Portal:Mexico

The Temple of Warriors at Chichen Itza, Mexico ¡Bienvenido! Welcome to the Mexico portal Mexico Flag Coat of arms Location Southern portion of North America Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. Covering 1,972,550 km2 (761,610 sq mi), it is the world's 13th largest country by area; with a population of almost 130 million, it is the 10th most populous country and has the most Spanish speakers in the world. Mexico is a constitutional republic comprising 31 states and Mexico City, its capital and largest city, which is among the world's most populous metropolitan areas. The country shares land borders with the United States to the north, with Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; as well as maritime borders with the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the southeast, and the Gulf of Mexico to the east. Human presence in Pre-Columbian Mexico dates back to 8,000 BC as one of six cradles of civilization. The Mesoamerican region hosted civilizations including the Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacan, and Purepecha. Aztec domination of the area preceded Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, which established the colony of New Spain centered in the former capital, Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City). The colonial era ended in the early 19th century with the Mexican War of Independence, followed by political and socioeconomic upheaval. The Mexican–American War resulted in significant territorial losses in 1848. Liberal reforms introduced in the Constitution of 1857 prompted domestic conflict, French intervention, and the establishment of an Empire, countered by the Republican resistance led by Benito Juárez. The rise of Porfirio Díaz's dictatorship in the 19th century sparked the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which led to profound changes, such as the 1917 Constitution. Over the 20th century, Mexico experienced significant economic growth; as well as issues of repression and electoral fraud. The late twentieth century saw a shift towards neoliberal policies, exemplified by the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994, amidst unrest in Chiapas. (Full article...) Featured article - This is a Featured article, which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia. Romance is the eighth studio album by Mexican singer Luis Miguel. It was released by WEA Latina on 19 November 1991. Although the production was originally intended as another collaboration with Juan Carlos Calderón, that plan was scrapped when Calderón was unable to compose songs for the album. Facing a new-material deadline in his recording contract, at his manager's suggestion Miguel chose bolero music for his next project. Mexican singer-songwriter Armando Manzanero was hired by WEA Latina to co-produce the album with Miguel. Recording began in August 1991 at Ocean Way Recording in Hollywood, California, with Bebu Silvetti the arranger. On the album Miguel covers twelve boleros, originally recorded from 1944 to 1986. The first two singles, "Inolvidable" and "No Sé Tú", reached number one on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart in the United States and spent six months atop the Mexican charts. "Mucho Corazón" and "Cómo" were in the top five of the Hot Latin Songs chart, and "Usted" and "La Barca" received airplay throughout Latin America. Miguel promoted the record with a tour of the United States and Latin America. The album was generally well received by music critics, who praised Miguel's singing and the record's production. The singer received several accolades, including a Grammy nomination for Best Latin Pop Album. (Full article...) List of Featured articles Olmec colossal heads Texas Revolution Hurricane Kenna Mayan languages Battle of the Alamo Chicxulub crater Nahuatl Grass Fight Segundo Romance Convention of 1833 Battle of Agua Dulce Aries (album) Municipalities of Baja California Maya stelae Pinguicula moranensis Fredonian Rebellion Hurricane Lane (2006) CMLL World Light Heavyweight Championship Convention of 1832 Battle of Lipantitlán Amarte Es un Placer (album) Battle of San Patricio Selected article - The Mexican Dirty War (Spanish: Guerra sucia) was the Mexican theater of the Cold War, an internal conflict from the 1960s to the 1980s between the