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Theban Tomb 414 Ankh-Hor |
Theban Tomb 414 Ankh-Hor |
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Tomb 414 was originally constructed in the [[El-Assasif|Assasif]] necropolis for the use of Ank-hor and his family. Ankhor was the Chief Steward to the [[God's Wife of Amun|God's Wife]] [[Nitocris I (Divine Adoratrice)|Nitocris]] during the [[Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt|26th dynasty]]. Ankh-hor is dated to the reigns of Pharaohs [[Psamtik II]] and [[Apries]]. |
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The tomb was later usurped during the [[Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt|30th dynasty]] and the [[Ptolemaic Kingdom|Ptolemaic Period]]. |
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==Family of Ankh-hor== |
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During the period of ca 590-530 BC the tomb was used for Ankh-hor and his family. Burials include those of Ankh-hor and family members including a sister, several brothers and a daughter. During this early phase of the use if the tomb the main burial sites were shafts in rooms 7,8 and 9. The burials were thoroughly ransacked, but remains of [[Coffin|coffins]], pearl nets, [[Stele|stelae]], [[Canopic jar|canopic jars]], [[Ushabti|shabhtis]], and [[Ptah]]-[[Seker|Sokar]]-[[Osiris]] statuettes were found. |
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Fragments of two anthropoid coffins of Ankh-Hor were discovered in the tomb. The inner wooden coffin is notable due to the poor quality of the decorations. This is in stark contrast to the size and architecture of the tomb itself, as well as the quality of the funerary equipment of contemporary family members.<ref name="budka"/> |
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Relatively well preserved and of high quality is, for example, some of the coffins of a possible nephew or grandson of Ankh-Hor named Psammetik-men-em-Waset II. Parts of the coffin were found spread over multiple locations in the tomb. The largest fragments came from room 10, where the sarcophagus was apparently located.<ref name="budka"/> |
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In room 8 the remains of the funerary equipment of a woman named Her-aset was found. She was possibly the wife of one of Ankh-Hor's brothers. The finds included an anthropoid coffin, a wooden stele and a Ptah-Sokar-Osiris statuette. <ref name="budka"> Budka, Julia, Varianz im regelwerk:Bestattungsabläufe im Monumentalgrab von Anch-Hor, Obersthofmeister der Gottesgemahlin Nitokris (TT 414), Ägypten und Levante 20, 2010, S. 49–66, retrieved online <https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/83649795.pdf></ref> |
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==Family of Padi-Amun-neb-nesutawy I and Wahibre I== |
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The family of Padi-Amen-neb-nesuttawy I, a priest of Amun from Karnak introduced secondary burials in room 7.1 and constructed additional rooms (for instance 10.2). This second stage of the use of the tomb took place in ca. 380-300 BC<ref name="budka"/> The intact burial of Wahibre I dates to the 30th dynasty, and the find was published by [[Manfred Bietak|Bietak]] and Reiser-Haslauer in 1982.<ref name="Budka2">Julia Budka, Tamás Mekis and Marie-Cécile Bruwier, Reuse of Saite temple tombs in the Asasif during the early Ptolemaic time - The tomb of Mw.t-Mnw from TT 414, Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant , 2012/2013, Vol. 22/23 (2012/2013), pp. 209-251, [available through JSTOR http://www.jstor.com/stable/43552819]</ref> |
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==Family of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh== |
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During the period of 300-150 BC the tomb was used by the family of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh. Secundary burials were placed in the tomb and some sarcophagi were recycled. The atrium of the tomb shows signs of repair during this time.<ref name="budka"/> Funerary items from the family of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh and his wife Mut-min we found in rooms 4 and 7 of the tomb. These include fragments of the coffin of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh himself, the [[Canopic chest|canopic chest]] and [[Hydrocephalus|hydrocephalus]] of Mut-min, panels of the inner anthropoid coffins of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh and Mut-menu's sons Padi-amun-neb-nesut-tawy V and Iret-Hor-ru. The tomb also contained the pedestal of a Ptah-Sokar-Osiris statue with the name of Amun-hotep called Py-hj, another son of Djed-Khonsu-iuef-ankh and his wife Mut-min. From inscriptions at the temple in Djeme ([[Medinet Habu (location)|Medinet Habu]]) a fourth son is known, named Pa-kher-en-Khonsu V and his titles including God's father and prophet of [[Amun]] in [[Karnak]], servant of the Upper-Egyptian crown, servant of Hor-wer-wadjti, administrator in the 3rd phyle of Amunemopet. The inscription at Djeme dates Pa-kher-en-Khonsu V to the reign of Alexander IV (years 5 and 12, i.e. 312 and 305 BC) <ref name="Budka2"/> |
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==Family of Horus and Osoroeris== |
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During the period of 150/100 - 0 BC the tomb was used by the family of Horus (Hor) and one of his sons Osoroeris.<ref name="budka"/> <ref>Jochem Kahl, Nicole Kloth, Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur, Band 47, Helmut Buske Verlag, 2018</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 16:59, 30 June 2020
Theban Tomb 414 Ankh-Hor