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'[[File:Lebanon - Christ the King Statue.jpg|thumb| Christian shrine overlooking the Dog River basin]] The '''Nahr al-Kalb''' ({{lang-ar|نهر الكلب}}) (English literal translation is '''Dog River''') is a [[river]] in [[Lebanon]]. It runs for {{convert|19|mi|km}} from a spring in [[Jeita]] near the [[Jeita Grotto]] to the [[Mediterranean Sea]]. ==Historical significance== Nahr al-Kalb is the ancient Lycus River.<ref>http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=23073&URL_DO=DO_PRINTPAGE&URL_SECTION=201.html</ref> A 13th century BC treaty, concluded by [[Ramses II]], set the Nahr al-Kalb as the border between [[Egypt]] and the possessions of the [[Hittites]]. Past generals and conquerors have traditionally built [[monument]]s at the mouth of the Nahr al-Kalb. [[Ramses II]], [[Nebuchadnezzar]], [[Esarhaddon]], [[Marcus Aurelius]], and even armies from modern-day [[France]] and [[Great Britain]] have engaged in this practice.<ref>[[Robert Fisk|Fisk, Robert]]. ''Pity the Nation: The Abduction of Lebanon''. New York: Nation Books, 2001, pp. 52-53.</ref><ref>[[UNESCO]] [[Memory of the World]] http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/flagship-project-activities/memory-of-the-world/register/full-list-of-registered-heritage/registered-heritage-page-2/commemorative-stela-of-nahr-el-kalb-mount-lebanon/</ref> In 1946, a monument was erected in celebration of Lebanon’s [[independence]], which came in 1943. In 2000, Lebanese demonstrators, including supporters of ex-general and current politician [[Michel Aoun]], unsuccessfully attempted to erect two new monuments, one marking the departure of [[Israel]]i troops from Lebanon, and the other anticipating the withdrawal of [[Syria]]n forces. In 2005, a commemorative stela at the river was listed in the [[UNESCO]] [[Memory of the World]] initiative.<ref>http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=23073&URL_DO=DO_PRINTPAGE&URL_SECTION=201.html</ref> ==See also== *[[Jeita Grotto]] ==References== *[http://www.livius.org/na-nd/nahr_al-kalb/nahr_al-kalb.html Pictures of the monuments at the river’s mouth] *[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9044386 Encyclopædia Britannica article] *[http://www.laa.org/tours/tobeirut.htm Lebanese-American Association description] ==Notes== <references/> {{coord|33|57|N|35|36|E|display=title|region:LB_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}} [[Category:Rivers of Lebanon|Kalb]] [[Category:Tourism in Lebanon]] [[Category:Visitor attractions in Lebanon]] {{lebanon-geo-stub}}'