Jump to content

KMAX-TV: Difference between revisions

Add links
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
remove material that, due to lack of published sources/media coverage, cannot be included at quality citation level.
Line 77: Line 77:


==KMAX-TV: Paramount ownership and switch to UPN==
==KMAX-TV: Paramount ownership and switch to UPN==
[[File:UPN31KMAXOldLogo.JPG|right|thumb|Logo used from 1998 to 2002 after switching to UPN]]
On July 16, 1997, the [[Paramount Stations Group]] announced a deal to purchase KPWB-TV from Pappas. Paramount was the half-owner of The WB's primary competitor, [[UPN]], and the purchase was immediately seen as portending an affiliation switch for the station.<ref name="Sacr970717">{{Cite news|url=https://newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-viacom-division-buys/155389869/|date=July 17, 1997|page=C1|first=Gilbert|last=Chan|title=Viacom division buys WB affiliate Channel 31|newspaper=The Sacramento Bee|location=Sacramento, California|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=September 22, 2024}}</ref><!-- Thu --><ref>{{cite news|first=Steve|last=McClellan|title=WB woos and wins Sinclair|id={{ProQuest|1016966796}}|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1997/BC-1997-07-21.pdf|periodical=Broadcasting & Cable|date=July 21, 1997|access-date=June 8, 2013|pages=4, 8|archive-date=January 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111095533/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1997/BC-1997-07-21.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Paramount's corporate parent, [[Viacom (1952–2005)|Viacom]], paid for KPWB-TV at a purchase price exceeding $100 million<ref>{{Cite news|page=30|date=August 4, 1997|title=Changing Hands|work=Broadcasting & Cable|id={{pq|1014772982}}}}</ref> with proceeds from the sale of [[WVIT]], the [[NBC]] affiliate it owned in Connecticut, to that network. ''Broadcasting & Cable'' reported that Paramount pursued the station because it had become aware that UPN's existing Sacramento-market affiliate, KQCA, planned not to renew.<ref>{{cite news|first=Steve|last=McClellan|page=12|title=NBC, Paramount swap stations: In trade, WVIT(TV) goes for cash plus rights to two other players|date=August 4, 1997|work=Broadcasting & Cable|id={{pq|1014765187}} }}</ref>
On July 16, 1997, the [[Paramount Stations Group]] announced a deal to purchase KPWB-TV from Pappas. Paramount was the half-owner of The WB's primary competitor, [[UPN]], and the purchase was immediately seen as portending an affiliation switch for the station.<ref name="Sacr970717">{{Cite news|url=https://newspapers.com/article/the-sacramento-bee-viacom-division-buys/155389869/|date=July 17, 1997|page=C1|first=Gilbert|last=Chan|title=Viacom division buys WB affiliate Channel 31|newspaper=The Sacramento Bee|location=Sacramento, California|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=September 22, 2024}}</ref><!-- Thu --><ref>{{cite news|first=Steve|last=McClellan|title=WB woos and wins Sinclair|id={{ProQuest|1016966796}}|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1997/BC-1997-07-21.pdf|periodical=Broadcasting & Cable|date=July 21, 1997|access-date=June 8, 2013|pages=4, 8|archive-date=January 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111095533/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1997/BC-1997-07-21.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Paramount's corporate parent, [[Viacom (1952–2005)|Viacom]], paid for KPWB-TV at a purchase price exceeding $100 million<ref>{{Cite news|page=30|date=August 4, 1997|title=Changing Hands|work=Broadcasting & Cable|id={{pq|1014772982}}}}</ref> with proceeds from the sale of [[WVIT]], the [[NBC]] affiliate it owned in Connecticut, to that network. ''Broadcasting & Cable'' reported that Paramount pursued the station because it had become aware that UPN's existing Sacramento-market affiliate, KQCA, planned not to renew.<ref>{{cite news|first=Steve|last=McClellan|page=12|title=NBC, Paramount swap stations: In trade, WVIT(TV) goes for cash plus rights to two other players|date=August 4, 1997|work=Broadcasting & Cable|id={{pq|1014765187}} }}</ref>


Line 91: Line 92:


On October 3, 2022, [[Nexstar Media Group]] acquired majority ownership of The CW.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Dade |date=October 3, 2022 |title=New Day Dawns For Broadcast TV As Nexstar Closes Deal For Control Of The CW |url=https://deadline.com/2022/10/nexstar-closes-deal-for-control-of-the-cw-mark-pedowitz-exits-top-job-1235133428/ |access-date=January 17, 2023 |website=Deadline |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014023432/https://deadline.com/2022/10/nexstar-closes-deal-for-control-of-the-cw-mark-pedowitz-exits-top-job-1235133428/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Under the agreement, CBS was given the right to pull its affiliations from KMAX and its seven other CW stations. On May 5, 2023, CBS announced that it would exercise that right, with KMAX-TV ceasing to air the network's programming at the end of August and reverting to an independent station;<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://deadline.com/2023/05/cbs-stations-eight-drop-cw-go-independent-this-fall-1235357388/|work=[[Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=May 5, 2023|access-date=May 5, 2023|title=Eight CBS Stations To Ditch CW And Go Independent This Fall}}</ref> the CW affiliation moved to KQCA.<ref name="b&c-kqcacw">{{cite news |last1=Lafayette |first1=Jon |title=Hearst's KQCA To Become The CW Affiliate in Sacramento |url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/hearsts-kqca-tv-to-become-the-cw-affiliate-in-sacramento |access-date=August 1, 2023 |work=[[Broadcasting & Cable]] |date=August 1, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
On October 3, 2022, [[Nexstar Media Group]] acquired majority ownership of The CW.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayes |first=Dade |date=October 3, 2022 |title=New Day Dawns For Broadcast TV As Nexstar Closes Deal For Control Of The CW |url=https://deadline.com/2022/10/nexstar-closes-deal-for-control-of-the-cw-mark-pedowitz-exits-top-job-1235133428/ |access-date=January 17, 2023 |website=Deadline |language=en-US |archive-date=October 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014023432/https://deadline.com/2022/10/nexstar-closes-deal-for-control-of-the-cw-mark-pedowitz-exits-top-job-1235133428/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Under the agreement, CBS was given the right to pull its affiliations from KMAX and its seven other CW stations. On May 5, 2023, CBS announced that it would exercise that right, with KMAX-TV ceasing to air the network's programming at the end of August and reverting to an independent station;<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://deadline.com/2023/05/cbs-stations-eight-drop-cw-go-independent-this-fall-1235357388/|work=[[Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]]|date=May 5, 2023|access-date=May 5, 2023|title=Eight CBS Stations To Ditch CW And Go Independent This Fall}}</ref> the CW affiliation moved to KQCA.<ref name="b&c-kqcacw">{{cite news |last1=Lafayette |first1=Jon |title=Hearst's KQCA To Become The CW Affiliate in Sacramento |url=https://www.nexttv.com/news/hearsts-kqca-tv-to-become-the-cw-affiliate-in-sacramento |access-date=August 1, 2023 |work=[[Broadcasting & Cable]] |date=August 1, 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

