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This table:

Northern Africa

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Algeria Algeria No Illegal since 1966
Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment with fines up to 10,000 dinars.[1] Torture,[2] beatings,[3] or vigilante executions are also common. 		No No No No No No
Canary Islands Canary Islands
(Autonomous community of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes De facto unions legal since 2003[5] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7][8] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[9] Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Ceuta Ceuta
(Autonomous city of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes De facto union since 1998[11] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Egypt Egypt Yes/ No Ambiguous. Male de jure legal, but de facto illegal since 2000
Penalty: Up to 17 years imprisonment with or without hard labour and with or without fines under broadly-written morality laws.[4][12] 		No No No No No No
Libya Libya No Illegal since 1953
Penalty: Up to 5 years in jail or vigilante execution.[13][14] 		No No No No No No
Madeira Madeira
(Autonomous region of Portugal) 		Yes Legal since 1983
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes De facto union since 2001[15][16] Yes Legal since 2010[17] Yes Legal since 2016[18][19][20] Yes Portugal responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination.[9] Yes Since 2011, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[21]
Melilla Melilla
(Autonomous city of Spain) 		Yes Legal since 1979
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes De facto union since 2008[22] Yes Legal since 2005[6] Yes Legal since 2005[7] Yes Spain responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[23] Yes Since 2007, all documents can be amended to the recognised gender[10]
Morocco Morocco
(including Southern Provinces) 		No Illegal since 1962
Penalty: Up to 3 to 6 years imprisonment with hard labour.[4][24] 		No No No No No No
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
(Disputed territory; excluding Southern Provinces) 		No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment.[4][25][26] 		No No No No No No
Sudan Sudan No Illegal since 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan)
Penalty: Life imprisonment for a third offense of anal sex.[27] 		No No No No No No
Tunisia Tunisia No Illegal since 1913 (as the French protectorate of Tunisia)
Penalty: 3 years imprisonment.[4][28]
[29] 		No No No No No No

Western Africa

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Benin Benin Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);[4][30]
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No No
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] No No Constitutional ban since 1991 No No
Cape Verde Cape Verde Yes Legal since 2004
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4]
The Gambia Gambia No Illegal since 1888 (as the Gambia Colony and Protectorate)
Penalty: Up to Iife imprisonment.[4][31][32] 		No No No No No No Forms of gender expression criminalized since 2013[33]
Ghana Ghana
No No No No No No
Guinea Guinea No Illegal since 1988
Penalty: 6 months to 10 years imprisonment.[38] 		No No No No No No
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau Yes Legal since 1993[4]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No No
Ivory Coast Ivory Coast Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No No
Liberia Liberia No Illegal since 1976
Penalty: 1 year imprisonment.[4][39] (repeal disputed) 		No No No No No No
Mali Mali Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] No No Constitutional ban since 2023[40] No No No[41]
Mauritania Mauritania No No Illegal since 1983
Penalty: Capital punishment for men, (not enforced); prison and a fine for women.[4][42] 		No No No No No No
Niger Niger Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No No No[41]
Nigeria Nigeria No Illegal since 1904 (Northern Region only)
Illegal since 1916 (Region-wide)
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment.
No Death in the states of Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Niger, Sokoto, Yobe, and Zamfara. (not enforced)[4][43][32] 		No No Statutory ban since 2013 No No No No Forms of gender expression criminalized in Sharia provinces.
Saint Helena Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
(Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom) 		Yes Legal since 2001
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes Legal since 2017 Yes Legal since 2017[44][45] Yes Legal since 2017 Yes UK responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination
Senegal Senegal No Illegal since 1966
Penalty: 1 to 5 years imprisonment.[4][46] 		No No No No No No
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone No Male illegal since 1861 (as the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate)
Penalty: Up to life imprisonment (Not enforced, repeal disputed).
Yes Female always legal
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		No No No No No No
Togo Togo No Illegal since 1980
Penalty: Fine and 3 years imprisonment [4] (repeal proposed)[47] 		No No No No No No

Central Africa

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Cameroon Cameroon No Illegal since 1972
Penalty: Fines to 5 years imprisonment.[4][32] or vigilante execution and torture,[48] (repeal disputed) 		No No No No No No
Central African Republic Central African Republic Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No Constitutional ban since 2016[49] No No No[41]
Chad Chad No Illegal since 2017
Penalty: Between 3 months and 2 years in prison, with fines of 50,000 to 500,000 FCFA. (Penal Code, Chapter 2, Article 354) [50] 		No No No No No No[41]
Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] No No Constitutional ban since 2005 No No No
Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No No No[41]
Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4] No No No No No[41]
Gabon Gabon Yes Legal since 2020[51];
Age of consent discrepancy,
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No No
São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe Yes Legal since 2012
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		No No No No

