User:Calamacow75/sandbox
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| Clistopyga sp. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Tribe: | Ephialtini |
| Genus: | Clistopyga Gravenhorst, 1829 |
Clistopyga, also known as darwin wasps is a genus of ichneumon wasps in the family Ichneumonidae. This genus is relatively small in size, with the largest species being a bit over 10 millimeters. They are idiobiont and koinobiont endoparasitoids, with some examples of exoparasitism. This species specializes in spiders. This genus contains multiple species with very large and specialized ovipositors, some of which are able to felt silk. One of which, Clistopyga caramba is proposed to be a myrmecomorph, to scare or confuse ant-averse spiders.
Range and Habitat
Description
Ecology
Species
As of 2018[update], approximately fifty Clistopyga species have been described, thirty of which are found in the Neotropical region.
| Species | Authority | Range | Size | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clistopyga aenigmatica | Bordera & González-Moreno 2014 | Origin is uncertain, Collected in Galveston, Texas from a ship that had fruit cargos from México, Central America and the Caribbean | Body length 8.5 mm.
Fore wing length 6.0 mm. Female ♀ Male Unknown |
|
| Clistopyga arizonica | Bordera & González-Moreno 2014 |  United States
|
Body length 5.8–12.3 mm.
Fore wing length 4.7–8.2 mm. Female Male Unknown |
|
| Clistopyga africana | Benoit, 1956 | Unknown, likely  South Africa
|
Body Length 6.6 mm.
Fore wing Length Unknown ♀ Male Unknown |
|
| Clistopyga albovittata | Bordera, Palacio & Martínez, 2019 |  Peru
|
Body length 7.0–9.7 mm.
Fore wing length 5.7–7.5 mm. Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga alutaria | Townes, 1960 |  Canada
|
Body length 6.3–7.0 mm.
Fore wing length 3.7–4.8 mm. ♀ Body length 5.5–6.1 mm. Fore wing length 3.8–4.2 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga amazonica | Bordera, Palacio & Martinez, 2019 |  Brazil
|
Body length 8.5–10 mm.
Fore wing length 5.9–7 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
|
| Clistopyga arctica | Kusigemati, 1985 |  Japan
|
Body length 5.2-7.3 mm.
Fore wing length 4.4-5.1 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
|
| Clistopyga atrata | Cushman, 1921 | United States
|
Body length 6.5–7.6 mm.
Fore wing length 4.7–5.2 mm. ♀ Body length 6.4 mm. Fore wing length 4.1–4.8 mm. ♂ |
|
| Clistopyga californica | Khalaim & Hernández, 2008 |  México
|
Body length 5.5 mm.
Fore wing length 3.8 mm. ♀ Body length 5.8 mm. Fore wing length 3.4-5 mm. ♂ |
|
| Clistopyga calixtoi | Gauld, 1991 |  Costa Rica
|
Body length 10.8–12.0 mm.
Fore wing length 6.4–8.0 mm. ♀ Body length 9.1 mm. Fore wing length 5.0 mm. ♂ |
|
| Clistopyga canadensis | Provancher, 1880 | Holarctic distribution, found in North America and Europe | Body length 5.2–7.0 mm.
Fore wing length 4.0–5.7 mm. ♀ Body length 5.8 mm. Fore wing length 3.9–4.9 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga caramba | Castillo & Saaksjarvi, 2015 | Peru
|
Body length 8.4 mm.
Fore wing length 5.0 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga carinata | Palacio, Bordera & Díaz, 2019 | Brazil
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Body length 9.3 mm.
Fore wing length 6.7 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga carvajali | Gauld, Ugalde & Hanson, 1998 | |||
| Clistopyga catarina | Bordera & Palacio, 2019 |  Argentina
|
Body length 8.6–9.3.
Fore wing length 6.2–6.6 mm. ♀ Body length 9 mm. Fore wing length 5 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga chaconi | Gauld, 1991 | Costa Rica
|
Body length 10.0 mm.
Fore wing length 6.4 mm. Body length 10.0 mm. ♀ Fore wing length 5.8 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga covarrubiasi | Khalaim & Hernández, 2008 | Costa Rica
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Fore wing length 3.15-8.3 mm. |
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| Clistopyga cinnamoptera | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | Argentina
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Body length 7 mm.
