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{{Short description|Indian lawyer, politician and freedom-fighter}}
{{Short description|Indian lawyer, politician, and freedom fighter}}
{{Tone|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
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| term_start1 = 18 July 1937
| term_start1 = 18 July 1937
| term_end1 = 1942
| term_end1 = 1942
| governor1 =
| predecessor1 = [[B. Ramachandra Reddi]]
| predecessor1 = [[B. Ramachandra Reddi]]
| successor1 = U Rama Rao
| successor1 = U Rama Rao
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| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alma_mater =
| alma_mater =
| profession = Politician
| profession = Politician, Lawyer
| spouse =
| spouse =
}}
}}

'''Bulusu Sambamurti''' (4 March 1886 – 2 February 1958) was an Indian lawyer, politician and freedom-fighter, who served as the President of the Madras Legislative Council from 1937 to 1942. He was thus the first speaker of Madras presidency assembly. He was popularly known as '''Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurti.'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahotsav |first=Amrit |title=Maharshi Sri Bulusu Sambamurthy |url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?3348 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India |language=English}}</ref>
'''Bulusu Sambamurti''' (4 March 1886 – 2 February 1958) was an Indian lawyer, politician, and freedom fighter who played a key role in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He served as the President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]] from 1937 to 1942. Sambamurti was also an advocate for the [[Andhra movement]], which sought the creation of a separate Telugu-speaking state. He is often referred to by the honorific title of '''Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurti'''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mahotsav |first=Amrit |title=Maharshi Sri Bulusu Sambamurthy |url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?3348 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India |language=English}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Sambamurti was born on 4 March 1886 in a Telugu Vaidiki Velnadu Brahmin family in the village of Dulla in [[East Godavari district|Godavari district]], [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name="bulususambamurthystamp">{{cite news|title=Stamp on Bulusu Sambamurthy released|date=6 March 2008|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310213128/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|url-status=dead|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=10 March 2008}}</ref> His father Bulusu Subbavadhanulu was a Vedic scholar. Sambamurti had his schooling in his native village and graduated in Physics from [[Maharajah's College]], [[Vizianagaram]]. He worked for a short period as a lecturer before pursuing a course in law. Sambamurti graduated as a lawyer in 1911 and immediately enrolled in the bar at [[Cocanada]].<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu">{{cite news|title=A bit of hidden history|author=S. Muthiah|authorlink=S. Muthiah|date=18 September 2006|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104030926/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012}}</ref> When the [[Non-Cooperation movement]] broke out in 1920, inspired by a speech by [[Konda Venkatapayya Pantulu]], he gave up his profession and plunged into the [[Indian freedom struggle]]. When giving up his lucrative career, he quoted that ''poverty is better than slavery'' (దాస్యం కంటే దారిద్యం మేలు).<ref name="Bulusu Sambamurthy">{{cite journal|last1=Zamin Ryot Archives|title=Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy Astamayam|journal=Zamin Ryot Weekly|date=7 February 1958|page=4|url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1958/Feb/7-feb-1958.pdf|accessdate=26 April 2020}}</ref>
Sambamurti was born on 4 March 1886 in a Telugu [[Vaidiki Velanadu]] Brahmin family in Dulla, [[East Godavari district]], [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name="bulususambamurthystamp">{{cite news|title=Stamp on Bulusu Sambamurthy released|date=6 March 2008|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310213128/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|url-status=dead|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=10 March 2008}}</ref> His father, Bulusu Subbavadhanulu, was a Vedic scholar. Sambamurti completed his early education in his village and earned a degree in Physics from [[Maharajah's College]], [[Vizianagaram]]. Initially working as a lecturer, he later pursued a law degree and became a lawyer in 1911, practicing in [[Cocanada]] (now Kakinada).<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu">{{cite news|title=A bit of hidden history|author=S. Muthiah|authorlink=S. Muthiah|date=18 September 2006|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104030926/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012}}</ref>


His involvement in the [[Non-cooperation movement]] began in 1920 after he was inspired by a speech by [[Konda Venkatapayya Pantulu]]. Giving up his legal career, he committed himself to the freedom struggle, stating that "poverty is better than slavery" (దాస్యం కంటే దారిద్యం మేలు).<ref name="Bulusu Sambamurthy">{{cite journal|last1=Zamin Ryot Archives|title=Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy Astamayam|journal=Zamin Ryot Weekly|date=7 February 1958|page=4|url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1958/Feb/7-feb-1958.pdf|accessdate=26 April 2020}}</ref>
==In the Indian independence movement==
⚫
Sambamurti adopted Gandhian principles and ways of life. In 1923, he became a member of the organizing committee of the [[Cocanada]] session of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He became one of the first leaders to demand ''[[Purna Swaraj]]'' (complete independence).


