan1 '''leng4''' loeng5 fan1 zung1}}
#: {{zh-x|七十 零{leng4-2}|seventy-'''something'''|C|tr=cat1 sap6 '''leng4-2'''}}
# {{lb|zh|gay slang}} [[bottom]]
#: {{alti|zh|0}}
# {{lb|zh|obsolete}} [[drizzle]]
# {{senseid|zh|to fall}} {{lb|zh|literary|of precipitation or tears}} to [[fall]]
#: {{zh-x|感激涕零|grateful to tears|tr=gǎnjītì'''líng'''}}
#* {{zh-x|念 彼 共 人，涕 零 如 雨。|I think of those [at court] in their offices,<br>And my tears '''flow down''' like rain.|ref=Shijing}}
#* {{zh-x|今 當 遠離，臨 表 涕 零，不 知 所 言。|Now I must leave [for battle] far away. As I face this memorial, my tears '''fall''', and I know not what I have said.|ref='''227''', {{lw|zh|諸葛亮}} ({{w|Zhuge Liang|Zhuge Liang}}), {{lw|zh|s:zh:前出師表|前出師表}} ({{w|Chu Shi Biao|Former ''Chu Shi Biao''}})|CL}}
# {{lb|zh|of plants or flowers}} to [[wither]] and [[fall]]
#: {{zh-x|凋'''零'''|to wither and fall|tr=diāolíng}}
# {{lb|zh|Cantonese|argot|in {{m|yue|之辰代碼}}}} [[six]]
#: {{zh-co|斗零{ling4-2}|five-cent coin|lit=[coin with mass of] 3 [[candareen]]s and '''6''' [[cash]]|C}}
# {{surname|zh}}

=====Synonyms=====
{{zh-dial|零}}

====Compounds====
{{der3|zh|一零兒//一零儿|丁零|七零九|七零九所|七零八散|七零八落|三零四散|不零不搭|不零不落|五零四散|先零|凋零|化整為零//化整为零|化零為整//化零为整|半零不落|合零為整//合零为整|奇零|孤孤零零|孤苦零丁|孤零零|家業凋零//家业凋零|小零兒//小零儿|彫零|感激涕零|手零腳碎//手零脚碎|拆零|抹零|拾零|掛零//挂零|書劍飄零//书剑飘零|有零|望秋先零|東零西散//东零西散|東零西落//东零西落|歸零//归零|涕淚交零//涕泪交零|涕零|淅留淅零|淋零|淅零淅留|淅零零|湖海飄零//湖海飘零|滴零搭拉|漂零蓬斷//漂零蓬断|琴劍飄零//琴剑飘零|畸零|畸零地|破零三亂//破零三乱|破零二落|稀零|粉零麻碎|絕對零度//绝对零度|藕零兒//藕零儿|雞零狗碎//鸡零狗碎|雨零星散|零丁|零七八碎|零丁孤苦|零丁洋|零下|零亂//零乱|零付款|零件|零係數//零系数|零利|零吃|零和|零售|零售價//零售价|零售價格//零售价格|零售商|零售市場//零售市场|零售店|零售業//零售业|零售點//零售点|零嘴|零基預算//零基预算|零存整付|零工|零布|零座|零庫存//零库存|零打碎敲|零散|零敲碎打|零數//零数|零方案|零星|零時//零时|零替|零活|零淚//零泪|零用|零用金|零用錢/零用钱|零碎|零碼//零码|零稅率//零税率|零組件//零组件|零線//零线|零缺點//零缺点|零聲母//零声母|零股交易|零花|零落|零落山丘|零賣//零卖|零部件|零配件|零錢//零钱|零雨|零零七|零零散散|零零星星|零零碎碎|零零落落|零頭//零头|零食|零餘子//零余子|零點//零点|飄零//飘零}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV||れい|령|linh}}
''Others'':
* {{desc|pcc|lingz|bor=1}}
* {{desc|khb|ᦟᦲᧃᧉ|bor=1}}
* {{desc|za|lingz|bor=1}}

====See also====
{{Chinese-numbers}}

===Etymology 2===

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=lián
|c=lin4
|mc=1
|oc=n,1
|cat=
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|先零/先零||西零/西零}}

===References===
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

[[Category:Beginning Mandarin|雨05]]{{C|zh|LGBTQ|sort=雨05}}{{C|zh|Zero|sort=雨05}} <!-- {{zh-cat|Beginning|LGBTQ|Zero}} -->
{{cln|zh|cardinal numbers|sort=雨05}}{{cln|zh|numeral symbols|sort=雨05}}{{cln|zh|numerals|sort=雨05}} <!-- {{cln|zh|cardinal numbers|numeral symbols|numerals}} -->