{{Gallery
| title =
| height = 170
| width = 160
| align = center
| footer =
|File:UPN31KMAXOldLogo.JPG
|KMAX's first "UPN 31" logo, used from 1998 to 2002
|File:CW31Logo.svg
|KMAX logo used from July 2006 to August 2023
}}


==Local programming==
==Local programming==
Line 121: Line 110:
===Sports===
===Sports===
Since 2019, KMAX has broadcast all [[Sacramento State Hornets football]] home games;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Honbo |first=Mark |date=November 20, 2019 |title=UC Davis-Sac State square off for 66th Causeway Classic |url=https://ucdavisaggies.com/news/2019/11/20/football-uc-davis-sac-state-square-off-for-66th-causeway-classic.aspx |access-date=September 12, 2024 |language=en-US |website=UC Davis Aggies}}</ref> in 2024, the station aired a Hornets road game at [[Fresno State Bulldogs football|Fresno State]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 4, 2024 |title=KMAX 31 to Air Six Football Games This Fall |website=Sacramento State Hornets |url=https://hornetsports.com/news/2024/9/4/football-kmax-31-to-air-six-football-games-this-fall.aspx |access-date=September 12, 2024 |language=en-US}}</ref>
Since 2019, KMAX has broadcast all [[Sacramento State Hornets football]] home games;<ref>{{Cite web |last=Honbo |first=Mark |date=November 20, 2019 |title=UC Davis-Sac State square off for 66th Causeway Classic |url=https://ucdavisaggies.com/news/2019/11/20/football-uc-davis-sac-state-square-off-for-66th-causeway-classic.aspx |access-date=September 12, 2024 |language=en-US |website=UC Davis Aggies}}</ref> in 2024, the station aired a Hornets road game at [[Fresno State Bulldogs football|Fresno State]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 4, 2024 |title=KMAX 31 to Air Six Football Games This Fall |website=Sacramento State Hornets |url=https://hornetsports.com/news/2024/9/4/football-kmax-31-to-air-six-football-games-this-fall.aspx |access-date=September 12, 2024 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==News operation==
{{see|KOVR#News operation}}

On January 11, 2008, KOVR/KMAX management announced on a viewer blog<ref>[http://radiomatthew.com/blog/exclusive-cw31-to-launch-evening-newscast/ viewer blog] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080121073425/http://radiomatthew.com/blog/exclusive-cw31-to-launch-evening-newscast/ |date=January 21, 2008 }}</ref> that KOVR would begin producing a prime time newscast on KMAX-TV. However, owing to cutbacks ordered by CBS corporate management, plans for this broadcast were shelved in late summer 2008. On June 1, 2009, KMAX-TV began broadcasting ''Good Day Sacramento'' in [[high-definition television|high definition]]; footage shot in-studio is broadcast in high definition, while all news video from on-remote locations was initially broadcast in [[standard definition]].

On June 4, 2012, KMAX-TV debuted a half-hour weeknight newscast produced by KOVR at 11&nbsp;pm, becoming the station's first traditional evening newscast in over a decade since the 1998 cancellation of its earlier prime time newscast; unlike most CW affiliates, the program broadcasts in the traditional late evening news timeslot of 11&nbsp;pm, due to KOVR's hour-long newscast at 10&nbsp;pm. On March 14, 2016, KMAX-TV added a half-hour weeknight KOVR-produced newscast at 6:30&nbsp;p.m. to compete with KCRA's long-established 6:30&nbsp;p.m. newscast. These newscasts, along with ''Good Day'', are translated into Spanish via the station's [[Second audio program|SAP]] audio feed. On July 30, 2018, the 11 p.m. newscast was relocated to KOVR, leaving its 6:30&nbsp;p.m. newscast as the only evening newscast. On September 27, 2021, the 6:30&nbsp;p.m. newscast was relocated to KOVR an hour earlier at 5:30&nbsp;p.m. (as part of an hour-long 5 p.m. newscast), competing with KTXL and ending that station's status as the only local newscast in the 5:30&nbsp;p.m. timeslot. The change marked the end of evening newscasts altogether on KMAX for the second time in the station's history and ''Good Day'' would become the station's only news program once again for almost two years.

In 2022, along with KOVR, ''Good Day'' from 4:30 to 7&nbsp;a.m. weekday mornings was rebranded as ''CBS 13 Mornings'' (in reference to the national ''[[CBS Mornings]]'' program), with ''Good Day'' continuing to maintain its morning news program from 7 to 11&nbsp;a.m. seven days a week.


===Notable former on-air staff===
===Notable former on-air staff===

Revision as of 23:12, 22 September 2024

For other uses, see KMAX (disambiguation).