==Political career==
⚫
In April 1930, he participated in a [[Salt Satyagraha]] at [[Chollangi]] near [[Kakinada]] and was arrested on 18 April 1930 and sent to [[Vellore#Vellore Central Jail|Vellore jail]]. He stood in the [[1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election|1937 Madras assembly elections]] and was successful. The [[Indian National Congress]] won the elections and Sambamurti was made President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]].<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" /> He served from 1937 till 1942 when he resigned due to the outbreak of the [[Quit India Movement]].<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" /><ref name="narasimhanp85">{{cite book|title=Rajagopalachari, a biography|author=C. R. Narasimhan|authorlink=C. R. Narasimhan|publisher=Radiant Publishers|year=1993|pages=85|isbn=8170271568|id=}}</ref>
⚫
Sambamurti adopted Gandhian principles and ways of life. In 1923, he became a member of the organizing committee of the Kakinada session of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He became one of the first leaders to demand ''[[Purna Swaraj]]'' (complete independence).
⚫
==In the Andhra movement==
Bulusu Sambamurti was committed to the Andhrodyamam (Andhra movement), fervently advocating for the creation of a separate Telugu Province that would encompass Telugu-speaking areas in the Madras Presidency. In 1952, Potti Sriramulu undertook a fast unto death in Madras to protest for the formation of the Andhra province. At that time Sambamurti was the only one to offer his residence for Sriramulu’s use, even though others later benefited from Sriramulu's act. Ultimately Sriramulu’s fast for the state of Andhra resulted in his death.<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" /> In accord with [[Gandhian]] principles, Sambamurti wore a loin cloth, discarding his shirt.


⚫
In 1930, Sambamurti participated in the [[Salt Satyagraha]] at [[Chollangi]], near Kakinada, and was arrested on 18 April 1930. He was imprisoned in [[Vellore Central Jail]]. In the [[1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election]], Sambamurti successfully ran for office as a member of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He was subsequently appointed as President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]], a position he held from 1937 to 1942. He resigned from the role in support of the [[Quit India Movement]].<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" /><ref name="narasimhanp85">{{cite book|title=Rajagopalachari, a biography|author=C. R. Narasimhan|authorlink=C. R. Narasimhan|publisher=Radiant Publishers|year=1993|pages=85|isbn=8170271568|id=}}</ref>
Having lost his wife and position in public life, he spent his last days in penury at his hometown of [[Kakinada]]. Those who adored him earlier, avoided and even ignored him. Hearing about his plight, [[Govind Ballabh Pant]], the then [[Union minister]] rendered financial assistance. He died in penury as a neglected patriot. A popular anecdote is that when his daughter applied for financial assistance, powers-that-be in the Secretariat wanted to know who Sambamurti was.

⚫
==Andhra movement==
Sambamurti was an ardent supporter of the [[Andhra movement]], which called for the creation of a separate Telugu province. In 1952, during [[Potti Sreeramulu]]'s fast unto death for the formation of Andhra, Sambamurti offered his residence to Sreeramulu, showing his commitment to the cause. Despite his support, he did not receive the same recognition as others who later benefited from Sreeramulu's efforts.<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" />

In accordance with [[Gandhian]] principles, Sambamurti adopted a simple lifestyle, wearing a loin cloth and forgoing a shirt. After losing his wife and retiring from public life, he spent his final years in poverty in Kakinada. Though initially a well-regarded figure, he was neglected in his later years. Eventually, financial assistance was provided by [[Govind Ballabh Pant]], the then Union Minister, after learning about his hardships.<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" />


==Death==
==Death==
Sambamurti died at 6.10 AM on February 2 1958 at his own house. His body has been offered last respects by then minister Sri Anagani Bhagavantarao, A. Krishnaswami, district collector, Victor, district SP, Dantu Bhaskararao, Chairman of Kakinada municipality, Pyda Venkatanarayana, Mullapudi Pallamraju, and R. Tirupathirao, among others. Some others who paid condolences are [[Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy]] and [[Rajaji]].<ref>p.1, Andhra Patrika, Date 03/03/1958</ref>
Bulusu Sambamurti passed away on 2 February 1958 in Kakinada. His funeral was attended by prominent figures, including minister Anagani Bhagavanta Rao, A. Krishnaswami, and district collector Victor. Some others who paid condolences are [[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy|Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy]] and [[C. Rajagopalachari|Rajaji]].<ref>p.1, Andhra Patrika, Date 03/03/1958</ref>

== Legacy ==
A street in Kakinada was named after him as Sambamurti Nagar.


