Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=May 2023}}
{{short description|General and companion of Genghis Khan}}
'''Boroqul''' ({{langx|mn|Борохул}}, also known as '''Boroghul''', '''Boro'ul''', and '''Borokhula'''; {{circa|1162}}–1217{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=xx}}) was one of the foremost generals of Temüjin (later [[Genghis Khan]]) during his [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]]. Raised as a [[Child abandonment|foundling]] by Temüjin's mother [[Hoelun]], he won great renown by saving the life of Temüjin's son and future heir [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203.
In recognition of this and other achievements, Boroqul became a member of Genghis' inner council and one of his most trusted advisors alongside [[Bo'orchu]] and [[Muqali]]. Boroqul died on a campaign against the northern [[Tumed]] tribes in 1217, but his achievements meant his clan remained prominent leaders in the [[Mongol Empire]] for centuries.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=297}}
==Life and career==
Boroqul first appears in the historical record shortly after [[Temüjin]]'s marriage to his wife [[Börte]] in around 1177 or 1178.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=44}} ''[[The Secret History of the Mongols]]'', a traditional Mongol account of Temüjin's rise to power, notes that Boroqul was originally from the Üüshin lineage of the [[List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans#Core Mongolic tribes|Jurkin tribe]] and was raised by Temüjin's mother [[Hoelun]] as a [[Child abandonment|foundling]] after being saved by [[Jebe]], a leading Mongol general.{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 137–138}}{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=406}} Serving as Temüjin's ''[[Nöker (military)|nökor]]'' (personal companion; {{Plural form}} ''nökod''), Boroqul prospered under his new liege, soon becoming the highest-ranking ''nökor'' after Temüjin's great friend [[Bo'orchu]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=44}}
[[File:YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg|thumb|alt=A portrait of a Mongol man wearing an orange robe and a pointed green cap; his mustache and beard are long and thin.|A [[Yuan dynasty]] portrait of [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]], whose life Boroqul saved after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203.]]
Although he led troops in many actions during his liege's [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]],{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=62}} the deed which won Boroqul the most acclaim occurred shortly after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203. Having been betrayed by his ally [[Toghrul]], Temüjin suffered a decisive loss on the Khalakhaljid Sands and was forced to withdraw. During the battle, his seventeen year-old son [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] had been badly wounded by an arrow in the neck; Boroqul saved Ögedei's life by continuously sucking [[blood clot|clotted blood]] from the wound during the night ride to Temüjin's camp. When they arrived shortly after Bo'orchu, the ''Secret History'' notes, "blood [was] trickling from the corners of [Boroqul's] mouth."{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 173}}{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=75}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|pp=68–71}}
As a result of these and other actions, Boroqul was honoured greatly at the [[kurultai]] Temüjin called in May 1206. He received a selection of rewards and exemptions, bettered only by those given Bo'orchu and [[Muqali]], which included exemptions from the [[death penalty]], and positions including [[cupbearer]] and [[Steward (office)|high steward]]. [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani]] recorded in his ''[[Jami' al-tawarikh]]'' that Boroqul and Bo'orchu were told that Temüjin, now entitled Genghis Khan, held them in such respect that he would never issue them with specific military orders, unlike other generals such as Muqali, Jebe, and [[Subutai]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=95}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} The two also shared titular command of the ''[[Kheshig|keshig]]'', the Mongol imperial guard, with Muqali and Chilaun.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=44}} Genghis named these four as his "steeds", and together with his "hounds" (Subutai, Jebe, [[Jelme]], and {{ill|Khubilai Noyon|fr|Khubilai (guerrier)}}) and the fellow foundling [[Shigi Qutuqu]], they formed the khan's "paladins", or [[Cabinet (government)|inner council]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=96}} Boroqul would command the 38,000 troops of the Mongol right wing with Bo'orchu, and as the khan's most trusted advisors, they and Muqali played a key role in advocating for Genghis' brother [[Qasar]] during his dispute with the [[shaman]] [[Kokochu]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|pp=108–109, 125}}
