Indo-Tibetan Border Police

Indo-Tibetan Border Police भारत तिब्बत सीमा पुलिस
Emblem of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police
Indo-Tibetan Border Police Flag
Abbreviation	ITBP
Motto	Shaurya – Dridhata – Karm Nishtha Valour – Steadfastness and Commitment
Agency overview
Formed	1962
Employees	89,432 Active personnel
Annual budget	₹7,461.28 crore (US$894.0 million) (2022-23)
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction	IN
Governing body	Ministry of Home Affairs (India)
Constituting instrument	Indo-Tibetan Border Police Force Act, 1992
Operational structure
Headquarters	New Delhi, India
Minister responsible	Amit Shah, Union Home Minister
Agency executive	Anish Dayal Singh, IPS, Director General of ITBP
Facilities
Boats	30
Website
itbpolice.nic.in

The Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) is a border guarding force of India deployed along its borders with Tibet Autonomous Region. It is one of the seven Central Armed Police Forces, established in 1962 in the aftermath of the Sino-Indian War of 1962.

History

The force was raised in first week of 1962 war with a strength of 4 battalions for collecting intelligence,fighting conventional and guerrilla warfare and improving Indian communication systems along the Chinese border. It was raised under the CRPF Act.The took part in the 1965 Indo Pakistani War aswell as the Indo Pakistani war of 1971.In 1978 the force was reorganized with 9 service battalions, 4 specialist battalions and 2 training centres.

It provided security services for the 1982 Asian Games as well as 7th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement and the 1983 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting.

In 1987, 6 more battalions of ITBP were raised to stop bank robberies in the state of Punjab, in the final stages of the Insurgency in Punjab.

In 1992 , the ITBP got its own act.Till then ,the CRPF Acc had served as it's constituting instrument. The rules of the ITBP act were framed in 1994.

From 1989 to 2004 , the ITBP also had a minor presence in Jammu and Kashmir to combat the Insurgency in Kashmir.

In 2004 the ITBP took over border patrol responsibilities for the entire 3,448 km long In, replacing the Assam Rifles in Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh.The ITBP previously worked in cooperation with the Assam Rifles for patrolling the border.This decision was made on the basis of recommendations made by a committee set up in the aftermath of the 1999 Kargil War under the principle of "One Border, One Force".

Organization

The ITBP is divided into 2 commands which are headed by an Additional Director General of Police and 5 frontiers each headed by an Inspector General of Police(IG) .These frontiers are further divided into 15 sectors each headed by a Deputy Inspector General (DIG).

It has 60 battalions(56 regular and 4 specialist),17 training centres and 7 logistics establishments along with 2 additional rescue battalions which are deputed to the National Disaster Response Force.

Roles

ITBP is a multi-dimensional force which primarily has 5 functions:

1. Vigil on the northern borders, detection and prevention of border violations, and promotion of the sense of security among the local populace.
2. Check illegal immigration and trans-border smuggling.
3. Provide security to sensitive installations and threatened VIPs
4. Restore and preserve order in any area in the event of a disturbance.
5. To maintain peace.

Presently, battalions of ITBP are deployed on border guard duties from Karakoram Pass in Ladakh to Diphu La in Arunachal Pradesh, covering 3,488  km of the India-China border. Crewed border posts are at altitudes as high as 21,000 feet (6,400 m) in the western, middle & eastern sector of the border. ITBP is a mountain trained force and most of the officers & men are professionally trained mountaineers and skiers. The border posts patrolled by ITBP are exposed to high velocity storms, snow blizzards, avalanches, and landslides, besides the hazards of high altitude and extreme cold, where the temperature dips up to minus 40-degree Celsius. ITBP conducts Long Range and Short Range patrols to keep an effective vigil on inaccessible and uninhabited areas on the border.

