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{{PBB|geneid=4085}}
{{PBB|geneid=4085}}
'''Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''MAD2L1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8824189">{{cite journal | author = Li Y, Benezra R | title = Identification of a human mitotic checkpoint gene: hsMAD2 | journal = Science | volume = 274 | issue = 5285 | pages = 246–8 |date=October 1996 | pmid = 8824189 | pmc = | doi =10.1126/science.274.5285.246 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9345911">{{cite journal | author = Xu L, Deng HX, Yang Y, Xia JH, Hung WY, Siddque T | title = Assignment of mitotic arrest deficient protein 2 (MAD2L1) to human chromosome band 5q23.3 by in situ hybridization | journal = Cytogenet Cell Genet | volume = 78 | issue = 1 | pages = 63–4 |date=November 1997 | pmid = 9345911 | pmc = | doi =10.1159/000134631 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MAD2L1 MAD2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (yeast)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4085| accessdate = }}</ref>
'''Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''MAD2L1'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8824189">{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Li Y, Benezra R | title = Identification of a human mitotic checkpoint gene: hsMAD2 | journal = Science | volume = 274 | issue = 5285 | pages = 246-8 | year = 1996 | date = October 1996 | pmid = 8824189 | pmc = | doi = 10.1126/science.274.5285.246 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9345911">{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Xu L, Deng HX, Yang Y, Xia JH, Hung WY, Siddque T | title = Assignment of mitotic arrest deficient protein 2 (MAD2L1) to human chromosome band 5q23.3 by in situ hybridization | journal = Cytogenet. Cell Genet. | volume = 78 | issue = 1 | pages = 63-4 | year = 1997 | date = November 1997 | pmid = 9345911 | pmc = | doi = 10.1159/000134631 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MAD2L1 MAD2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (yeast)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4085| accessdate = }}</ref>


== Function ==
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
⚫
| summary_text = MAD2L1 is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint that prevents the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are properly aligned at the metaphase plate. MAD2L1 is related to the MAD2L2 gene located on chromosome 1. A MAD2 pseudogene has been mapped to chromosome 14.<ref name="entrez"/>
}}


⚫
MAD2L1 is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint that prevents the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are properly aligned at the metaphase plate. MAD2L1 is related to the MAD2L2 gene located on chromosome 1. A MAD2 pseudogene has been mapped to chromosome 14.<ref name="entrez"/>
==Interactions==
MAD2L1 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[MAD2L2]],<ref name=pmid10660610>{{cite journal |last=Murakumo |first=Y |authorlink= |author2=Roth T |author3=Ishii H |author4=Rasio D |author5=Numata S |author6=Croce C M |author7=Fishel R |date=February 2000 |title=A human REV7 homolog that interacts with the polymerase zeta catalytic subunit hREV3 and the spindle assembly checkpoint protein hMAD2 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue=6 |pages=4391–7 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 10660610 |doi=10.1074/jbc.275.6.4391 }}</ref> [[CDC20]],<ref name=pmid11438673>{{cite journal |last=Zhang |first=Y |authorlink= |author2=Lees E |date=August 2001 |title=Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=21 |issue=15 |pages=5190–9 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0270-7306| pmid = 11438673 |doi = 10.1128/MCB.21.15.5190-5199.2001 |pmc=87243 }}</ref><ref name=pmid14607335>{{cite journal |last=Sihn |first=Choong-Ryoul |authorlink= |author2=Suh Eun-Jung |author3=Lee Kee-Ho |author4=Kim Tae-Yoon |author5=Kim Sang Hoon |date=November 2003 |title=p55CDC/hCDC20 mutant induces mitotic catastrophe by inhibiting the MAD2-dependent spindle checkpoint activity in tumor cells |journal=Cancer Lett. |volume=201 |issue=2 |pages=203–10 |publisher= |location = Ireland| issn = 0304-3835| pmid = 14607335 |doi=10.1016/S0304-3835(03)00465-8 }}</ref><ref name=pmid10700282>{{cite journal |last=Luo |first=X |authorlink= |author2=Fang G |author3=Coldiron M |author4=Lin Y |author5=Yu H |author6=Kirschner M W |author7=Wagner G |date=March 2000 |title=Structure of the Mad2 spindle assembly checkpoint protein and its interaction with Cdc20 |journal=Nat. Struct. Biol. |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=224–9 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 1072-8368| pmid = 10700282 |doi = 10.1038/73338 }}</ref><ref name=pmid11707408>{{cite journal |last=Sironi |first=L |authorlink= |author2=Melixetian M |author3=Faretta M |author4=Prosperini E |author5=Helin K |author6=Musacchio A |date=November 2001 |title=Mad2 binding to Mad1 and Cdc20, rather than oligomerization, is required for the spindle checkpoint |journal=EMBO J. |volume=20 |issue=22 |pages=6371–82 |publisher= |location = England| issn = 0261-4189| pmid = 11707408 |doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.22.6371 |pmc=125308 }}</ref><ref name=pmid14561775>{{cite journal |last=D'Angiolella |first=Vincenzo |authorlink= |author2=Mari Cecilia |author3=Nocera Donatella |author4=Rametti Linda |author5=Grieco Domenico |date=October 2003 |title=The spindle checkpoint requires cyclin-dependent kinase activity |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=17 |issue=20 |pages=2520–5 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0890-9369| pmid = 14561775 |doi = 10.1101/gad.267603 |pmc=218146 }}</ref><ref name=pmid12196507>{{cite journal |last=Kallio |first=Marko J |authorlink= |author2=Beardmore Victoria A |author3=Weinstein Jasminder |author4=Gorbsky Gary J |date=September 2002 |title=Rapid microtubule-independent dynamics of Cdc20 at kinetochores and centrosomes in mammalian cells |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=158 |issue=5 |pages=841–7 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9525| pmid = 12196507 |doi = 10.1083/jcb.200201135 |pmc=2173153 }}</ref><ref name=pmid9736712>{{cite journal |last=Wassmann |first=K |authorlink= |author2=Benezra R |date=September 1998 |title=Mad2 transiently associates with an APC/p55Cdc complex during mitosis |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=95 |issue=19 |pages=11193–8 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 9736712 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.19.11193 |pmc=21618 }}</ref><ref name=pmid9628895>{{cite journal |last=Kallio |first=M |authorlink= |author2=Weinstein J |author3=Daum J R |author4=Burke D J |author5=Gorbsky G J |date=June 1998 |title=Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex, and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=141 |issue=6 |pages=1393–406 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0021-9525| pmid = 9628895 |doi=10.1083/jcb.141.6.1393 |pmc=2132789 }}</ref><ref name=pmid9637688>{{cite journal |last=Fang |first=G |authorlink= |author2=Yu H |author3=Kirschner M W |date=June 1998 |title=The checkpoint protein MAD2 and the mitotic regulator CDC20 form a ternary complex with the anaphase-promoting complex to control anaphase initiation |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=12 |issue=12 |pages=1871–83 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0890-9369| pmid = 9637688 |doi=10.1101/gad.12.12.1871 |pmc=316912 }}</ref><ref name=pmid11274370>{{cite journal |last=Skoufias |first=D A |authorlink= |author2=Andreassen P R |author3=Lacroix F B |author4=Wilson L |author5=Margolis R L |date=April 2001 |title=Mammalian mad2 and bub1/bubR1 recognize distinct spindle-attachment and kinetochore-tension checkpoints |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=98 |issue=8 |pages=4492–7 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 11274370 |doi = 10.1073/pnas.081076898 |pmc=31862 }}</ref><ref name=pmid18997788>{{cite journal |last=Nilsson |first=Jakob |authorlink= |author2=Yekezare Mona |author3=Minshull Jeremy |author4=Pines Jonathon |date=December 2008 |title=The APC/C maintains the spindle assembly checkpoint by targeting Cdc20 for destruction |journal=Nat. Cell Biol. |volume=10 |issue=12 |pages=1411–20 |publisher= |location = England| issn = | pmid = 18997788 |doi = 10.1038/ncb1799 |pmc=2635557 }}</ref><ref name=pmid18592005>{{cite journal |last=Privette |first=Lisa M |authorlink= |author2=Weier Jingly Fung |author3=Nguyen Ha Nam |author4=Yu Xiaochun |author5=Petty Elizabeth M |date=July 2008 |title=Loss of CHFR in human mammary epithelial cells causes genomic instability by disrupting the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint |journal=Neoplasia |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=643–52 |publisher= |location = Canada| issn = | pmid = 18592005 |pmc=2435002 }}</ref> [[BUB1B]],<ref name=pmid11535616>{{cite journal |last=Sudakin |first=V |authorlink= |author2=Chan G K |author3=Yen T J |date=September 2001 |title=Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2 |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=154 |issue=5 |pages=925–36 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9525| pmid = 11535616 |doi = 10.1083/jcb.200102093 |pmc=2196190 }}</ref> [[Estrogen receptor beta]],<ref name=pmid10706629>{{cite journal |last=Poelzl |first=G |authorlink= |author2=Kasai Y |author3=Mochizuki N |author4=Shaul P W |author5=Brown M |author6=Mendelsohn M E |date=March 2000 |title=Specific association of estrogen receptor beta with the cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint protein, MAD2 |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=97 |issue=6 |pages=2836–9 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 10706629 |doi = 10.1073/pnas.050580997 |pmc=16016 }}</ref> [[ADAM17]],<ref name=pmid10527948>{{cite journal |last=Nelson |first=K K |authorlink= |author2=Schlöndorff J |author3=Blobel C P |date=November 1999 |title=Evidence for an interaction of the metalloprotease-disintegrin tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE) with mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2), and of the