Hura (community development block)
Hura
হুড়া | |
|---|---|
Community development block সমষ্টি উন্নয়ন ব্লক | |
| Country |  India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | Purulia |
| Government | |
| • Type | Community development block |
| Area | |
• Total | 382.21 km2 (147.57 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 167 m (548 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 143,575 |
| • Density | 380/km2 (970/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Bengali, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 723130 (Hura) |
| Telephone/STD code | 03251 |
| Vehicle registration | WB-55, WB-56 |
| Literacy | 68.79% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Purulia |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Manbazar, Kashipur |
| Website | purulia |
| http://hurablock.org/ | |
Hura is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Purulia Sadar East subdivision of Purulia district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
History
Bckground
The Jaina Bhagavati-Sutra of 5th century AD mentions that Purulia was one of the sixteen mahajanapadas and was a part of the kingdom known as Vajra-bhumi in ancient times. In 1833, Manbhum district was carved out of Jungle Mahals district, with headquarters at Manbazar. In 1838, the headquarters was transferred to Purulia. In 1956, Manbhum district was partitioned between Bihar and West Bengal under the States Reorganization Act and the Bihar and West Bengal (Transfer of Territories) Act 1956.[1]
Geography
Overview
Purulia is the western-most district of West Bengal.[2] The area forms the lowest step of the Chota Nagpur Plateau. The general scenario is undulating land with scattered hills.[3] The generally flat uplands have spurs projected from the higher plateau in the west. Towards the east the undulatios are less pronounced and the country presents the appearance of rolling downs with isolated conical hills here and there. In the south, the Baghmundi or Ajodhya Hills reaches an elevation of over 2,000 feet at places. The district generally slopes down from the west to the east.[4] Important rivers in the district are: Damodar, Kangsabati, Kumari, Dwarakeswar and Subarnarekha.[5] Purulia district had a total forest cover of 185,726 hectares or 29.69% of the total land area in the district. Natural forest of the district is mainly restricted to the south-west part of the district covering the Ajodhya Hills and to the Panchet Hill in the north-east.[6]
Location
Hura is located at 23°18′N 86°39′E / 23.30°N 86.65°E.
Hura CD Block is bounded by Kashipur and Para CD Blocks on the north, Indpur CD Block and Hirbandh, in Bankura district, on the east, Puncha CD Block on the south, and Purulia I CD Block on the west.[7][8]
It is located 35 km from Purulia, the district headquarters.[7]
Area and administration
Hura CD Block has an area of 382.21 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 10 gram panchayats, 107 gram sansads (village councils), 116 mouzas and 111 inhabited villages. Hura police station serves this block.[9] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Hura.
Gram panchayats
Gram panchayats of Hura block/panchayat samiti are: Chatumadar, Daldali, Hura, Jabarrah, Kalabani, Keshargarh, Ladhurka, Lakhanpur, Manguria-Lalpur and Rakhera-Bishpuria.[10]
Demographics
Population
As per the 2011 Census of India Hura CD Block had a total population of 143,575, all of which were rural. There were 72,867 (51%) males and 70,708 (49%) females. Population below 6 years was 18,467. Scheduled Castes numbered 28,087 (19.56%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 36,561 (25.46%).[11]
As per 2001 census, Hura block had a total population of 127,423, out of which 64,462 were males and 62,961 were females. Hura block registered a population growth of 12.04 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Purulia district was 13.96 per cent.[12] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[13]
Villages
Large villages (with 4,000+ population) in Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Kalabani (5,698), Manguralalpur (6,683), Daldali (4,488), Kesargarh (4,626) and Parsia (4,075).[11]
Other villages in Hura CD Block are (2011 census figures in brackets): Hura (3,419), Rakshyara (2,387), Bishpuria (3,661), Chatumatar (1,842), Jabra (2,073), Ladhurka (3,652) and Lakshanpur (2,973).[11]
Literacy
