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Adropin

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Predicted structure of Adropin (AlphaFold)

Adropin is a peptide encoded by the energy homeostasis-associated gene ENHO,[1] which is highly conserved across mammals.[2] Adropin's biological role was first described by a group led by Andrew Butler, as a protein hormone, secreted from the liver (hepatokine), in the context of obesity and energy homeostasis in mice. The name "Adropin" was derived from the Latin "aduro" - to set fire to, and "pinguis" - fat.[3] In animals, adropin has been shown to have a regulatory role in carbohydrate/lipid metabolism,[4] as well as in endothelial function.[5] Adropin expression is regulated by feeding status,[4] the biological clock,[6] and by estrogen via ERa.[7][8] In humans, lower levels of circulating adropin are associated with several medical conditions including metabolic syndrome, obesity[9] and inflammatory bowel disease.[10] The brain is the organ with the highest levels of adropin expression.[11] The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR19, has been proposed as a receptor for adropin,[12] with a potential role in aging and cognitive function.[13]

References

  1. ^ "ENHO Gene - GeneCards | ENHO Protein | ENHO Antibody". www.genecards.org.
  2. ^ "ortholog_gene_375704[group] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  3. ^ Kumar, K. Ganesh; Trevaskis, James L.; Lam, Daniel D.; Sutton, Gregory M.; Koza, Robert A.; Chouljenko, Vladimir N.; Kousoulas, Konstantin G.; Rogers, Pamela M.; Kesterson, Robert A.; Thearle, Marie; Ferrante, Anthony W. (2008-12-06). "Identification of Adropin as a Secreted Factor Linking Dietary Macronutrient Intake with Energy Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism". Cell Metabolism. 8 (6): 468–481. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.10.011. ISSN 1550-4131. PMC 2746325. PMID 19041763.
  4. ^ a b Banerjee, Subhashis; Ghoshal, Sarbani; Stevens, Joseph R.; McCommis, Kyle S.; Gao, Su; Castro-Sepulveda, Mauricio; Mizgier, Maria L.; Girardet, Clemence; Kumar, K. Ganesh; Galgani, Jose E.; Niehoff, Michael L. (2020-10-02). "Hepatocyte expression of the micropeptide adropin regulates the liver fasting response and is enhanced by caloric restriction". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 295 (40): 13753–13768. doi:10.1074/jbc.RA120.014381. ISSN 0021-9258. PMC 7535914. PMID 32727846.
  5. ^ Lovren, Fina; Pan, Yi; Quan, Adrian; Singh, Krishna K.; Shukla, Praphulla C.; Gupta, Milan; Al-Omran, Mohammed; Teoh, Hwee; Verma, Subodh (2010-09-14). "Adropin Is a Novel Regulator of Endothelial Function". Circulation. 122 (11_suppl_1): S185–S192. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.931782. PMID 20837912. S2CID 798093.
  6. ^ Kolben, Yotam; Weksler-Zangen, Sarah; Ilan, Yaron (2021-02-01). "Adropin as a potential mediator of the metabolic system-autonomic nervous system-chronobiology axis: Implementing a personalized signature-based platform for chronotherapy". Obesity Reviews. 22 (2): e13108. doi:10.1111/obr.13108. ISSN 1467-789X. PMID 32720402. S2CID 220841405.
  7. ^ Stokar, Joshua; Gurt, Irina; Cohen-Kfir, Einav; Yakubovsky, Oran; Hallak, Noa; Benyamini, Hadar; Lishinsky, Natan; Offir, Neta; Tam, Joseph; Dresner-Pollak, Rivka (2022-06-01). "Hepatic adropin is regulated by estrogen and contributes to adverse metabolic phenotypes in ovariectomized mice". Molecular Metabolism. 60: 101482. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101482. ISSN 2212-8778. PMC 9044006. PMID 35364299.
  8. ^ Meda, Clara; Dolce, Arianna; Vegeto, Elisabetta; Maggi, Adriana; Della Torre, Sara (January 2022). "ERα-Dependent Regulation of Adropin Predicts Sex Differences in Liver Homeostasis during High-Fat Diet". Nutrients. 14 (16): 3262. doi:10.3390/nu14163262. ISSN 2072-6643.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  9. ^ Soltani, Sepideh; Kolahdouz-Mohammadi, Roya; Aydin, Suleyman; Yosaee, Somaye; Clark, Cain C. T.; Abdollahi, Shima (2022-03-01). "Circulating levels of adropin and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies". Hormones. 21 (1): 15–22. doi:10.1007/s42000-021-00331-0. ISSN 2520-8721. PMID 34897581. S2CID 245119139.
  10. ^ Brnić, Darko; Martinovic, Dinko; Zivkovic, Piero Marin; Tokic, Daria; Tadin Hadjina, Ivana; Rusic, Doris; Vilovic, Marino; Supe-Domic, Daniela; Tonkic, Ante; Bozic, Josko (2020-06-09). "Serum adropin levels are reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 9264. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.9264B. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66254-9. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7283308. PMID 32518265.
  11. ^ "Tissue expression of ENHO - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas". www.proteinatlas.org. Retrieved 2022-08-21.
  12. ^ Stein, Lauren M.; Yosten, Gina L. C.; Samson, Willis K. (2016-03-15). "Adropin acts in brain to inhibit water drinking: potential interaction with the orphan G protein-coupled receptor, GPR19". American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 310 (6): R476–R480. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00511.2015. ISSN 0363-6119. PMC 4867374. PMID 26739651.
  13. ^ Banerjee, Subhashis; Ghoshal, Sarbani; Girardet, Clemence; DeMars, Kelly M.; Yang, Changjun; Niehoff, Michael L.; Nguyen, Andrew D.; Jayanth, Prerana; Hoelscher, Brittany A.; Xu, Fenglian; Banks, William A. (2021-08-30). "Adropin correlates with aging-related neuropathology in humans and improves cognitive function in aging mice". NPJ Aging and Mechanisms of Disease. 7 (1): 23. doi:10.1038/s41514-021-00076-5. ISSN 2056-3973. PMC 8405681. PMID 34462439.


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