Fore wing length 6 mm.♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga crassicaudata | Sääksjärvi, Bordera & Palacio 2018 | Peru
|
Body length 9.8 mm.
Fore wing length 6.5 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga cuscoensis | Bordera, Castillo & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | Peru
|
Body length 9.4–10.3 mm.
Fore wing length 6.5–6.9 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga declinata | Palacio, Bordera & Díaz, 2019 |  Colombia
|
: Body length 8.9–13.1 mm.
Fore wing length 6.7–9.6 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga diazi | Porter, 1979 | Peru
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Body length 10.8 mm.
Fore wing length 7.9 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga eldae | (Gauld, 1991) | Costa Rica
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Body length 6–6.5 mm.
Fore wing length 4–5 mm. ♀ Body length 5.2–7.0 mm. Fore wing length 3.6–4.8 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga emphera | Kusigemati 1985 | Japan
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Body length 4.7-5.0 mm.
Fore wing length 3.7-3.8 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga fernandezi | Gauld, 1991 | Costa Rica
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Body length 9.4–11.1 mm.
Fore wing length 5.0–7.0 mm. ♀ Body length 4.1–7.1 mm. Fore wing length 2.7–4.1 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga ghatensis | Manjusha & Ghosh, 2019 | Western Ghats | Body length 9 mm.
Fore wing length 4.25 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga hayesiana | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 |  Paraguay
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Body length 8 mm.
Fore wing length 6 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga henryi | Gauld, 1991 | Costa Rica
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Body length 9.6–13.3 mm.
Fore wing length 7.0–10.8 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga incitator | (Fabricius, 1793) | .jpg)
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| Clistopyga isayae | Palacio, Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 |  Venezuela
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Body Length 10.2 mm.
Fore wing length 7.1–7.3 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga jakobii | Graf, 1985 | |||
| Clistopyga juliana | Bordera & Gonzalez Moreno, 2014 | United States
Found in California |
Body length 5.5–7.6 mm.
Fore wing length 3.8–5.3 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga kalima | Palacio, Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 | Colombia
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Body length 8.4˗9.0 mm.
Fore wing length 6.2–6.5 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga kenyensis | Varga, 2021 |  Kenya
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Body length approximately 8 mm.
Fore wing 5.5 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga laevis | Kasparyan, 1981 | |||
| Clistopyga lapacensis | Bordera, Palacio & Martínez, 2019 |  Bolivia
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: Body length 11.7 mm.
Fore wing length 9.2 mm. ♀ |
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| Clistopyga latifrontalis | (Uchida, 1941) |  China
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Body Length 8.5 mm.
Fore wing 5.2 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga linearis | (Wollaston, 1858) |
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| Clistopyga longifemoralis | Varga & Reshchikov, 2015 | Huai Nam Dang National Park | Body length 9.5 mm.
Fore wing length 6 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga lopezrichinii | (Blanchard, 1941) | Argentina
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Body length 6.0 mm.
Fore wing length 4.7 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga maculifrons | Cushman, 1921 | Canada
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Body length 5.8–8.0 mm.
Fore wing length 4.2–5.0 mm. ♀ Body length 6.4–7.0 mm. Fore wing length 3.6–4.7 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga manni | Cushman, 1921 | United States
|
Body length 8.2–9.0 mm.
Fore wing length 4.0–6.9 mm. ♀ (Info on male can be found in Townes 1960) |
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| Clistopyga maya | González-Moreno & Bordera, 2014 | México
|
Body length 5.3–5.8 mm.
Fore wing length 3.5–4.0 mm. ♀ Body length 4.2–5.5 mm. Fore wing length 2.4–2.7 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga marcapatensis | Bordera & Palacio, 2019 | Peru
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Body length 6.2–6.6 mm.
Fore wing length 4.3–4.7. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga melanoptera | Castillo, Sääksjärvi & Bordera, 2016 | Peru
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Body length 11 mm.
Fore wing length 8 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga misionensis | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | Argentina
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Body length 9–11 mm.