Mexican Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)-ruled government under the presidencies of Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Luis Echeverría and José López Portillo, which were backed by the US government, and left-wing student and guerrilla groups. During the war, government forces carried out disappearances (estimated at 1,200), systematic torture, and "probable extrajudicial executions". In the 1960s and 1970s, Mexico was persuaded to be part of both Operation Intercept and Operation Condor, developed between 1975 and 1978, with the pretext to fight against the cultivation of opium and marijuana in the "Golden Triangle", particularly in Sinaloa. (Full article...) List of selected articles Mexico City Chichen Itza Day of the Dead Mexican Drug War Palenque 1985 Mexico City earthquake Cabo San Lucas Economy of Mexico Cancún Revillagigedo Islands Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl Historic center of Mexico City Tijuana LGBT rights in Mexico Guadalajara Mexican Revolution History of the Catholic Church in Mexico Bajío Volkswagen Beetle in Mexico Tourism in Mexico Puebla (city) Avocado production in Mexico Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda TV Azteca Laredo–Nuevo Laredo North American Free Trade Agreement Tequila Ciudad Juárez Mexican muralism Popular fixed markets in Mexico Oaxaca Mexico national football team Mexican War of Independence Mexican–American War Monterrey COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico Ciudad Juárez cobalt-60 contamination incident National Autonomous University of Mexico Matamoros, Tamaulipas 1970 FIFA World Cup Selected picture Bodegón con frutas (con alacrán y rana) (English: Still life with fruit (with scorpion and frog)) (1874), Hermenegildo Bustos, Museo Nacional de Arte image credit: public domain Good article - This is a Good article, an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards. Estrada in 2018, applying a hold on El Felino (masked) Jerry Estrada (full name, Gerardo Hernández Estrada; born January 10, 1958, Monclova, Coahuila) is a semi-retired Mexican luchador (professional wrestler). For most of his career, he has portrayed a rudo (heel, those that portray the "bad guys") character, nicknamed "El Puma". His rudo persona was pattered on various Glam Rock bands, complete with colorful spandex and what was described as a "rock and roll" attitude in the ring. He was originally active from 1978 until 2003 when he was forced to retire due to chronic injures caused by his signature bumps outside the ring. Estrada began working select matches again in 2018. Estrada was a major star for Empresa Mexicana de Lucha Libre (EMLL) during the 1980s but was one of the first wrestlers to leave EMLL to work for Antonio Peña's newly started Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) in 1992. He also had a brief run in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1997 and 1998 when AAA and WWF had a working agreement. From 1991 to 2008 Mini-Estrella Enrique del Rio worked under the ring name Jerrito Estrada, a mini version of Jerry Estrada. (Full article...) List of Good articles Grolier Codex Gadsden Purchase Hasta la Raíz Sésamo Máscara Dorada Unomásuno Lola Álvarez Bravo Todos Los Romances Toniná Torreón massacre Hells Bells (cave formations) El Ejemplo Nazario Moreno González 2018 Mexico City ePrix Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral Así Fue Mexican National Women's Championship Mexican National Trios Championship Mis Romances Mis Boleros Favoritos Hotelito Desconocido María Santos Gorrostieta Salazar Mario Ramírez Treviño Ángel de Oro Villano III Cactus wren Último Guerrero Antonio Cárdenas Guillén Aztecazo 1959 Mexico hurricane 1 May 2015 Jalisco attacks Selected biography - Kahlo in 1932 Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈfɾiða ˈkalo]; 6 July 1907 – 13 July 1954) was a Mexican painter known for her many portraits, self-portraits, and works inspired by the nature and artifacts of Mexico. Inspired by the country's popular culture, she employed a naïve folk art style to explore questions of identity, postcolonialism, gender, class, and race in Mexican society. Her paintings often had strong autobiographical elements and mixed realism with fantasy. In addition to belonging to the post-revolutionary Mexicayotl movement, which