Tempel Synagogue (Kraków): Difference between revisions
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The Moorish Revival and ''Rundbogenstil'' styled-building was designed by [[:pl:Ignacy Hercok|Ignacy Hercok]], and built in 1860–1862 along Miodowa Street. The temple, with its tall central section flanked by lower wings, is designed on the pattern of the [[Leopoldstädter Tempel]], in Vienna, Austria. At the time the synagogue was built, Kraków was part of the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]]. The richly finished interior is adorned with dense patterns painted in many colors and copious amounts of gold leaf, but the patterns, with the exception of the exquisite Moorish design on the ceiling, are not stylistically Moorish. The arch over the [[Aron Kodesh]] with its pattern of alternating tall and short houses is more in the style of Polish folk art than anything Islamic. The Aron Kodesh is covered by a gold-leaf dome that evokes the dome over the [[Sigismund Chapel]] in the nearby [[Wawel Cathedral]]. |
The Moorish Revival and ''Rundbogenstil'' styled-building was designed by [[:pl:Ignacy Hercok|Ignacy Hercok]], and built in 1860–1862 along Miodowa Street. The temple, with its tall central section flanked by lower wings, is designed on the pattern of the [[Leopoldstädter Tempel]], in Vienna, Austria. At the time the synagogue was built, Kraków was part of the [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]]. The richly finished interior is adorned with dense patterns painted in many colors and copious amounts of gold leaf, but the patterns, with the exception of the exquisite Moorish design on the ceiling, are not stylistically Moorish. The arch over the [[Aron Kodesh]] with its pattern of alternating tall and short houses is more in the style of Polish folk art than anything Islamic. The Aron Kodesh is covered by a gold-leaf dome that evokes the dome over the [[Sigismund Chapel]] in the nearby [[Wawel Cathedral]]. |
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The synagogue was desecrated during [[World War II]] by the [[German Nazi]]s, who used the building as ammunition storage area.<ref>{{cite web|website=[[United States Holocaust Memorial Museum]]|url=https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn3441|title=Damaged stained glass window likely from the desecrated Tempel Synagogue}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=[[World Monuments Fund]]|url=https://www.wmf.org/publication/restoration-tempel-synagogue|title=Restoration of Tempel Synagogue}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=World Jewish Travel|url=https://www.worldjewishtravel.org/listing/tempel-synagogue|title=Tempel Synagogue}}</ref> After the war, it was used again for prayers. In 1947, a ''[[mikvah]]'' was built in the northern part of the synagogue. Regular prayers were held until 1985. A large inflow of financial contributions from private donors around the world allowed the synagogue to undergo a vast renovation from 1995 until 2000. It is still active today, although formal prayers are held only a few times a year. |
The synagogue was desecrated during [[World War II]] by the [[German Nazi]]s, who used the building as ammunition storage area.<ref>{{cite web|website=[[United States Holocaust Memorial Museum]]|url=https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn3441|title=Damaged stained glass window likely from the desecrated Tempel Synagogue}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=[[World Monuments Fund]]|url=https://www.wmf.org/publication/restoration-tempel-synagogue|title=Restoration of Tempel Synagogue}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|website=World Jewish Travel|url=https://www.worldjewishtravel.org/listing/tempel-synagogue|title=Tempel Synagogue}}</ref> After the war, it was used again for prayers. In 1947, a ''[[mikvah]]'' was built in the northern part of the synagogue. Regular prayers were held until 1985. A large inflow of financial contributions from private donors around the world allowed the synagogue to undergo a vast renovation from 1995 until 2000. It is still active today, although formal prayers are held only a few times a year.<ref>{{cite web|website=civitatis Krakow|url=https://www.introducingkrakow.com/tempel-synagogue|title=Tempel Synagogue in Krakow}}</ref> |
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== Gallery == |
== Gallery == |
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Revision as of 01:05, 23 September 2024
| Tempel Synagogue | |
|---|---|
_Synagogue,_1860_desig._Ignacy_Hercok,_24_Miodowa_street,_Kazimierz,_Krak%C3%B3w,_Poland.jpg) The synagogue in 2024 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Reform Judaism |
| Rite | Nusach Ashkenaz |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 24 Miodowa Street, Kazimierz, Kraków, Lesser Poland Voivodeship |
| Country | Poland |
  Location of the synagogue in Lesser Poland Voivodeship | |
| Geographic coordinates | 50°3′10.5″N 19°56′40″E / 50.052917°N 19.94444°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Ignacy Hercok |
| Type | Synagogue architecture |
| Style | |
| Groundbreaking | 1860 |
| Completed | 1862 |
| Specifications | |
| Dome(s) | One |
| Materials | Brick |
| [1] | |
The Tempel Synagogue (Template:Lang-pl) is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 24 Miodowa Street, in the historic Kazimierz district of Kraków, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship of Poland. Designed by Ignacy Hercok in the Moorish Revival and Rundbogenstil styles and completed in 1862, the synagogue is a major place of worship, and also a booming center of Jewish culture, which hosts numerous concerts and meetings, especially during the Kraków Jewish Culture Festival.
