1880 United States House of Representatives elections
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All 293 seats in the United States House of Representatives 147 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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![]() Results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Independent gain Independent hold Greenback gain Greenback hold Readjuster gain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1880 United States House of Representatives elections were held for the most part on November 2, 1880, with five states holding theirs early between June and October. They coincided with the 1880 presidential election which was won by James A. Garfield, who was a member of the House at the time. Elections were held for 293 seats of the United States House of Representatives, representing 38 states, to serve in the 47th United States Congress. This was the first time that every state held their regular House elections on or before Election Day. Special elections were also held throughout the year.
Issues such as Civil War loyalties, tariffs, graft and corruption dominated the year's elections, though none became substantive as a national issue. The economy was growing stronger after emerging from a long Depression. It was in this political environment that Garfield's Republican Party gained 19 seats and regained control of the House from the Democratic Party. The Greenback Party, an emerging party of workers and farmers, also lost seats in these elections, after gaining more than a dozen two years earlier.[3][4]
Election summaries
[edit]131 | 10 | 151 |
Democratic | Gb | Republican |
State | Type | Total seats |
Democratic | Greenback | Republican | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Alabama | District | 8 | 6 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Arkansas | District | 4 | 4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
California | District | 4 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
Colorado | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Connecticut | District | 4 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Delaware | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Florida | District | 2 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Georgia | District | 9 | 9[d] | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Illinois | District | 19 | 6 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
13 | ![]() |
Indiana | District | 13 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
8 | ![]() |
Iowa | District | 9 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
8 | ![]() |
Kansas | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Kentucky | District | 10 | 9 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Louisiana | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Maine[e] | District | 5 | 0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Maryland | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Massachusetts | District | 11 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
10 | ![]() |
Michigan | District | 9 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
9 | ![]() |
Minnesota | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Mississippi | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Missouri | District | 13 | 7 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
Nebraska | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Nevada | At-large | 1 | 1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
New Hampshire | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
New Jersey | District | 7 | 3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
4 | ![]() |
New York | District | 33[f] | 12 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
20 | ![]() |
North Carolina | District | 8 | 7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Ohio[e] | District | 20 | 5 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
15 | ![]() |
Oregon[e] | At-large | 1 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Pennsylvania | District | 27 | 7 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
18 | ![]() |
Rhode Island | District | 2 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
South Carolina | District | 5 | 4 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
Tennessee | District | 10 | 7 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Texas[e] | District | 6 | 5 | ![]() |
1 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Vermont[e] | District | 3 | 0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
3 | ![]() |
Virginia | District | 9 | 7[g] | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
2 | ![]() |
West Virginia | District | 3 | 3 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
Wisconsin | District | 8 | 2 | ![]() |
0 | ![]() |
6 | ![]() |
Total | 293[f] | 131[1] 44.7% |
![]() |
10[1] 3.4% |
![]() |
151[1] 51.5% |
![]() |
Early election dates
[edit]In 1845, Congress passed a law providing for a uniform nationwide date for choosing Presidential electors.[5] This law did not affect election dates for Congress, which remained within the jurisdiction of State governments, but over time, the States moved their Congressional elections to this date as well.