In 1217, Boroqul set out to command an expedition against the northern [[Tumed]] tribes, despite having a strong premonition of his impending death if he went.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=141}} He achieved initial successes against the tribes, who had captured the Mongol general [[Qutuqa Beki]], but was ambushed and killed away from the main force by Tumed scouts.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=502}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} Incensed at the news of his companion's death, Genghis made preparations to personally lead the campaign, but was dissuaded from this course by Muqali and Bo'orchu; he instead sent his eldest son [[Jochi]], accompanied by the general [[Dorbei Doqshin]], who together managed to subjugate the Tumed during a gruelling [[Cold-weather warfare|winter campaign]] in 1217–18.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|pp=142}} A hundred Tumeds were sacrificed in vengeance for Boroqul's death.{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}}
Genghis took responsibility for the welfare of Boroqul's children, awarding them honours and taking an interest in their careers;{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} the Üüshin clan to which he belonged became a powerful [[aristocracy|aristocratic family]] in the [[Mongol Empire]].{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=99}} His family continued to receive the titular command of the ''keshig'' under [[Kublai Khan]]; [[Öchicher]], one of Boroqul's descendants, managed to amass great personal wealth in this position in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|pp=297, 415}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
===Sources===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Atwood |first=Christopher P. |author-link=Christopher Atwood |date=2004 |title=Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire |publisher=Facts on File |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8160-4671-3 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8855875 |access-date=2 March 2022}}
* {{cite book |last=McLynn |first=Frank |title=Genghis Khan: His Conquests, His Empire, His Legacy |year=2015 |publisher=Hachette Books |isbn=978-0-306-82395-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/genghiskhanhisco0000mcly}}
* {{cite book |translator-last=de Rachewiltz |translator-first=Igor |translator-link=Igor de Rachewiltz |date=2015 |title=The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century |url=https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks |accessdate=22 November 2022 |type=Shorter Version; edited by John C. Street |ref={{SfnRef|de Rachewiltz 2015}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Ratchnevsky |first=Paul |year=1991 |translator=Thomas Haining |translator-link=Thomas Haining |title=Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy |publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing]] |location=Oxford |url=https://archive.org/details/genghiskhan00paul/ |url-access=registration |isbn=978-06-31-16785-3}}
{{refend}}
{{Generals and ministers of Genghis Khan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boroqul}}
[[Category:Generals of the Mongol Empire]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:13th-century generals]]
[[Category:1217 deaths]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use shortened footnotes|date=May 2023}}
{{short description|General and companion of Genghis Khan}}
'''Boroqul''' ({{langx|mn|Борохул}}, also known as '''Boroghul''', '''Boro'ul''', and '''Borokhula'''; {{circa|1162}}–1217{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=xx}}) was one of the foremost generals of Temüjin (later [[Genghis Khan]]) during his [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]]. Raised as a [[Child abandonment|foundling]] by Temüjin's mother [[Hoelun]], he won great renown by saving the life of Temüjin's son and future heir [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203.
In recognition of this and other achievements, Boroqul became a member of Genghis' inner council and one of his most trusted advisors alongside [[Bo'orchu]] and [[Muqali]]. Boroqul died on a campaign against the northern [[Tumed]] tribes in 1217, but his achievements meant his clan remained prominent leaders in the [[Mongol Empire]] for centuries.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=297}}
==Life and career==
Boroqul first appears in the historical record shortly after [[Temüjin]]'s marriage to his wife [[Börte]] in around 1177 or 1178.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=44}} ''[[The Secret History of the Mongols]]'', a traditional Mongol account of Temüjin's rise to power, notes that Boroqul was originally from the Üüshin lineage of the [[List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans#Core Mongolic tribes|Jurkin tribe]] and was raised by Temüjin's mother [[Hoelun]] as a [[Child abandonment|foundling]] after being saved by [[Jebe]], a leading Mongol general.{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 137–138}}{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=406}} Serving as Temüjin's ''[[Nöker (military)|nökor]]'' (personal companion; {{Plural form}} ''nökod''), Boroqul prospered under his new liege, soon becoming the highest-ranking ''nökor'' after Temüjin's great friend [[Bo'orchu]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=44}}
[[File:YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg|thumb|alt=A portrait of a Mongol man wearing an orange robe and a pointed green cap; his mustache and beard are long and thin.|A [[Yuan dynasty]] portrait of [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]], whose life Boroqul saved after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203.]]
