Arain: Difference between revisions
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==Prominent Arain== |
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'''Some history makers belong to Arain''' [[Mian Family Baghbanpura]]:< |
'''Some history makers belong to Arain''' [[Mian Family Baghbanpura]]:<ref> |
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Muhammad Hayaat Madni (Commander in Muhammad bin Qasim's army - 711 AD) |
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Family archives available with the famous Baghbanpura Arain family of Sir Muhammad Shafi http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mian_Family_Baghbanpura </ref> |
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Revision as of 04:44, 28 August 2008
The Arain (Urdu: آرائین) are an agricultural[1][2] (Pakistan and India), with significant numbers also in the Sindh[3] (Pakistan). They are chiefly associated with farming[4][5], traditionally being small landowners or zamindars[6][7].
Origin
Arain is a prominant tribe of Pakistan. Arains are known for their hard work and dedication and it is claimed that they were rulers of arab descent[8], doubtless based upon the demographic that nearly all Arain are, and have been, Sunni Muslim, as were the early Arabs of Muhammad bin Qasim's expedition[9]. Arain came from Areeha (Jericho, Syria) with Muhammad Bin Qasim in 92 Hijri (711 AD). [10] Muhammad Hayaat Madni was a Commander in Muhammad Bin Qasim's Army - 711 AD as held in the family tree of famous Arain Mian Family Baghbanpura. Reference to their lineage is made by the famous Indian Historian of Islam, Akbar Shah Khan Najeebabadi, who declared that they entered India thru Debal, Sindh with Muhammad Bin Qasim. He declared them Areehai from Arreha (Jericho) which was Punjabized with a nasal sound to Arain.[11]
Another proof of the Arain ancestry being from Muhammad Bin Qassim is the word Ar-Rai meaning shepherd in arabic and that the Arain were originally shepherds in Syria who joined the Army of Muhammad Bin Qassim to conquer India.
There are four or five main rankings (not sub-castes) which refer to the wealth held by the Arain namely Mian, Malik, Chaudary, and Mehar or Mahar. However, there is only one Arain family which bears the title Sardar. The rankings among Arain are not birthrights (such as those among other castes) and one can freely ascend/descend according to changes in personal wealth. Many gotras, or sub-clans, of the Arains bear names that indicate soldiering as an occupation. For example: Ghalar, Gahgeer and Goheer (ferocious horse of armoured corps), Gatku (fencer), Kavali (soldier patrolling while others rest), Basroo (observation post), Bahman (brave, uncontrollable or insurmountable), Bhaila (alms-keeper who walks with the commander when he is giving away alms after a victory), Daulay (those who got land in return for military services-one off shoot of this clan is titled Sardar), Khatora (spy), Ramay (archers), Rattay (bloody, red, ferocious fighters), Ramday (red -eyed soldiers), Labanay (an army column equipped with batons), Jatalay (victors), Qutub Shahi: (soldiers or their offspring who accompanied Qutubuddin Aibak), Sappal (marksmen), Bahalwan (driver of a chariot), Mudh (logisticians supplying logistics and reinforcement to the army), Teerandaz (archers), Katarband (users of katar, a weapon used by ancient armies)
Arain
A study by the Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences on blood types of the major ethnicities in the Punjab showed that O is the most common blood group (among all ethnicities), except among the Arain where B is most commonCite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page)., a politician[12], landlord and founder of the Imroze and Pakistan Times newspapers[citation needed] (later to be nationalized by the Ayub government). He was to play an important role in turning the Muslim community of urban Punjab towards favouring an independent Pakistan[13].
Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz (1896) - Founder All India Women Muslim League in 1935.
Mian Bashir Ahmad (Poet, Pakistan's first ambassador to Turkey)
Begum Bashir Ahmad (1899) - Active member All India Muslim League and Anjumn-i-Himayat-i-Islam.
Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz prominent and influential politician of Punjab in the 1920s.