In 1880, no states held their elections after Election Day for the first time (California was the last state to hold late elections, in 1878). But 5 states, with 35 seats among them, held their elections before the rest of the states:
Special elections
[edit]46th Congress
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Missouri 7 | Alfred M. Lay | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent died December 8, 1879. New member elected January 10, 1880.[6] Democratic hold. Successor seated January 26, 1880.[7] Successor later lost re-election to the next term, see below. |
|
New York 32 | Ray V. Pierce | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent resigned September 18, 1880. New member elected November 2, 1880.[8] Democratic gain. Successor seated December 6, 1880.[7] Successor also elected to the next term, see below. |
|
Alabama 6 | Burwell B. Lewis | Democratic | 1874 1876 (Lost) 1878 |
Incumbent resigned October 1, 1880, to become President of the University of Alabama. New member elected sometime in 1880.[citation needed] Democratic hold. Successor seated December 8, 1880.[7] Successor had not been a candidate to the next term, see below. |
|
Ohio 19 | James A. Garfield | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent resigned November 8, 1880, to become U.S. president. New member elected November 30, 1880.[10] Republican hold. Successor seated December 13, 1880.[7] Successor had already been elected to the next term, see below. |
|
New Hampshire 3 | Evarts Worcester Farr | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent died November 30, 1880. New member elected December 28, 1880.[11] Republican hold. Successor seated January 8, 1881.[12] Successor was also elected to the next term. |
|
47th Congress
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire 3 | Evarts Worcester Farr | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent member-elect died November 30, 1880, having just been re-elected. New member elected December 28, 1880.[13] Republican hold. Successor was also elected to finish the current term. |
|
Alabama
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Alabama 1 | Thomas H. Herndon | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Alabama 2 | Hilary A. Herbert | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Alabama 3 | William J. Samford | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Alabama 4 | Charles M. Shelley | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Alabama 5 | Thomas Williams | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Alabama 6 | Newton N. Clements | Democratic | 1880 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Alabama 7 | William H. Forney | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Alabama 8 | William M. Lowe | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas 1 | Poindexter Dunn | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 2 | William F. Slemons | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Arkansas 3 | Jordan E. Cravens | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Arkansas 4 | Thomas M. Gunter | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
California 1 | Horace Davis | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
California 2 | Horace F. Page | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 3 | Campbell P. Berry | Democratic | 1879 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
California 4 | Romualdo Pacheco | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Colorado
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Colorado at-large | James B. Belford | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Connecticut
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut 1 | Joseph R. Hawley | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired when elected U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Connecticut 2 | James Phelps | Democratic | 1875 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Connecticut 3 | John T. Wait | Republican | 1876 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Connecticut 4 | Frederick Miles | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Delaware
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Delaware at-large | Edward L. Martin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Florida 1 | Robert H. M. Davidson | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Florida 2 | Noble A. Hull | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated June 1, 1882. Republican gain. |
|
Georgia
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia 1 | John C. Nicholls | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Georgia 2 | William E. Smith | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Georgia 3 | Philip Cook | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia 4 | Henry Persons | Independent Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Georgia 5 | Nathaniel J. Hammond | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia 6 | James H. Blount | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia 7 | William H. Felton | Independent Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Georgia 8 | Alexander H. Stephens | Democratic | 1873 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Georgia 9 | Emory Speer | Independent Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Illinois 1 | William Aldrich | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 2 | George R. Davis | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 3 | Hiram Barber Jr. | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Illinois 4 | John C. Sherwin | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 5 | Robert M. A. Hawk | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 6 | Thomas J. Henderson | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 7 | Philip C. Hayes | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Illinois 8 | Greenbury L. Fort | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Illinois 9 | Thomas A. Boyd | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Illinois 10 | Benjamin F. Marsh | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 11 | James W. Singleton | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 12 | William M. Springer | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 13 | Adlai Stevenson I | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Illinois 14 | Joseph G. Cannon | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 15 | Albert P. Forsythe | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Illinois 16 | William A. J. Sparks | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 17 | William R. Morrison | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 18 | John R. Thomas | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Illinois 19 | Richard W. Townshend | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Indiana
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Indiana 1 | William Heilman | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Indiana 2 | Thomas R. Cobb | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Indiana 3 | George A. Bicknell | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Indiana 4 | Jeptha D. New | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Indiana 5 | None (New seat) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
| ||
Indiana 6 | Thomas M. Browne Redistricted from the 5th district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Indiana 7 | Gilbert De La Matyr | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Indiana 8 | Abraham J. Hostetler | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Indiana 9 | Godlove S. Orth | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
William R. Myers Redistricted from the 6th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic loss. | ||
