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Adropin

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Predicted structure of Adropin (AlphaFold)

Adropin is a peptide encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated gene ENHO,[1] which is highly conserved across mammals.[2] Adropin's biological role was first described in mice by a group led by Andrew Butler, as a protein hormone, secreted from the liver (hepatokine), in the context of obesity and energy homeostasis. They derived the name "Adropin" from the Latin "aduro" - to set fire to, and "pinguis" - fat.[3] In animals, adropin has been shown to have a regulatory role in carbohydrate/lipid metabolism,[4] as well as in endothelial function.[5][6] Adropin expression is regulated by feeding status,[4] the biological clock,[7] as well as upregulated by estrogen[8] via ERa.[9] In humans, lower levels of circulating adropin are associated with several medical conditions including metabolic syndrome, obesity[10] and inflammatory bowel disease.[11] The brain is the organ with the highest levels of adropin expression.[12] The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR19, has been proposed as a receptor for adropin,[13] with a potential role in brain aging, cognitive function,[14] and acute ischemia.[15]

References

  1. ^ "ENHO Gene - GeneCards | ENHO Protein | ENHO Antibody". www.genecards.org.
  2. ^ "ortholog_gene_375704[group] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  3. ^ Kumar, K. Ganesh; Trevaskis, James L.; Lam, Daniel D.; Sutton, Gregory M.; Koza, Robert A.; Chouljenko, Vladimir N.; Kousoulas, Konstantin G.; Rogers, Pamela M.; Kesterson, Robert A.; Thearle, Marie; Ferrante, Anthony W. (2008-12-06). "Identification of Adropin as a Secreted Factor Linking Dietary Macronutrient Intake with Energy Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism". Cell Metabolism. 8 (6): 468–481. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.10.011. ISSN 1550-4131. PMC 2746325. PMID 19041763.
  4. ^ a b Banerjee, Subhashis; Ghoshal, Sarbani; Stevens, Joseph R.; McCommis, Kyle S.; Gao, Su; Castro-Sepulveda, Mauricio; Mizgier, Maria L.; Girardet, Clemence; Kumar, K. Ganesh; Galgani, Jose E.; Niehoff, Michael L. (2020-10-02). "Hepatocyte expression of the micropeptide adropin regulates the liver fasting response and is enhanced by caloric restriction". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 295 (40): 13753–13768. doi:10.1074/jbc.RA120.014381. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 7535914. PMID 32727846.
  5. ^ Lovren, Fina; Pan, Yi; Quan, Adrian; Singh, Krishna K.; Shukla, Praphulla C.; Gupta, Milan; Al-Omran, Mohammed; Teoh, Hwee; Verma, Subodh (2010-09-14). "Adropin Is a Novel Regulator of Endothelial Function". Circulation. 122 (11_suppl_1): S185–S192. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.931782. PMID 20837912. S2CID 798093.
  6. ^ Jurrissen, Thomas J.; Ramirez-Perez, Francisco I.; Cabral-Amador, Francisco J.; Soares, Rogerio N.; Pettit-Mee, Ryan J.; Betancourt-Cortes, Edgar E.; McMillan, Neil J.; Sharma, Neekun; Rocha, Helena N. M.; Fujie, Shumpei; Morales-Quinones, Mariana; Lazo-Fernandez, Yoskaly; Butler, Andrew A.; Banerjee, Subhashis; Sacks, Harold S. (2022-09-09). "Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 323 (5): H879–H891. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00385.2022. ISSN 0363-6135. PMC 9602697. PMID 36083795. S2CID 252160224.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC embargo expired (link)
  7. ^ Kolben, Yotam; Weksler-Zangen, Sarah; Ilan, Yaron (2021-02-01). "Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system-autonomic nervous system-chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature-based platform for chronotherapy". Obesity Reviews. 22 (2): e13108. doi:10.1111/obr.13108. ISSN 1467-789X. PMID 32720402. S2CID 220841405.
  8. ^ Stokar, Joshua; Gurt, Irina; Cohen-Kfir, Einav; Yakubovsky, Oran; Hallak, Noa; Benyamini, Hadar; Lishinsky, Natan; Offir, Neta; Tam, Joseph; Dresner-Pollak, Rivka (2022-06-01). "Hepatic adropin is regulated by estrogen and contributes to adverse metabolic phenotypes in ovariectomized mice". Molecular Metabolism. 60: 101482. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101482. ISSN 2212-8778. PMC 9044006. PMID 35364299.
  9. ^ Meda, Clara; Dolce, Arianna; Vegeto, Elisabetta; Maggi, Adriana; Della Torre, Sara (January 2022). "ERα-Dependent Regulation of Adropin Predicts Sex Differences in Liver Homeostasis during High-Fat Diet". Nutrients. 14 (16): 3262. doi:10.3390/nu14163262. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 9416503. PMID 36014766.
  10. ^ Soltani, Sepideh; Kolahdouz-Mohammadi, Roya; Aydin, Suleyman; Yosaee, Somaye; Clark, Cain C. T.; Abdollahi, Shima (2022-03-01). "Circulating levels of adropin and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". Hormones. 21 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1007/s42000-021-00331-0. ISSN 2520-8721. PMID 34897581. S2CID 245119139.
  11. ^ Brnić, Darko; Martinovic, Dinko; Zivkovic, Piero Marin; Tokic, Daria; Tadin Hadjina, Ivana; Rusic, Doris; Vilovic, Marino; Supe-Domic, Daniela; Tonkic, Ante; Bozic, Josko (2020-06-09). "Serum adropin levels are reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 9264. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.9264B. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66254-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7283308. PMID 32518265.
  12. ^ "Tissue expression of ENHO - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas". www.proteinatlas.org. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  13. ^ Stein, Lauren M.; Yosten, Gina L. C.; Samson, Willis K. (2016-03-15). "Adropin acts in brain to inhibit water drinking: potential interaction with the orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR19". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 310 (6): R476–R480. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00511.2015. ISSN 0363-6119. PMC 4867374. PMID 26739651.
  14. ^ Banerjee, Subhashis; Ghoshal, Sarbani; Girardet, Clemence; DeMars, Kelly M.; Yang, Changjun; Niehoff, Michael L.; Nguyen, Andrew D.; Jayanth, Prerana; Hoelscher, Brittany A.; Xu, Fenglian; Banks, William A. (2021-08-30). "Adropin correlates with aging-related neuropathology in humans and improves cognitive function in aging mice". npj Aging and Mechanisms of Disease. 7 (1): 23. doi:10.1038/s41514-021-00076-5. ISSN 2056-3973. PMC 8405681. PMID 34462439.
  15. ^ Yang, Changjun; Liu, Lei; Lavayen, Bianca P.; Larochelle, Jonathan; Gunraj, Rachel E.; Butler, Andrew A.; Candelario-Jalil, Eduardo (2022). "Therapeutic Benefits of Adropin in Aged Mice After Transient Ischemic Stroke via Reduction of Blood-Brain Barrier Damage". Stroke. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.039628. PMID 36305313. S2CID 253184087.


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