Justice Mian Muhammad Aslam
Still other prominent Arain are:
Mian Rahim - ullah also known as General Adeena Beg Zafar Jang Bahadar, General and Ruler of Doaba and Punjab. [14]
Mian Sher Muhammad Sharaqpuri, great sufi and spiritual leader of India [15]
Shah Inayat Qadri - a famous Sufi of the Qadiri order, who was also the spiritual master of famour saint and poet Baba Bulleh Shah.[16]
Maulana Jafar Thanesari one of the few real freedom fighters to have challenged the British Colonial Rule in India. [17]
Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi - Shah Abdul Qadir Ludhianvi, was the first person to issue a “fatwa” against the British in 1857, for which he had to pay dearly.[18] One of the few Punjabis to have led and participated against the British in the War of Independence of 1857. His army drove the British out of Ludhiana and Panipat, but he was defeated and killed in Delhi.[19]
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto (January 5, 1928–April 4, 1979) was a Pakistani politician who served as the President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973 and as Prime Minister from 1973 to 1977. He was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), the largest and most influential political parties of Pakistan. His daughter also served twice as prime minister; she was assassinated on December 27, 2007.
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, the sixth President of Pakistan (and Chief of Staff of the Pakistani Army) was an Arain from Jalandhar[20].
Mian Azhar former Governor Punjab, Mayor Lahore and President Pakistan Muslim League [21]
Benazir Bhutto ( 1953 – December 27, 2007) was a Pakistani politician who chaired the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), a centre-left political party in Pakistan. Bhutto was the first woman elected to lead a Muslim state,[6] having twice been Prime Minister of Pakistan (1988–1990; 1993–1996).
Chaudhry Mohammad Ali, a Civil Servant from Jalandhar, became Pakistan's second Finance Minister (1951-1956) and Pakistan's fourth Prime Minister (1956-1957)[22].
Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz, an influential politician of the Punjab in the 1920s[23].
Qudratullah Shahab, ICS, Secretary General, Pakistan, Well know Civil Servant, Writer and Saint [51]
Aziz Ahmed, ICS, Chief Secretary East Pakistan and Foreign Minister
Naseem Hijazi, writer of Islamic history novels.
Akram Arain, CEO, Lahore Electric Supply Company [24]
Muhammad Aslam Saleemi, Naib Amir Jama´t Islami[52]. [25]
Mian Tufail Muhammad, former Amir Jama´t Islami[53]. [26]
Dr. Faisal Manzoor Arain (22nd November 1972), Chair, Construction Project Management Department, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology (SAIT), Calgary, Canada [27],
Muhammad Hanif Ramay (1930-2006) was an internationally renowned intellectual, journalist and former Speaker and Chief Minister of Punjab, and he was among the founding fathers of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP).[28]
Mian Amer Mahmood, Nazim of Lahore Pakistan.[29]
Honorable Mr Justice Khalil-ur-Rehman Ramday is a judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan.One of the most independent minded judges Pakistan has ever produced
Honorable Mr Justice Ishaq Chaudhary is a judge of the Ehtisab(Accountability) Court of Azad Jammu & Kashmir.He is the first Justice from the Arain Community of AJ&K. He is the President of AWC(Arain Welfare Coucil)AJ&K.
Ch Muhammad Afzal Secretary Communication and Works, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. He is the only Arain to have risen to the Secretary level in Azad Kashmir.
Ch Hafeezullah Ishaq, Ex Federal Secretary Interior Pakistan, Chairman FBR pakistan , and Chairman P&D and bank of Punjab. An honorable intellectual, leader and officer. Currently a leader of the ruling Pakistan Peoples' Party
Dr Zafar Altaf Ex Federal Secretary Agriculture and a great scholar
Anwar Ali, Chairman Pakistan Atomic Energy Comission and a great nuclear scientist who remains quiet and dedicated to his work.
