Jump to content

BMW i4

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is the current revision of this page, as edited by Dan100 (talk | contribs) at 11:03, 1 December 2024 (→Development and launch: Edit). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this version.

(diff) ← Previous revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
BMW i4
Overview
ManufacturerBMW
Model codeG26 BEV
ProductionOctober 2021[1] – present
Model years2022–present
Assembly
DesignerSeungmo Lim (concept & production exterior)[2]
Chris Lee (interior design)
Body and chassis
ClassCompact executive car (D)
Body style5-door liftback/fastback sedan
Layout
PlatformCluster Architecture (CLAR)
Related
Powertrain
Electric motorFront and rear motor combined output, 3-phase electrically excited synchronous motor
Power output200–400 kW (272–544 PS; 268–536 hp)
TransmissionSingle-speed with fixed ratio
Battery
Electric range
  • Maximum 580 km (360 miles) NEDC
  • Maximum 590 km (367 miles) WLTP
Plug-in charging
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,856 mm (112.4 in)
Length4,785 mm (188.4 in)
Width1,852 mm (72.9 in)
Height1,448 mm (57.0 in)
Curb weight2,125–2,290 kg (4,685–5,049 lb)

The BMW i4 (model code G26) is a battery electric compact executive car produced by BMW since 2021. It has a five-door liftback body style and is marketed as a four-door coupé. The initial concept version, named BMW i Vision Dynamics, debuted at the 2017 Frankfurt Motor Show. It is the fifth BMW i sub-brand model, and is sold in several variants at different performance levels, including the first battery-electric variant by BMW's motorsport division.[3] The production version was revealed in March 2021 and went on sale in November of the same year as a 2022 model.[4]

Development and launch

[edit]

An investment of about €200 million in the Munich plant was made in preparation for the 2021 series production as the G26 BMW i4 is built on the same assembly line as cars with combustion engines and plug-in hybrids.[5] While 90% of the existing production equipment in the body shop were incorporated into the production process of the i4,[6] several new systems were required mainly for the floor assembly and rear structure as the electric drive and high-voltage battery are different from conventional architectures.[7] The plant was closed for six weeks in the summer of 2020 to convert more than 1000 robots in the body shop and assembly area to prepare it for the assembly of the i4. The electric motor is assembled in Dingolfing.[8] The i4 was revealed fully production-ready in March 2021, three months ahead of schedule, and went on sale in November 2021.[4]

Over an ownership period of 200,000 km (125,000 mi), BMW stated at launch that the eDrive40 has a 45 percent lower global warming potential than that of a comparable diesel G20 3 Series or G22 4 Series model. Furthermore, BMW enhanced the sustainability of its supply chain and increased its use of recycled materials for the i4, cutting the production emissions by 18 percent.[9]

Specifications

[edit]

Body and chassis

[edit]
Rear view

The production model is based on the modular CLAR platform to keep costs low and volume-production attainable.[10] Although it is described as a battery-powered G20 3 Series, the model uses the bodyshell design of the G26 4 Series Gran Coupé.[11][12][13] The i4 has a MacPherson strut front suspension and multi-link rear suspension with rear air suspension as standard (the M50 adds adaptive M dampers).[14] It has a damping system designed to reduce “dipping movements of the body” under acceleration or braking, with an “actuator-related wheel slip limitation” system to better boost traction and stability.[15]

The i4 has an almost completely flat underbody, resulting in a low drag coefficient of 0.24 for the eDrive40 and 0.25 for the M50.[16] Compared to the G20 3 Series, it has 26 mm (1.0 in) wider front tracks and 13 mm (0.5 in) wider rear tracks.[17] Due to the low floor location of the battery pack for better agility,[18] the M50's center of gravity is 34 mm (1.3 in) lower than the G20 3 Series and 53 mm (2.1 in) lower in the eDrive40.[19] An active air flap control at the bottom of the grille can be adjusted in ten stages, allowing cooling air to be supplied to the drive system, battery, brakes, and air conditioning system in precise quantities.[16] The eDrive40 has a 45:55 weight distribution, while it is 48:52 for the M50.[20]