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Hura CD Block was 86,067 (68.79% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 51,971 (81.95% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 34,096 (55.27%) of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 26.68%.[11]
As per the 2011 census, literacy in Purulia district was 64.48%, up from 55.57 in 2001.[14] Literacy in West Bengal was 77.08% in 2011.[15] Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%.[15]
See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate
| Literacy in CD blocks of Purulia district |
|---|
| Purulia Sadar subdivision |
| Arsha – 57.48% |
| Balarampur – 60.40% |
| Hura – 68.79% |
| Purulia I – 78.37% |
| Purulia II – 63.39% |
| Manbazar subdivision |
| Barabazar – 63.27 |
| Bandwan – 61.38% |
| Manbazar I – 63.78% |
| Manbazar II – 60.27% |
| Puncha – 68.14% |
| Jhalda subdivision |
| Baghmundi – 57.17% |
| Jhalda I – 66.18% |
| Jhalda II – 54.76% |
| Joypur – 57.94% |
| Raghunathpur subdivision |
| Para – 65.62% |
| Raghunathpur I – 67.36% |
| Raghunathpur II – 67.29% |
| Neturia – 65.14% |
| Santuri – 64.15% |
| Kashipur – 71.06% |
| Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data |
Languages
Bengali is the local language in these areas.[7]
Along the western borders of the district the local Bengali dialect spoken in the area often merges with Magahi dialects such as Kurmali, Khotta and Khottahi or even Khotta Bangla. There is a tribal presence in many of the CD Blocks of the district. Santali was spoken by around 14% of the population of the earlier Manbhum district. Some people also speak Mundari or Kolarian languages such as Kurmali, Mundari and the languages of the Bhumij or Mahli. However, the small number of people speaking some of these languages, particularly the Bhumijes, gave rise to doubts that many tribals have been recording Bengali as their language in different censuses, although they still speak their languages amongst themselves.[16]
Religion
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 116,296 and formed 81.00% of the population in Hura CD Block. Muslims numbered 9,807 and formed 6.83% of the population. Christians numbered 170 and formed 0.12% of the population. Others numbered 17,302 and formed 12.05% of the population.[17] Others include Addi Bassi, Marang Boro, Santal, Saranath, Sari Dharma, Sarna, Alchchi, Bidin, Sant, Saevdharm, Seran, Saran, Sarin, Kheria,[18] and other religious communities.[17]
In 2011, Hindus numbered 2,373,130 and formed 80.99% of the population in Puruliya district. Muslims numbered 227,249 and formed 7.76% of the population. Christians numbered 8,646 and formed 0.30% of the population. Others numbered 321,090 and formed 10.96% of the population. In West Bengal, Hindus numbered 64,385,546 and formed 70.53% of the population. Muslims numbered 24,654,825 and formed 27.01% of the population.[17]
BPL families
According to the summary report of the Rural Household Survey 2005, BPL families formed 32.85% of the families in Purulia district. In West Bengal as a whole, BPL families formed 34.12% of the families in the state. In Purulia district, the number of landless families formed 32.70% of the families in the district, agricultural labourers formed 41.03% and 13.76% of the families migrated for casual labour.[19]
Economy
Infrastructure
In 2013-14, Hura CD Block had 68.41 km of surfaced roads under PWD, 39.33 km surfaced roads and 11.00 km unsurfaced roads under Zilla Parishad, 70.00 km surfaced roads and 96.54 km unsurfaced roads under Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti and 103.64 km surfaced roads under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana.[20]
111 mouzas in Hura CD Block were electrified by 31 March 2014. The total consumption of electricity in Purulia district in 2013-14 was 228,350 KWH, out of which 130,376 KWH was domestic consumption and 925 KWH was for agricultural irrigation and dewatering.[20]
Agriculture
In Purulia district, cultivation is predominantly monocropped and more than half of the nett sown area is upland. Around 73% of the cultivated land is held in small patches by small and marginal farmers.[21] In 2013-14, nett sown area in Purulia district was 309,140 hectares. In Purulia district, 24,882 hectares of vested land was distributed amongst 97,393 beneficiaries up to 31 October 2013.[20]
In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Hura CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 0.51%, patta (document) holders 13.39%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 6.71%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 22.12% and agricultural labourers 57.27%.[20]