Indiana 10 | None (New seat) | New seat. New member elected. Republican gain. |
| ||
Indiana 11 | Calvin Cowgill | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Indiana 12 | Walpole G. Colerick | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Indiana 13 | John Baker | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. Republican loss. |
|
William H. Calkins Redistricted from the 10th district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Iowa
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Iowa 1 | Moses A. McCoid | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Iowa 2 | Hiram Price | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Iowa 3 | Thomas Updegraff | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Iowa 4 | Nathaniel C. Deering | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Iowa 5 | William G. Thompson | Republican | 1879 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Iowa 6 | James B. Weaver | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. President. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated March 3, 1883. Democratic gain. |
| ||||
Iowa 7 | Edward H. Gillette | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Iowa 8 | William F. Sapp | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Iowa 9 | Cyrus C. Carpenter | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kansas
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kansas 1 | John A. Anderson | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kansas 2 | Dudley C. Haskell | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kansas 3 | Thomas Ryan | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Kentucky 1 | Oscar Turner | Independent Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected as a Democrat. Democratic gain. |
|
Kentucky 2 | James A. McKenzie | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 3 | John W. Caldwell | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 4 | J. Proctor Knott | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 5 | Albert S. Willis | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 6 | John G. Carlisle | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 7 | Joseph C. S. Blackburn | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 8 | Philip B. Thompson Jr. | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Kentucky 9 | Thomas Turner | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Kentucky 10 | Elijah Phister | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Louisiana
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Louisiana 1 | Randall L. Gibson | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Louisiana 2 | E. John Ellis | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Louisiana 3 | Joseph H. Acklen | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Louisiana 4 | Joseph B. Elam | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Louisiana 5 | J. Floyd King | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Louisiana 6 | Edward W. Robertson | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine
[edit]Maine held elections for its five members on September 13, 1880.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | Thomas B. Reed | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 2 | William P. Frye | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 3 | Stephen Lindsey | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 4 | George W. Ladd | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maine 5 | Thompson H. Murch | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 1 | Daniel M. Henry | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Maryland 2 | Joshua F. C. Talbott | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 3 | William Kimmel | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Maryland 4 | Robert M. McLane | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Maryland 5 | Eli J. Henkle | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Maryland 6 | Milton Urner | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | William W. Crapo | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
|
Massachusetts 2 | Benjamin W. Harris | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
Others
|
Massachusetts 3 | Walbridge A. Field | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Massachusetts 4 | Leopold Morse | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 5 | Selwyn Z. Bowman | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 6 | George B. Loring | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Massachusetts 7 | William A. Russell | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 8 | William Claflin | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Massachusetts 9 | William W. Rice | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 10 | Amasa Norcross | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 11 | George D. Robinson | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Michigan 1 | John S. Newberry | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Michigan 2 | Edwin Willits | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan 3 | Jonas H. McGowan | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Michigan 4 | Julius C. Burrows | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan 5 | John W. Stone | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Michigan 6 | Mark S. Brewer | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Michigan 7 | Omar D. Conger | Republican | 1868 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan 8 | Roswell G. Horr | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Michigan 9 | Jay A. Hubbell | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Minnesota
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Minnesota 1 | Mark H. Dunnell | Republican | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Minnesota 2 | Henry Poehler | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Minnesota 3 | William D. Washburn | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Mississippi 1 | Henry L. Muldrow | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 2 | Van. H. Manning | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 3 | Hernando Money | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 4 | Otho R. Singleton | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 5 | Charles E. Hooker | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Mississippi 6 | James R. Chalmers | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated April 29, 1882. Republican gain. |
|
Missouri
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Missouri 1 | Martin L. Clardy | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 2 | Erastus Wells | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Missouri 3 | Richard G. Frost | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Election successfully contested. New member seated March 2, 1883. Republican gain. |
| ||||
Missouri 4 | Lowndes H. Davis | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 5 | Richard P. Bland | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 6 | James R. Waddill | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Greenback gain. |
|
Missouri 7 | John F. Philips | Democratic | 1880 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Greenback gain. |
|
Missouri 8 | Samuel L. Sawyer | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Missouri 9 | Nicholas Ford | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 10 | Gideon F. Rothwell | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Greenback gain. |
|
Missouri 11 | John B. Clark Jr. | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 12 | William H. Hatch | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Missouri 13 | Aylett H. Buckner | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nebraska