Although he led troops in many actions during his liege's [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]],{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=62}} the deed which won Boroqul the most acclaim occurred shortly after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203. Having been betrayed by his ally [[Toghrul]], Temüjin suffered a decisive loss on the Khalakhaljid Sands and was forced to withdraw. During the battle, his seventeen year-old son [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] had been badly wounded by an arrow in the neck; Boroqul saved Ögedei's life by continuously sucking [[blood clot|clotted blood]] from the wound during the night ride to Temüjin's camp. When they arrived shortly after Bo'orchu, the ''Secret History'' notes, "blood [was] trickling from the corners of [Boroqul's] mouth."{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 173}}{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=75}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|pp=68–71}} According to the ''Secret History'', his wife Altani also gained renown for saving Temüjin's youngest son [[Tolui]] from a Tatar kidnapping attempt, although another account recounts that Tolui was saved by his adopted brother [[Shigi Qutuqu]] and a nearby [[Bankhar Dog|Mongol sheepdog]].{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1993|pp=77–78}}{{sfn|Atwood|2004|2p=542}}
As a result of these and other actions, Boroqul was honoured greatly at the [[kurultai]] Temüjin called in May 1206. He received a selection of rewards and exemptions, bettered only by those given Bo'orchu and [[Muqali]], which included exemptions from the [[death penalty]], and positions including [[cupbearer]] and [[Steward (office)|high steward]]. [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani]] recorded in his ''[[Jami' al-tawarikh]]'' that Boroqul and Bo'orchu were told that Temüjin, now entitled Genghis Khan, held them in such respect that he would never issue them with specific military orders, unlike other generals such as Muqali, Jebe, and [[Subutai]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=95}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} The two also shared titular command of the ''[[Kheshig|keshig]]'', the Mongol imperial guard, with Muqali and Chilaun.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=44}} Genghis named these four as his "steeds", and together with his "hounds" (Subutai, Jebe, [[Jelme]], and {{ill|Khubilai Noyon|fr|Khubilai (guerrier)}}) and the fellow foundling [[Shigi Qutuqu]], they formed the khan's "paladins", or [[Cabinet (government)|inner council]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=96}} Boroqul would command the 38,000 troops of the Mongol right wing with Bo'orchu, and as the khan's most trusted advisors, they and Muqali played a key role in advocating for Genghis' brother [[Qasar]] during his dispute with the [[shaman]] [[Kokochu]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|pp=108–109, 125}}
In 1217, Boroqul set out to command an expedition against the northern [[Tumed]] tribes, despite having a strong premonition of his impending death if he went.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=141}} He achieved initial successes against the tribes, who had captured the Mongol general [[Qutuqa Beki]], but was ambushed and killed away from the main force by Tumed scouts.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=502}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} Incensed at the news of his companion's death, Genghis made preparations to personally lead the campaign, but was dissuaded from this course by Muqali and Bo'orchu; he instead sent his eldest son [[Jochi]], accompanied by the general [[Dorbei Doqshin]], who together managed to subjugate the Tumed during a gruelling [[Cold-weather warfare|winter campaign]] in 1217–18.{{sfn|McLynn|2015|pp=142}} A hundred Tumeds were sacrificed in vengeance for Boroqul's death.{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}}
Genghis took responsibility for the welfare of Boroqul's children, awarding them honours and taking an interest in their careers;{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} the Üüshin clan to which he belonged became a powerful [[aristocracy|aristocratic family]] in the [[Mongol Empire]].{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=99}} His family continued to receive the titular command of the ''keshig'' under [[Kublai Khan]]; [[Öchicher]], one of Boroqul's descendants, managed to amass great personal wealth in this position in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|pp=297, 415}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
===Sources===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Atwood |first=Christopher P. |author-link=Christopher Atwood |date=2004 |title=Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire |publisher=Facts on File |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8160-4671-3 |url=https://www.academia.edu/8855875 |access-date=2 March 2022}}
* {{cite book |last=McLynn |first=Frank |title=Genghis Khan: His Conquests, His Empire, His Legacy |year=2015 |publisher=Hachette Books |isbn=978-0-306-82395-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/genghiskhanhisco0000mcly}}
* {{cite book |translator-last=de Rachewiltz |translator-first=Igor |translator-link=Igor de Rachewiltz |date=2015 |title=The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century |url=https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks |accessdate=22 November 2022 |type=Shorter Version; edited by John C. Street |ref={{SfnRef|de Rachewiltz 2015}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Ratchnevsky |first=Paul |year=1991 |translator=Thomas Haining |translator-link=Thomas Haining |title=Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy |publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing]] |location=Oxford |url=https://archive.org/details/genghiskhan00paul/ |url-access=registration |isbn=978-06-31-16785-3}}
{{refend}}
{{Generals and ministers of Genghis Khan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boroqul}}
[[Category:Generals of the Mongol Empire]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:13th-century generals]]
[[Category:1217 deaths]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@
[[File:YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg|thumb|alt=A portrait of a Mongol man wearing an orange robe and a pointed green cap; his mustache and beard are long and thin.|A [[Yuan dynasty]] portrait of [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]], whose life Boroqul saved after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203.]]