sought to define a Mexican identity, Kahlo has been described as a surrealist or magical realist. She is also known for painting about her experience of chronic pain. Born to a German father and a mestiza mother, Kahlo spent most of her childhood and adult life at La Casa Azul, her family home in Coyoacán – now publicly accessible as the Frida Kahlo Museum. Although she was disabled by polio as a child, Kahlo had been a promising student headed for medical school until being injured in a bus accident at the age of 18, which caused her lifelong pain and medical problems. During her recovery, she returned to her childhood interest in art with the idea of becoming an artist. (Full article...) List of selected biographies Vicente Fox Porfirio Díaz Juan Diego Emiliano Zapata Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Cantinflas Pancho Villa Antonio López de Santa Anna Chespirito Agustín de Iturbide Maximilian I of Mexico Benito Juárez Carlos Slim Diego Rivera Francisco I. Madero Juana Inés de la Cruz Carlos Salinas de Gortari Miguel de la Madrid In the news 27 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific hurricane season Tropical Storm John brings over 950 mm (37 inches) of rainfall to southern Guerrero, Mexico, twice eclipsing the amount of rainfall dropped by Hurricane Otis on the same area in 2023. (Reuters) 24 September 2024 – 2024 Atlantic hurricane season Tropical Storm Helene forms in the Gulf of Mexico and is expected to become a major hurricane before making landfall on the U.S. Gulf Coast on September 26. (National Hurricane Center) 24 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific hurricane season Three people are killed in flooding caused by remnants of Hurricane John in Mexico. (Reuters) 23 September 2024 – 2024 Pacific hurricane season Hurricane John makes landfall near Marquelia, Guerrero, Mexico, as a Category 3 hurricane. (AP) (NHC) 22 September 2024 – Mexican drug war The death toll from the ongoing shootouts between rival factions of the Sinaloa Cartel in Sinaloa, Mexico, increases to 70 people with 51 others missing. (Al Jazeera) 18 September 2024 – Mexican drug war Mexican Secretary of Defense Luis Cresencio Sandoval announces that at least 30 people have been killed since September 9 during shootouts between rival factions of the Sinaloa Cartel in Sinaloa, Mexico. Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador partially blames the United States for the surge in violence. (AP) (AP 2) Selected fare or cuisine - In the United States, Mexican Coca-Cola, or Mexican Coke (Spanish: Coca Cola de Vidrio, Glass Coca-Cola, or Coca-Cola in a glass bottle) or, informally, "Mexicoke", refers to Coca-Cola produced in and imported from Mexico. The Mexican formula that is exported into the U.S. is sweetened with white sugar instead of the high-fructose corn syrup used in the American formula since the early 1980s. Some tasters have said that Mexican Coca-Cola tastes better, while other blind tasting tests reported no perceptible differences in flavor. Mexican Coke should not be confused with the domestic version of Coca-Cola sold in Mexico, which since 2017 may contain the artificial sweetener sucralose, with a can containing one-third less sugar than the export product. (Full article...) List of fare/cuisine articles Mexican cuisine Cuisine of Chiapas Cuisine of Veracruz Crema (dairy product) Aztec cuisine Oaxacan cuisine Mole sauce Guacamole Enchilada Mexican breads Nachos Burrito Mexican street food Pozole Cheeses of Mexico Taco Pan dulce Mexican wine Sopa de fideo Tostilocos Beer in Mexico Calavera Champurrado Menudo (soup) General images The following are images from various Mexico-related articles on Wikipedia. Logo of Nacional Financiera (NAFIN), the state development bank. (from History of Mexico) President Felipe Calderón with President of Brazil Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. (from History of Mexico) The Zócalo (from Culture of Mexico) Ignacio Comonfort significant role during the tumultuous period of the mid-19th century, including the Reform War and early stages of the Mexican Republic's transition. (from History of Mexico) Battle of Miahuatlán took place on 3 October 1866. The liberal victory at Miahuatlán was significant because it allowed them to consolidate their control over southern Mexico and advance