Powertrain

[edit]

The electric drive component of the i4, its charging unit and high-voltage battery are all developed in-house by the BMW Group, forming the fifth-generation eDrive system.[21] A notable technical feature of the i4's powertrain concerns its packaging. The electric motor, transmission and power electronics are all contained in a single component, which allows for a higher efficiency of energy conversion.[22] BMW also focused on reducing the number of rare earth materials in the battery and electric motor system. None are used to construct the motor (efficiency factor of 93 percent),[18] while the battery uses two thirds less cobalt than before.[10] The motors themselves are positioned in the axles, and the axles also house the one-speed transmissions.[18]

M50 with the M Sport Package Pro.

The M50 can recuperate braking energy at a max rate of 195 kW and 116 kW for the eDrive40.[23] The three adjustable regenerative braking levels includes a robust setting for one-pedal driving, while the fourth adaptive mode uses GPS data and driver-assistance systems to adjust the amount of regenerative braking.[24] The eDrive40 is a rear-wheel drive model, where power comes from a single 250 kW (340 PS; 335 hp) electrically excited synchronous motor that is fitted to the rear axle.[17] The M50 runs predominantly in rear-wheel drive mode, conserving energy and thus increasing range. The larger 230 kW (313 PS; 308 hp) electric motor resides at the rear, while the smaller 190 kW (258 PS; 255 hp) only kicks in when the front tires require power.[25] Using a pre-warmed battery, consumption can be 20 kWh/100 km driving in winter mountains.[26]

Battery

[edit]

The 108 mm (4.3 in) tall battery in the i4 is made up of four modules with 72 cells each and three 12-cell modules,[16] all are located in the floorpan in a process that's claimed to add rigidity to the overall structure.[27] The battery enclosure is directly connected to the front axle subframe, while the battery pack is bolted to the floor assembly with 22 bolts.[18] There is also an additional section of the battery housed within the center tunnel, usually occupied by a driveshaft.[28] The battery voltage is between 400 volt (empty) and 477 volt (full), with a nominal voltage of 430 volt.[26] The i4's battery has 40 percent more energy density than the 120 Ah version of the BMW i3.[16]

The fifth-generation eDrive system supports up to 205 kW DC fast charging. The battery pack can be charged to 80 percent in 31 minutes or ten minutes for a range of 164 km (102 mi) in the eDrive40, and 140 km (87 mi) in the M50.[29] Using a Level 2 wall box with AC power and a charging rate of 11 kW, the i4 can recharge its battery from 0–100 percent in under eight hours.[18]

The i4 features an integrated heating and cooling system that takes into account various factors such as ambient temperature and mid-journey fast-charging sessions to precondition the temperature of the battery pack. It does this automatically via high efficiency pumps that can increase range efficiency by up to 31 percent when driving in urban traffic.[17] Without pre-warming, the battery may be restricted to 75 kW charging at cold temperatures.[26]

Equipment

[edit]
Interior

All models feature the iDrive 8 infotainment system, including an updated voice-controlled assistant and gesture control system, while the iDrive controller is also retained on the centre console.[30] The interface is sourced through the BMW Curved Display that combines the 310 mm (12.3 in) instrument cluster and 380 mm (14.9 in) infotainment system with a redesigned touch interface within a single unit.[30] The iDrive 8 system features Apple CarPlay and Android Auto capability, compatible with 5G mobile technology, while third-party applications for communication and music streaming are also integrated within the system.[31] The over-the-air functionality is increased and incorporate updates to driving functions, such as driving assistance and semi-autonomous features.[30] A number of ambient lighting elements are placed throughout the cabin and change color depending on the driving mode.[32] The iDrive 8 system is integrated with the new My BMW App for smartphones.[33]