-Although he led troops in many actions during his liege's [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]],{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=62}} the deed which won Boroqul the most acclaim occurred shortly after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203. Having been betrayed by his ally [[Toghrul]], Temüjin suffered a decisive loss on the Khalakhaljid Sands and was forced to withdraw. During the battle, his seventeen year-old son [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] had been badly wounded by an arrow in the neck; Boroqul saved Ögedei's life by continuously sucking [[blood clot|clotted blood]] from the wound during the night ride to Temüjin's camp. When they arrived shortly after Bo'orchu, the ''Secret History'' notes, "blood [was] trickling from the corners of [Boroqul's] mouth."{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 173}}{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=75}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|pp=68–71}}
+Although he led troops in many actions during his liege's [[Rise of Genghis Khan|rise to power]],{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=62}} the deed which won Boroqul the most acclaim occurred shortly after the [[Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands]] in 1203. Having been betrayed by his ally [[Toghrul]], Temüjin suffered a decisive loss on the Khalakhaljid Sands and was forced to withdraw. During the battle, his seventeen year-old son [[Ögedei Khan|Ögedei]] had been badly wounded by an arrow in the neck; Boroqul saved Ögedei's life by continuously sucking [[blood clot|clotted blood]] from the wound during the night ride to Temüjin's camp. When they arrived shortly after Bo'orchu, the ''Secret History'' notes, "blood [was] trickling from the corners of [Boroqul's] mouth."{{sfn|de Rachewiltz 2015|loc=§ 173}}{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=75}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|pp=68–71}} According to the ''Secret History'', his wife Altani also gained renown for saving Temüjin's youngest son [[Tolui]] from a Tatar kidnapping attempt, although another account recounts that Tolui was saved by his adopted brother [[Shigi Qutuqu]] and a nearby [[Bankhar Dog|Mongol sheepdog]].{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1993|pp=77–78}}{{sfn|Atwood|2004|2p=542}}
As a result of these and other actions, Boroqul was honoured greatly at the [[kurultai]] Temüjin called in May 1206. He received a selection of rewards and exemptions, bettered only by those given Bo'orchu and [[Muqali]], which included exemptions from the [[death penalty]], and positions including [[cupbearer]] and [[Steward (office)|high steward]]. [[Rashid al-Din Hamadani]] recorded in his ''[[Jami' al-tawarikh]]'' that Boroqul and Bo'orchu were told that Temüjin, now entitled Genghis Khan, held them in such respect that he would never issue them with specific military orders, unlike other generals such as Muqali, Jebe, and [[Subutai]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=95}}{{sfn|Ratchnevsky|1991|p=117}} The two also shared titular command of the ''[[Kheshig|keshig]]'', the Mongol imperial guard, with Muqali and Chilaun.{{sfn|Atwood|2004|p=44}} Genghis named these four as his "steeds", and together with his "hounds" (Subutai, Jebe, [[Jelme]], and {{ill|Khubilai Noyon|fr|Khubilai (guerrier)}}) and the fellow foundling [[Shigi Qutuqu]], they formed the khan's "paladins", or [[Cabinet (government)|inner council]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|p=96}} Boroqul would command the 38,000 troops of the Mongol right wing with Bo'orchu, and as the khan's most trusted advisors, they and Muqali played a key role in advocating for Genghis' brother [[Qasar]] during his dispute with the [[shaman]] [[Kokochu]].{{sfn|McLynn|2015|pp=108–109, 125}}
' |
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<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">General and companion of Genghis Khan</div>
<p><b>Boroqul</b> (<a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_language" title="Mongolian language">Mongolian</a>: <span lang="mn">Борохул</span>, also known as <b>Boroghul</b>, <b>Boro'ul</b>, and <b>Borokhula</b>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1162</span>–1217<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015xx_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015xx-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was one of the foremost generals of Temüjin (later <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>) during his <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_of_Genghis_Khan" title="Rise of Genghis Khan">rise to power</a>. Raised as a <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_abandonment" title="Child abandonment">foundling</a> by Temüjin's mother <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoelun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoelun">Hoelun</a>, he won great renown by saving the life of Temüjin's son and future heir <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96gedei_Khan" title="Ögedei Khan">Ögedei</a> after the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Khalakhaljid_Sands" title="Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands">Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands</a> in 1203.
</p><p>In recognition of this and other achievements, Boroqul became a member of Genghis' inner council and one of his most trusted advisors alongside <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%27orchu" title="Bo'orchu">Bo'orchu</a> and <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muqali" title="Muqali">Muqali</a>. Boroqul died on a campaign against the northern <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumed" title="Tumed">Tumed</a> tribes in 1217, but his achievements meant his clan remained prominent leaders in the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> for centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boroqul&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Life and career"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<p>Boroqul first appears in the historical record shortly after <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tem%C3%BCjin" class="mw-redirect" title="Temüjin">Temüjin</a>'s marriage to his wife <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6rte" title="Börte">Börte</a> in around 1177 or 1178.