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'{{Short description|Russian diplomat (1752–1836)}} {{Expand Ukrainian|topic=bio|date=September 2023}} {{Family name hatnote|Kirillmovich|[[Razumovsky]]|lang=Eastern Slavic}} {{Infobox person | name = Andreas Razumoffsky | image = Portrait of Andrey Razumovsky, by Lampi the Younger (1810).jpg | caption = Portrait of Razumovsky from 1810 by Austrian artist [[Johann Baptist von Lampi the Younger|Lampi the Younger]] | native_name = {{nobold|Андрей Разумовский}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|1752|11|02|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Hlukhiv|Glukhov]], [[Cossack Hetmanate]], Russian Empire | death_date = {{Birth date|1836|09|23|df=y}} | death_place = Vienna, Austrian Empire | occupation = [[Diplomat]], [[patronage]] | children = | father = [[Kirill Razumovski|Kirill Razumovsky]] }} Count (later Prince) '''Andrey Kirillovich Razumovsky'''{{efn|{{lang-ru|Андре́й Кири́ллович Разумо́вский|Andryéy Kiríllovich Razumóvskiy}}; {{lang-uk|Андрі́й Кири́лович Розумо́вський|Andriy Kirilovich Rozumovskyi}}; {{lang-de|Andreas von Rasumofsky}}}} (2 November 1752&nbsp;– 23 September 1836) was a Russian diplomat who spent many years of his life in Vienna. His name is transliterated differently in different English sources, including spellings '''Razumovsky''', '''Rasumofsky''', and '''Rasoumoffsky'''.{{efn|This last spelling was used by the British Government for its official translation from the French of the [[Treaty of Paris (1815)|Paris peace treaty of 1815]] and the [[Final Act of the Congress of Vienna]].}} ==Life== Razumovsky was the son of [[Kirill Razumovsky]], the last [[hetman of the Zaporizhian Host]], and of [[Yekaterina Naryshkina|Catherine Naryshkina]], a cousin of [[Elizabeth of Russia]]. He was also a nephew of the Elizabeth's lover, [[Aleksey Grigorievich Razumovsky]], called the "Night Emperor" of Russia. The elder Rasumovsky's late [[Baroque]] palace on the [[Nevsky Prospekt]] is a minor landmark in [[Saint Petersburg]]. In 1792, Andrey Kirillovich was appointed the [[Ambassador of Russia to Austria|tsar's diplomatic representative]] to the [[Habsburg]] court in [[Vienna]], one of the crucial diplomatic posts during the [[Napoleonic era]]. In 1779, Razumovsky became the first Russian ambassador in the [[Kingdom of Naples]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.napolitoday.it/cronaca/napoli-russia-ambasciatore-razov-video.html|title=Napoli e la Russia modello diplomatico: apposta una targa in via Nardones (VIDEO)|website=NapoliToday|accessdate=May 28, 2019}}</ref> He was a chief negotiator during the [[Congress of Vienna]] that re-organised Europe in 1814, and asserted Russian rights in Poland. In 1808, he established a [[Schuppanzigh Quartet|house string quartet]] consisting of [[Ignaz Schuppanzigh]], Louis Sina, [[Franz Weiss (violist)|Franz Weiss]], and [[Joseph Linke]]. Razumovsky was an accomplished amateur violinist, and also known as a competent [[torban]] (see also: [[theorbo]]) player. The [[Kunsthistorisches Museum]] in Vienna holds one of the four torbans known to have been in his possession. His commissioning [[String Quartets Nos. 7–9, Op. 59 – Rasumovsky (Beethoven)|three string quartets]] from [[Ludwig van Beethoven|Beethoven]] in 1806 was the act that has made his name familiar. He asked Beethoven to include a Russian theme in each quartet: Beethoven included such kind of themes in the first two.<ref> [[Edward Dusinberre]], Beethoven for a later age, [[Faber and Faber]] 2016 </ref> Razumovsky was the brother-in-law of another of Beethoven's patrons, Prince [[Joseph Franz von Lobkowitz]]. His first wife, Countess Elisabeth von [[Thun und Hohenstein]] was a sister in law of [[Karl Alois, Prince Lichnowsky|Karl Alois, Prince Lichnowsky von Woschütz]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PUm1lS2j-wQC&q=Countess+Elisabeth+von+Thun&pg=PA1440|title=The Titled Nobility of Europe: An International Peerage, Or "Who's Who", of the Sovereigns, Princes and Nobles of Europe|last=of)|first=Melville Amadeus Henry Douglas Heddle de La Caillemotte de Massue de Ruvigny Ruvigny and Raineval (9th marquis|date=1914|publisher=Harrison & Sons|language=en}}</ref> == The ''Palais Rasumofsky'' == {{Main|Palais Rasumofsky}} [[File:Wien Oberrealschule (Palais Rasumofsky).jpg|thumb|Palais Rasumofsky, Vienna.]] Razumovsky built a magnificent [[Neoclassicism|Neoclassic]] palace worthy of the representative of [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]], at his own expense and to the designs of [[Louis Montoyer]], on the [[Landstraße]], quite close to Vienna, and filled it with antiquities and modern works of art. In the morning of 31 December 1814, during the preparation of a ball with the Tsar [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] as guest of honor, a fire broke out in a temporary ballroom extension, setting the ballroom ablaze and burning out roomfuls of art in the back wing of the palace.