metalloprotease-disintegrin MDC9 with a novel MAD2-related protein, MAD2beta |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=343 Pt 3 |issue= |pages=673–80 |publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0264-6021| pmid = 10527948 |pmc=1220601 |doi=10.1042/0264-6021:3430673}}</ref><ref name=pmid11741929>{{cite journal |last=Poghosyan |first=Zaruhi |authorlink= |author2=Robbins Stephen M |author3=Houslay Miles D |author4=Webster Ailsa |author5=Murphy Gillian |author6=Edwards Dylan R |date=February 2002 |title=Phosphorylation-dependent interactions between ADAM15 cytoplasmic domain and Src family protein-tyrosine kinases |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue=7 |pages=4999–5007 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 11741929 |doi = 10.1074/jbc.M107430200 }}</ref> [[Ubiquitin D|UBD]],<ref name=pmid10200259>{{cite journal |last=Liu |first=Y C |authorlink= |author2=Pan J |author3=Zhang C |author4=Fan W |author5=Collinge M |author6=Bender J R |author7=Weissman S M |date=April 1999 |title=A MHC-encoded ubiquitin-like protein (FAT10) binds noncovalently to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=96 |issue=8 |pages=4313–8 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 10200259 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.8.4313 |pmc=16329 }}</ref> [[CDC27]]<ref name=pmid9736712/><ref name=pmid9628895/> and [[Mad1]].<ref name=pmid10660610/><ref name=pmid11707408/><ref name=pmid16189514>{{cite journal |last=Rual |first=Jean-François |authorlink= |coauthors=Venkatesan Kavitha, Hao Tong, Hirozane-Kishikawa Tomoko, Dricot Amélie, Li Ning, Berriz Gabriel F, Gibbons Francis D, Dreze Matija, Ayivi-Guedehoussou Nono, Klitgord Niels, Simon Christophe, Boxem Mike, Milstein Stuart, Rosenberg Jennifer, Goldberg Debra S, Zhang Lan V, Wong Sharyl L, Franklin Giovanni, Li Siming, Albala Joanna S, Lim Janghoo, Fraughton Carlene, Llamosas Estelle, Cevik Sebiha, Bex Camille, Lamesch Philippe, Sikorski Robert S, Vandenhaute Jean, Zoghbi Huda Y, Smolyar Alex, Bosak Stephanie, Sequerra Reynaldo, Doucette-Stamm Lynn, Cusick Michael E, Hill David E, Roth Frederick P, Vidal Marc |date=October 2005 |title=Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=437 |issue=7062 |pages=1173–8 |publisher= |location = England| issn = | pmid = 16189514 |doi = 10.1038/nature04209 }}</ref>


==References==
== Interactions ==

MAD2L1 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[ADAM17]],<ref name = pmid10527948>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Nelson KK, Schlöndorff J, Blobel CP | title = Evidence for an interaction of the metalloprotease-disintegrin tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE) with mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2), and of the metalloprotease-disintegrin MDC9 with a novel MAD2-related protein, MAD2beta | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 343 Pt 3 | issue = | pages = 673-80 | year = 1999 | date = November 1999 | pmid = 10527948 | pmc = 1220601 | doi = }}</ref><ref name = pmid11741929>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Poghosyan Z, Robbins SM, Houslay MD, Webster A, Murphy G, Edwards DR | title = Phosphorylation-dependent interactions between ADAM15 cytoplasmic domain and Src family protein-tyrosine kinases | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 277 | issue = 7 | pages = 4999-5007 | year = 2002 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11741929 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M107430200 }}</ref>
⚫
* [[BUB1B]],<ref name = pmid11535616>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Sudakin V, Chan GK, Yen TJ | title = Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2 | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 154 | issue = 5 | pages = 925-36 | year = 2001 | date = September 2001 | pmid = 11535616 | pmc = 2196190 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200102093 }}</ref>
* [[CDC20]],<ref name = pmid11438673>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Zhang Y, Lees E | title = Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 21 | issue = 15 | pages = 5190-9 | year = 2001 | date = August 2001 | pmid = 11438673 | pmc = 87243 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.21.15.5190-5199.2001 }}</ref><ref name = pmid14607335>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Sihn CR, Suh EJ, Lee KH, Kim TY, Kim SH | title = p55CDC/hCDC20 mutant induces mitotic catastrophe by inhibiting the MAD2-dependent spindle checkpoint activity in tumor cells | journal = Cancer Lett. | volume = 201 | issue = 2 | pages = 203-10 | year = 2003 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14607335 | doi = }}</ref><ref name = pmid10700282>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Luo X, Fang G, Coldiron M, Lin Y, Yu H, Kirschner MW, Wagner G | title = Structure of the Mad2 spindle assembly checkpoint protein and its interaction with Cdc20 | journal = Nat. Struct. Biol. | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 224-9 | year = 2000 | date = March 2000 | pmid = 10700282 | doi = 10.1038/73338 }}</ref><ref name = pmid11707408>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Sironi