Standard equipment includes a sports steering wheel with multifunction buttons and sports seats, three-zone climate control, acoustic glazing for the windshield, pre-heating and pre-conditioning, and an electrically-operated tailgate. Optional equipment includes seat heating and ventilation, M Sport Package Pro, ambient lighting and a glass slide/tilt sunroof. An M Carbon exterior package and M Performance Parts can also be ordered as an option.[34] The i4 offer a 10-speaker audio system with a 205-watt amplifier as standard, while a Harman Kardon system with 16 speakers with a digital seven-channel amplifier is an optional equipment.[18] Full LED headlights and tail lights are standard, though the former can be upgraded to adaptive units with BMW Laserlight and BMW Selective Beam function.[25] It is available in wheel sizes from 17 inch to 20 inch with wider rear tires as standard.[17]

The i4 comes with an acoustic pedestrian protection system, which is an artificially generated sound (including optional false engine sounds)[26] produced by the exterior speakers that is active when driving up to 21 km/h (13 mph) in Europe or 31 km/h (19 mph) in the US. Furthermore, it has up to 40 driver assistance systems, enabling Level 2 semi autonomous driving.[17] Standard driver assistance systems including lane departure warning, intelligent speed adaptation, collision warning with braking intervention, front and rear parking sensors, and a backup camera.[34] A Driving Assistance Professional package is optional, which adds adaptive cruise control with stop and go, lane-keep assist with side collision avoidance, and rear automatic emergency braking. The optional parking assistant system displays a three-dimensional 360-degree view of the car and its surroundings.[34] The maximum towing capacity is 1,600 kilograms (3,500 lb), with an additional 75 kilograms (165 lb) roof load possible.[29]

M Performance parts can be fitted 35-40 models in the M Sport Trim and all M50 models. These include carbon fibre mirrors, spoiler, kidney grille trim, splitter, diffuser, rear bumper trim, front vents and gear lever, M wheels, interior alcantara, a sport steering wheel and sport seats.

Models

[edit]

Models introduced at launch include the high-performance M50 with a dual-motor xDrive all-wheel system, the first battery-electric vehicle by BMW's motorsport division, and eDrive40 with a single-motor, rear-wheel-drive layout.[35] The base RWD model eDrive35, featuring the same battery and electric motor as the China-exclusive BMW i3 eDrive35L, was added in August 2022.[36] The xDrive40, a mid-range AWD model positioned below the M Performance M50, was announced in May 2023 for North America.[37]

Specifications
Model eDrive35 eDrive40 xDrive40 M50
Powertrain Rear-motor rear-wheel drive (RWD) Dual-motor all-wheel drive (xDrive)
Availability August 2022– November 2021– May 2023– November 2021–
Battery capacity (usable) 70.2 kWh (66 kWh) 83.9 kWh (81.5 kWh)
Range 490 km (304 mi)WLTP260 mi (418 km)EPA 493–580 km (306–360 mi)NEDC
493–590 km (306–367 mi)WLTP
282–301 mi (454–484 km)EPA 		282–307 mi (454–494 km)EPA 416–465 km (258–289 mi)NEDC
416–510 km (258–317 mi)WLTP
227–270 mi (365–435 km)EPA
Motor 3-phase electrically excited synchronous electric motor (ESM) rear 3-phase electrically excited synchronous electric motor (ESM) front and rear
Power (peak) 210 kW (286 PS; 282 hp) 250 kW (340 PS; 335 hp) 295 kW (401 PS; 396 hp) 400 kW (544 PS; 536 hp)
Torque (peak) 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) 430 N⋅m (317 lb⋅ft) 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft) 795 N⋅m (586 lb⋅ft)
Acceleration
0–100 km/h (62 mph) 		5.8 seconds 5.7 seconds 4.9 seconds 3.9 seconds
Top Speed TBA 190 km/h (118 mph) TBA 225 km/h (140 mph)
DC Fast Charge (DCFC) Speed Up to DC 180 kW via CCS Combo 2 Up to DC 200 kW via CCS Combo 2
AC On-board Charge Speed AC 11 kW via J1772 (North America) or 3-phase AC 11 kW via Type 2 (elsewhere)
Charging duration[38] 100%: 420 minutes (AC 3-phase wall box/charging station 11.0 kW); 80%: 32 minutes (DC charging station 180.0 kW) 100%: 495 minutes (AC 3-phase wall box/charging station 11.0 kW); 80%: 31 minutes (DC charging station 205.0 kW) 100%: 495 minutes (AC 3-phase wall box/charging station 11.0 kW); 80%: 31 minutes (DC charging station 205.0 kW) 100%: 495 minutes (AC 3-phase wall box/charging station 11.0 kW); 80%: 31 minutes (DC charging station 205.0 kW)
Luggage[13] 1,290 L (46 cu ft) max volume with rear seats folded and rear trunk. 470 L (17 cu ft) rear trunk + 38 L (1 cu ft) for charging cables under the rear trunk.
Weight (EU) TBA 2,125 kg (4,685 lb) TBA 2,290 kg (5,049 lb)