KMAX-TV
CitySacramento, California
Channels
BrandingKMAX 31
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
KOVR
History
First air date
October 5, 1974
(50 years ago) (1974-10-05)
Former call signs
  • KRAK-TV (CP, 1968–1969)[1]
  • KRAQ (CP, 1969–1971)[1]
  • KMUV-TV (1971–1981)
  • KRBK-TV (1981–1995)
  • KPWB-TV (1995–1998)
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog: 31 (UHF, 1974–2009)
  • Digital: 21 (UHF, 2003–2020)
  • Independent (1974–1995)
  • The WB (1995–1998)
  • UPN (1998–2006)
  • The CW (2006–2023)
Call sign meaning
"Maximum Entertainment"
Technical information[2]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID51499
ERP1,000 kW
HAAT591.1 m (1,939 ft)
Transmitter coordinates38°14′24″N 121°30′7″W / 38.24000°N 121.50194°W / 38.24000; -121.50194
Links
Public license information
Websitewww.cbsnews.com/gooddaysacramento/

KMAX-TV (channel 31) is an independent television station in Sacramento, California, United States. It is owned by the CBS News and Stations group alongside Stockton-licensed KOVR (channel 13), the market's CBS owned-and-operated station. The two stations share studios on KOVR Drive in West Sacramento; KMAX-TV's transmitter is located in Walnut Grove, California.

Channel 31 began broadcasting on October 5, 1974, as KMUV-TV. It was built by the Grayson Television Company and originally featured a lineup heavy on movies. The station was not a financial success and, after filing for bankruptcy reorganization, became a primarily Spanish-language station. During this time, two groups looked at using channel 31 for over-the-air subscription television, but after Tandem Productions and Jerry Perenchio acquired it in 1980, they decided not to enter the competitive market and immediately sold. The new owners, Koplar Communications, relaunched the station in 1981 as KRBK-TV, a general-entertainment independent outlet. During the 1980s, KRBK-TV became more competitive with Sacramento's leading independent, KTXL, and established a local news presence. From 1988 to 2002, it was the broadcast home of Sacramento Kings basketball.

Facing a heavy debt load, Koplar sold KRBK-TV to Pappas Telecasting in 1993. In 1995, the station affiliated with The WB, changed its call sign to KPWB-TV, and launched a morning show that became Good Day Sacramento (now Good Day), a station fixture since. KPWB-TV was acquired by the Paramount Stations Group in 1997 and became an owned-and-operated station for UPN as KMAX-TV in January 1998; Paramount, which at the time was dismantling newscasts and news departments at many of its stations, discontinued channel 31's evening newscasts but retained and expanded Good Day Sacramento. KMAX-TV and KOVR became a duopoly in 2005, with channel 31 moving into KOVR's West Sacramento studios; the next year, the station became a charter outlet of The CW, an affiliation it retained until 2023. In addition to Good Day, KMAX-TV airs a prime time newscast at 8 p.m. as well as local sports.

KMUV-TV: Early years

Construction

In 1966, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) received two applications to build a new television station in Sacramento on ultra high frequency (UHF) channel 15. The Grayson Television Company, headed by Sidney Grayson of Sacramento, and the Hercules Broadcasting Company, owners of Sacramento radio station KRAK, each sought the channel.[3] Grayson attempted to reach an agreement with Hercules to end the proceeding by having the latter withdraw its application; Grayson alleged that Hercules had agreed to withdraw only to later renege, resulting in a lawsuit.[4] While Hercules won the construction permit in July 1968,[5] Grayson bought the permit in 1970 from Hercules with hopes of opening it in 1972.[6][7] During the construction process, the FCC switched the construction permit for KMUV-TV from channel 15 to channel 31 out of concerns that the new station would interfere with public safety radio systems using nearby spectrum in San Francisco.[8]

In March 1973, Grayson received final engineering approval.[9] It leased land for studios in Sacramento and a tower in Walnut Grove.[10] After several construction delays,[11] KMUV-TV began broadcasting on October 5, 1974.[12] When the station went on, it was an independent station whose programming consisted nearly entirely of movies, with three films to be telecast each day and repeated. The primary interruption was an early evening program in Spanish.[13]

KMUV-TV's attempts to get on the air were noteworthy for causing a dispute that almost led the FCC to deny the license renewal of its principal competitor, KTXL (channel 40). KTXL attempted to show to the FCC that Grayson was unqualified to be a broadcast licensee, in opposition to the channel change from 15 to 31. KTXL owner Camellia City Telecasters submitted a pleading containing what purported to be a telex message from Dun & Bradstreet claiming he was an officer of the company after having previously been convicted of income tax evasion though he was merely a general manager. In August 1974, the FCC opened a hearing into charges the teletype was forged.[14] In 1975, Grayson Television sued Camellia City for $7.5 million, claiming the filing was an attempt to prevent KMUV-TV from being constructed. The next year, an administrative law judge issued an initial decision finding against KTXL and recommending its license not be renewed.[15] Shortly after, the station won $150,000 in a settlement with Camellia City. The FCC voted in June 1978 to overturn the recommendation and renew the KTXL license.[16]

Non-English broadcasting

KMUV-TV struggled financially. It filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization in April 1976, facing 11 lawsuits for nonpayment and owing banks and one of its officers. By then, shareholders in Channel 31, Inc.—the former Grayson Television—were negotiating with Pappas Associates, led by Mike Pappas and his brothers Harry and Pete. The Pappas family—owners of KMPH-TV in Visalia and radio stations—announced plans to switch channel 31 to a station focusing primarily on Spanish-language programming as well as shows catering to other ethnic groups,[17] which took effect on May 3.[18] Though Pappas Associates ran the station, the company never bought it because of possible signal overlap issues to KMPH-TV; instead, Mike Pappas obtained an option to buy it outright.[19] The station had a limited amount of Spanish-language local programming; it aired the local magazine program El Pueblo, produced by a Catholic organization, as well as a regular program on the California state legislature[20] and a weekly cooking show.[21]