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nebraska at-large | Edward K. Valentine | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Nevada
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Nevada at-large | Rollin M. Daggett | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New Hampshire
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire 1 | Joshua G. Hall | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Hampshire 2 | James F. Briggs | Republican | 1877 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Hampshire 3 | Evarts W. Farr | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Jersey
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Jersey 1 | George M. Robeson | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Jersey 2 | Hezekiah B. Smith | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New Jersey 3 | Miles Ross | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Jersey 4 | Alvah A. Clark | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
New Jersey 5 | Charles H. Voorhis | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New Jersey 6 | John L. Blake | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New Jersey 7 | Lewis A. Brigham | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New York 1 | James W. Covert | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
New York 2 | Daniel O'Reilly | Independent Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 3 | Simeon B. Chittenden | Republican | 1874 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Independent gain. |
|
New York 4 | Archibald M. Bliss | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 5 | Nicholas Muller | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
New York 6 | Samuel S. Cox | Democratic | 1873 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 7 | Edwin Einstein | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 8 | Anson G. McCook | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 9 | Fernando Wood | Democratic | 1866 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 10 | James O'Brien | Independent Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 11 | Levi P. Morton | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 12 | Waldo Hutchins | Democratic | 1879 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 13 | John H. Ketcham | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 14 | John W. Ferdon | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 15 | William Lounsbery | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
New York 16 | John M. Bailey | Republican | 1878 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
New York 17 | Walter A. Wood | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 18 | John Hammond | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 19 | Amaziah B. James | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New York 20 | John H. Starin | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New York 21 | David Wilber | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
New York 22 | Warner Miller | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 23 | Cyrus D. Prescott | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 24 | Joseph Mason | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 25 | Frank Hiscock | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 26 | John H. Camp | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 27 | Elbridge G. Lapham | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 28 | Jeremiah W. Dwight | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 29 | David P. Richardson | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 30 | John Van Voorhis | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 31 | Richard Crowley | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New York 32 | Vacant | Rep. Ray V. Pierce (R) resigned September 18, 1880. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
| ||
New York 33 | Henry Van Aernam | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
North Carolina 1 | Jesse J. Yeates | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
North Carolina 2 | William H. Kitchin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
North Carolina 3 | Daniel L. Russell | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
North Carolina 4 | Joseph J. Davis | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
North Carolina 5 | Alfred M. Scales | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 6 | Walter L. Steele | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
North Carolina 7 | Robert F. Armfield | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
North Carolina 8 | Robert B. Vance | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio
[edit]Ohio held elections for its twenty members on October 12, 1880.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Ohio 1 | Benjamin Butterworth | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 2 | Thomas L. Young | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 3 | William D. Hill Redistricted from the 6th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 4 | John A. McMahon Redistricted from the 3rd district |
Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 5 | Benjamin Le Fevre | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 6 | Frank H. Hurd Redistricted from the 7th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 7 | Ebenezer B. Finley Redistricted from the 8th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Ohio 8 | J. Warren Keifer Redistricted from the 4th district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 9 | Henry L. Dickey Redistricted from the 11th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 10 | Thomas Ewing Jr. | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 11 | Henry S. Neal Redistricted from the 12th district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 12 | George L. Converse Redistricted from the 9th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 13 | Gibson Atherton Redistricted from the 14th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 14 | George W. Geddes Redistricted from the 15th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 15 | Adoniram J. Warner Redistricted from the 13th district |
Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Ohio 16 | Jonathan T. Updegraff Redistricted from the 18th district |
Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 17 | William McKinley Redistricted from the 16th district |
Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Ohio 18 | James Monroe Redistricted from the 17th district |
Republican | 1870 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 19 | James A. Garfield | Republican | 1862 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. President. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Ohio 20 | Amos Townsend | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Oregon
[edit]Oregon held its election early on June 7, 1880.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Oregon at-large | John Whiteaker | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Pennsylvania