==Japanese==
{{cardinalbox|ja||0|1||一}}

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=雨05}}

# [[spill]]
# [[zero]]

====Readings====
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|零|id=2}}; compare {{cog|cmn|零|tr=líng}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=りょう<りやう
|kanon=れい
}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|零|id=1}}; compare {{cog|cmn|零|tr=lián}}:
{{ja-readings
|goon=れん
|kanon=れん
}}
From native {{w|Japanese_language|Japanese}} roots:
{{ja-readings
|kun=あ-ゆ, あ-える, あ-えす, あ-やす, お-ちる, こぼ-す, こぼ-る, こぼ-れる, しずく-<しづく-, ゼロ-
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3|Compounds}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|零%雨|れい%う}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%下|れい%か}}: [[sub-zero]]
* {{ja-r/args|零%砕|れい%さい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%細|れい%さい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%散|れい%さん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%星|れい%せい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%戦|^れい%せん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%楮|れい%ちょ}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%凋|れい%ちょう}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%丁|れい%てい}} ({{ja-r|令%丁|れい%てい|rom=-}})
* {{ja-r/args|零%点|れい%てん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%度|れい%ど}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%敗|れい%はい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%廃|れい%はい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%買|れい%ばい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%売|れい%ばい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%封|れい%ふう}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%墨|れい%ぼく}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%本|れい%ほん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%余|れい%よ}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%落|れい%らく}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%乱|れい%らん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%涙|れい%るい}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%露|れい%ろ}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%戦|^ゼロ%せん}}
* {{ja-r/args|零%和|ゼロ%わ}}: [[zero-sum]]
* {{ja-r/args|先%零|^せん%れん}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=kanon|れい}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|零|id=2}} with an original meaning of ''a small rainfall''. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician [[w:Li Ye (mathematician)|Li Ye]] as a placeholder, extending from its ''a little bit (of rain)'' meaning to indicate ''a bit more remaining''. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as {{m|zh|三}}{{m|zh|百}}{{m|zh|零}}{{m|zh|二}}, literally ''three hundred '''and remaining''' two'', with the {{m|zh|零}} character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating ''zero'' tens.<ref>'''1999''', {{lang|ja|「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和}} (''"Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu'', “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, [[w:Tokyo|Tōkyō]]: [https://web.archive.org/web/20071025052930/http://www.toyoshoten.co.jp/ Toyo Shoten], {{ISBN|4-88595-226-3}}</ref> It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of {{m|en|zero}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{ja-l|〇}}

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|れい|acc=1|acc_ref=DJR}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|れい}}

# [[zero]]

====Numeral====
{{ja-pos|numeral|れい}}

# [[zero]]

=====Usage notes=====
The {{ja-l|〇}} spelling is more common in numeric notation.

====Proper noun====
{{ja-pos|proper|れい}}

# {{given name|ja|sort=れい|male}}

===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|こぼ|o1=し}}
{{ja-see|零し}}

===Etymology 3===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|こぼ|o1=れ}}
{{ja-see|零れ}}

===Etymology 4===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=k|ぜろ|ateji=y}}
{{ja-see|ゼロ}}

===References===
<references/>

{{japanese number}}

{{cln|ja|numeral symbols|sort=0}}

==Korean==

===Etymology 1===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-|sort=령}} {{ltc-l|零|id=2+3}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|령|영}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|떨어지다|떨어질|령||영}}

# {{hanja form of|[[령]]/[[영]]|[[zero]]}}

=====Compounds=====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|零簡|영간}}
* {{ko-l/args|零絹|영견}}
* {{ko-l/args|零絹殘墨|영견잔묵}}
* {{ko-l/args|零度|영도}}
* {{ko-l/args|零落|영락}}
* {{ko-l/args|零落掃地|영락소지}}
* {{ko-l/args|零靈碎碎|영령쇄쇄}}
* {{ko-l/args|零零碎碎|영령쇄쇄}}
* {{ko-l/args|零零瑣瑣|영령쇄쇄}}
* {{ko-l/args|零露|영로}}
* {{ko-l/args|零淚|영루}}
* {{ko-l/args|靈買|영매}}
* {{ko-l/args|靈賣|영매}}
* {{ko-l/args|零賣所|영매소}}
* {{ko-l/args|零墨|영묵}}
* {{ko-l/args|零本|영본}}
* {{ko-l/args|零散|영산}}
* {{ko-l/args|零上|영상}}
* {{ko-l/args|零羨|영선}}
* {{ko-l/args|零星|영성}}
* {{ko-l/args|零細|영세}}
* {{ko-l/args|零碎|영쇄}}
* {{ko-l/args|零瑣|영쇄}}
* {{ko-l/args|零順位|영순위}}
* {{ko-l/args|零時|영시}}
* {{ko-l/args|零餘|영여}}
* {{ko-l/args|零染|영염}}
* {{ko-l/args|零雨|영우}}
* {{ko-l/args|零元|영원}}
* {{ko-l/args|零殘|영잔}}
* {{ko-l/args|零在|영재}}
* {{ko-l/args|零賊|영적}}
* {{ko-l/args|零錢|영전}}
* {{ko-l/args|零點|영점}}
* {{ko-l/args|零丁|영정}}
* {{ko-l/args|零丁孤苦|영정고고}}
* {{ko-l/args|零濟|영제}}
* {{ko-l/args|零凋|영조}}
* {{ko-l/args|零糶|영조}}
* {{ko-l/args|零條|영조}}
* {{ko-l/args|零則必虧|영즉필휴}}
* {{ko-l/args|零替|영체}}
* {{ko-l/args|零墜|영추}}
* {{ko-l/args|零縮|영축}}
* {{ko-l/args|零唾|영타}}
* {{ko-l/args|零下|영하}}
* {{ko-l/args|零歇|영헐}}
* {{ko-l/args|孤苦零丁|고고영정}}
* {{ko-l/args|斷簡零墨|단간영묵}}
* {{ko-l/args|自零|자령}}
* {{ko-l/args|丁零|정령}}
* {{ko-l/args|凋零|조령}}
* {{ko-l/args|七零八落|칠령팔락}}
* {{ko-l/args|飄零|표령}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-|sort=련}} {{ltc-l|零|id=1}}.

====Pronunciation====
{{ko-hanja-pron|련|연}}

====Hanja====
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|[[종족]] [[이름]]|련||연}}

# {{rfdef|ko|sort=련|langname=Korean}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|13787}}
* {{R:zonmal|38646}}

{{C|ko|Zero}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|readings=lênh,linh,rinh|rs=雨05}}

# {{rfdef|vi|sort=雨05|langname=Vietnamese}}

{{cln|vi|numeral symbols}}