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SBB Re 420

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SBB Re 420
Re 420 together with an Re 620
Type and origin
Power typeElectric
BuilderSLM Winterthur
BBC Baden
MFO Zürich
SAAS Geneva
Build date1964, 1967–1985
Total produced277 Re 4/4II
26 Re 4/4III
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARB-B
 • UICBo′Bo′
Gauge1,435 mm / 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in standard gauge
Length15,410 mm (50 ft 6+3⁄4 in) over buffers
Width2,970 mm (9 ft 8+7⁄8 in)
Height4,500 mm (14 ft 9+1⁄8 in)
Loco weight80–85 tonnes (79–84 long tons; 88–94 short tons)
Electric system/s15 kV  16+2⁄3 Hz AC Catenary
Current pickup(s)Pantograph
Loco brakeAir and Dynamic
Performance figures
Maximum speed140 km/h (87 mph) Re 4/4II
125 km/h (78 mph) Re 4/4III
Power output4,700 kW (6,300 hp)
Tractive effortContinuous: 150 kN (34,000 lbf) @105 km/h (65 mph),
Maximum: 255 kN (57,000 lbf)
Brakeforce135 kN (30,000 lbf)
Career
OperatorsSBB, BLS
ClassRe 4/4II, later Re 420
Re 4/4III, later Re 430
Numbers11101–11349, 11371–11397, later SBB 420 101–420 349; 421 371–421 397, BLS 420 501–420 512;
11350–11370 = 430 350–370 and RM/CR 436 111–115
DispositionRe 4/4II: 6 withdrawn, 12 sold to BLS, of which 6 withdrawn, 259 in SBB service (2010)
Re 4/4III: 21 in SBBC and 5 in CR service
Source[1]

The Re 420, originally and still widely called Re 4/4II,[2] are a series of versatile standard gauge electric locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS), but are also used by BLS AG (BLS Re 420.5)[3] and private companies (previously also by the Swiss Südostbahn, SOB). They were produced over a period of 21 years, from 1964 to 1985, and are currently used mainly for freight operations but still also for some push-pull passenger train services. It is the largest series of locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways and they are the most common type of locomotive in Switzerland.[2][4][5]

The Re 420 LION are refurbished Re 420 engines used for peak-hour commuter rail services of Zurich S-Bahn.[6]

The Re 421 is an upgraded version built for cross-border operations.[7]

The Re 430 (Re 436 of private companies), originally known as the Re 4/4III, are a derivative of the Re 420, modified for higher traction but lower speed.[8]

Operations

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As of 2024, the Re 420 are mainly used for freight services, where they are sometimes paired with the Re 620 (Re 6/6), especially in mountainous regions. That pairing is referred to as Re 10/10.[9][10]

Before the wide use of electric multiple units, the Re 420 was frequently used for passenger services, either as a single engine or in pairs. It is still in use for some passenger train services, for example for some peak-hour commuter rail services of Zurich S-Bahn, the EuroCity Transalpin[5] or for pulling carriages of the tourist-oriented Gotthard Panorama Express.

As of 2024, most standard gauge push-pull operations of passenger trains in Switzerland are run with Re 460 locomotives (respectively Re 450 on the Zurich S-Bahn network).

Former Swiss Express

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Re 420 11109 with Swiss Express livery at Zurich HB in 2022

Between 22 May 1975 and 28 May 1982, Swiss Federal Railways ran trainsets composed of Re 4/4II engines and Einheitswagen III (lit. 'standard carriage III') as Swiss Express [de] on the Geneva—Lausanne—Bern—Zurich—St. Gallen(—Rorschach) line.[11] For these services, locomotives Re 4/4II 11103, 11106, 11108, 11109, 11112, 11113, 11133 and 11141 had to be adapted accordingly, as the wagons were delivered with automatic coupling. The locomotives of the later series (from 11220, but without 11236–11238) were already prepared at the factory to accept the UIC coupling; However, since these were not yet available at the time, some Re 420 locomotives had to be converted specifically for the Swiss Express. They received an extended shock beam, new couplings and the appropriate paint in the Swiss Express colors orange-stone gray-orange. They also bear the then newly introduced SBB logo (the Swiss cross with two arrows) instead of the typical Swiss coat of arms. The length over the buffers was then 15,570 mm (613 in) instead of the usual 15,410 mm (607 in). The automatic coupling protruded over the buffers, resulting in a total length of 16,030 mm (631 in). With the adaptation of the Einheitswagen III for shuttle train operation, the ends of the compositions were given normal screw couplings, and subsequently the locomotives too.

