Examine individual changes

'@@ -1,28 +1,33 @@ {{Short description|American painter}} {{Infobox artist -| name = Elba A. Lightfoot<ref>{{cite news |title=Elba Lightfoot in New York |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/112651198/the-new-york-age/ |access-date=6 November 2022 |work=The New York Age |date=19 September 1931}}</ref> -| image = Archives of American Art - Elba Lightfoot - 2232.jpg -| image_size = -| caption = Elba Lightfoot working on [[Mother Goose|''Mother Goose Rhymes'']], 1938 [[Federal Art Project|WPA mural]] at [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]], New York, NY. From the collection of the [[Archives of American Art]]. -| birth_name = -| birth_date = {{birth-date|1910}} -| birth_place = -| death_date = {{death-date|1989}} -| death_place = -| nationality = American -| known_for = [[Muralist]] -| training = -| movement = -| notable_works = -| patrons = -| awards = +| name = Elba A. Lightfoot<ref>{{cite news |title=Elba Lightfoot in New York |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/112651198/the-new-york-age/ |access-date=6 November 2022 |work=The New York Age |date=19 September 1931}}</ref> +| image = Archives of American Art - Elba Lightfoot - 2232.jpg +| image_size = +| caption = Elba Lightfoot working on [[Mother Goose|''Mother Goose Rhymes'']], 1938 [[Federal Art Project|WPA mural]] at [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]], New York, NY. From the collection of the [[Archives of American Art]]. +| birth_name = Elba Ansaloise Lightfoot +| birth_date = {{birth-date|1906}} +| birth_place = [[Evanston, Illinois]] +| death_date = {{death-date|1989}} +| nationality = American +| known_for = [[Muralist]] +| training = +| movement = +| notable_works = [[Federal Art Project]] murals at [[Harlem Hospital]] +| patrons = +| awards = }} -'''''Elba Lightfoot''''' (1910-1989<ref>{{cite web |title=In Celebration of the Life of Elba Lightfoot DeReyes |url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6509d980-f013-013a-47b3-0242ac110003 |website=NYPL Digital Collections |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref>) was an African-American artist known for her work on the [[Works Progress Administration]] (WPA) murals at [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elba Lightfoot |publisher=askART |access-date=2012-02-02|url = http://www.askart.com/artist_keywords/Elba_Lightfoot/10032704/Elba_Lightfoot.aspx }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | title = Full text of 'The New Deal fine arts projects : a bibliography, 1933-1992'| year = 1994 | isbn = 9780810827493 | access-date = 2012-02-02 | url = https://archive.org/stream/newdealfineartsp00kalf/newdealfineartsp00kalf_djvu.txt| last1 = Kalfatovic | first1 = Martin R. }} Berman, Greta. "Walls of Harlem." Arts 52 (October 1977): 122-26. "Account of six African-American artists ([[Charles Alston]], Vertis Hayes, [[Georgette Seabrooke]], Sara Murrell, Selma Day, and Elba Lightfoot) who worked on murals at the [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]] in 1936.</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Harlem Hospital WPA Murals - The Artists: Introduction | access-date = 2012-02-02 | url =http://iraas.columbia.edu/wpa/introartists.html}}</ref> +'''''Elba Lightfoot''''' (1906-1989<ref>{{cite web |title=In Celebration of the Life of Elba Lightfoot DeReyes |url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6509d980-f013-013a-47b3-0242ac110003 |website=NYPL Digital Collections |access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref>) was an African-American artist known for her work on the [[Works Progress Administration]] (WPA) murals at [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elba Lightfoot |publisher=askART |access-date=2012-02-02|url = http://www.askart.com/artist_keywords/Elba_Lightfoot/10032704/Elba_Lightfoot.aspx }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | title = Full text of 'The New Deal fine arts projects : a bibliography, 1933-1992'| year = 1994 | isbn = 9780810827493 | access-date = 2012-02-02 | url = https://archive.org/stream/newdealfineartsp00kalf/newdealfineartsp00kalf_djvu.txt| last1 = Kalfatovic | first1 = Martin R. }} Berman, Greta. "Walls of Harlem." Arts 52 (October 1977): 122-26. "Account of six African-American artists ([[Charles Alston]], Vertis Hayes, [[Georgette Seabrooke]], Sara Murrell, Selma Day, and Elba Lightfoot) who worked on murals at the [[Harlem Hospital Center|Harlem Hospital]] in 1936.