their agenda of liberal reforms (from History of Mexico) Colossal atlantids, pyramid B, Toltec, Tula, Mexico, ca. 900–1180 AD (from History of Mexico) Cerro del Cubilete ("Dice Cup Hill"). At the top of the hill is the Cristo Rey (Christ the King) statue. (from Culture of Mexico) Matches between Club América and Cruz Azul at the Estadio Azteca, known as the "Clásico Joven." (from Culture of Mexico) The Volkswagen Beetle, known in Mexico as the "Vocho," is perhaps the most iconic classic car in the country. Its production in Mexico began in 1967, and it continued until 2003, making it a symbol of Mexican automotive culture. (from Culture of Mexico) Equestrian statue of Charles IV in Mexico City (from History of Mexico) Lázaro Cárdenas mural (from History of Mexico) Sawdust carpet made during "The night no one sleeps" in Huamantla, Tlaxcala (from Culture of Mexico) Chihuahua Cathedral and a monument to the city's founder, Antonio Deza y Ulloa (from History of Mexico) Liberación (Liberation). Jorge González Camarena. 1908. (from Culture of Mexico) Buffalo Soldiers of the American 10th Cavalry Regiment taken prisoner during the Battle of Carrizal, Mexico in 1916. (from History of Mexico) Spanish and Portuguese empires in 1790 (from History of Mexico) General Santa Anna known for his leadership during the Texas Revolution, Mexican-American War, and turbulent periods of Mexican history marked by political instability and territorial losses. (from History of Mexico) Porfirio Díaz dominant Mexican political and military figure who served as President for much of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by his long rule and the modernization efforts known as the Porfiriato. (from History of Mexico) Plaza de las Tres Culturas (from Culture of Mexico) President Vicente Fox with Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh (from History of Mexico) Subcomandante Marcos (from History of Mexico) A unit of Cristeros preparing for battle. (from History of Mexico) Shield Jaguar and Lady Xoc, Maya, lintel 24 of temple 23, Yaxchilan, Mexico, ca. 725 ce. (from History of Mexico) President Carranza in La Cañada, Querétaro, January 22, 1916. (from History of Mexico) Exconvento (Ex-convent), by José María Velasco. 1860. (from Culture of Mexico) The Castillo, Chichen Itza, Mexico, ca. 800–900 CE (from History of Mexico) Surrender of Santa Anna by William Henry Huddle shows the Mexican president and general surrendering to a wounded Sam Houston in 1836. (from History of Mexico) Variegated maize ears (from History of Mexico) 1985 Mexico City earthquake (from History of Mexico) Cabinet Officers of Andrés Manuel López Obrador (left) and of Enrique Peña Nieto (right). (from History of Mexico) El Chapo in US custody after his extradition from Mexico. (from History of Mexico) La leyenda de los volcanes (The legend of the volcanoes). Saturnino Herrán. 1910–1912. (from Culture of Mexico) Portrait and book by Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Baroque poet and writer. (from Culture of Mexico) President Obregón. Note that he lost his right arm in the Battle of Celaya (1915), earning him the nickname of Manco de Celaya ("the one-armed man of Celaya"). (from History of Mexico) Panel 3 from Cancuen, Guatemala, representing king T'ah 'ak' Cha'an (from History of Mexico) Gilberto Bosques Saldívar took the initiative to rescue tens of thousands of Jews and Spanish Republican exiles from being deported to Nazi Germany or Spain. (from History of Mexico) The first Braceros arrive in Los Angeles by train in 1942. Photograph by Dorothea Lange. (from History of Mexico) Viceroy José de Iturrigaray (from History of Mexico) Agustín de Iturbide the first Emperor of Mexico in 1822 after leading the Mexican War of Independence against Spain, but his reign was short-lived, lasting only until 1823 when he abdicated, and Mexico transitioned to a republic. (from History of Mexico) "The Torture of Cuauhtémoc", a 19th-century painting by Leandro Izaguirre (from History of Mexico) Chacmool, Maya, from the Platform of the Eagles, Chichen Itza, Mexico, ca. 800–90 CE (from History of Mexico) Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (from History of Mexico) Entry into Mexico City by the Mexican army (from History of Mexico) Modern group monument of Cortés, Doña Marina, and their mestizo son Martín (from