On the occasion of major overhauls, locomotives № 11112, 11113 and 11133 were painted red; № 11103 and 11106 were taken over by the BLS and painted in their typical silver-blue-green livery. The 11141 retained the Swiss Express livery and was parked at the beginning of October 2007 and has been used as a heating locomotive ever since. After a general inspection in Bellinzona, the engine has been back in use since autumn 2009 in the red livery of the series.[12] Locomotive 11108 has been parked since 25 September 2020 due to expired deadlines and is now in the SBB Historic Depot in Olten. Re 4/4II 11133 is an ICN shunting locomotive in the Yverdon-les-Bains main workshop and has an additional beam with automatic coupling on one side instead of the screw coupling and buffer. Locomotive 11109 is the last one with the original Swiss Express scheme in operation for passenger train services.

Zurich S-Bahn (Re 420 LION)

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Between 2011 and 2016, 30 Re 420 locomotives of the passenger division (Re 4/4II 11201–11230) were refurbished for peak-hour services on the Zurich S-Bahn network (renumbered Re 420 201–230). Each set is composed of six or ten DPZ double-deck cars plus one Re 420 LION locomotive at each end (head and tail configuration).[13][14] The acronym LION stands for Lifting, Integration, Optimierung, Neugestaltung (in German, lit. 'facelift, integration, optimization, reconfiguration').[15][6] These trainsets are currently in use as S19, S21 or S23 services, among others.

Cross-border operations (Re 421)

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Six Re 4/4II (vehicle numbers 11196–11201; later 11195–11200) were equipped with a wider pantograph wiper in order to conform with Deutsche Bahn (DB) and Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) standards, which subsequently allowed these units to pull EuroCity (EC) trains over the borders to Bregenz (Austria) and Lindau (Germany). These workings were covered by the last series, engines 11371–11397, which were rebuilt for use in Germany and Austria, not only with a different pantograph but also with PZB/Indusi and other systems necessary for use abroad. These locomotives are classified Re 421 and are lettered for SBB Cargo but they also pulled passenger trains to Bregenz and Lindau (however, 11382 was never converted as it was already withdrawn with fire damage). Some Re 421 were later bought by Widmer Rail Services AG (WRS).[16]

With the December 2020 timetable change, in conjunction with the reopening of Lindau-Reutin station and electrification of the line to Munich, services between Zürich HB and Munich Central Station were no longer hauled by locomotives, but instead New Pendolino EMUs of SBB started operations on this line as EC/ECE.

Re 430 subseries

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SBB Re 4/4III 11350 ex SOB Re 4/4 41
Re 430 112 and 111 of WRS

When the former Südostbahn (SOB) had the opportunity to buy one of the first batch of 50 Re 4/4II locomotives before delivery, it had the gear modified for higher traction and lower speed for the steep routes on their network. This locomotive was delivered as SOB Re 4/4 41, which later became SBB Re 4/4III 11350 (or Re 430 11350, respectively).

Based on the SOB experience, the SBB ordered a batch of 20 Re 4/4III in 1969 for use on the Gotthard route. Three of those locomotives were sold to the SOB in the 1980s and renumbered Re 4/4 42–44. These locomotives were returned to the SBB between 1996 and 1998 in exchange for the four prototype Re 4/4IV, which, renamed as SOB Re 446, have push-pulled coaches of the Voralpen Express, along with the SOB Re 456 until 2019 (since then Südostbahn uses SOB Traverso EMUs).

The predecessors of the Regionalverkehr Mittelland (EBT, VHB and SMB) ordered a total of five Re 4/4III (engines 111–113, 141, 181). These locomotives were later renumbered (111–115) and worked for Crossrail AG as Re 436 111–115 until that company was dissolved in 2017. Re 436 vehicles numbered 111, 112, 114 and 115 were then sold to Widmer Rail Services AG (WRS).[16]

Stock

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The 267 Re 4/4II locomotives were delivered in seven series: 11101–11106 (prototypes), 11107–11155, 11156–11215, 11216–11254, 11255–11304, 11305–11349 and 11371–11397. In an effort to unify the numbering of their motive power and in UIC compliance, Swiss Federal Railways changed the numbering of the Re 4/4II to Re 420 and, accordingly, also the numbering of their locomotives was adjusted.

On 1 September 1999, locomotives numbered Re 4/4II 11101–11155, 11181, 11191–11270 and 11299–11304 were assigned to the SBB passenger division, and 11156–11171, 11173–11180, 11182–11190, 11271–11298, 11305–11311, 11313–11349 and 11371–11397 to the freight division (becoming SBB Cargo afterwards). At the end of 2002, locomotive 11172II (ex-MThB) joined the passenger fleet. One year later, 11225–11264 changed to SBB Cargo.[citation needed]

At the end of 2004, vehicle numbers 11225–11230 were changed to 11265–11270, and six locomotives were sold to BLS (see list). One year later, locomotives 11102–11107 followed. They were replaced in the passenger fleet by 11156–11159, 11161 and 11164 from SBB Cargo.[citation needed]

In total, 96 locomotives are owned by the passenger division, six by BLS (Re 420 501–506, ex SBB Re 4/4II 11110, 11117, 11119, 11123, 11137 and 11142) and all others by SBB Cargo. Several locomotives have been withdrawn from service and scraped. The following is an inventory lis of all Re 4/4II with further information:[2]


