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'''''Tianchisaurus''''' (meaning "heavenly pool lizard"), also [[Valid name (zoology)|invalidly]] called '''''Tianchiasaurus''''' and '''"Jurassosaurus"''', is a [[genus]] of [[ankylosaur]]ian [[dinosaur]] from the [[Late Jurassic]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Huang |first=Diying |date=2019 |title=Jurassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China |journal=Science China Earth Sciences |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=223–255 |doi=10.1007/s11430-017-9268-7 |issn=1674-7313}}</ref> ([[Oxfordian (stage)|Oxfordian]]&ndash;[[Kimmeridgian]])-aged [[Toutunhe Formation]] of China. If it actually belongs to the family [[Ankylosauridae]] as proposed by [[Dong Zhiming]], it would be the second earliest member of that family, being slightly younger than ''[[Spicomellus]]''. Unlike other ankylosaurids, it lacked a bony [[club (zoology)|club]] at the tip of its tail.
'''''Tianchisaurus''''' (meaning "heavenly pool lizard"), also [[Valid name (zoology)|invalidly]] called '''''Tianchiasaurus''''' and "'''Jurassosaurus'''", is a [[genus]] of [[ankylosaur]]ian [[dinosaur]] from the [[Late Jurassic]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Huang |first=Diying |date=2019 |title=Jurassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China |journal=Science China Earth Sciences |language=en |volume=62 |issue=1 |pages=223–255 |doi=10.1007/s11430-017-9268-7 |issn=1674-7313}}</ref> ([[Oxfordian (stage)|Oxfordian]]&ndash;[[Kimmeridgian]])-aged [[Toutunhe Formation]] of China. It is one of the oldest ankylosaurs, being slightly younger than the Moroccan ''[[Spicomellus]]''.<ref name=Spicomellus>{{Cite journal|last1=Maidment|first1=Susannah C. R.|last2=Strachan|first2=Sarah J.|last3=Ouarhache|first3=Driss|last4=Scheyer|first4=Torsten M.|last5=Brown|first5=Emily E.|last6=Fernandez|first6=Vincent|last7=Johanson|first7=Zerina|last8=Raven|first8=Thomas J.|last9=Barrett|first9=Paul M.|date=2021-09-23|title=Bizarre dermal armour suggests the first African ankylosaur|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-021-01553-6|journal=[[Nature Ecology & Evolution]]|volume=5|issue=12|language=en|pages=1576–1581|doi=10.1038/s41559-021-01553-6|pmid=34556830|s2cid=237616095|issn=2397-334X}}</ref> While many later-diverging ankylosaurids had bony [[club (zoology)|club]]s at the tips of their tails, ''Tianchisaurus'' likely lacked such a structure.


==Discovery and naming==
==Discovery and naming==

Revision as of 06:13, 7 April 2024

Tianchisaurus
Temporal range: Late Jurassic, 161–153 Ma
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: †Ornithischia
Clade: †Thyreophora
Clade: †Ankylosauria
Genus: †Tianchisaurus
Dong, 1993
Type species
†Tianchisaurus nedegoapeferima
Dong, 1993
Synonyms
  • "Sanghongesaurus" Zhao, 1983

Tianchisaurus (meaning "heavenly pool lizard"), also invalidly called Tianchiasaurus and "Jurassosaurus", is a genus of ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic[1] (Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian)-aged Toutunhe Formation of China. It is one of the oldest ankylosaurs, being slightly younger than the Moroccan Spicomellus.[2] While many later-diverging ankylosaurids had bony clubs at the tips of their tails, Tianchisaurus likely lacked such a structure.

Discovery and naming

The holotype (IVPP V. 10614), discovered in 1974, consists of skull fragments, five cervicals, six dorsals, seven sacrals, and three caudals, limb fragments, scutes and some unidentifiable fragments.[3][4]

The type specimen was informally referred to as "Jurassosaurus" after the 1993 film Jurassic Park, and the species epithet nedegoapeferima is formed from the surnames of the film's main stars: Sam Neill, Laura Dern, Jeff Goldblum, Richard Attenborough, Bob Peck, Martin Ferrero, Ariana Richards, and Joseph Mazzello.[3] Director Steven Spielberg, who has funded Chinese dinosaur research, proposed the name. Dong Zhiming ultimately discarded the genus name "Jurassosaurus" (which is now a nomen nudum) in favor of Tianchisaurus, but retained the species name honoring the actors. The description paper uses the spellings Tianchiasaurus and Tianchisaurus interchangeably, but is spelled with the extra "a" in the section naming it as a new genus. In 1994, Dong published an erratum stating that Tianchisaurus is the correct name.[5]

"Sanghongesaurus", mentioned by Zhao Xijin (1983),[6] is sometimes referred to as a basal ornithischian or a synonym of Tianchisaurus.[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Huang, Diying (2019). "Jurassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China". Science China Earth Sciences. 62 (1): 223–255. doi:10.1007/s11430-017-9268-7. ISSN 1674-7313.
  2. ^ Maidment, Susannah C. R.; Strachan, Sarah J.; Ouarhache, Driss; Scheyer, Torsten M.; Brown, Emily E.; Fernandez, Vincent; Johanson, Zerina; Raven, Thomas J.; Barrett, Paul M. (2021-09-23). "Bizarre dermal armour suggests the first African ankylosaur". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 5 (12): 1576–1581. doi:10.1038/s41559-021-01553-6. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 34556830. S2CID 237616095.
  3. ^ a b Dong, Z. (1993). "An ankylosaur (ornithischian dinosaur) from the Middle Jurassic of the Junggar Basin, China." Vertebrata PalAsiatica 31:258-264.
  4. ^ Atkinson, L. "TIANCHIASAURUS :: from DinoChecker's dinosaur archive". ‹http://www.dinochecker.com/dinosaurs/TIANCHIASAURUS›. Web access: 06th Aug 2020.
  5. ^ Dong Zhiming (1994). "Erratum". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 32: 142.
  6. ^ Xijin, Zhao. (1983). Phylogeny and evolutionary stages of Dinosauria. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 28(1-2):295-306
  7. ^ Carpenter, K. (2001). Phylogenetic analysis of the Ankylosauria. In K. Carpenter (ed.), The Armored Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, Bloomington 455-483
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