History of Mexico) Singer and actor Pedro Infante, one of the leading figures of the Golden Age of Mexican Cinema. (from Culture of Mexico) José Pablo Moncayo known for his orchestral works, particularly "Huapango" (from Culture of Mexico) Making cigarettes in the El Buen Tono factory, Mexico City (from History of Mexico) Battle of Tampico (1829) a conflict between Mexican forces led by General Antonio López de Santa Anna and Spanish loyalists attempting to reconquer Mexico, resulting in a decisive Mexican victory that further solidified Mexico's independence from Spain. (from History of Mexico) Plutarco Elías Calles politician and revolutionary general who served as President of Mexico from 1924 to 1928, known for his role in shaping modern Mexico through reforms and the consolidation of state power. (from History of Mexico) Mexican Army troops in the Zócalo in the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre. (from History of Mexico) Murals of Bonampak (between 580 and 800 AD) (from Culture of Mexico) Goddess, mural painting from the Tetitla apartment complex at Teotihuacan, Mexico, 650–750 CE (from History of Mexico) Comanchería, territory controlled by the Comanches, prior to 1850 (from History of Mexico) A map of Mexico 1845 after Texas annexation by the U.S. (from History of Mexico) General Pancho Villa at the entrance of Ojinaga (from History of Mexico) The Execution of Emperor Maximilian, 19 June 1867. Gen. Tomás Mejía, left, Maximilian, center, Gen. Miguel Miramón, right. Painting by Édouard Manet 1868. (from History of Mexico) Distribution of linguistic groups around 1500. (from Culture of Mexico) April 2, 1867. Entry of General Porfirio Díaz into Puebla. (from History of Mexico) Pear, Quince and Psidium cajeta. In 2010 declared the Bicentennial Dessert of Mexico. (from Culture of Mexico) Dining table, painted between 1857 y 1859, oleo sobre tela (oil on canvas) by Agustín Arrieta (from Culture of Mexico) Mexico City street market (from History of Mexico) Teotihuacan view of the Avenue of the Dead and the Pyramid of the Sun, from the Pyramid of the Moon (from History of Mexico) Logo of the Partido Nacional Revolucionario, with the colors of the Mexican flag (from History of Mexico) Victoriano Huerta, ruler of Mexico from 1913 to 1914 (from History of Mexico) A statue of a Chichimeca Warrior in the city of Querétaro (from History of Mexico) "The Fall of the Alamo" by Robert Jenkins Onderdonk (from History of Mexico) Mexican Central Railway train at station, Mexico (from History of Mexico) Fireworks in Mexico City for New Year's Day. (from Culture of Mexico) U.S. President Barack Obama and Mexican President-Elect Enrique Peña Nieto during their meet at the White House following Peña Nieto's election victory. (from History of Mexico) Battle of Centla, the first time a horse was used in battle in a war in the Americas. Mural in the Palacio Municipal of Paraíso, Tabasco (from History of Mexico) Toltec carving representing the Aztec Eagle, found in Veracruz, 10th–13th century. Metropolitan Museum of Art. (from History of Mexico) La huida a Egipto (The Flight into Egypt). Miguel Cabrera, around 1700. (from Culture of Mexico) Three world leaders: (background, left to right) Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari, U.S. President George H. W. Bush, and Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, observe the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement. (from History of Mexico) Olmec colossal (from History of Mexico) Categories Category puzzle Select [►] to view subcategories Mexico Mexico-related lists Buildings and structures in Mexico Culture of Mexico Economy of Mexico Education in Mexico Environment of Mexico Geography of Mexico Government of Mexico Health in Mexico History of Mexico Organizations based in Mexico Mexican people Politics of Mexico Society of Mexico Sport in Mexico Images of Mexico Mexico stubs Topics Related portals WikiProject You are invited to participate in WikiProject Mexico, a WikiProject dedicated to developing and improving articles about Mexico. Associated Wikimedia More portals Discover Wikipedia using portals List of all portals The arts portal Biography portal Current events portal Geography portal History portal Mathematics portal Science portal Society portal Technology portal Random portal WikiProject Portals