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Pennsylvania 1 | Henry H. Bingham | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 2 | Charles O'Neill | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 3 | Samuel J. Randall | Democratic | 1862 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 4 | William D. Kelley | Republican | 1860 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 5 | Alfred C. Harmer | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 6 | William Ward | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 7 | William Godshalk | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 8 | Hiester Clymer | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 9 | A. Herr Smith | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 10 | Reuben K. Bachman | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 11 | Robert Klotz | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 12 | Hendrick B. Wright | Greenback | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 13 | John W. Ryon | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Greenback gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 14 | John W. Killinger | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 15 | Edward Overton Jr. | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 16 | John I. Mitchell | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent retired to run for U.S. senator. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 17 | Alexander H. Coffroth | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 18 | Horatio G. Fisher | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 19 | Frank E. Beltzhoover | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 20 | Seth H. Yocum | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 21 | Morgan W. Rise | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 22 | Russell Errett | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 23 | Thomas M. Bayne | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 24 | William S. Shallenberger | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 25 | Harry White | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Greenback gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 26 | Samuel B. Dick | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 27 | James H. Osmer | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Rhode Island
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Rhode Island 1 | Nelson W. Aldrich | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Rhode Island 2 | Latimer W. Ballou | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
South Carolina
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
South Carolina 1 | John S. Richardson | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 2 | Michael P. O'Connor | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 3 | D. Wyatt Aiken | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 4 | John H. Evins | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
South Carolina 5 | George D. Tillman | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | Robert L. Taylor | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Tennessee 2 | Leonidas C. Houk | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 3 | George G. Dibrell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Benton McMillin | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 5 | John M. Bright | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent lost re-election as an Independent Democrat. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Tennessee 6 | John F. House | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 7 | Washington C. Whitthorne | Democratic | 1870 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 8 | John D. C. Atkins | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 9 | Charles B. Simonton | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Tennessee 10 | H. Casey Young | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Texas
[edit]Texas held elections for its six members on June 1, 1880.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Texas 1 | John H. Reagan | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 2 | David B. Culberson | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 3 | Olin Wellborn | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 4 | Roger Q. Mills | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 5 | George W. Jones | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Texas 6 | Christopher C. Upson | Democratic | 1879 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont
[edit]Vermont held elections for its three members on September 7, 1880.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | Charles H. Joyce | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 2 | James M. Tyler | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 3 | Bradley Barlow | Greenback | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Virginia
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 1 | Richard L. T. Beale | Democratic | 1879 (special) | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Virginia 2 | John Goode | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Virginia 3 | Joseph E. Johnston | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Virginia 4 | Joseph Jorgensen | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 5 | George Cabell | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 6 | John R. Tucker | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Virginia 7 | John T. Harris | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Readjuster gain. |
|
Virginia 8 | Eppa Hunton | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Virginia 9 | James B. Richmond | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Readjuster gain. |
|
West Virginia
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
West Virginia 1 | Benjamin Wilson | Democratic | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
West Virginia 2 | Benjamin F. Martin | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
West Virginia 3 | John E. Kenna | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin
[edit]Wisconsin elected eight members of congress on Election Day, November 2, 1880.[281][282]
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Wisconsin 1 | Charles G. Williams | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 2 | Lucien B. Caswell | Republican | 1874 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 3 | George C. Hazelton | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 4 | Peter V. Deuster | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 5 | Edward S. Bragg | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 6 | Gabriel Bouck | Democratic | 1876 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain. |
|
Wisconsin 7 | Herman L. Humphrey | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wisconsin 8 | Thaddeus C. Pound | Republican | 1876 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Non-voting delegates
[edit]District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arizona Territory | John G. Campbell | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. |
|
Dakota Territory | Granville G. Bennett | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Idaho Territory | George Ainslie | Democratic | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Montana Territory | Martin Maginnis | Democratic | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
New Mexico Territory | Mariano S. Otero | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold. |
|
Utah Territory | George Q. Cannon | Republican | 1872 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Election successfully contested by Allen G. Campbell (D). Congress refused to seat representative-elect. Republican loss. | |||||
Washington Territory | Thomas H. Brents | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Wyoming Territory | Stephen W. Downey | Republican | 1878 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain. |
|
See also
[edit]- 1880 United States elections
- 1881 United States House of Representatives elections
- 46th United States Congress
- 47th United States Congress
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c Dubin (p. 255) counts 147 Republicans, 135 Democrats, 2 Readjusters, 1 Independent Democrat, and 8 Greenbacks at the start of the 47th United States Congress.