==See also==
==See also==
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{{succession box | before= Chair Created|title=Speaker of [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly#Madras Presidency|Madras Legislative Assembly]]| after=|years=15 July 1937 – 25 July 1942}}
{{succession box | before= Chair Created|title=Speaker of [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly#Madras Presidency|Madras Legislative Assembly]]| after=|years=15 July 1937 – 25 July 1942}}

{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


Revision as of 13:12, 13 October 2024

Bulusu Sambamurti
Sambamurti on a 2008 stamp of India
President of the Madras Legislative Council
In office
18 July 1937 – 1942
Preceded byB. Ramachandra Reddi
Succeeded byU Rama Rao
Personal details
Born(1886-03-04)4 March 1886
Dulla, East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Died2 February 1958(1958-02-02) (aged 71)
Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Political partyIndian National Congress
ProfessionPolitician, Lawyer

Bulusu Sambamurti (4 March 1886 – 2 February 1958) was an Indian lawyer, politician, and freedom fighter who played a key role in the Indian independence movement. He served as the President of the Madras Legislative Council from 1937 to 1942. Sambamurti was also an advocate for the Andhra movement, which sought the creation of a separate Telugu-speaking state. He is often referred to by the honorific title of Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurti.[1]

Early life

Sambamurti was born on 4 March 1886 in a Telugu Vaidiki Velanadu Brahmin family in Dulla, East Godavari district, Madras Presidency.[2] His father, Bulusu Subbavadhanulu, was a Vedic scholar. Sambamurti completed his early education in his village and earned a degree in Physics from Maharajah's College, Vizianagaram. Initially working as a lecturer, he later pursued a law degree and became a lawyer in 1911, practicing in Cocanada (now Kakinada).[3]

His involvement in the Non-cooperation movement began in 1920 after he was inspired by a speech by Konda Venkatapayya Pantulu. Giving up his legal career, he committed himself to the freedom struggle, stating that "poverty is better than slavery" (దాస్యం కంటే దారిద్యం మేలు).[4]

Political career

Sambamurti adopted Gandhian principles and ways of life. In 1923, he became a member of the organizing committee of the Kakinada session of the Indian National Congress. He became one of the first leaders to demand Purna Swaraj (complete independence).

In 1930, Sambamurti participated in the Salt Satyagraha at Chollangi, near Kakinada, and was arrested on 18 April 1930. He was imprisoned in Vellore Central Jail. In the 1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election, Sambamurti successfully ran for office as a member of the Indian National Congress. He was subsequently appointed as President of the Madras Legislative Council, a position he held from 1937 to 1942. He resigned from the role in support of the Quit India Movement.[3][5]

Andhra movement

Sambamurti was an ardent supporter of the Andhra movement, which called for the creation of a separate Telugu province. In 1952, during Potti Sreeramulu's fast unto death for the formation of Andhra, Sambamurti offered his residence to Sreeramulu, showing his commitment to the cause. Despite his support, he did not receive the same recognition as others who later benefited from Sreeramulu's efforts.[3]

In accordance with Gandhian principles, Sambamurti adopted a simple lifestyle, wearing a loin cloth and forgoing a shirt. After losing his wife and retiring from public life, he spent his final years in poverty in Kakinada. Though initially a well-regarded figure, he was neglected in his later years. Eventually, financial assistance was provided by Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Union Minister, after learning about his hardships.[3]

Death

Bulusu Sambamurti passed away on 2 February 1958 in Kakinada. His funeral was attended by prominent figures, including minister Anagani Bhagavanta Rao, A. Krishnaswami, and district collector Victor. Some others who paid condolences are Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy and Rajaji.[6]

Legacy

A street in Kakinada was named after him as Sambamurti Nagar.

See also

References

  1. ^ Mahotsav, Amrit. "Maharshi Sri Bulusu Sambamurthy". Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India. Retrieved 17 April 2024.
  2. ^ "Stamp on Bulusu Sambamurthy released". The Hindu. 6 March 2008. Archived from the original on 10 March 2008.
  3. ^ a b c d S. Muthiah (18 September 2006). "A bit of hidden history". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 November 2012.
  4. ^ Zamin Ryot Archives (7 February 1958). "Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy Astamayam" (PDF). Zamin Ryot Weekly: 4. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  5. ^ C. R. Narasimhan (1993). Rajagopalachari, a biography. Radiant Publishers. p. 85. ISBN 8170271568.
  6. ^ p.1, Andhra Patrika, Date 03/03/1958
Government offices
Preceded by
Chair Created
 Speaker of Madras Legislative Assembly
15 July 1937 – 25 July 1942 		Succeeded by
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