Beginning in 1978, a series of potential ownership deals could have seen channel 31 become an over-the-air subscription television (STV) station for Sacramento. That May, Sacramento Television Inc. agreed to acquire KMUV-TV. Eighty percent of the firm was owned by Carl B. Hilliard Jr., a San Diego attorney. The remainder was held by Universal Subscription Television (US-TV), which was mostly owned by the Canadian CanWest Capital Corporation. Universal was in the process of signing up stations for potential conversion to subscription service across the country.[22] The deal never panned out, though in July 1980, the FCC approved the $7.7 million acquisition of KMUV-TV by Tandem Productions and Jerry Perenchio, who likewise wished to offer a subscription service over channel 31.[23] The two were partners in the ON TV STV service offered by WXON in Detroit, while Perenchio at the time owned WNJU-TV in the New York City market and part of the subscription television service on KBSC-TV in Los Angeles.[24]

KRBK-TV: The Koplar years

Within months of buying KMUV-TV, Tandem and Perenchio decided not to build it as a subscription station in the face of heavy competition from cable television and MDS microwave distribution systems. As a result, they agreed to sell the station to Koplar Broadcasting, owner of KPLR-TV in St. Louis. Koplar declared it would not operate channel 31 with STV.[25]

In KMUV-TV, Koplar found what amounted to a blank slate. The station had negligible viewership. Gail Brekke, who left her post as KPLR-TV's national sales manager to become the general manager in Sacramento, found only four usable chairs and ten working telephones. The station was completely relaunched as KRBK-TV,[a] a general-entertainment independent station, on April 6, 1981.[28] The staff grew from 8 to 45 within a year, while satellite receiving equipment was added.[29][30] Children's programming was among the first content to rate highly on the revamped KRBK-TV, largely because children tended to seek out new stations more than their parents.[31] In 1984, Koplar moved KRBK-TV's transmitter to the 1,800-foot (550 m) level of the new KCRA-TV tower in Walnut Grove, moving some 800 feet (240 m) above its prior site;[32] the next year, it began telecasting in stereo.[33] By 1985, KRBK-TV had gained market share and narrowed the gap to KTXL.[33][34]

Starting a news operation

Two years after relaunching channel 31, Koplar added a local 10 p.m. newscast to the station's schedule, a small effort hosted by Gary Lindsey (previously of KSBW in Salinas). The newscast, despite modest resources, was intended to compete with KTXL's 10 p.m. newscast.[35] Prime News moved from 10 to 10:30 p.m. in March 1985,[36] but Koplar soon opted to retool the news department altogether and took it off the air that July.[37]

The revamped 31 News Tonight debuted on January 27, 1986. Its lead female anchor was Christine Craft, who had made headlines for an age and sex discrimination lawsuit against her prior employer, KMBC-TV in Kansas City.[38] The new newscast failed to attract significant viewership: in May 1986, it managed an audience share of just two percent.[39] Within a year, anchor Tim Klein was dismissed[39] and replaced with Robert Dyk, a network news veteran.[40] When original sports director Rich Gould left KRBK-TV for KPLR-TV in 1987, he was replaced by Grant Napear, who moved from WAND in Decatur, Illinois.[41]

The 10 p.m. newscast moved to 9 p.m. in September 1989, a move designed to reduce competition with KTXL and the threat that KCRA could change its 11 p.m. local news to 10 p.m.[42] The move immediately resulted in ratings increases.[43] Craft departed the next month to study law.[44]

Scott Jones arrived from West Palm Beach, Florida, to become KRBK-TV's news director in 1990.[45] Jones set out to make the newscast faster-paced with a higher story count and an emphasis on crime and education stories.[46] In the November 1990 survey, the newscast increased its audience share from three to five percent.[47] A second nightly newscast, at 9:30 p.m., debuted in September 1991; the separate news program in lieu of an hour-long news allowed the same reporters to return and update stories in the second half-hour.[48] Jones departed in 1992 to take a corporate position with Koplar Communications.[49]

Sacramento Kings on 31

When the NBA's Kansas City Kings relocated to Sacramento and became the Sacramento Kings in 1985, their first television partner was then-ABC affiliate KOVR (channel 13), which broadcast 20 games a season of the new club. The rights came up for bid in 1988, and KRBK offered to telecast 30 games;[50] its bid came in lower than KOVR's. Napear became the new play-by-play announcer for the team after it moved its games to channel 31.[51]

KPWB-TV: Pappas ownership, WB affiliation, and 31 Action News

Through 1993, rumors continued of a possible sale of KRBK-TV amid concern for the financial future of Koplar Communications. The company's stations had suffered from the early 1990s recession, increased competition, and a high load of commitments to unsuccessful programming. Expensive programming purchases accelerated a spiral of borrowing that had begun with the KRBK-TV acquisition in 1981 but was masked by the solid performance of KPLR-TV in St. Louis.[52][53] Broadcasting magazine reported in February that syndicators, who supply television programs, were meeting to review Koplar's indebtedness as well as a rumor that KRBK-TV was up for sale along with a second Sacramento-market independent station, KSCH-TV (channel 58), to be packaged together for possible consolidation.[54]

The Tribune Company negotiated to acquire the two stations, but talks—prolonged by syndicators' objections to proposed concessions and contract forgiveness[55]—fell through after ten months. Instead, Pappas Telecasting purchased KRBK-TV and provided a program-buying alliance for KPLR-TV, which remained with Koplar.[56][57] The $22 million acquisition[58] closed in July 1994, at which time Pappas imposed a new dress code on station employees that prohibited women from wearing slacks.[59]

Just before Koplar sold channel 31, it committed the station to The WB, a new television network slated for a 1995 launch.[60] When The WB debuted on January 11, 1995, KRBK-TV became KPWB-TV for its new owner (Pappas) and network (WB).[61]

In preparation for the switch, 31 News moved in September 1994 from its double-half-hour format at 9 p.m. to 10 p.m., putting it back into competition with KTXL and KSCH, and introduced weekend reports.[62] In spite of its more limited resources—the station had 25 employees in news, a third the size of its rivals—and its third-place ratings at 10, KPWB attempted to remain competitive on reporting with the four other local TV news departments with creative coverage decisions.[63] Competition was fiercer at 10 because there were three other newscasts in the time period, from Fox affiliate KTXL; KQCA (the former KSCH-TV), which offered news produced by KCRA-TV; and KOVR, which switched to CBS in 1995 and simultaneously adopted early prime time scheduling with its late news at 10 p.m.[64]