Safety

[edit]

Euro NCAP

[edit]
Euro NCAP test results
BMW i4 (LHD) (2022)[39]
Test Points %
Overall:
Adult occupant: 33.3 87%
Child occupant: 43 87%
Pedestrian: 38.7 71%
Safety assist: 10.2 64%

Reviews and reception

[edit]

In December 2022, Bloomberg named the BMW i4 as an ideal replacement for Tesla's Model 3 for individuals upset with Elon Musk.[40]

Concept cars

[edit]

The BMW i4 was previewed by two concept cars: BMW i Vision Dynamics (2017) and BMW Concept i4 (2020), as well as the Vision Next 100 (2016).

BMW i Vision Dynamics (2017)

[edit]
The BMW i Vision Dynamics provided the design inspiration for the i4.

The initial BMW i Vision Dynamics concept debuted at the 2017 Frankfurt Motor Show,[41] and was built on the flexible CLAR platform rather than a carbon-fibre structure as with the contemporary i3 and i8 electric models.[42] The i Vision Dynamics concept gave a hint at BMW's intention to make a mid-sized EV four-door coupé.[43] It was powered by a single electric motor on the rear axle. The car had projected performance figures of 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.0 seconds, and a top speed of over 200 km/h (124 mph). BMW's range goal for the i Vision Dynamics was 600 km (373 mi) on the European WLTP cycle. The design of the i Vision Dynamics was based on the study Vision Next 100 from 2016.[44]

Although the interior was not finished, BMW promised a great view outwards via the "flush integration of glass into the main body".[45] Controversially, the i Vision Dynamics featured a reworking of the double-kidney grille that covered a plethora of sensors.[46] Depending on the legal environment, BMW intimated that the goal was to launch the production car with the capability to work at Level 3 or Level 4 autonomous driving, which require differing types of human input depending on circumstances.[41]

The production version was announced at the 2018 Geneva Motor Show as the BMW i4.[47] At the 2018 Paris Motor Show, BMW confirmed the launch year for the i4 as being 2021.[48]

The headlight design was introduced in 2022 on the G70 7 Series and the facelifted G07 X7, while the rear light design was adopted in 2019 on the F44 2 Series Gran Coupé and G06 X6.

BMW Concept i4 (2020)

[edit]
The BMW Concept i4 was an evolution of the Vision Dynamics.

The BMW Concept i4 was presented in March 2020 and reiterated a lot of i4's specifications that was shared at the LA Auto Show in November 2019. The design language of the Concept i4 was more closely resembled to the production model than the i Vision Dynamics, and confirmed the i4 as an all-electric version of the G26 4 Series Gran Coupé.[49] The single rear-motor was projected to be rated at 390 kW (530 PS; 523 hp) that was on par with one of BMW's V8 combustion engines, though media doubted this claim as V8's are connected to a xDrive system.[50] It was clarified that the i4 would come with an EPA-estimated range of 435 km (270 mi) from an 80 kWh battery pack,[49] though the production model has an EPA-rated range of 483 km (300 mi).[51]

The BMW Concept i4 was an evolution of the i Vision Dynamics design study from 2017. The proportions were classic coupé, featuring a long wheelbase, fastback roofline and short overhangs. The exterior design had been kept simple with its smooth lines and clear surfaces "as a deliberate counterpoint to the dynamic flair of the driving experience". The covered kidney grille served primarily as an "intelligence panel" housing the various sensors for autonomous driving.[52]