The ITBP has recently taken on a disaster management role. Being the first responder for natural Disaster in Himalayas, ITBP was the first to establish 06 (now 08) Regional Response Centres in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Northeast India and carried out numerous rescue and relief operations in various disaster situations, which took place in our areas of responsibility as well as other parts of the country. ITBP has already trained 1032 personnel in Disaster Management including 98 personnel in Radiological and Chemical and Biological emergencies.ITBP being deployed in mountains has developed the expertise in rescue & relief operations in mountains, which entail different specialised skills of a very high standard. It is always first in extending rescue & relief in case of natural calamity. ITBP conducts a large number of civic action programmes in the remote border and terrorist affected areas to provide free and expert medical, health and hygiene care to the civilian population in remote villages. It has also established a National Centre for Training in Search, Rescue & Disaster response at Bhanu, Haryana which is imparting training to personnel of ITBP and other Paramilitary / State Police Forces. There is also a training centre for the Dogs at Basic Training centre situated at Bhanu. The centre is known as NICD.

The force has undertaken numerous mountaineering expeditions. Its skiers have been national champions, who have competed winter Olympics. Its river rafters have created international history in rafting through the turbulent white waters of the mighty Brahmaputra, the Indus and the Ganges. The Force has created a milestone by becoming the first Central Para Military Force to grab up the Best Marching Contingent Trophy in the Republic Day parades in 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2011. It broke new ground in 1998 when it sent the first-ever police tableau of the country to participate in the Republic Day Parade. ITBP is at the forefront of a movement for the preservation of Himalayan environment and ecology.

ITBP had provided Quarantine camp at Chhawala in New Delhi for the suspected persons during the COVID-19 pandemic who were evacuated from Wuhan. It had also set up camps at its other locations in the country for further quarantine.It has ITBP also been credited with running the world's largest Sardar Patel Covid Care Centre SPCCC, Radha Soami Beas, Chhatarpur, New Delhi when it treated corona patients during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd waves of deadly corona virus at the National Capital.

Chitkul Village, as seen from the road to the ITBP checkpost

ITBP has taken up in a big way the task of greening the Himalayan regions especially in Inner Himalayas. Being the only human presence in areas close to China border, it has taken on itself the task of maintaining the delicate balance of flora and fauna.

Personnel

Training

ITBPs major training centre is located at Mussoorie, in Uttarakhand. The Training Academy has been established in 1976 and imparts training to Officers of the force. The training programme to Subordinate Officers of the force are conducted at Central Training College Alwar and Basic Training College, Bhanu (Haryana). Specialised training programmes in rock craft, explosives handling etc. are also conducted here. Ace mountaineer and Padma Shri awardee, Harbhajan Singh, IG heads this institution. Keeping in view the evolving security scenario of the country, ITBP established a Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare(CIJW) School at an altitude of 6,000 feet in the heart of extremely tough Himalayan mountains, at Mahidanda in Uttarkashi district. The CIJW school (NOT the same as the premier CIJWS of the Indian Army) provides training to ITBP's men and officers in anti-Naxal Operations. Jungle warfare, handling of explosives, rock craft, survival in adverse conditions, unarmed combat, and guerrilla warfare are some of the subjects trained here. On account of demands to realistic Anti naxal training the CIJW School of ITBP was shifted to Belgaum Karnataka

The training regime, formulated under the close supervision of Rajiv Mehta, IPS and executed on the ground by Sanjeev Raina, DIG is extremely demanding both mentally and physically, needing special preparation. The presence of the force along the Indo China border where it maintains vigil along the extremely difficult high altitude border area. The troops of the force keep a sharp eye on any violation of the border, trans-border smuggling, and affords a sense of security to the remotely located isolated settlements. The altitude where the troops are deployed range up to 18,800 feet and the temperature plummets to minus 30 degrees during winter with snowfall of more than ten feet.

Maintaining the highest tradition of supreme sacrifice in the service of motherland the Himveers are also taught to function effectively while always keeping in mind human rights and the codes of war which always guide their conduct.

The Basic Training Centre at Bhanu, Haryana ITBP Academy at Mussourie, and the Mountaineering & Skiing Institute at Auli run the training programmes and conduct indoor and outdoor training activities, in pursuance of this mission.

ITBP is building a full-fledged recreation and training centre in Belgaum at Halbhavi. Belgaum provides the best climate for recreation and ITBP will relocate the personal and will have large family bases in Belgaum for its soldiers after high altitude stress.