Pappas invested in the news product, quadrupling the size of the KPWB newsroom and launching a local morning program, The Morning Show, in August 1995.[65] The evening news coverage was rebranded 31 Action News in January 1996 and reformatted from an hour-long report at 10 to half-hour newscasts at 7 and 10 p.m. designed to cater to busy viewers. The existing anchor team of John Malos and Sharon Ito was replaced by John Alston, who came from WSB-TV in Atlanta.[66] 31 Action News expanded to add news at 11:30 a.m. in August 1996[67] and 11 p.m. in June 1997, bringing KPWB-TV's local news output to five hours a day—second only to KCRA-TV.[68]

KMAX-TV: Paramount ownership and switch to UPN

Logo used from 1998 to 2002 after switching to UPN

On July 16, 1997, the Paramount Stations Group announced a deal to purchase KPWB-TV from Pappas. Paramount was the half-owner of The WB's primary competitor, UPN, and the purchase was immediately seen as portending an affiliation switch for the station.[69][70] Paramount's corporate parent, Viacom, paid for KPWB-TV at a purchase price exceeding $100 million[71] with proceeds from the sale of WVIT, the NBC affiliate it owned in Connecticut, to that network. Broadcasting & Cable reported that Paramount pursued the station because it had become aware that UPN's existing Sacramento-market affiliate, KQCA, planned not to renew.[72]

Channel 31 became Sacramento's UPN station on January 5, 1998, with WB programming moving to KQCA. It simultaneously changed its call sign to KMAX-TV, instituted early prime time for UPN programming (7–9 p.m. instead of 8–10 p.m.), and restored the 9 p.m. news hour that had been successful prior to WB affiliation.[73] Though Paramount initially promised further news investment along with an upgraded syndicated programming inventory and larger sales force,[74] the early prime time schedule and new news time slots did not last the year in spite of producing the station's highest news ratings in three years.[75] On August 14, 1998, KMAX-TV aired its final evening newscast after twelve and a half years and moved UPN programming to a traditional 8–10 p.m. schedule. Elliott Troshinsky, the station's general manager, described the move as supporting UPN, which that season moved to five nights of programming.[76] The move dovetailed with a general retreat from news by Paramount stations; Paramount had canceled outsourced local newscasts for its stations in Columbus, Ohio;[77] Providence, Rhode Island;[78] and Norfolk, Virginia,[79] in 1997. The next year, it shut down the entire local news operation at WTOG-TV in St. Petersburg, Florida,[80] and proceeded to do so at KSTW serving Seattle.[81] Also in 1998, it scrapped the outsourced newscast aired by WSBK-TV in Boston.[82] Viacom merged with CBS in 2000 and combined the Paramount Stations Group and the 16 CBS owned-and-operated stations under one unit.[83]

During the 2002 NBA playoffs, in which the Sacramento Kings participated, KMAX offered pre- and postgame editions of Good Day Sacramento. This upset the Kings, which believed the station had to share revenue earned from the advertising in team-adjacent programming with the team. By this time, the owners, Maloof Sports and Entertainment, bought airtime from KMAX, producing the 25 Kings telecasts and selling the advertising themselves; in addition, KMAX aired some games of the co-owned Sacramento Monarchs women's basketball team.[84] The NBA team then filed a successful arbitration claim against KMAX to void the contract; the Kings then awarded the rights to Sacramento's ABC affiliate, KXTV (channel 10), ending channel 31's nearly 15 years of airing Kings basketball.[85][86]

Duopoly with KOVR

In December 2004, the Viacom Television Stations Group agreed to acquire KOVR from Sinclair Broadcast Group for $285 million. The sale fit into both companies' strategies to pursue duopolies in as many markets as possible.[87][88] KMAX-TV moved into KOVR's studios in West Sacramento, and 11 newly redundant employees across the combined staff were laid off.[89]

The WB and UPN effectively merged in 2006 to form The CW; KMAX, along with ten other UPN owned-and-operated stations, was immediately named one of the network's stations.[90][91]

Despite being combined with KOVR, an evening newscast was not immediately restored to channel 31's lineup. By 2019, the station was airing a weeknight 6:30 p.m. newscast.[92]

On October 3, 2022, Nexstar Media Group acquired majority ownership of The CW.[93] Under the agreement, CBS was given the right to pull its affiliations from KMAX and its seven other CW stations. On May 5, 2023, CBS announced that it would exercise that right, with KMAX-TV ceasing to air the network's programming at the end of August and reverting to an independent station;[94] the CW affiliation moved to KQCA.[95]

Local programming

Further information: KOVR § News operation

Good Day

On August 14, 1995, while owned by Pappas, KPWB-TV debuted The Morning Show, a three-hour blend of news, features, and traffic and weather information designed to provide local competition to the national morning newscasts.[65] After eight months on the air, The Morning Show was renamed Good Day Sacramento to emphasize its local content.[96] The formula of weather and traffic, entertainment, and personality drew viewers;[97] by early 1998, it had tripled its market share to become the second-highest-rated morning program on Sacramento television, behind NBC's Today.[98]

Originally three hours in duration from 6 to 9 a.m., Good Day Sacramento moved its start time up to 5:30 a.m. in August 1998, coinciding with the end of evening newscasts.[99] The show added a 9 a.m. hour in 2000,[100] and in 2002, it expanded to 5 a.m., bringing its total duration to five hours.[101]

KMAX-TV's Julissa Ortiz setting up to report for Good Day Sacramento in 2007

In the early 2000s, the station twice attempted an evening spinoff of Good Day Sacramento. The first version, Good Evening Sacramento—hosted by Mark S. Allen, a reporter for the day program who joined shortly after launch,[97] and Gary Gelfand—was low-rated and aired for several months in 2001.[102][103] A second incarnation under the same title, hosted originally by Beth Ruyak and later by Good Day host Marianne McClary with Allen, ran from August 2003 to September 2004.[104] Heretofore broadcast on weekdays only, Good Day Sacramento debuted weekend editions after Good Evening was canceled.[105]