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Secret_History_of_the_Mongols" class="mw-redirect" title="The Secret History of the Mongols">The Secret History of the Mongols</a></i>, a traditional Mongol account of Temüjin's rise to power, notes that Boroqul was originally from the Üüshin lineage of the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_medieval_Mongol_tribes_and_clans#Core_Mongolic_tribes" title="List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans">Jurkin tribe</a> and was raised by Temüjin's mother <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoelun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoelun">Hoelun</a> as a <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_abandonment" title="Child abandonment">foundling</a> after being saved by <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebe" title="Jebe">Jebe</a>, a leading Mongol general.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_137–138_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_137–138-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004406_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004406-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serving as Temüjin's <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B6ker_(military)" title="Nöker (military)">nökor</a></i> (personal companion; <abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr> <i>nökod</i>), Boroqul prospered under his new liege, soon becoming the highest-ranking <i>nökor</i> after Temüjin's great friend <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%27orchu" title="Bo'orchu">Bo'orchu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A portrait of a Mongol man wearing an orange robe and a pointed green cap; his mustache and beard are long and thin." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg/220px-YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg/330px-YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg/440px-YuanEmperorAlbumOgedeiPortrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3176" data-file-height="4039" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan dynasty</a> portrait of <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96gedei_Khan" title="Ögedei Khan">Ögedei</a>, whose life Boroqul saved after the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Khalakhaljid_Sands" title="Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands">Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands</a> in 1203.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Although he led troops in many actions during his liege's <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rise_of_Genghis_Khan" title="Rise of Genghis Khan">rise to power</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201562_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201562-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the deed which won Boroqul the most acclaim occurred shortly after the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Khalakhaljid_Sands" title="Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands">Battle of Khalakhaljid Sands</a> in 1203. Having been betrayed by his ally <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toghrul" title="Toghrul">Toghrul</a>, Temüjin suffered a decisive loss on the Khalakhaljid Sands and was forced to withdraw. During the battle, his seventeen year-old son <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96gedei_Khan" title="Ögedei Khan">Ögedei</a> had been badly wounded by an arrow in the neck; Boroqul saved Ögedei's life by continuously sucking <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_clot" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood clot">clotted blood</a> from the wound during the night ride to Temüjin's camp. When they arrived shortly after Bo'orchu, the <i>Secret History</i> notes, "blood [was] trickling from the corners of [Boroqul's] mouth."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_173_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_173-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201575_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201575-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199168–71_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199168–71-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <i>Secret History</i>, his wife Altani also gained renown for saving Temüjin's youngest son <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolui" title="Tolui">Tolui</a> from a Tatar kidnapping attempt, although another account recounts that Tolui was saved by his adopted brother <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigi_Qutuqu" title="Shigi Qutuqu">Shigi Qutuqu</a> and a nearby <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bankhar_Dog" title="Bankhar Dog">Mongol sheepdog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199377–78_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199377–78-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>As a result of these and other actions, Boroqul was honoured greatly at the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurultai" title="Kurultai">kurultai</a> Temüjin called in May 1206. He received a selection of rewards and exemptions, bettered only by those given Bo'orchu and <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muqali" title="Muqali">Muqali</a>, which included exemptions from the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a>, and positions including <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupbearer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cupbearer">cupbearer</a> and <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steward_(office)" title="Steward (office)">high steward</a>. <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashid_al-Din_Hamadani" title="Rashid al-Din Hamadani">Rashid al-Din Hamadani</a> recorded in his <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jami%27_al-tawarikh" title="Jami' al-tawarikh">Jami' al-tawarikh</a></i> that Boroqul and Bo'orchu were told that Temüjin, now entitled Genghis Khan, held them in such respect that he would never issue them with specific military orders, unlike other generals such as Muqali, Jebe, and <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subutai" title="Subutai">Subutai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201595_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201595-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two also shared titular command of the <i><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kheshig" title="Kheshig">keshig</a></i>, the Mongol