L, Melixetian M, Faretta M, Prosperini E, Helin K, Musacchio A | title = Mad2 binding to Mad1 and Cdc20, rather than oligomerization, is required for the spindle checkpoint | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 20 | issue = 22 | pages = 6371-82 | year = 2001 | date = November 2001 | pmid = 11707408 | pmc = 125308 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.22.6371 }}</ref><ref name = pmid14561775>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = D'Angiolella V, Mari C, Nocera D, Rametti L, Grieco D | title = The spindle checkpoint requires cyclin-dependent kinase activity | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 17 | issue = 20 | pages = 2520-5 | year = 2003 | date = October 2003 | pmid = 14561775 | pmc = 218146 | doi = 10.1101/gad.267603 }}</ref><ref name = pmid12196507>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Kallio MJ, Beardmore VA, Weinstein J, Gorbsky GJ | title = Rapid microtubule-independent dynamics of Cdc20 at kinetochores and centrosomes in mammalian cells | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 158 | issue = 5 | pages = 841-7 | year = 2002 | date = September 2002 | pmid = 12196507 | pmc = 2173153 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200201135 }}</ref><ref name = pmid9736712>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Wassmann K, Benezra R | title = Mad2 transiently associates with an APC/p55Cdc complex during mitosis | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 95 | issue = 19 | pages = 11193-8 | year = 1998 | date = September 1998 | pmid = 9736712 | pmc = 21618 | doi = }}</ref><ref name = pmid9628895>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Kallio M, Weinstein J, Daum JR, Burke DJ, Gorbsky GJ | title = Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex, and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 141 | issue = 6 | pages = 1393-406 | year = 1998 | date = June 1998 | pmid = 9628895 | pmc = 2132789 | doi = }}</ref><ref name = pmid9637688>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Fang G, Yu H, Kirschner MW | title = The checkpoint protein MAD2 and the mitotic regulator CDC20 form a ternary complex with the anaphase-promoting complex to control anaphase initiation | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 12 | issue = 12 | pages = 1871-83 | year = 1998 | date = June 1998 | pmid = 9637688 | pmc = 316912 | doi = }}</ref><ref name = pmid11274370>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Skoufias DA, Andreassen PR, Lacroix FB, Wilson L, Margolis RL | title = Mammalian mad2 and bub1/bubR1 recognize distinct spindle-attachment and kinetochore-tension checkpoints | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 98 | issue = 8 | pages = 4492-7 | year = 2001 | date = April 2001 | pmid = 11274370 | pmc = 31862 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.081076898 }}</ref><ref name = pmid18997788>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Nilsson J, Yekezare M, Minshull J, Pines J | title = The APC/C maintains the spindle assembly checkpoint by targeting Cdc20 for destruction | journal = Nat. Cell Biol. | volume = 10 | issue = 12 | pages = 1411-20 | year = 2008 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 18997788 | pmc = 2635557 | doi = 10.1038/ncb1799 }}</ref><ref name = pmid18592005>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Privette LM, Weier JF, Nguyen HN, Yu X, Petty EM | title = Loss of CHFR in human mammary epithelial cells causes genomic instability by disrupting the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint | journal = Neoplasia | volume = 10 | issue = 7 | pages = 643-52 | year = 2008 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18592005 | pmc = 2435002 | doi = }}</ref>
* [[CDC27]]<ref name = pmid9736712/><ref name = pmid9628895/> and
* [[Estrogen receptor beta]],<ref name = pmid10706629>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Poelzl G, Kasai Y, Mochizuki N, Shaul PW, Brown M, Mendelsohn ME | title = Specific association of estrogen receptor beta with the cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint protein, MAD2 | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 2836-9 | year = 2000 | date = March 2000 | pmid = 10706629 | pmc = 16016 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.050580997 }}</ref>
* [[MAD2L2]],<ref name = pmid10660610>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Murakumo Y, Roth T, Ishii H, Rasio D, Numata S, Croce CM, Fishel R | title = A human REV7 homolog that interacts with the polymerase zeta catalytic subunit hREV3 and the spindle assembly checkpoint protein hMAD2 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 275 | issue = 6 | pages = 4391-7 | year = 2000 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10660610 | doi = }}</ref>
* [[Mad1]],<ref name = pmid10660610/><ref name = pmid11707408/><ref name = pmid16189514>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M | title = Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network | journal = Nature | volume = 437 | issue = 7062 | pages = 1173-8 | year = 2005 | date = October 2005 | pmid = 16189514 | doi = 10.1038/nature04209 }}</ref> and