The concept featured a stretched wheelbase with BMW claiming it would offer plenty of cabin space.[53] The highly futuristic and minimalistic interior was dominated by the BMW Curved Display that was angled toward the driver, featuring the newest BMW Operating System 8.[54] Other notable features was an all-glass roof, mixture of cloth and leather in the seats and dash with bronze and chrome fixtures, and replacement of touchpoints with crystal-like plastic.[49][32]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "BMW Group Plant Munich goes fully electric".
  2. ^ "'Korean car designers play greater roles'". The Korea Times. 2019-04-15. Retrieved 2019-04-23.
  3. ^ "New BMW i4 2021: specs, range and on-sale date". DrivingElectric. 2021-02-01. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
  4. ^ a b "Here's your first look at the production BMW i4". Top Gear. 2021-03-17. Retrieved 2021-03-17.
  5. ^ "BMW puts €200M into Munich plant to make electric i4". Electrive. 2018-12-11. Retrieved 2018-12-11.
  6. ^ "BMW unveils Concept i4 electric Gran Coupé; 600 km range". Green Car Congress. Retrieved 2020-03-16.
  7. ^ "BMW Group's home plant ready for BMW i4". Automotive World. 10 September 2020. Retrieved 2020-09-12.
  8. ^ "BMW to convert Munich plant for i4 production this summer". electrive.com. 2020-01-17. Retrieved 2020-01-21.
  9. ^ "BMW i4: An EV fit for the brand faithful". HeraldScotland. 18 June 2021. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  10. ^ a b "New BMW i4 to take BMW electric cars mainstream in 2021". Auto Express. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2018-10-17.
  11. ^ "What's Going on at BMW? Many Future/Current Cars Are Being Axed". Automobile Magazine. 2019-07-29. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  12. ^ "BMW r&d chief sees rising demand for diverse, multifunctional powertrains". Automotive News Europe. 2020-01-05. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  13. ^ a b "BMW i4: Prototyp des Tesla-Fighters". AUTOMOBIL PRODUKTION Online (in German). 2021-01-16. Retrieved 2021-01-18.
  14. ^ "New 2021 BMW i4 electric car arrives with 367-mile range". Auto Express. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  15. ^ "New BMW i4: EV's 'benchmark' handling detailed in new video". Autocar. 2021-01-22. Retrieved 2021-03-18.
  16. ^ a b c d Hawkins, Andrew J. (2021-06-01). "BMW's i4 sedan is the electric 4 Series you've been waiting for". The Verge. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  17. ^ a b c d e Tong, Matthew H (2021-06-02). "2022 BMW i4 eDrive40 - electric RWD four-door coupe with 340 PS & 430 Nm; 83.9 kWh battery, 590 km range". Paul Tan's Automotive News. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  18. ^ a b c d e f Ramey, Jay (2021-06-08). "5 Things to Know about the BMW i4". Autoweek. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  19. ^ Ireson, Nelson (2021-06-01). "Prototype Drive: 2022 BMW i4 Takes On Tesla". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  20. ^ "2022 BMW i4 performance, range and other specs revealed with new pictures". Autoblog. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  21. ^ "THE NEW ALL-ELECTRIC BMW i4". Discover BMW. 2020-01-06. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
  22. ^ "BMW i4: this is how far and how hard BMW's latest electric car will go". Motorburn. 2019-12-04. Retrieved 2019-12-05.
  23. ^ Ewing, Steven. "2022 BMW i4 debuts with expected 300-mile range, $56,395 price tag". Roadshow. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  24. ^ Ulrich, Lawrence (2021-06-01). "BMW Doubles Down On Electrification, Debuts New 2022 i4 Sedan And iX SUV". Forbes Wheels. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
  25. ^ a b Tong, Matthew H (2021-06-02). "2022 BMW i4 M50 - first fully electric BMW M model gets 544 PS, 795 Nm; 0-100 km/h in 3.9s, 510 km range!". Paul Tan's Automotive News. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  26. ^ a b c d Valle, Marius (19 December 2021). "Denne elbilen er en skikkelig kjøremaskin". Tu.no (in Norwegian). Teknisk Ukeblad.