</ref><ref>{{Cite web | title = Harlem Hospital WPA Murals - The Artists: Introduction | access-date = 2012-02-02 | url =http://iraas.columbia.edu/wpa/introartists.html}}</ref> -She was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]]. In 1935, together with [[Charles Alston]], [[Augusta Savage]] (who had experienced discrimination in her artistic career), others artists and bibliophile [[Arthur Schomburg]], Lightfoot founded the [[Harlem Artists Guild]]<ref>Sharon F. Patton, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2598QQgoRP8C&pg=PA147 "Negro art organizations"], ''African-American Art'', Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 147.</ref> to work towards equality in [[Federal Art Project|WPA art programs]] in New York.<ref name="Pierce">{{cite journal|author=[[Lemoine Deleaver Pierce]] |year=2004 |title=Charles Alston – An Appreciation |journal=The International Review of African American Art |issue=4 |pages=33–38 }}</ref><ref name="EncyclopediaHarlemRennassance">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Second Harlem Renaissance |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Harlem Rennassance |publisher=Routledge |access-date=February 2, 2012 |editor=Wintz, Carrie D. |editor2=Paul Finkelman |year=2004 |volume=1 |location=New York |page=1100 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NgIYlUbaoAoC&pg=PA1100 |isbn = 0-203-31930-3 }}</ref> In 1936, a group of African American artists, including Charles Alston, [[Georgette Seabrooke|Georgette Seabrook]], Vertis Hayes, Sara Murrell, Selma Day, and Lightfoot submitted mural designs for Harlem Hospital in New York City. The murals were approved by the WPA's [[Federal Art Project]] (FPA), but the hospital superintendent, L.T. Dermody, initially rejected four of the designs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African American art|url=https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000001094|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Grove Art Online|year=2003|language=en|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T001094|isbn=978-1-884446-05-4|last1=Perry|first1=Regenia|last2=Knight|first2=Christina|last3=Jegede|first3=Dele|last4=Cooks|first4=Bridget R.|last5=Holloway|first5=Camara Dia|last6=Borum|first6=Jenifer P.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=RACE BIAS CHARGED BY NEGRO ARTISTS; L.T. Dermody, Harlem Hospital Head, Accused of Rejecting 4 of 6 Murals.|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1936/02/22/88636072.html?pageNumber=13|access-date=2021-04-10|website=timesmachine.nytimes.com|language=en}}</ref> She was among the artists who took part in the ''Exhibition of the Art of the American Negro (1851-1940)'' (July 4–September 2, 1940), connected with the [[American Negro Exposition]], at the Tanner Art Galleries in [[Chicago]].<ref>[http://aavad.com/artistbibliog.cfm?id=1645 "DeReyes, Elba Lightfoot. (Evanston, IL, 1910-New York, NY, 1989)"], ''Exhibition of the Art of the American Negro (1851-1940)''. AAVAD.com.</ref> She also featured in ''American Negro Art, 19th and 20th Centuries'' (December 9, 1941 – January 3, 1942) at New York's [[Downtown Gallery]], the first exhibition of African-American art to have been held at a mainstream commercial gallery; curated by [[Edith Halpert]], owner of the gallery, the exhibition counted among its sponsored such prominent white patrons as Mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]], [[Archibald MacLeish]], [[A. Philip Randolph]], and [[Eleanor Roosevelt]].