imperial guard, with Muqali and Chilaun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood200444_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood200444-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genghis named these four as his "steeds", and together with his "hounds" (Subutai, Jebe, <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelme" title="Jelme">Jelme</a>, and <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khubilai_Noyon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khubilai Noyon (page does not exist)">Khubilai Noyon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khubilai_(guerrier)" class="extiw" title="fr:Khubilai (guerrier)">fr</a>]</span>) and the fellow foundling <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigi_Qutuqu" title="Shigi Qutuqu">Shigi Qutuqu</a>, they formed the khan's "paladins", or <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">inner council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201596_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201596-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boroqul would command the 38,000 troops of the Mongol right wing with Bo'orchu, and as the khan's most trusted advisors, they and Muqali played a key role in advocating for Genghis' brother <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasar" title="Qasar">Qasar</a> during his dispute with the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaman">shaman</a> <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kokochu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kokochu (page does not exist)">Kokochu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015108–109,_125_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015108–109,_125-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In 1217, Boroqul set out to command an expedition against the northern <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumed" title="Tumed">Tumed</a> tribes, despite having a strong premonition of his impending death if he went.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015141_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015141-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He achieved initial successes against the tribes, who had captured the Mongol general <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qutuqa_Beki" title="Qutuqa Beki">Qutuqa Beki</a>, but was ambushed and killed away from the main force by Tumed scouts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004502_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004502-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Incensed at the news of his companion's death, Genghis made preparations to personally lead the campaign, but was dissuaded from this course by Muqali and Bo'orchu; he instead sent his eldest son <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jochi" title="Jochi">Jochi</a>, accompanied by the general <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dorbei_Doqshin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dorbei Doqshin (page does not exist)">Dorbei Doqshin</a>, who together managed to subjugate the Tumed during a gruelling <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold-weather_warfare" title="Cold-weather warfare">winter campaign</a> in 1217–18.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015142_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A hundred Tumeds were sacrificed in vengeance for Boroqul's death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Genghis took responsibility for the welfare of Boroqul's children, awarding them honours and taking an interest in their careers;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Üüshin clan to which he belonged became a powerful <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">aristocratic family</a> in the <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood200499_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood200499-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His family continued to receive the titular command of the <i>keshig</i> under <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kublai_Khan" title="Kublai Khan">Kublai Khan</a>; <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C3%96chicher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Öchicher (page does not exist)">Öchicher</a>, one of Boroqul's descendants, managed to amass great personal wealth in this position in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297,_415_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297,_415-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boroqul&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015xx-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015xx_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. xx.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, p. 297.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201544_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 44.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_137–138-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_137–138_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Rachewiltz_2015">de Rachewiltz 2015</a>, § 137–138.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004406-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004406_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, p. 406.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201562-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201562_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 62.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_173-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Rachewiltz_2015§_173_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Rachewiltz_2015">de Rachewiltz 2015</a>, § 173.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201575-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201575_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 75.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199168–71-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199168–71_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRatchnevsky1991">Ratchnevsky 1991</a>, pp. 68–71.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199377–78-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky199377–78_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRatchnevsky1993">Ratchnevsky 1993</a>, pp. 77–78.