  27. ^ "First drive: BMW i4 M50 xDrive prototype review". Autocar. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  28. ^ "BMW i4 Sedan: Electrified Ride Doesn't Stint on Comfort". WardsAuto. 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  29. ^ a b "BMW i4 to launch with two variants". electrive.com. 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  30. ^ a b c "New BMW iDrive 8 infotainment system revealed in full". Auto Express. 2021-03-15. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  31. ^ Stafford, Eric (2021-03-15). "BMW Reveals New iDrive 8 Infotainment System, Rotary Controller Included". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  32. ^ a b Quiroga, Tony (2020-03-03). "BMW Readies i4, Its Answer to Tesla". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  33. ^ "BMW iDrive 8: Latest infotainment system unveiled | CarAdvice". CarAdvice.com. 2021-03-15. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  34. ^ a b c "The first-ever BMW i4". www.press.bmwgroup.com. 2021-06-02. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  35. ^ "BMW's motorsport division announces first EV based on the i4". Engadget. 26 September 2020. Retrieved 2020-09-28.
  36. ^ "BMW i4 eDrive35 Is a More Affordable but Less Powerful New i4 EV". Car and Driver. 2022-08-01. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  37. ^ "2024 BMW i4 Family Adds 396-HP, AWD xDrive40 Starting at $62,595". Car and Driver. 2023-05-22. Retrieved 2023-05-24.
  38. ^ "BMW i4 Ladeleistung & Ladezeit | Ladesäule & Wallbox". CarWiki.de - Daten, Anleitungen & Ratgeber für Autos (in German). Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  39. ^ https://cdn.euroncap.com/media/70210/euroncap-2022-bmw-i4-datasheet.pdf
  40. ^ "An EV Buying Guide for People Fed Up With Tesla's Elon Musk". Bloomberg.com. 2022-12-19. Retrieved 2023-01-04.
  41. ^ a b "BMW i Vision Dynamics concept-inspired i5 to spark new era of i cars". Autocar. 2017-09-22. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  42. ^ "Insight: how new BMW platforms can cope with multiple powertrains". Autocar. 2017-12-04. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
  43. ^ "Move over 3-series, here's the electric BMW i4". Stuff. 2019-11-21. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  44. ^ "The BMW i Vision Dynamics concept is 2021's i5". Top Gear. 2017-09-12. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  45. ^ "BMW i Vision Dynamics concept revealed: Tesla rival previewed | CarAdvice". CarAdvice.com. 2017-09-13. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  46. ^ Meiners, Jens (2017-09-12). "BMW i Vision Dynamics Concept: This Is the i5". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
  47. ^ "BMW confirms new electric i4 sedan coming to production based on Vision Dynamics concept". Electrek. 2018-03-06. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  48. ^ Gilboy, James (2018-10-02). "Paris Motor Show: BMW Confirms New i4 Model on the Way for 2021". The Drive. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
  49. ^ a b c O'Kane, Sean (2020-03-03). "BMW's electric i4 sedan finally shown off in concept form". The Verge. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  50. ^ "2021 BMW i4 details revealed: 80-kWh battery, 530 hp, 373-mile range". CNET.
  51. ^ Baldwin, Roberto (2021-03-17). "530-HP 2022 BMW i4 Revealed, Offers 300-Mile Range". Car and Driver. Retrieved 2021-03-31.
  52. ^ Banks, Nargess (2020-03-03). "2020 Geneva Motor Show: BMW's New Electric Car Concept I4". Forbes. Retrieved 2021-09-12.
  53. ^ "Behold: the all-electric, BMW Concept i4". Top Gear. 2020-03-03. Retrieved 2021-01-25.
  54. ^ Canada, Shop All Cars. "BMW i4 - One of 25 Electrified Models by 2023". ShopAllCars. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BMW_i4&oldid=1260549403"