In 2009, the weekday edition of Good Day Sacramento began starting at 4:30 a.m.;[106] they were extended to end at 11 a.m. in 2020, when the program was partitioned into a 4:30–7 a.m. block simulcast by KOVR and KMAX and a 7–11 a.m. block only aired on channel 31.[107] The program was retitled Good Day in 2019 to reflect cities other than Sacramento that it covers.[92]

A segment shot in the Good Day Sacramento studio in 2016

Primetime Sacramento

To fill some of the hours vacated by CW programming when KMAX-TV became an independent station in 2023, the station debuted Primetime Sacramento, an 8 p.m. news hour hosted by Tony Lopez. The time slot was chosen by KOVR–KMAX general manager Deborah Collura as a likely first for the market.[108]

Sports

Since 2019, KMAX has broadcast all Sacramento State Hornets football home games;[109] in 2024, the station aired a Hornets road game at Fresno State.[110]

Notable former on-air staff

Technical information

Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed:

Subchannels of KMAX-TV[114]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
31.1 1080i 16:9 KMAX-DT Independent
31.2 480i NOSEY Nosey
31.3 QVC1 QVC
31.4 QVC2 QVC2
31.5 Movies Movies!
31.6 MeToons MeTV Toons
33.2 TLMD33 Telemundo (KCSO-LD)
  Simulcast of subchannels of another station

Analog-to-digital conversion

KMAX-TV began broadcasting a digital signal on channel 21 on June 19, 2003.[115] The analog signal on channel 31 shut down on June 12, 2009, as part of the transition to digital television.[116] The digital signal was relocated from channel 21 to channel 24 on May 1, 2020, as a result of the 2016 United States wireless spectrum auction.[117]

Notes

  1. ^ The call sign had a history with Koplar before and after channel 31. The station was named for Ted J. Koplar's older brother, Robert Bernard Koplar, who died in 1976.[26] The KRBK designation had originally been proposed for a station Koplar planned to build in Des Moines, Iowa, in 1979.[27]