Personnel of veterinary wing of ITBP are trained in "Yak handling and Management", at ICAR-National Research Institute on Yak. Yaks are used by ITBP for transportation and logistics

The ITBP is trained in the Civil Medical Camp, disaster management, and nuclear, biological and chemical disasters

Community Activities

Sports

The ITBP organize an ice-hockey team which is considered one of the strongest in the country with many of its players also participating in the national team. The team have won the Indian Ice Hockey Championship on at least three occasions, most recently in 2019.

Social Work

ITBP also conducts civic action programmes and Border Area Development Programmes for development of local population in the border areas and areas where the Force is deployed.

ITBP is the only Central Armed Police Force in India, which has combatised stress counsellors in its Field units, Formations Including the Ranks - Deputy Commandants ESC, Assistant Commandant-ESC, Inspector-ESC, Sub Inspector-ESC and Head Constable-ESC. These uniformed stress counsellors also play a major role in improving education for ITBP wards and the local children near ITBP Units. There are 21 ITBP Public Schools across the country run by ESC personnel of ITBPolice Force.

ITBP personnel interacting with civilians in Nathu La

ITBP Schools are located at remote areas like Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Leh and Sonipat, Dwarka Delhi.

Himveer Wives' Welfare Association (HWWA)

Himveer Wives' Welfare Association is a welfare wing of the Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP). It is a non-profit organisation that works for the spouse, children or any dependents of ITBP personnel. It is registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. The association aims to rehabilitate battle casualties and widows of those who are killed in action in the line of duty. Other than that, the association organises vocational training and empowers the beneficiaries. There are more than 88,000 members in the association. The association also works for the welfare of local population in the remote Himalayan region. The formal registration of the family welfare organization of ITBP named "Himveer Wives' Welfare Association" was done on 19 May, 1998 in New Delhi. Its motto is ‘Development through active involvement’. It organises annual exhibitions to showcase rare products of Himalayan region, the profit of which is used for welfare of the families of ITBP. It also honors Veer Naris (War Widows) on special occasions and provides them assistance when needed. It organises its Raising Day every year and announces various welfare programmes for its members as well as conducts training programs.

Line of duty deaths

Due to the fact that the Indo Tibetan Border Police rarely sees combat unlike most of the other Central Armed Police Forces , the the number of fallen officers is relatively low. Many of these deaths are caused due to natural disasters.

• Assistant Commandant Ashok Kumar Rana was killed in 1998 at Chirwar, in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, in an encounter with terrorists in jammu and Kashmir.
• Deputy Commandant Joy Lal, HC Khajan Singh, HC Shamsher Singh,& CT Kailash Chand were killed in a land mine blast.
• Inspector Raj Kumar was killed in 1997 in an encounter terrorist in Wangam in Jammu and Kashmir, and was posthumously decorated.
• Constable Suresh Kumar was killed in December 1994 in an encounter with terrorists in Jammu and Kashmir, and was posthumously decorated.
• Constable Kishan Ram killed in March 1994 in an encounter with terrorists in District Anantnag in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, and was posthumously decorated.
• Three members of the ITBP were also killed in an attempt to climb Mount Everest during a severe storm in 1996.
• CT Ajay Pathania and Roop Singh were killed during 2008 bombing of Indian embassy in Kabul. Both have been honoured with Kirti Chakra on 15 August 2008.
• Six ITBP personnel were killed during rescue operations in flood hit Uttarakhand when the Mi-17V5 helicopter of IAF crashed due to bad weather in 2013. [1]

Honours and decorations

In the course of active duties, the force has earned a number of civil and service honours, and decorations.

Name of award	Number
Padma Shree	6
Kirti Chakra	2
Shaurya Chakra	6
Sena Medal	1
President's Police Medal for Gallantry	19
Police Medal for Gallantry	92
President's Police Medal for Distinguished Service	101
Police Medal for Meritorious Service	292
Prime Minister's Life Saving Medal	86

See also

• Assam Rifles
• Border outpost
• Border Security Force
• Central Industrial Security Force
• Central Reserve Police Force
• Indo-Tibetan Border Police (Water Wing)
• Ministry of Home Affairs
• National Security Guard
• Sashastra Seema Bal

External links

• ITBP website