Cricketer Abdul Hafeez Kardar
Cricketer Sarfraz Nawaz
Cricketer Wasim Akram
The Sardar Family
A political family hailing originally from Dipalpur near Okara, later migrated to the river Sutlej-belt near Ganda Singh Wala, Kasur, after Sikh forces destroyed their villages in Dipalpur.It is chronicaled that an elder of the family was the Governor & commander of the armies of Sultan Altamash at Dipalpur. One branch of the family still resides and occupies the anicient fortress of Kila Daulah at Dipalpur.
The families arrival in Kasur took place when, Sardar Hassan, left his ancestral village Kila Daulah at Dipalpur, alongwith a small army after the armies of Raja Ranjit Singh desimated the village. Sardar Hassan fought the Sikh war and helped the seiged Pathans of Kasur. Facing defeat at the hands of the Mahraja, He was returning to Dipalpur, when attacked by a small army of the newly appointed Sikh Governor of Kasur, near Kila Ganja. Sardar Hassan was successful in crushing the sikh forces and beheaded the Governor who was Ranjit Singhs cousin. Thereafter, Sardar Hassan occupied the Fort and permanently cohabited at Kila Ganja. The family came to be known as the Sardar family of Kasur, after people from all tribes across the region bestowed the title 'Sardar' on the family. Although there is no specific document recording the movement and origin of the family. However, family archives indicate existence of mixed blood of Arain and central asian turk (royal) ancestory. Some of the famous personalities after Sardar Hassan are:
Sardar Noor Burhan, Landlord, Honourary Magistrate & CBE. Sardar Noor Muhammad, LandLord, Honourary Magistrate & CBE.
Both the brothers refused grant of title by the British and also refused grant of vast tracts of land or jagirs. Instead, developed 20 new villages in the present day area between Chunian & Pattoki, in the latter half of the 18th century, and allotted free land to and caused migration of poor peasents, regardless of caste, to these villages. All the new villages bear identical names to those owned by the family.
Sardar Muhammad Ali, Landlord, Honourary Magistrate, CBE.
Sardar Muhammad Hussain, remained member parliement pre and post partition and founded All Pakistan Arain Council at his ancestrol village Ganja Kalan, Kasur in 1937 and was elected President of the Council.
Sardar Ahmad Ali remained member parliement from 1950s to 1977. Elected President of the Arain Council throughout his life. Among other posts He was Chairman of Gymkhana Club (1979-81) and President Punjab Provincial Cooperative Bank.
Sardar Amjad Masood, MNA Kasur, 1977.
Sardar Masood Ahmad, High ranking Bureaucrat in Punjab.
Sardar Shaukat Ali, Senior Lawyer & an activist in the communist party.
Sardar Muhammad Shaffi, lead local & regional movements against the British Raj.
Sardar Aseff Ahmad Ali, former foreign minister of Pakistan & presently an MNA on Pakistan Peoples Party ticket from Kasur.
Sardar Farooq Ahmad Ali, formerly Chairman District Council, Kasur & President Punjab Cooperative Bank. Also headed Rural Supply Cooperation of Pakistan and remained Director of The Federal Bank for Cooperatives.
Dr. Safdar Ahmad Ali, a PH.d in nucluar physics from MIT, USA who worked at high posts with the Iranian Nuclear project and later at Kahota. Also remained vice chairman of The State Cement Coorporation of Pakistan. mian muhammad amin son of ch.asmatullah arain in layyah district .the landlord and sardar of layyah.his father was a great politician.now the son named m.khurram burgees is a great engineer from university of caldary canada.
References
- ^ ".1. Acharaj. 2. Ad-Dharmi. 3. Aheri. 4. Ahir. 5. Ahluwalia. 6. Arain. 7. Arora. 8. Bahurupia...", "The land of the five rivers was known as panchanad in the ancient period, and as Punjab in the medieval period.", People of India: Punjab: Volume XXXVII, edited I J S. Bansal and Swaran Singh, New Delhi, ISBN 81-7304-123-7, https://www.vedamsbooks.com/no34962.htm.