References

  1. ^ a b "FCC History Cards for KMAX-TV". Federal Communications Commission.
  2. ^ "Facility Technical Data for KMAX-TV". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
  3. ^ "Second Sacramento UHF TV Application Is Made". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. July 20, 1966. p. F6. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "Court Fight Looms Over Capital UHF Channel". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. January 27, 1968. p. B7. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ "FCC Okays New UHF Station For Sacramento". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. July 12, 1968. p. D3. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ "New Television Entrant: Channel 15 Studio And Tower Will Be Ready This Summer". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. January 23, 1972. p. E8. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "Another TV Station: Channel 15 Will Open Next Year". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. May 15, 1971. p. A6. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ "FCC Eliminates Channel 15, Assigns KMUV To Channel 31". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. September 17, 1972. p. B2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "Channel 31 Gets Final FCC Permit". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. March 20, 1973. p. B3. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "KMUV Leases Land For TV Studio, Offices". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. April 29, 1973. p. C2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ Hurst, John V. (September 21, 1974). "Local News On 40 For Sleepyheads". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. A13. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ "Capital's Newest TV Station, Ch. 31, Will Go On Air Officially Tomorrow". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. October 4, 1974. p. 19. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ Hickey, Lillian (September 8, 1974). "At Last: Networks Introduce New Fall TV Shows". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. TV 3, 38. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "FCC Will Probe Forgery Charge In TV Dispute". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. August 13, 1974. p. A1. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ Hooker, Barbara (October 16, 1976). "Shutdown Possible: TV-40 Is Denied License Renewal". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. A1, A6. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ "Sacramento TV survives renewal challenge: FCC overturns ALJ decision that would have denied KTXL on grounds of misrepresentation". Broadcasting. June 26, 1978. pp. 64–65. ProQuest 1016899619.
  17. ^ Reed, Ann (April 15, 1976). "Channel 31 Tells Plan For Non-English Format". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. B3. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ^ "Channel 31 Changes". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. May 4, 1976. p. C4. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ^ "More TV Shows For Non-English Viewers". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. June 13, 1976. p. F10. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ^ "KMUV-31 Adds 2 New Local Shows". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. February 6, 1977. p. F9. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^ Gribkoff, Maloa (September 16, 1979). "Culinary Miracles—Bettie Knows 'Em". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. H11. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ^ "Canadian investors out to establish pay TV network in United States". Broadcasting. May 22, 1978. p. 32. ProQuest 1016906369.
  23. ^ "KMUV-TV Sale For STV Gets FCC Nod". Variety. July 16, 1980. p. 60. ProQuest 1505804434.
  24. ^ "Perenchio, Tandem Pay $8,000,000 For Third STV Station". Variety. February 6, 1980. pp. 45, 106. ProQuest 1286035767.
  25. ^ "Changing Hands". Broadcasting. November 3, 1980. p. 66. ProQuest 1014717249.
  26. ^ Archibald, John J. (April 14, 1989). "Set to Celebrate: Channel 11 comes full circle for 30th birthday". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. pp. F1, F8. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ^ Brooker, Barbara (April 17, 1979). "Firm moves to established independent TV station". The Des Moines Register. Des Moines, Iowa. p. 2B. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ^ Williams, George (April 6, 1981). "Gather 'Round, All You Kiddieroonies". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. B10. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ^ Williams, George (September 11, 1981). "A Double Success At Channel 31". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. AA3. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  30. ^ Michelson, Herb (February 13, 1982). "Channel 31, Patient In An Impatient Business". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. B4. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ^ Hurst, John V. (September 27, 1982). "KRBK: Small But Growing". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. B5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  32. ^ "County OKs 'antenna farm' to limit TV stations' tower power". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. October 9, 1984. p. B5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. ^ a b "New general manager at KRBK". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. February 23, 1985. p. A15. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ^ Wisehart, Bob (July 25, 1985). "For-sale sign sprouts at KTXL". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 4. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  35. ^ Michelson, Herb (October 7, 1983). "KRBK Takes A Modest Step Into The Local News Market". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. C3. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ^ Vierria, Dan (March 8, 1985). "Hogue 'big, slow'". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. AA2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ^ Wisehart, Bob (August 30, 1985). "Christine Craft to meet with KRBK over anchor spot". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Weekend Scene 15. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ^ "Newswoman Christine Craft drops anchor in Sacramento". The Modesto Bee. Modesto, California. UPI. January 28, 1986. p. B-5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. ^ a b Wisehart, Bob (July 9, 1986). "News battle claims Channel 31's Klein". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. AA8. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ^ Wisehart, Bob (August 2, 1986). "A local outlet for Rivers, new co-anchor for Craft". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. A21. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ^ "Channel 31's Gould leaves for St. Louis". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. July 25, 1987. p. 21. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. ^ Vierria, Dan (August 26, 1989). "Channel 31 to move news to 9 p.m." The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 9. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ^ Vierria, Dan (September 22, 1989). "Andy Asher out as Channel 31 switches news anchors". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ^ Vierria, Dan (December 8, 1989). "TV news anchor Christine Craft leaves Channel 31". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. B1, B2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. ^ Vierria, Dan (August 14, 1990). "Sullivan tests market value of his KFBK financial talk show". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. E5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ^ Vierria, Dan (September 8, 1990). "Tuning in radio's best shows: From recipes and gossip to debates and the latest in sports". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 7. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ^ Vierria, Dan (December 15, 1990). "Listeners put ear(s) to adult contemporary". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ^ "KOVR fires Gray; loses anchor Riggs: KCRA time shift has domino effect". The Modesto Bee. Modesto, California. September 5, 1991. p. F-5. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. ^ Vierria, Dan (May 16, 1992). "Channel 31 news chief is moving on: Scott Jones emphasized crime reporting". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 7. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  50. ^ Vierria, Dan (June 1, 1988). "Kings renew with KFBK, agree to KRBK TV deal". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. F2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  51. ^ Vierria, Dan (June 14, 1988). "Channel 31 secures Kings' television rights". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. D1, D2. Retrieved September 21, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. ^ Mink, Eric (March 14, 1993). "Koplar Reworks Debt Amid Ratings Success". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. pp. 1E, 8E. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ^ Manor, Robert (August 29, 1993). ""I Love This Station." Ted Koplar Prepares, Reluctantly, For Possible Sale Of KPLR". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. pp. 1E, 8E. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ^ "Debt indigestion at Koplar". Broadcasting. February 8, 1993. p. 18. ProQuest 1016933264.
  55. ^ "Tribune, Chris-Craft: big may be getting bigger". Broadcasting & Cable. August 30, 1993. p. 12. ProQuest 1016941157.
  56. ^ Flannery, William (November 17, 1993). "Koplar To Keep Channel 11". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis, Missouri. p. 1C. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. ^ Vierria, Dan (November 17, 1993). "Visalia firm buys Channel 31". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. D1. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  58. ^ "Changing Hands" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable. Vol. 124, no. 1. January 3, 1994. p. 48. ProQuest 1014747191. Retrieved October 10, 2021 – via worldradiohistory.com.