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRatchnevsky1993 (<a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201595-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201595_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 95.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERatchnevsky1991117_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRatchnevsky1991">Ratchnevsky 1991</a>, p. 117.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood200444-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood200444_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, p. 44.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201596-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn201596_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 96.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015108–109,_125-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015108–109,_125_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, pp. 108–109, 125.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015141-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015141_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, p. 141.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004502-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004502_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, p. 502.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015142-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcLynn2015142_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcLynn2015">McLynn 2015</a>, pp. 142.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood200499-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood200499_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, p. 99.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297,_415-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAtwood2004297,_415_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAtwood2004">Atwood 2004</a>, pp. 297, 415.</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boroqul&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Sources"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
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<ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAtwood2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Atwood" title="Christopher Atwood">Atwood, Christopher P.</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/8855875"><i>Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire</i></a>. New York: Facts on File. <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-4671-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-4671-3"><bdi>978-0-8160-4671-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Mongolia+and+the+Mongol+Empire&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Facts+on+File&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-4671-3&rft.aulast=Atwood&rft.aufirst=Christopher+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F8855875&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoroqul" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLynn2015" class="citation book cs1">McLynn, Frank (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/genghiskhanhisco0000mcly"><i>Genghis Khan: His Conquests, His Empire, His Legacy</i></a>. Hachette Books. <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82395-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82395-4"><bdi>978-0-306-82395-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genghis+Khan%3A+His+Conquests%2C+His+Empire%2C+His+Legacy&rft.pub=Hachette+Books&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-306-82395-4&rft.aulast=McLynn&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgenghiskhanhisco0000mcly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoroqul" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Rachewiltz_2015" class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cedar.wwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=cedarbooks"><i>The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century</i></a> (Shorter Version; edited by John C. Street). Translated by <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_de_Rachewiltz" title="Igor de Rachewiltz">de Rachewiltz, Igor</a>. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+History+of+the+Mongols%3A+A+Mongolian+Epic+Chronicle+of+the+Thirteenth+Century&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fcedar.wwu.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1003%26context%3Dcedarbooks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoroqul" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRatchnevsky1991" class="citation book cs1">Ratchnevsky, Paul (1991). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/genghiskhan00paul/"><i>Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy</i></a></span>. Translated by <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Haining" title="Thomas Haining">Thomas Haining</a>. Oxford: <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackwell_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwell Publishing">Blackwell Publishing</a>. <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-06-31-16785-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-06-31-16785-3"><bdi>978-06-31-16785-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genghis+Khan%3A+His+Life+and+Legacy&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-06-31-16785-3&rft.aulast=Ratchnevsky&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgenghiskhan00paul%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoroqul" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
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id="Generals_and_ministers_of_Genghis_Khan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Generals and ministers of <a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%27orchu" title="Bo'orchu">Bo'orchu</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boroqul</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebe" title="Jebe">Jebe</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelme" title="Jelme">Jelme</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muqali" title="Muqali">Muqali</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigi_Qutuqu" title="Shigi Qutuqu">Shigi Qutuqu</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorqan_Shira" title="Sorqan Shira">Sorqan Shira</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subutai" title="Subutai">Subutai</a></li>
<li><a href="/https/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yel%C3%BC_Chucai" title="Yelü Chucai">Yelü Chucai</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