<ref>{{cite book |last=King |first=David |url=https://archive.org/details/vienna1814howcon00king/page/192 |title=Vienna, 1814: How the Conquerors of Napoleon Made Love, War, and Peace at the Congress of Vienna |publisher=Harmony Books |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-307-33716-0 |location=New York, NY |pages=[https://archive.org/details/vienna1814howcon00king/page/192 192] |url-access=registration}}</ref> Even though he was raised to Prince the following year, Razumovsky was never the same. He lived in seclusion in Vienna until his death in 1836. In 1862, the street on which Razumovsky's palace is located was named ''Rasumofskygasse''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Razumofskygasse |url=https://www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at/Rasumofskygasse |access-date=27 September 2023 |website=geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at |publisher=[[Vienna History Wiki]] |language=de}}</ref> ==Conversion to Roman Catholicism== Razumovsky converted to Roman Catholicism from his native religion, Russian Orthodoxy, under the influence of his second wife, Countess Konstanze von Thürheim (1785–1867), sister of his friend [[Lulu von Thürheim]], whom he married in February 1816.<ref>https://www.angelfire.com/realm/gotha/gotha/razumovsky.html</ref> ==Andrey Razumovsky Musical Fest == On October 22, 2015 a long-awaited musical event - Andrey Razumovsky IV Regional musical festival-competition of young performers took place in Hetman Razumovsky Palace in [[Baturin]]. This tradition started in 2012 in Baturin palace at the time of the 260 birthday anniversary of Andrey Razumovsky. He is world-known for his role as patron of [[Ludwig van Beethoven]] who dedicated three String Quartets, Op. 59 1, 2 and 3, as well as the [[Symphony No. 5 (Beethoven)|5th]] and the [[Symphony No. 6 (Beethoven)|6th]] Symphonies to him. == See also == * [[Razumovsky]], about his family * [[Naryshkin family|Naryshkin]], about his family * [[Galitzine]], about another Russian prince and patron of Beethoven ==Notes== {{notelist}} == References == {{Reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.zerkalo-nedeli.com/nn/show/103/8152/ Zerkalo Nedeli (Mirror Weekly) № 38, 1996]{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} (in Russian) * [https://web.archive.org/web/20060918195027/http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/collection/international/painting/r/ipa00094.html Portrait] of Andrey Kyrillovich Razumovsky, aged 24, in the National Gallery of Victoria (Melbourne, Australia) The evolution of the three [[Partitions of Poland]] during the end of the 18th century, leading to some 125 years of Polish political eclipse of the formerly secular powerful Lithuanian-Polish Kingdom until 1918 can be seen in the well informed page: * [http://www.baturin-capital.gov.ua/component/content/article/23-news/756-1510221.html/ website of NHCP "Hetman's capital"] (in Ukrainian) {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Razumovsky, Andrey}} [[Category:1752 births]] [[Category:1836 deaths]] [[Category:People from Hlukhiv]] [[Category:Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire]] [[Category:Ambassadors of the Russian Empire to Austria]] [[Category:Active Privy Councillors, 1st class (Russian Empire)]] [[Category:American classical musicians]] [[Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy]] [[Category:Former Russian Orthodox Christians]] [[Category:Razumovsky family|Andrey]] [[Category:Russian Roman Catholics]] [[Category:Politicians from the Russian Empire]] [[Category:Torbanists]] [[Category:Ambassadors of the Russian Empire to Denmark]] [[Category:Participants to the Congress of Vienna|R]]'