Eastern Africa

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Burundi Burundi No Illegal since 2009
Penalty: fine, and 3 months to 2 years imprisonment. [4][52] (repeal disputed) 		No No Constitutional ban since 2005 No No No No
Djibouti Djibouti Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country) [4][53] No No No No No[41]
Eritrea Eritrea No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 3 years imprisonment.[4][54] or vigilate execution[55] Beatings and torture are also tolerated.[56][57] 		No No No No No No
Ethiopia Ethiopia No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 15 years. [4] (repeal disputed) [58] 		No No Statutory ban since 2009[59] No No No No
Kenya Kenya No Illegal since 1897 (as the East Africa Protectorate)
Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment. (repeal proposed) [4][32][60] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2010[61] No No Yes/No Limited protection following legal process by the authorities.[62] Yes[63]
Rwanda Rwanda Yes Legal (No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country)[4]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No Constitutional ban since 2003 No No No
Somalia Somalia No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 3 years prison.
Jubaland Jubaland No Illegal. Penalty: Up to death in Jubaland.[citation needed] 		No No No No No No
Somaliland Somaliland
(Disputed territory) 		No Illegal
Penalty: Up to 3 years prison, sometimes death sentences.[64] 		No No No No No No
South Sudan South Sudan No Illegal since 1899 (as Anglo-Egyptian Sudan)
Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment. (not enforced) [4][32] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2011[citation needed] No No No No Forms of gender expression are criminalized.
Tanzania Tanzania No Illegal since 1864 (only Zanzibar)
Illegal since 1899
Penalty: Up to life imprisonment.[4][32] Vigilante executions, beatings and torture[65][66] are also tolerated. 		No No No No No No
Uganda Uganda No No Male illegal since 1902 (as Protectorate)
Female illegal since 2000
Penalty: Life imprisonment, Death penalty in some cases, Beatings, torture, or vigilante execution. [67][68] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2005 No No No No

Indian Ocean states

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGB people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Comoros Comoros No Illegal since 1982
Penalty: 5 years imprisonment and fines. (not enforced)[4][69] 		No No No No No No[41]
French Southern and Antarctic Lands French Southern and Antarctic Lands
(Overseas territory of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the territory)[4] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 1999[citation needed] Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Madagascar Madagascar Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the country);
Age of consent discrepancy[4] 		No No No No
Mauritius Mauritius Yes Legal since 2023[70]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No No Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[71][72]
Mayotte Mayotte
(Overseas region of France) 		Yes Legal
(No laws against same-sex sexual activity have ever existed in the region)[4] 		Yes Civil solidarity pact since 2007 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Réunion Réunion
(Overseas region of France) 		Yes Legal since 1791[4] Yes Civil solidarity pact since 1999 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes Legal since 2013 Yes France responsible for defence Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Under French law
Seychelles Seychelles Yes Legal since 2016[73]
+ UN decl. sign. 		No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4]

Southern Africa

LGBT rights in: Same-sex sexual activity Recognition of same-sex unions Same-sex marriage Adoption by same-sex couples LGBT people allowed to serve openly in military Anti-discrimination laws concerning sexual orientation Laws concerning gender identity/expression
Angola Angola Yes Legal since 2021 [74] No No No No Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination[75] May possibly change gender under the Código do Registro Civil 2015[76]
Botswana Botswana No Legal since 2019 [77] No No No No(Only LGB) Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Legal gender change recognized as a constitutional right since 2017[78]
Eswatini Eswatini No Male illegal since the 1880s (not enforced, repeal proposed)
Penalty: Unknown
Yes Female always legal[4][32] 		No No No No No No
Lesotho Lesotho Yes Male legal since 2012
Female always legal[4] 		No No No No May possibly change gender under the National Identity Cards Act 9 of 2011[79]
Malawi Malawi No Illegal since 1891 (as British Central Africa Protectorate)[32]
Penalty: Up to 14 years imprisonment, with or without corporal punishment for men
up to 5 years imprisonment for women (repeal proposed)[4][80][32][81][82] 		No No No No No No
Mozambique Mozambique Yes Legal since 2015[83][84] No No No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination[4][71]
Namibia Namibia Yes Legal since 2024[85] No/Yes Foreign same-sex marriages recognised[citation needed]. No/Yes Foreign same-sex marriages recognised[citation needed]. No No Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination.[86] Yes Under the Births, Marriages and Deaths Registration Act 81 of 1963[87]
South Africa South Africa Yes Male legal since 1998
Female always legal; equal age of consent since 2007
+ UN decl. sign.[4] 		Yes Limited recognition of unregistered partnerships since 1998; same-sex marriage since 2006 Yes Legal since 2006 Yes Legal since 2002 Yes Since 1998 Yes Constitution bans all anti-gay discrimination Yes Anti-discrimination laws are interpreted to include gender identity[citation needed]; legal gender may be changed after surgical or medical treatment
Zambia Zambia No Illegal since 1911 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia)
Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment. (repeal proposed)[4][32] 		No No No No No No
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe No Male illegal since 1891 (as part of the British South Africa Company rule of Rhodesia)
Penalty: up to 14 years imprisonment. (repeal proposed)
Yes Female always legal[4][32] 		No No Constitutional ban since 2013[88] No No No No


References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
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