<ref>[http://aavad.com/artistbibliog.cfm?id=4079 "Lightfoot, Elba (De Reyes)"], ''American Negro Art, 19th and 20th Centuries''. AAVAD.com.</ref> +She was born in [[Evanston, Illinois]] to Isaac Lightfoot and Carrie Jones.<ref>"Illinois, Cook County, Birth Certificates, 1871-1949", database, ''FamilySearch'' (<nowiki>https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:Q239-B8MR</nowiki> : 5 October 2022), Elba Ansaloise Lightfoot, 1942.</ref> She grew up in Evanston and lived there until at least 1930.<ref>"United States Census, 1910," database with images, ''FamilySearch'' (<nowiki>https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MKH2-61L</nowiki> : accessed 24 April 2023), Elba Lightfoot in household of Izaih [sic] Lightfoot, Evanston, Cook, Illinois, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 100, sheet , family , NARA microfilm publication T624 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1982), roll ; FHL microfilm.</ref><ref>"United States Census, 1920", database with images, ''FamilySearch'' (<nowiki>https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MJW7-7SJ</nowiki> : 1 February 2021), Elbe Lightfoot in entry for Isaac Lightfoot, 1920.</ref><ref>"United States Census, 1930," database with images, ''FamilySearch'' (<nowiki>https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:XSRS-MH1</nowiki> : accessed 24 April 2023), Elba Lightfoot in household of Isoc Lightfoot, Evanston, Cook, Illinois, United States; citing enumeration district (ED) ED 2135, sheet 15B, line 65, family 319, NARA microfilm publication T626 (Washington D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2002), roll 500; FHL microfilm 2,340,235.</ref> She was educated at [[Northwestern University]] in Evanston and [[Art Students League of New York|Art Students' League]] in New York.<ref name="NYPL">{{cite web |author= |date=1990 |title=Postcard announcement "In Celebration of the Life of Elba Lightfoot DeReyes" |url=https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/6509d980-f013-013a-47b3-0242ac110003 |accessdate=April 24, 2023 |website=Digital Collections, [[New York Public Library]] |publisher=Astor, Lenox, and Tilden Foundations}}</ref> In 1936, she married Nicaraguan immigrant Alberto Reyes in New York.<ref>"New York, New York City Marriage Records, 1829-1938", database, ''FamilySearch'' (<nowiki>https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24DR-VTV</nowiki> : 21 August 2022), Alberto Reyes and Elba Ansoloise Lightfoot, 1934.</ref> + +In 1935, together with [[Charles Alston]], [[Augusta Savage]] (who had experienced discrimination in her artistic career), others artists and bibliophile [[Arthur Schomburg]], Lightfoot founded the [[Harlem Artists Guild]]<ref>Sharon F. Patton, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2598QQgoRP8C&pg=PA147 "Negro art organizations"], ''African-American Art'', Oxford University Press, 1998, p. 147.</ref> to work towards equality in [[Federal Art Project|WPA art programs]] in New York.<ref name="Pierce">{{cite journal|author=[[Lemoine Deleaver Pierce]] |year=2004 |title=Charles Alston – An Appreciation |journal=The International Review of African American Art |issue=4 |pages=33–38 }}</ref><ref name="EncyclopediaHarlemRennassance">{{cite encyclopedia |title=Second Harlem Renaissance |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of the Harlem Rennassance |publisher=Routledge |access-date=February 2, 2012 |editor=Wintz, Carrie D. |editor2=Paul Finkelman |year=2004 |volume=1 |location=New York |page=1100 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=NgIYlUbaoAoC&pg=PA1100 |isbn = 0-203-31930-3 }}</ref> In 1936, a group of African American artists, including Charles Alston, [[Georgette Seabrooke|Georgette Seabrook]], Vertis Hayes, Sara Murrell, Selma