History
The Moorish Revival and Rundbogenstil styled-building was designed by Ignacy Hercok, and built in 1860–1862 along Miodowa Street. The temple, with its tall central section flanked by lower wings, is designed on the pattern of the Leopoldstädter Tempel, in Vienna, Austria. At the time the synagogue was built, Kraków was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The richly finished interior is adorned with dense patterns painted in many colors and copious amounts of gold leaf, but the patterns, with the exception of the exquisite Moorish design on the ceiling, are not stylistically Moorish. The arch over the Aron Kodesh with its pattern of alternating tall and short houses is more in the style of Polish folk art than anything Islamic. The Aron Kodesh is covered by a gold-leaf dome that evokes the dome over the Sigismund Chapel in the nearby Wawel Cathedral.
The synagogue was desecrated during World War II by the German Nazis, who used the building as ammunition storage area.[2][3][4] After the war, it was used again for prayers. In 1947, a mikvah was built in the northern part of the synagogue. Regular prayers were held until 1985. A large inflow of financial contributions from private donors around the world allowed the synagogue to undergo a vast renovation from 1995 until 2000. It is still active today, although formal prayers are held only a few times a year.[5]
Gallery
-
Interior of the synagogue -
Façade of the Tempel Synagogue of Kraków in June 2024 -
The iconic golden ceiling -
Altar in the synagogue -
Exterior -
Aron Hakodesh -
Melaveh Malkah in Tempel Synagogue -
Acknowledgement plaque in the synagogue listing the names of the contributors, both individuals and organisations -
WWII memorial plaque in the synagogue -
Posters on the gates of the synagogue
See also
- Chronology of Jewish Polish history
- Culture of Kraków
- History of the Jews in Poland
- List of active synagogues in Poland
- Synagogues of Kraków
References
- ^ "Tempel Synagogue in Kraków". Historic Synagogues of Europe. Foundation for Jewish Heritage and the Center for Jewish Art at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. n.d. Retrieved July 31, 2024.
- ^ "Damaged stained glass window likely from the desecrated Tempel Synagogue". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
- ^ "Restoration of Tempel Synagogue". World Monuments Fund.
- ^ "Tempel Synagogue". World Jewish Travel.
- ^ "Tempel Synagogue in Krakow". civitatis Krakow.
External links
- www.JewishKrakow.net - a guide to the Tempel Synagogue as well as Kazimierz in general, Kraków's Jewish quarter
- The Jewish Community of Krakow
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 .svg){kind=small} | This article about a synagogue or other Jewish place of worship in Poland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- 1862 establishments in the Austrian Empire
- 19th-century synagogues in Poland
- Holocaust locations in Poland
- Jewish organizations established in 1862
- Moorish Revival architecture in Poland
- Moorish Revival synagogues
- Reform synagogues in Poland
- Rundbogenstil synagogues
- Synagogue buildings with domes
- Synagogues completed in 1862
- Synagogues in Kraków
- European synagogue stubs
- Polish religious building and structure stubs