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Established in 1937, the paper appointed Communist Party member [[Esther Vilenska]] editor in 1943, and chief editor in 1947. Vilenska's second husband, Zvi Breidstein, was also an editor of the paper.
Established in 1937, the paper appointed Communist Party member [[Esther Vilenska]] editor in 1943, and chief editor in 1947. Vilenska's second husband, Zvi Breidstein, was also an editor of the paper.


In 1953 ''Kol HaAm'' and its Arabic-language sister newspaper [[Al-Ittihad (Israeli newspaper)|Al-Ittihad]] published a controversial article on the [[Korean War]], which resulted in the [[Internal Affairs Minister of Israel|Minister of Internal Affairs]] [[Israel Rokach]], ordering the paper to close for 15 days. The papers filed a petition to the [[Supreme Court of Israel|Supreme Court]], which ruled that the suspension had been wrongly issued and should be set aside.<ref name=YS>Schmidt, Y (2008) [https://books.google.com/books?id=51gNA4Go_lUC&pg=PA126&lpg=PA126&dq=kol+ha-am&source=bl&ots=MTUUuhNznv&sig=__9GJEyI6Vxv54fQFcfgj15CWAg&hl=en&ei=KNMTSrS1NorLjAeosomzBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#PPA126,M1 ''Foundations of Civil and Political Rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories''], GRIN Verlag, p. 126.</ref><ref>[https://versa.cardozo.yu.edu/opinions/kol-haam-co-ltd-v-minister-interior English translation of HCJ 75/53 ''Kol Ha'am v. Minister of the Interior'']</ref> The ruling utilized the [[Declaration of Independence (Israel)|Declaration of Independence]] in making its judgment on the issue of free speech, the first time the Declaration was used as an instrument for interpretation.<ref name=YS/> In doing so, the Court reversed the holding in HCJ 10/48 ''Zeev v. Gubernik'', ''per'' President [[Moshe Smoira]], that the Declaration of Independence was merely declaratory.<ref>[) http://versa.cardozo.yu.edu/opinions/zeev-v-acting-district-commissioner-urban-area-tel-aviv English translation of HCH 10/48 ''Zeev v.District Commissioner'']</ref> In 1992, the principles of the Declaration of Independence were formally incorporated into [[Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty]], thus granting the Declaration formal constitutional status.<ref>[https://knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/basic3_eng.htm Basic Law:Human Dignity and Liberty]</ref>
In 1953 ''Kol HaAm'' and its Arabic-language sister newspaper [[Al-Ittihad (Israeli newspaper)|Al-Ittihad]] published a controversial article on the [[Korean War]], which resulted in the [[Internal Affairs Minister of Israel|Minister of Internal Affairs]] [[Israel Rokach]], ordering the paper to close for 15 days. The papers filed a petition to the [[Supreme Court of Israel|Supreme Court]], which ruled that the suspension had been wrongly issued and should be set aside.<ref name=YS>Schmidt, Y (2008) [https://books.google.com/books?id=51gNA4Go_lUC&pg=PA126&lpg=PA126&dq=kol+ha-am&source=bl&ots=MTUUuhNznv&sig=__9GJEyI6Vxv54fQFcfgj15CWAg&hl=en&ei=KNMTSrS1NorLjAeosomzBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#PPA126,M1 ''Foundations of Civil and Political Rights in Israel and the Occupied Territories''], GRIN Verlag, p126</ref><ref>[https://versa.cardozo.yu.edu/opinions/kol-haam-co-ltd-v-minister-interior Kol Ha'am Co., Ltd. v. Minister of the Interior] Versa</ref> The ruling utilised the [[Declaration of Independence (Israel)|Declaration of Independence]] in making its judgement on the issue of free speech, the first time the declaration was used as an instrument for interpretation.<ref name=YS/> In doing so, the court reversed the holding in High Court Judgement 10/48 ''Zeev v. Gubernik'' that the objective of the Declaration of Independence was solely to declare the establishment of the state of Israel.<ref>[http://versa.cardozo.yu.edu/opinions/zeev-v-acting-district-commissioner-urban-area-tel-aviv Zeev v. Acting District Commissioner of the Urban Area of Tel Aviv] Versa</ref> In 1992, the principles of the Declaration of Independence were formally incorporated into [[Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty]],<ref>[https://knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/basic3_eng.htm Basic Law:Human Dignity and Liberty] Knesset</ref> granting the declaration formal constitutional status.


What became known as the "Kol Ha'am Decision" also set the precedent that newspapers could only be shut down if there was a "probable" danger to national security.<ref>[http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4612 "Government orders closure of Arab weekly"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030170853/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4612 |date=2007-10-30 }}, Reporters Without Borders, 24 December 2002.</ref>
What became known as the "Kol HaAm Decision" also set the precedent that newspapers could only be shut down if there was a "almost certain" danger to national security.<ref>[http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4612 "Government orders closure of Arab weekly"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030170853/http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=4612 |date=2007-10-30 }}, Reporters Without Borders, 24 December 2002.</ref>


The newspaper ceased publication in 1975.
The newspaper ceased publication in 1975.

Revision as of 10:29, 10 May 2020

Kol HaAm
Owner(s)Maki
Founded1937
LanguageHebrew
Ceased publication1975

Kol HaAm (Template:Lang-he, lit. "Voice of the People") was a Hebrew-language newspaper in Mandatory Palestine and Israel. It was initially published by the Palestine Communist Party and later by its successor, the Israeli Communist Party.

History

Established in 1937, the paper appointed Communist Party member Esther Vilenska editor in 1943, and chief editor in 1947. Vilenska's second husband, Zvi Breidstein, was also an editor of the paper.

In 1953 Kol HaAm and its Arabic-language sister newspaper Al-Ittihad published a controversial article on the Korean War, which resulted in the Minister of Internal Affairs Israel Rokach, ordering the paper to close for 15 days. The papers filed a petition to the Supreme Court, which ruled that the suspension had been wrongly issued and should be set aside.[1][2] The ruling utilised the Declaration of Independence in making its judgement on the issue of free speech, the first time the declaration was used as an instrument for interpretation.[1] In doing so, the court reversed the holding in High Court Judgement 10/48 Zeev v. Gubernik that the objective of the Declaration of Independence was solely to declare the establishment of the state of Israel.[3] In 1992, the principles of the Declaration of Independence were formally incorporated into Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty,[4] granting the declaration formal constitutional status.

What became known as the "Kol HaAm Decision" also set the precedent that newspapers could only be shut down if there was a "almost certain" danger to national security.[5]

The newspaper ceased publication in 1975.

Writers

Writers for the paper included:

References