  59. ^ Creamer, Anita (July 2, 1994). "A dress code that demeans women". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 1. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  60. ^ Vierria, Dan (November 3, 1993). "Time Warner to start TV network; KRBK signs on". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. A11. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  61. ^ Vierria, Dan (January 8, 1995). "Channel Surf's Up". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. Encore 16, 17. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  62. ^ Vierria, Dan (August 6, 1994). "Local news anchors and times play musical chairs". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  63. ^ Bojorquez, Jennifer (January 17, 1995). "A station of few means, Channel 31 tries to keep up". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. Scene 1, 5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  64. ^ Vierria, Dan (April 1, 1995). "The news is everywhere: Channel 40 jumps right in by expanding to an hour at 10 p.m." The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. G9. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  65. ^ a b Vierria, Dan (August 12, 1995). "Breakfast menu is set for 'Morning Show': Channel 31 invites mayor, accordionist". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. G7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  66. ^ Vierria, Dan (January 9, 1996). "Here's a news concept: Starting Monday, Channel 31 will air a local 7 p.m. newscast". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. D5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  67. ^ "At local stations, what's new is the news". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. August 6, 1996. p. 21. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  68. ^ Vierria, Dan (May 17, 1997). "Local news expands — but where are viewers?". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. Scene 1, 7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  69. ^ Chan, Gilbert (July 17, 1997). "Viacom division buys WB affiliate Channel 31". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. C1. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  70. ^ McClellan, Steve (July 21, 1997). "WB woos and wins Sinclair" (PDF). Broadcasting & Cable. pp. 4, 8. ProQuest 1016966796. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 11, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
  71. ^ "Changing Hands". Broadcasting & Cable. August 4, 1997. p. 30. ProQuest 1014772982.
  72. ^ McClellan, Steve (August 4, 1997). "NBC, Paramount swap stations: In trade, WVIT(TV) goes for cash plus rights to two other players". Broadcasting & Cable. p. 12. ProQuest 1014765187.
  73. ^ Vierria, Dan (January 3, 1998). "Channels 31, 58 to swap on Monday: UPN-WB trade is first locally since '95". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  74. ^ Vierria, Dan (January 6, 1998). "New Channel 31 owner promises improvements". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. C1, C5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  75. ^ Vierria, Dan (March 10, 1998). "Springer's sensationalist schtick is a local TV sensation". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. C1, C5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  76. ^ Vierria, Dan (August 11, 1998). "UPN to start prime time at 8 p.m., scrap its night news". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. C1, C5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  77. ^ Feran, Tim (October 2, 1997). "Channel 53 to air final '10 O'Clock News' show". The Columbus Dispatch. p. 7E.
  78. ^ Martin, John (September 4, 1997). "Swap leaves 10 p.m. newscasters casting about". Providence Journal. p. F2.
  79. ^ Nicholson, David (December 6, 1997). "WAVY promotes Charles Pugh to 5 p.m. show". Daily Press. p. D1. Retrieved October 9, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  80. ^ Deggans, Eric (July 8, 1998). "WTOG drops news division to save money". St. Petersburg Times. St. Petersburg, Florida. p. 3B. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  81. ^ Flash, Cynthia; Suttle, Gestin (December 2, 1998). "No news is bad news at KSTW: 62 people to lose jobs after Paramount decision to cut news operation". The News Tribune. Tacoma, Washington. pp. A1, A12. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  82. ^ Aucoin, Don (September 29, 1998). "Ch. 38 cancels its 10 p.m. news". The Boston Globe. Boston, Massachusetts. p. C8. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  83. ^ Hofmeister, Sallie (May 25, 2000). "Severino to Head Viacom's New TV Unit". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. p. C10. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  84. ^ "Monarchs announce 32-game '02 season". Sacramento Business Journal. February 1, 2002. Seven games will be broadcast nationally -- three on NBC, three on ESPN2 and one on ESPN. Four of them will be played at Arco Arena. Six more games will be televised locally on KMAX-UPN, Channel 31.
  85. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (December 23, 2002). "Kings, UPN-31 butting heads over TV rights". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  86. ^ Chan, Gilbert (April 28, 2003). "Seeking deal fit for Kings: Team wants broadcast deals befitting contender". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. D1, D3. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  87. ^ Walker, Andrea K. (December 3, 2004). "Sinclair to sell Calif. station to Viacom". The Baltimore Sun. Baltimore, Maryland. p. 1D, 8D. Archived from the original on August 28, 2022. Retrieved August 27, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  88. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (December 3, 2004). "CBS parent Viacom agrees to buy capital's KOVR". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. A1, A23. Archived from the original on August 28, 2022. Retrieved August 27, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  89. ^ "Viacom lays off 11 at KOVR, KMAX". Sacramento Business Journal. November 3, 2005. Archived from the original on August 6, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  90. ^ Seid, Jessica (January 24, 2006). "'Gilmore Girls' meet 'Smackdown'; CW Network to combine WB, UPN in CBS-Warner venture beginning in September". CNN Money. CNN. Archived from the original on March 16, 2017. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  91. ^ Carter, Bill (January 24, 2006). "UPN and WB to Combine, Forming New TV Network". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  92. ^ a b Malone, Michael (October 28, 2019). "Sac Race in California Capital". Broadcasting & Cable.
  93. ^ Hayes, Dade (October 3, 2022). "New Day Dawns For Broadcast TV As Nexstar Closes Deal For Control Of The CW". Deadline. Archived from the original on October 14, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2023.
  94. ^ "Eight CBS Stations To Ditch CW And Go Independent This Fall". Deadline. May 5, 2023. Retrieved May 5, 2023.
  95. ^ Lafayette, Jon (August 1, 2023). "Hearst's KQCA To Become The CW Affiliate in Sacramento". Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  96. ^ Vierria, Dan (April 20, 1996). "More radio stations considered for sale". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. G7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  97. ^ a b McManus, Sam (August 14, 2005). "Dawn Patrol: Channel 31's 'Good Day Sacramento' celebrates its 10th anniversary". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Sunday Ticket 26+27, 28. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  98. ^ Vierria, Dan (April 25, 1998). "More home-grown talent at Channel 3: Steve Bunnell joins the anchor team". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. p. Scene 7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  99. ^ "Ryan heading to Denver after a chance meeting results in TV job offer". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. August 29, 1998. p. 129. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  100. ^ Reid, Dixie (September 7, 2000). "Doran spins 80-station 'Dream' web". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. C1, C3. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  101. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (December 19, 2002). "'Good Day' to rise and shine earlier". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E9. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  102. ^ Reid, Dixie (May 31, 2001). "Channel 31 hopes to make it a 'Good Evening,' too". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  103. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (May 8, 2003). "UPN-31 to add evening show". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  104. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (July 15, 2004). "'Evening' put out of its misery". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E5. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  105. ^ du Lac, J. Freedom (September 30, 2004). "New host bumps Dr. Laura". The Sacramento Bee. Sacramento, California. pp. E1, E7. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.
  106. ^ Malone, Michael (July 10, 2009). "Market Eye: Colossal Challenges". Broadcasting & Cable.
  107. ^ Anderson, Chelsea (September 11, 2020). "The CW31 Adds 10 a.m. Hour to Morning Show". Broadcasting & Cable.
  108. ^ Malone, Michael (August 12, 2024). "Local News Close-Up: California's Capital Is a Vast and Varied Market". Broadcasting & Cable.
  109. ^ Honbo, Mark (November 20, 2019). "UC Davis-Sac State square off for 66th Causeway Classic". UC Davis Aggies. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  110. ^ "KMAX 31 to Air Six Football Games This Fall". Sacramento State Hornets. September 4, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.
  111. ^ Bentley, Rick (November 10, 2005). "Former Tulare radio host is found dead". The Fresno Bee. p. E3. Archived from the original on October 31, 2023. Retrieved October 31, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  112. ^ "WPIX Adds Chris Burrous As Morning Anchor". TVNewsCheck. May 18, 2010.
  113. ^ Ariens, Chris (June 30, 2017). "Kinsey Schofield Leaves KNXV For KMAX". TVSpy. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  114. ^ "TV Query for KMAX". RabbitEars.
  115. ^ "KMAX-DT". Television and Cable Factbook. Vol. 74. Warren Communications News. 2006. p. A-289.
  116. ^ "DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds" (PDF). Federal Communications Commission. May 23, 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2021.
  117. ^ "FCC TV Spectrum Phase Assignment Table" (CSV). Federal Communications Commission. April 13, 2017. Archived from the original on April 17, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=KMAX-TV&oldid=1247124687"