* [[Ubiquitin D | UBD]].<ref name = pmid10200259>{{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Liu YC, Pan J, Zhang C, Fan W, Collinge M, Bender JR, Weissman SM | title = A MHC-encoded ubiquitin-like protein (FAT10) binds noncovalently to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 96 | issue = 8 | pages = 4313-8 | year = 1999 | date = April 1999 | pmid = 10200259 | pmc = 16329 | doi = }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Maruyama K, Sugano S | title = Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides | journal = Gene | volume = 138 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 171-4 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8125298 | doi = 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = O'Neill TJ, Zhu Y, Gustafson TA | title = Interaction of MAD2 with the carboxyl terminus of the insulin receptor but not with the IGFIR. Evidence for release from the insulin receptor after activation | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 15 | pages = 10035-40 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9092546 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.15.10035 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Maruyama K, Sugano S |title=Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides. |journal=Gene |volume=138 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 171–4 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8125298 |doi=10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S | title = Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library | journal = Gene | volume = 200 | issue = 1-2 | pages = 149-56 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9373149 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
*{{cite journal | author=O'Neill TJ, Zhu Y, Gustafson TA |title=Interaction of MAD2 with the carboxyl terminus of the insulin receptor but not with the IGFIR. Evidence for release from the insulin receptor after activation |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue= 15 |pages= 10035–40 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9092546 |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.15.10035 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Jin DY, Spencer F, Jeang KT | title = Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 oncoprotein Tax targets the human mitotic checkpoint protein MAD1 | journal = Cell | volume = 93 | issue = 1 | pages = 81-91 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9546394 | doi = 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81148-4 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. |title=Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library |journal=Gene |volume=200 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 149–56 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9373149 |doi=10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Krishnan R, Goodman B, Jin DY, Jeang KT, Collins C, Stetten G, Spencer F | title = Map location and gene structure of the Homo sapiens mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2L1) gene at 4q27 | journal = Genomics | volume = 49 | issue = 3 | pages = 475-8 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9615237 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1998.5233 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jin DY, Spencer F, Jeang KT |title=Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 oncoprotein Tax targets the human mitotic checkpoint protein MAD1 |journal=Cell |volume=93 |issue= 1 |pages= 81–91 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9546394 |doi=10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81148-4 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Kallio M, Weinstein J, Daum JR, Burke DJ, Gorbsky GJ | title = Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex, and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 141 | issue = 6 | pages = 1393-406 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9628895 | pmc = 2132789 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.141.6.1393 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Krishnan R, Goodman B, Jin DY, et al. |title=Map location and gene structure of the Homo sapiens mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2L1) gene at 4q27 |journal=Genomics |volume=49 |issue= 3 |pages= 475–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9615237 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1998.5233 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Fang G, Yu H, Kirschner MW | title = The checkpoint protein MAD2 and the mitotic regulator CDC20 form a ternary complex with the anaphase-promoting complex to control anaphase initiation | journal = Genes Dev. | volume = 12 | issue = 12 | pages = 1871-83 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9637688 | pmc = 316912 | doi = 10.1101/gad.12.12.1871 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kallio M, Weinstein J, Daum JR, et al. |title=Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex, and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=141 |issue= 6 |pages= 1393–406 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9628895 |doi=10.1083/jcb.141.6.1393 | pmc=2132789 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Wassmann K, Benezra R | title = Mad2 transiently associates with an APC/p55Cdc complex during mitosis | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 95 | issue = 19 | pages = 11193-8 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9736712 | pmc = 21618 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.95.19.11193 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fang G, Yu H, Kirschner MW |title=The checkpoint protein MAD2 and the mitotic regulator CDC20 form a ternary complex with the anaphase-promoting complex to control anaphase initiation |journal=Genes Dev. |volume=12 |issue= 12 |pages= 1871–83 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9637688 |doi=10.1101/gad.12.12.1871 | pmc=316912 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Liu YC, Pan J, Zhang C, Fan W, Collinge M, Bender JR, Weissman SM | title = A MHC-encoded ubiquitin-like protein (FAT10) binds noncovalently to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 96 | issue = 8 | pages = 4313-8 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10200259 | pmc = 16329 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4313 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wassmann K, Benezra R |title=Mad2 transiently associates with an APC/p55Cdc complex during mitosis |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=95 |issue= 19 |pages= 11193–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9736712 |doi=10.1073/pnas.95.19.11193 | pmc=21618 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Cahill DP, da Costa LT, Carson-Walter EB, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Lengauer C | title = Characterization of MAD2B and other mitotic spindle checkpoint genes | journal = Genomics | volume = 58 | issue = 2 | pages = 181-7 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10366450 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.5831 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Liu YC, Pan J, Zhang C, et al. |title=A MHC-encoded ubiquitin-like protein (FAT10) binds noncovalently to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2 |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=96 |issue= 8 |pages= 4313–8 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10200259 |doi=10.1073/pnas.96.8.4313 | pmc=16329 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Nelson KK, Schlöndorff J, Blobel CP | title = Evidence for an interaction of the metalloprotease-disintegrin tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE) with mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2), and of the metalloprotease-disintegrin MDC9 with a novel MAD2-related protein, MAD2beta | journal = Biochem. J. | volume = 343 Pt 3 | issue = | pages = 673-80 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10527948 | pmc = 1220601 | doi = 10.1042/0264-6021:3430673 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cahill DP, da Costa LT, Carson-Walter EB, et al. |title=Characterization of MAD2B and other mitotic spindle checkpoint genes |journal=Genomics |volume=58 |issue= 2 |pages= 181–7 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10366450 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1999.5831 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Murakumo Y, Roth T, Ishii H, Rasio D, Numata S, Croce CM, Fishel R | title = A human REV7 homolog that interacts with the polymerase zeta catalytic subunit hREV3 and the spindle assembly checkpoint protein hMAD2 | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 275 | issue = 6 | pages = 4391-7 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10660610 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.275.6.4391 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nelson KK, Schlöndorff J, Blobel CP |title=Evidence for an interaction of the metalloprotease-disintegrin tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE) with mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2), and of the metalloprotease-disintegrin MDC9 with a novel MAD2-related protein, MAD2beta |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=343 Pt 3 |issue= |pages= 673–80 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10527948 |doi= 10.1042/0264-6021:3430673| pmc=1220601 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Luo X, Fang G, Coldiron M, Lin Y, Yu H, Kirschner MW, Wagner G | title = Structure of the Mad2 spindle assembly checkpoint protein and its interaction with Cdc20 | journal = Nat. Struct. Biol. | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 224-9 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10700282 | doi = 10.1038/73338 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Murakumo Y, Roth T, Ishii H, et al. |title=A human REV7 homolog that interacts with the polymerase zeta catalytic subunit hREV3 and the spindle assembly checkpoint protein hMAD2 |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=275 |issue= 6 |pages= 4391–7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10660610 |doi=10.1074/jbc.275.6.4391 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Poelzl G, Kasai Y, Mochizuki N, Shaul PW, Brown M, Mendelsohn ME | title = Specific association of estrogen receptor beta with the cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint protein, MAD2 | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 97 | issue = 6 | pages = 2836-9 | year = 2000 | pmid = 10706629 | pmc = 16016 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.050580997 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Luo X, Fang G, Coldiron M, et al. |title=Structure of the Mad2 spindle assembly checkpoint protein and its interaction with Cdc20 |journal=Nat. Struct. Biol. |volume=7 |issue= 3 |pages= 224–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10700282 |doi= 10.1038/73338 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Steuerwald N, Cohen J, Herrera RJ, Sandalinas M, Brenner CA | title = Association between spindle assembly checkpoint expression and maternal age in human oocytes | journal = Mol. Hum. Reprod. | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 49-55 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11134360 | doi = 10.1093/molehr/7.1.49 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Poelzl G, Kasai Y, Mochizuki N, et al. |title=Specific association of estrogen receptor beta with the cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint protein, MAD2 |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 6 |pages= 2836–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10706629 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.050580997 | pmc=16016 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Campbell MS, Chan GK, Yen TJ | title = Mitotic checkpoint proteins HsMAD1 and HsMAD2 are associated with nuclear pore complexes in interphase | journal = J. Cell. Sci. | volume = 114 | issue = Pt 5 | pages = 953-63 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11181178 | doi = }}
*{{cite journal | author=Steuerwald N, Cohen J, Herrera RJ, et al. |title=Association between spindle assembly checkpoint expression and maternal age in human oocytes |journal=Mol. Hum. Reprod. |volume=7 |issue= 1 |pages= 49–55 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11134360 |doi=10.1093/molehr/7.1.49 }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Zhang Y, Lees E | title = Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 21 | issue = 15 | pages = 5190-9 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11438673 | pmc = 87243 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.21.15.5190-5199.2001 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Campbell MS, Chan GK, Yen TJ |title=Mitotic checkpoint proteins HsMAD1 and HsMAD2 are associated with nuclear pore complexes in interphase |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=114 |issue= Pt 5 |pages= 953–63 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11181178 |doi= }}
* {{vcite2 journal | vauthors = Sudakin V, Chan GK, Yen TJ | title = Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2 | journal = J. Cell Biol. | volume = 154 | issue = 5 | pages = 925-36 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11535616 | pmc = 2196190 | doi = 10.1083/jcb.200102093 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang Y, Lees E |title=Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=21 |issue= 15 |pages= 5190–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11438673 |doi= 10.1128/MCB.21.15.5190-5199.2001 | pmc=87243 }}
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*{{cite journal | author=Sudakin V, Chan GK, Yen TJ |title=Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2 |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=154 |issue= 5 |pages= 925–36 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11535616 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200102093 | pmc=2196190 }}
}}
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Revision as of 19:14, 23 January 2015

Template:PBB Mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAD2L1 gene.[1][2][3]

Function

MAD2L1 is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint that prevents the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are properly aligned at the metaphase plate. MAD2L1 is related to the MAD2L2 gene located on chromosome 1. A MAD2 pseudogene has been mapped to chromosome 14.[3]

Interactions

MAD2L1 has been shown to interact with:

References

  1. ^ Li Y, Benezra R (October 1996). "Identification of a human mitotic checkpoint gene: hsMAD2". Science. 274 (5285): 246–8. doi:10.1126/science.274.5285.246. PMID 8824189.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  2. ^ Xu L, Deng HX, Yang Y, Xia JH, Hung WY, Siddque T (November 1997). "Assignment of mitotic arrest deficient protein 2 (MAD2L1) to human chromosome band 5q23.3 by in situ hybridization". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 78 (1): 63–4. doi:10.1159/000134631. PMID 9345911.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  3. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: MAD2L1 MAD2 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (yeast)".