- ^ Included 7 Independent Democrats.
- ^ Includes 1 Independent Democrat elected in Georgia.
- ^ Includes 1 Independent Democrat elected in the 9th district.
- ^ a b c d e Elections held early.
- ^ a b 1 Independent, J. Hyatt Smith elected to the 3rd district.
- ^ Includes 2 Readjuster Democrats, elected to the 7th district and 9th district.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Martis 1989, pp. 134–135
- ^ Martis 1989, pp. 136–137.
- ^ Kennedy, Robert C. "A Midsummer-Night's Dream Nomination". The Learning Network: The New York Times on the web. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
- ^ Hartman, Dorothy W. "Politics of the 1870s and 1880s". connerprairie.org. Fishers, Indiana: Conner Prairie. Retrieved August 11, 2019.
- ^ Statutes at Large, 28th Congress, 2nd Session, p. 721.
- ^ a b "MO District 7 - Special Election". December 17, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ a b c d "Forty-Sixth Congress March 4, 1883, to March 3, 1881". Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
- ^ a b "NY District 32 - Special Election". April 24, 2011. Retrieved August 22, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections. 1975. p. 642.
- ^ a b "OH District 19 - Special Election". April 18, 2008. Retrieved August 22, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ a b "NH District 3 - Special Election". January 5, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "Forty-Sixth Congress March 4, 1879, to March 3, 1881". Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved August 9, 2019.
- ^ a b "NH District 3 - Special Election". January 5, 2011. Retrieved August 9, 2019 – via OurCampaigns.com.
- ^ "AL District 01". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 02". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 03". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 04". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 05". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 06". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 07". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AL District 08". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2021.
- ^ "AR District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "AR District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "AR District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "AR District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "CO At-Large Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaign. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "CT District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaign. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "CT District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaign. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "CT District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaign. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "CT District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaign. December 28, 2004. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "DE At-Large". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 27, 2021.
- ^ "FL - District 02 - Recount Race - Jan 21, 1881". Our Campaigns. May 16, 2006. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 23, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "GA - District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 26, 2009. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 22, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 23, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 7, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 12, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 25, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. July 29, 2015. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 11 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 1, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 12 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 13 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 14 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 15 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 16 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 2, 2007. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 17 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 18 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IL District 19 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2005. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 1, 2015. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 8, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 11 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 8, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 12 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 8, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IN District 13 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 8, 2010. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 13, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 14, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 15, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 19, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 28, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 16, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 16, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 19, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 23, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "IA - District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 24, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "KS - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 4, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "KS - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 4, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "KS - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 4, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 22, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 23, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 24, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 25, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 1, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 2, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 3, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 3, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 16, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "KY - District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 17, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 11, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 14, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 15, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 17, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 19, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "LA - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "ME District 1 Race - Sep 13, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "ME District 2 Race - Sep 13, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "ME District 3 Race - Sep 13, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 2, 2009. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "ME District 4 Race - Sep 13, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 30, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "ME District 5 Race - Sep 13, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 30, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 9, 2004. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 27, 2004. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 3 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 4, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 4 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 1, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 5 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 31, 2011. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MD District 6 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 10, 2004. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 11, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 12, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 12, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 12, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MI - District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 12, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MN District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MN - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. July 23, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MN - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. July 23, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MS - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MS - District 06 (overturned)". Our Campaigns. Retrieved March 12, 2021.
- ^ "MO District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 30, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 3 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 3 - Revised Vote total Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 17, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 4 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 5 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 2, 2005. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 6 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 24, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 7 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 24, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 8 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 24, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 9 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 1, 2010. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 24, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 11 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 12 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "MO District 13 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 15, 2007. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - NE - District 01 Race - Nov 2, 1880". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved September 19, 2021.