Fore wing length 6–8 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga mocaguae | Palacio & Bordera, 2016 | Colombia
|
Body length 10.2 mm.
Fore wing length 7 mm. ♀ Body length 11.5 mm. Fore wing length 6.5. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga moraviae | Gauld, Ugalde & Hanson, 1998 | Costa Rica
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Body length 6.8–7.3 mm.
Fore wing length 4.5–5.5 mm. ♀ Body length 6.7 mm. Fore wing length 3.6 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga nagatomii | Kusigemati, 1985 | Likely a junior synonym of C. sziladyi
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| Clistopyga nigrifrons | Cushman, 1921 | Canada
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Body length 5.8–6.8 mm.
Fore wing length 4.1–5.0 mm. ♀ |
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| Clistopyga nigriventris | Palacio, Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 | Colombia
|
Body length 9.2–11.3 mm.
Fore wing length 7.0–8.3 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga oaxacana | Body length 7.6 mm.
Fore wing length 5.6 mm. ♀ |
Mexico
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Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga orellanae | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 |  Ecuador
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Body length 9 mm.
Fore wing length 6 mm. ♂ Female Unknown |
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| Clistopyga panchei | Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 | Colombia
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: Body length 8.3 mm.
Fore wing length 5.6 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga plana | Morley, 1914 |
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| Clistopyga polita | Bordera & Palacio, 2019 | Ecuador
|
Body length about 8.8 mm.
Fore wing length about 6.2 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga porteri | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | Argentina
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Body length 11 mm.
Fore wing length 8 mm. ♀ Male unknown |
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| Clistopyga recurva | (Say, 1835) | Canada
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Body length 7.0–11.0 mm.
Fore wing length 3.2–8.8 mm. ♀ Body length 5.3–9.4 mm. Fore wing length 3.2–6.5 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga rondoniae | Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | Brazil
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Body length 10 mm.
Fore wing length 7 mm. ♀ Male unknown |
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| Clistopyga rufator | Holmgren, 1856 | 
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| Clistopyga rugulosa | Kusigemati, 1985 | Japan
|
Body length 6.7-7.6 mm.
Fore wing length 4.5-5.3 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga sauberi | Brauns, 1898 | |||
| Clistopyga serricauda | Khalaim & Hernández, 2008 | México
|
Body length 6.5–6.7 mm.
Fore wing length 5.0 mm. ♀ Body length 6.7 mm. Fore wing length about 5.1 mm ♂ | |
| Clistopyga speculata | Bordera, Palacio & Martinez, 2019 |  Chile
|
Body length 6–11 mm.
Fore wing length 5–8 mm. ♀ Body length 5.6–7.6 mm. Fore wing length 4.0–5.4 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga splendida | Palacio, Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 | Colombia
|
Body length 11.8–14.4 mm.
Fore wing length 8.4–10.1 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga stanfordi | Gauld, 1991 |
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| Clistopyga sziladyi | Kiss, 1959 | widely distributed in the Oriental and Palaearctic region | ||
| Clistopyga taironae | Palacio, Bordera, Sääksjärvi & Díaz, 2018 | Columbia
|
Body length 10.6–12.0 mm.
Fore wing length 7.1–8.4 mm. ♀ Body length 8.7 mm. Fore wing length 6.0 mm. ♂ |
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| Clistopyga teresitae | Palacio, Bordera & Díaz, 2019 | Columbia
|
: Body length 9.6–13.3 mm.
Fore wing length 7.0–10.8 mm. ♀ Male Unknown |
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| Clistopyga yabuquensis | González-Moreno, Bordera & Sääksjärvi, 2016 | México
|
Body length 12 mm.
Fore wing length 7–8 mm. ♀ Body length 11 mm. Fore wing length 6 mm. ♂ |
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References
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Further reading
- Arnett, Ross H. Jr. (2000). American Insects: A Handbook of the Insects of America North of Mexico (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0212-9.
- Krombein, Karl V.; Hurd Jr., Paul D. Jr.; Smith, David R.; Burks, B.D., eds. (1979). "Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico". Smithsonian Institution Press. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
External links
Media related to Calamacow75/sandbox at Wikimedia Commons
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