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Hura CD Block was 13,160.68 hectares, out of which 1,198.00 hectares by canal water, 8,397.97 hectares by tank water, 11.21 hectares by river lift irrigation, 185.4 hectares by open dug wells and 3,368.10 hectares by other means.[20]
In 2013-14 Hura CD Block produced 3,673 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 2,233 hectares, 13 tonnes of Boro paddy, the spring crop, from 5 hectares, 32 tonnes of wheat from 16 hectares. It also produced maskalai, mustard and potatoes.[20]
Pisciculture
In Hura CD Block, the net area undern effective pisciculture was 1,088 hectares in 2013-14. 8,592 persons were engaged in the profession. Approxiate annual production was 32,000 quintals.[20]
Banking
In 2013-14, Hura CD Block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[20]
Transport
In 2013-14, Hura CD Block had 8 originating/ terminating bus routes. The nearest railway station is 24 km from CD Block headquarters.[20]
NH 314, running from Bankura to Purulia, passes through this CD Block.[22]
Education
In 2013-14, Hura CD Block had 189 primary schools with 13,322 students, 27 middle schools with 1,084 students, 7 high schools with 3,452 students and 16 higher secondary schools with 15,499 students. Hura CD Block had 1 general college with 2,496 students, 2 professional/ technical institutes with 165 students and 322 institutions with 9,023 students for special and non-formal education.[20]
Healthcare
In 2014, Hura CD Block had 1 rural hospital and 3 primary health centres, with total 48 beds and 6 doctors. 8,735 patients were treated indoor and 242,155 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[20]
References
- ^ "Historical background". Purulia District. Archived from the original on 2008-01-03. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "Destination Purulia". Introduction. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ Houlton, Sir John, Bihar, the Heart of India, 1949, p. 170, Orient Longmans Ltd.
- ^ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ "Brief Industrial Profile of Purulia District, West Bengal" (PDF). Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Industries, Government of India. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ "Destination Purulia". District Profile. Purulia district adminstration. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ a b c "Hura Block". onefivenine. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
- ^ "Purulia district". Blocks in Purulia district. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
- ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 2.1, 2.2,. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ "Annexure A to G.O No.121(Sanction)-RD/CCA/BRGF/1C-5/08". Allotment under BRGF Fund 1st Instalment 2010-11 – Purulia District. Government of West Bengal - Department of Panchayats & Rural Development. Retrieved 2011-08-04.
- ^ a b c d "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". 2011 census: West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ^ "Provisional population totals, West Bengal, Table 4, Puruliya District". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Purulia District: Census 2011 data". 2016 Digital Trends. Census Population 2015 Data. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
- ^ a b "Provisional population tables and annexures" (PDF). Census 2011:Table 2(3) Literates and Literacy rates by sex. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
- ^ "Bengal District Gazetteers - Manbhum by H. Coupland, ICS". Section 72, First Published 1911. University of California, San Diego. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ a b c "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
- ^ "ST-14 A Details Of Religions Shown Under 'Other Religions And Persuasions' In Main Table". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 28 September 2016.
- ^ "BPL survey". Department of Panchayats and Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Purulia". Tables 21.1, 8.2, 8.2(a), 5.1, 5.1(b), 17.2, 18.2, 18.1, 18.3, 20.1, 21,2, 4.1, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "purulia.nic.in". District profile - agriculture. Purulia district administration. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
- ^ "Rationalisation of Numbering Systems of National Highways" (PDF). New Delhi: Department of Road Transport and Highways. Retrieved 1 October 2016.