  4. ^ Nelson KK, Schlöndorff J, Blobel CP (November 1999). "Evidence for an interaction of the metalloprotease-disintegrin tumour necrosis factor alpha convertase (TACE) with mitotic arrest deficient 2 (MAD2), and of the metalloprotease-disintegrin MDC9 with a novel MAD2-related protein, MAD2beta". Biochem. J. 343 Pt 3: 673–80. PMC 1220601. PMID 10527948.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ^ Poghosyan Z, Robbins SM, Houslay MD, Webster A, Murphy G, Edwards DR (February 2002). "Phosphorylation-dependent interactions between ADAM15 cytoplasmic domain and Src family protein-tyrosine kinases". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (7): 4999–5007. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107430200. PMID 11741929.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  6. ^ Sudakin V, Chan GK, Yen TJ (September 2001). "Checkpoint inhibition of the APC/C in HeLa cells is mediated by a complex of BUBR1, BUB3, CDC20, and MAD2". J. Cell Biol. 154 (5): 925–36. doi:10.1083/jcb.200102093. PMC 2196190. PMID 11535616.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  7. ^ Zhang Y, Lees E (August 2001). "Identification of an overlapping binding domain on Cdc20 for Mad2 and anaphase-promoting complex: model for spindle checkpoint regulation". Mol. Cell. Biol. 21 (15): 5190–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.15.5190-5199.2001. PMC 87243. PMID 11438673.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  8. ^ Sihn CR, Suh EJ, Lee KH, Kim TY, Kim SH (November 2003). "p55CDC/hCDC20 mutant induces mitotic catastrophe by inhibiting the MAD2-dependent spindle checkpoint activity in tumor cells". Cancer Lett. 201 (2): 203–10. PMID 14607335.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  9. ^ Luo X, Fang G, Coldiron M, Lin Y, Yu H, Kirschner MW, Wagner G (March 2000). "Structure of the Mad2 spindle assembly checkpoint protein and its interaction with Cdc20". Nat. Struct. Biol. 7 (3): 224–9. doi:10.1038/73338. PMID 10700282.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  10. ^ a b Sironi L, Melixetian M, Faretta M, Prosperini E, Helin K, Musacchio A (November 2001). "Mad2 binding to Mad1 and Cdc20, rather than oligomerization, is required for the spindle checkpoint". EMBO J. 20 (22): 6371–82. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.22.6371. PMC 125308. PMID 11707408.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  11. ^ D'Angiolella V, Mari C, Nocera D, Rametti L, Grieco D (October 2003). "The spindle checkpoint requires cyclin-dependent kinase activity". Genes Dev. 17 (20): 2520–5. doi:10.1101/gad.267603. PMC 218146. PMID 14561775.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ^ Kallio MJ, Beardmore VA, Weinstein J, Gorbsky GJ (September 2002). "Rapid microtubule-independent dynamics of Cdc20 at kinetochores and centrosomes in mammalian cells". J. Cell Biol. 158 (5): 841–7. doi:10.1083/jcb.200201135. PMC 2173153. PMID 12196507.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  13. ^ a b Wassmann K, Benezra R (September 1998). "Mad2 transiently associates with an APC/p55Cdc complex during mitosis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (19): 11193–8. PMC 21618. PMID 9736712.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  14. ^ a b Kallio M, Weinstein J, Daum JR, Burke DJ, Gorbsky GJ (June 1998). "Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex, and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events". J. Cell Biol. 141 (6): 1393–406. PMC 2132789. PMID 9628895.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  15. ^ Fang G, Yu H, Kirschner MW (June 1998). "The checkpoint protein MAD2 and the mitotic regulator CDC20 form a ternary complex with the anaphase-promoting complex to control anaphase initiation". Genes Dev. 12 (12): 1871–83. PMC 316912. PMID 9637688.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  16. ^ Skoufias DA, Andreassen PR, Lacroix FB, Wilson L, Margolis RL (April 2001). "Mammalian mad2 and bub1/bubR1 recognize distinct spindle-attachment and kinetochore-tension checkpoints". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (8): 4492–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.081076898. PMC 31862. PMID 11274370.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  17. ^ Nilsson J, Yekezare M, Minshull J, Pines J (December 2008). "The APC/C maintains the spindle assembly checkpoint by targeting Cdc20 for destruction". Nat. Cell Biol. 10 (12): 1411–20. doi:10.1038/ncb1799. PMC 2635557. PMID 18997788.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  18. ^ Privette LM, Weier JF, Nguyen HN, Yu X, Petty EM (July 2008). "Loss of CHFR in human mammary epithelial cells causes genomic instability by disrupting the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint". Neoplasia. 10 (7): 643–52. PMC 2435002. PMID 18592005.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  19. ^ Poelzl G, Kasai Y, Mochizuki N, Shaul PW, Brown M, Mendelsohn ME (March 2000). "Specific association of estrogen receptor beta with the cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint protein, MAD2". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (6): 2836–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.050580997. PMC 16016. PMID 10706629.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  20. ^ a b Murakumo Y, Roth T, Ishii H, Rasio D, Numata S, Croce CM, Fishel R (February 2000). "A human REV7 homolog that interacts with the polymerase zeta catalytic subunit hREV3 and the spindle assembly checkpoint protein hMAD2". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (6): 4391–7. PMID 10660610.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  21. ^ Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (October 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  22. ^ Liu YC, Pan J, Zhang C, Fan W, Collinge M, Bender JR, Weissman SM (April 1999). "A MHC-encoded ubiquitin-like protein (FAT10) binds noncovalently to the spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (8): 4313–8. PMC 16329. PMID 10200259.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

Further reading

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