Named locomotives

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Re 4/4II 11239, named Porrentruy and carrying the town's coat of arms

Exceptionally, two Re 420 locomotives are named after communes, as indicated also by their respective coat of arms on the side of the engine. A third one is named 'Depot G', indicated below the driver's window:

  • Re 4/4II 11239 (Re 420 239-6) «Porrentruy»
  • Re 4/4II 11278 (Re 420 278-4) «Cham»
  • Re 4/4II 11191 (Re 420 191-9) «Depot G»

Locomotive Re 4/4II 11239 inherited the name and coat of arms of Porrentruy from Ae 6/6 11483, which after the foundation of the canton of Jura in 1979 was renamed after that canton. Locomotive Re 4/4II 11278 received the name and coat of arms of Cham from Re 6/6 11673, which was involved in an accident in May 2015 in Erstfeld and was subsequently used for spare parts.[17] Other Re 420 are not named, although the naming of both locomotives (e.g. SBB Ae 6/6, Re 460, Re 620) and EMUs (e.g. SBB RABDe 500 and RABe 501) is common customs in Switzerland.

Accidents

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  • Pine green Re 4/4II before modernization in Geneva in 1985, with round headlights
    Pine green Re 4/4II before modernization in Geneva in 1985, with round headlights
  • Fully modernized 11267: red color scheme, air conditioning, rectangular headlights, UIC plug, and steps
    Fully modernized 11267: red color scheme, air conditioning, rectangular headlights, UIC plug, and steps
  • Unit 11160 was the first locomotive to be equipped with air conditioning
    Unit 11160 was the first locomotive to be equipped with air conditioning
  • A freight train pulled by two Re 420 units
    A freight train pulled by two Re 420 units
  • Re 420 and Re 620 pull a freight train on the Gotthard route
    Re 420 and Re 620 pull a freight train on the Gotthard route
  • Re 420 310-5 with SBB Cargo livery
    Re 420 310-5 with SBB Cargo livery
  • Re 421 380-7: this subtype is adapted for service in Germany
    Re 421 380-7: this subtype is adapted for service in Germany
  • SBB Re 420 209-9 LION of Zurich S-Bahn
    SBB Re 420 209-9 LION of Zurich S-Bahn

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "The SBB Re 4/4² and Re 4/4³ series locomotives". Schweizerische Bauzeitung (in German). No. 14. April 1970. p. 311-318. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  2. ^ a b c "SBB Re 420 – Re 4/4II" (in German). juergs.ch. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  3. ^ "BLS Re 420.5" (in German). juergs.ch. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  4. ^ "SBB / BLS Re 4/4 II und III" (in German). lokifahrer.ch. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
  5. ^ a b "Das Ende der wichtigsten Lokomotive der SBB naht [The end of the most important locomotive of SBB is coming]" (in German). NZZ. 19 February 2024. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Umbau zu Re 420 LION". lokifahrer.ch (in German). Retrieved 29 December 2024.
  7. ^ "SBB Re 421" (in German). juergs.ch. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  8. ^ "SBB Re 430 – Re 4/4 III" (in German). juergs.ch. Retrieved 28 December 2024.
  9. ^ Carl Waldis. "Die Entwicklung der elektrischen Gotthard-Lokomotiven – Die Drehgestell-Lokomotiven". gotthardbahn.ch (in German). Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  10. ^ Bruno Lämmli. "Die Lokomotive im Dienst". lokifahrer.ch (in German). Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  11. ^ Berger, Urs G. (2010). "«Swiss-Express» – TEE-Komfort für den Städteschnellzug (Teil 1)". Semaphor (in German). 2010 (Sommer): 3–22.
  12. ^ "Lokomotive - Re 4/4 II 11141" (in German). Depot und Schienenfahrzeuge Koblenz (DSF). Retrieved 29 December 2012.
  13. ^ "LION: Modernisation of the Re 420 locomotive" (PDF). gaugemasterretail.com. Swiss Federal Railways. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  14. ^ "Wichtiger Auftrag für das SBB Industriewerk Bellinzona: 30 modernisierte Loks für die Zürcher S-Bahn" [Important order for the SBB industrial plant in Bellinzona: 30 modernized locomotives for the Zurich S-Bahn] (in German). 27 July 2011. Archived from the original on 25 March 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2024.
  15. ^ "Re 420 LION (English summary)". trainweb.org. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
  16. ^ a b "Lokpark" (in German). Widmer Rail Services AG (WRS). Retrieved 30 December 2024.
  17. ^ "Re 4/4 II Nr. 11278 «CHAM» – SBB Historic Team Erstfeld". historic-erstfeld.ch (in German). Archived from the original on 4 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  18. ^ "One dead in Zurich train collision" (in German). SWI swissinfo. 25 October 2003. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
  19. ^ "Zugunfall hätte verhindert werden können". Neue Zürcher Zeitung (in German). 17 January 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
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