Day, and Lightfoot submitted mural designs for Harlem Hospital in New York City. The murals were approved by the WPA's [[Federal Art Project]] (FPA), but the hospital superintendent, L.T. Dermody, initially rejected four of the designs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=African American art|url=https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000001094|access-date=2021-04-10|website=Grove Art Online|year=2003|language=en|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T001094|isbn=978-1-884446-05-4|last1=Perry|first1=Regenia|last2=Knight|first2=Christina|last3=Jegede|first3=Dele|last4=Cooks|first4=Bridget R.|last5=Holloway|first5=Camara Dia|last6=Borum|first6=Jenifer P.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=RACE BIAS CHARGED BY NEGRO ARTISTS; L.T. Dermody, Harlem Hospital Head, Accused of Rejecting 4 of 6 Murals.|url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1936/02/22/88636072.html?pageNumber=13|access-date=2021-04-10|website=timesmachine.nytimes.com|language=en}}</ref> + +She was among the artists who took part in the ''Exhibition of the Art of the American Negro (1851-1940)'' (July 4–September 2, 1940), connected with the [[American Negro Exposition]], at the Tanner Art Galleries in [[Chicago]].<ref>[http://aavad.com/artistbibliog.cfm?id=1645 "DeReyes, Elba Lightfoot. (Evanston, IL, 1910-New York, NY, 1989)"], ''Exhibition of the Art of the American Negro (1851-1940)''. AAVAD.com.</ref> She also featured in ''American Negro Art, 19th and 20th Centuries'' (December 9, 1941 – January 3, 1942) at New York's Downtown Gallery, the first exhibition of African-American art to have been held at a mainstream commercial gallery; curated by [[Edith Halpert]], owner of the gallery. The exhibition counted among its sponsors such prominent white patrons as Mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]], [[Archibald MacLeish]], [[A. Philip Randolph]], and [[Eleanor Roosevelt]].<ref>[http://aavad.com/artistbibliog.cfm?id=4079 "Lightfoot, Elba (De Reyes)"], ''American Negro Art, 19th and 20th Centuries''. AAVAD.com.</ref> Elba Lightfoot appears in a group photograph of the artists of the WPA Art Center at 306 W. 141st St., [[New York City|New York]].<ref>[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/iraas/wpa/photos/groupartists-large.html "The artists of the 306 W. 141st Street WPA Art Center"]. Institute for Research in African-American Studies, Columbia University.</ref> A 1988 oral history interview of Elba Lightfoot is in the [[Camille Billops]] and James V. Hatch Archives at [[Emory University]].<ref>{{Cite web| title = Elba Lightfoot interview, 1988, in Emory FindingAids : Camille Billops and James V. Hatch Archives at Emory University : Series 3: Artist and Influence oral history interviews| access-date = 2012-02-02| url = http://findingaids.library.emory.edu/documents/billopshatch927/series3/}}</ref> + +A gravestone with her name at [[Trinity Church (Manhattan)|Trinity Church in Manhattan]] indicates that she died in 1989.<ref>''Find a Grave'', database and images (<nowiki>https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/50673077/elba-reyes</nowiki>: accessed 24 April 2023), memorial page for Elba Reyes (1907–1989), Find a Grave Memorial ID 50673077, citing Trinity Church Cemetery and Mausoleum, Manhattan, New York County (Manhattan), New York, USA; Maintained by recordagrave.org (contributor 46960600).</ref> ==References== @@ -39,5 +44,6 @@ {{DEFAULTSORT:Lightfoot, Elba}} [[Category:1910 births]] -[[Category:Year of death missing]] +[[Category:1989 deaths]] +[[Category:Artists from Evanston, Illinois]] [[Category:African-American painters]] [[Category:American muralists]] @@ -53,2 +59,6 @@ {{US-painter-1900s-stub}} +[[Category:20th-century African-American painters]] +[[Category:20th-century women artists]] +[[Category:Northwestern University alumni]] +[[Category:Art Students League of New York alumni]] '