- ^ PUNJAB
- ^ See Arain population distribution on http://www.joshuaproject.net/index.php.
- ^ "The Arain were small peasant-proprietors...", Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki.
- ^ "Behind them an angry farmer brandished a bamboo pole. He was a market-gardener, Arain by caste, growing vegetables and flowers for Umballa city, and well Kim knew the breed." (Kim, Rudyard Kipling).
- ^ "...from other zamindar (landowning) categories: Arain (5), Jat (2), Gujar (2), ...", Kinship, cultural preference and immigration: consanguineous marriage among British Pakistanis, Alison Shaw, Brunel University (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1111/1467-9655.00065).
- ^ "The Arain were small peasant-proprietors...", Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki (http://www.jstor.org/view/00044687/di014466/01p0206e/2?frame=noframe&userID=a301f288@ox.ac.uk/01cce4405f00501b38b9c&dpi=3&config=jstor).
- ^ "Additionally, the Arain group, to which I belong, claims Arab extraction.", There is many a slip betwixt cup and lip, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Daily Times, Pakistan, 18/04/2006 (http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006%5C04%5C18%5Cstory_18-4-2006_pg3_2).
- ^ "The strongest argument in favour of this claim is that Arains are always Muslims and almost entirely Sunnis as were the early Arabs who came with Muhammad bin Qasim.", There is many a slip betwixt cup and lip, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Daily Times, Pakistan, 18/04/2006.
- ^ Tarikh-i-Araian by Ali Asghar Chaudri, published by Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore Pakistan in 1989"
- ^ Akbar Shah Khan Najeebabadi's book Aina Haqeeqat-Numa published in 1931 by United India Press, Lucknow, India downloadable from http://aboutquran.com/ba/ba.htm
- ^ Chowk: : Another Forgotten Hero of Pakistan
- ^ "...who was to play an...", Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki.
- ^ ^ "destiny of the Tribe Raeen by Muhammad Shareef, published by T J Noorani, 166, Lancelot Rd, Middlesex, HAO 2BD, London, UK in 1985" and its account appears on http://www.lahorebazaar.com/lahore/dynasty/afghan_period.asp
- ^ "Tarikh-i-Araian by Ali Asghar Chaudri, published by Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore Pakistan in 1989"
- ^ "Tarikh-i-Araian by Ali Asghar Chaudri, published by Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore Pakistan in 1989"
- ^ Ali Asghar Chaudri, Tarikh-i-Araian, Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore, Pakistan in 1989" and http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_20-7-2004_pg3_2
- ^ The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Ludhiana Stories
- ^ http://www.thenews.com.pk/print1.asp?id=86233 Ishtiaq Ahmed, "An Arain Freedom Fighter"
- ^ Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki.
- ^ PPP leaders try to woo Azhar -DAWN - National; January 17, 2007
- ^ Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki.
- ^ "Mian Sir Muhammad Shah Nawaz, a prominent and influential politician of Punjab in the 1920s, was an Arain as was Mian Iftikharuddin...", Pakistan under Zia, 1977-1988, Shahid Javed Burki (http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&docId=98917428)
- ^ " http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_18-10-2004_pg7_19"
- ^ "Tarikh-i-Araian by Ali Asghar Chaudri, published by Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore Pakistan in 1989"
- ^ "Tarikh-i-Araian by Ali Asghar Chaudri, published by Ilmi Kitabkhana Urdu Bazar Lahore Pakistan in 1989"
- ^ "...some trace their origin to Persia.", There is many a slip betwixt cup and lip, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Daily Times, Pakistan, 18/04/2006.
- ^ Dialogue, NOS, The News International
- ^ Dialogue, NOS, The News International
Family archives available with the famous Baghbanpura Arain family of Sir Muhammad Shafi http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mian_Family_Baghbanpura </ref>