- ^ "NV At-Large Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 29, 2006. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NH District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 5, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NH District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 5, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NH District 3 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 5, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 15, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 15, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 3 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 16, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 4 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 16, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 5 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 16, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 6 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 14, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NJ District 7 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 14, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 18, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 11, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 3 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 12, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 4 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 11, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 11 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 2, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 12 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 20, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 13 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 14 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 15 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 19, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 16 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 1, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 17 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 20, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 18 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 20, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 19 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 8, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 20 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 21 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 19, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 22 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 7, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 23 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 8, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 24 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 30, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 25 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 6, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 26 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 8, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 27 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 11, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 28 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 24, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 29 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 20, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 30 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 1, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 31 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 19, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 32 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 24, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NY District 33 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 27, 2011. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "NC - District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. November 16, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "NC - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 01 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 18, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 02 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 03 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 04 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 05 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 06 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 07 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 08 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 09 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 10 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 11 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 12 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 13 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 14 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 15 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 16 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 17 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 24, 2004. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 18 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 19 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OH District 20 Race - Oct 12, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 19, 2008. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
- ^ "OR - District 01 Race - Jun 07, 1880". Our Campaigns. June 10, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 1 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 27, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 2 Race - Nov 02, 1880". May 3, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". May 4, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". May 4, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 5 Race - Nov 02, 1880". May 3, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 9, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". April 19, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". April 10, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 9 Race - Nov 02, 1880". April 3, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 10 Race - Nov 02, 1880". February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 11 Race - Nov 02, 1880". February 22, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 12 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 17, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 13 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 10, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 14 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 10, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 15 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 9, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 16 Race - Nov 02, 1880". October 11, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 17 Race - Nov 02, 1880". October 4, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 18 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 21, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 19 Race - Nov 02, 1880". January 17, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 20 Race - Nov 02, 1880". October 20, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 21 Race - Nov 02, 1880". September 1, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 22 Race - Nov 02, 1880". June 16, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA District 23 Race - Nov 02, 1880". June 13, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 24 Race - Nov 02, 1880". June 9, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 25 Race - Nov 02, 1880". May 7, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 26 Race - Nov 02, 1880". February 25, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "PA - District 27 Race - Nov 02, 1880". February 23, 2007. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "RI District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". April 16, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "RI District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". April 16, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 09". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TN - District 10". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
- ^ "TX District 01 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "TX District 02 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "TX District 03 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "TX District 04 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "TX District 05 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "TX District 06 Race - Jun 01, 1880". Our Campaigns. December 21, 2014. Retrieved February 3, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 01 Race - Sep 07, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 22, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 02 Race - Sep 07, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 15, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VT - District 03 - Final Election Race - Sep 07, 1880". Our Campaigns. September 21, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 01 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. July 8, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 02 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. July 8, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 03 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 26, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 04 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. May 26, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 05 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 22, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 06 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 21, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 07 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 8, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 08 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 31, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "VA - District 09 Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. March 30, 2010. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "WV District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
- ^ "WV District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
- ^ "WV District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 17, 2021.
- ^ "Wisconsin U.S. House Election Results" (PDF). Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 5, 2012. Retrieved November 19, 2021 – via Wayback Machine.
- ^ Heg, J. E., ed. (1882). "Biographical Sketches" (PDF). The Blue Book of the State of Wisconsin (Report). Madison, Wisconsin: State of Wisconsin. pp. 521–524. Retrieved November 19, 2021.
- ^ "AZ Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. August 4, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "DK Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. January 19, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "ID Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 3, 2021.
- ^ "MT Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
- ^ "NM Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. February 3, 2006. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "UT Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. October 19, 2012. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "WA Territorial Delegate Race - Nov 02, 1880". Our Campaigns. April 13, 2009. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
- ^ "WY Territorial Delegate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved April 11, 2021.
Bibliography
[edit]- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
[edit]- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)