Manifesto: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 00:51, 30 September 2022

Cover of the internationally famous *Communist Manifesto*, written by Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx, and published in 1848

A manifesto is a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or public consensus or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is political, social or artistic in nature, sometimes revolutionary, but may present an individual's life stance. Manifestos relating to religious belief are generally referred to as creeds or, a confession of faith.

Etymology

It is derived from the Italian word manifesto, itself derived from the Latin manifestum, meaning clear or conspicuous. Its first recorded use in English is from 1620, in Nathaniel Brent's translation of Paolo Sarpi's History of the Council of Trent: "To this citation he made answer by a Manifesto" (p. 102). Similarly, "They were so farre surprised with his Manifesto, that they would never suffer it to be published" (p. 103).^[5]

References

^ Merriam-Webster online dictionary definition of Manifesto Archived August 8, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
^ "SEOphonist | die SEOphonisten Wahl 2013" (in German). Archived from the original on September 12, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2013., article on "Wahlprogramm", literally "election programme".
^ Dictionary.com definition of Manifesto Archived August 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
^ David Robertson, The Routledge Dictionary of Politics, Edition 3, Psychology Press, 1890 p. 295 Archived April 25, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, ISBN 0415323770, 9780415323772
^ Oxford English Dictionary

External links

Manifestos.net
100 Artists' Manifestos. Danchev, Alex. London: Penguin. 2011. ISBN 9780141191799. OCLC 660519141.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
British political party manifesto archives, 1900–present: Labour, Conservative, Liberal/SDP/Liberal Democrat

[1] Merriam-Webster online dictionary definition of Manifesto Archived August 8, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.

[2] "SEOphonist | die SEOphonisten Wahl 2013" (in German). Archived from the original on September 12, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2013., article on "Wahlprogramm", literally "election programme".

[3] Dictionary.com definition of Manifesto Archived August 6, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.

[4] David Robertson, The Routledge Dictionary of Politics, Edition 3, Psychology Press, 1890 p. 295 Archived April 25, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, ISBN 0415323770, 9780415323772

[5] Oxford English Dictionary

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2014}}
 {{Use Oxford spelling|date=June 2021}}
-[[File:Communist-manifesto.png|thumb|Cover of the internationally famous ''[[Communist Manifesto]]'' written by [[Friedrich Engels]] and [[Karl Marx]] and published in 1848]]
+[[File:Communist-manifesto.png|thumb|Cover of the internationally famous ''[[Communist Manifesto]]'', written by [[Friedrich Engels]] and [[Karl Marx]], and published in 1848]]
 A '''manifesto''' is a published declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government.<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/manifesto Merriam-Webster online dictionary definition of Manifesto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120808022742/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/manifesto |date=August 8, 2012 }}.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seophonist-wahl.de/ |title=SEOphonist &#124; die SEOphonisten Wahl 2013 |access-date=2013-09-14 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130912054800/http://www.seophonist-wahl.de/ |archive-date=September 12, 2013 |df=mdy-all |language=de}}, article on "Wahlprogramm", literally "election programme".</ref><ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/manifesto Dictionary.com definition of Manifesto] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806095123/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/manifesto |date=August 6, 2012 }}.</ref><ref>
+David Robertson, ''The Routledge Dictionary of Politics'', Edition 3, Psychology Press, 1890 [https://books.google.com/books?id=WcIkEz3a4nIC&pg=PA295 p. 295] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425013939/https://books.google.com/books?id=WcIkEz3a4nIC&pg=PA295 |date=April 25, 2016 }}, {{ISBN|0415323770}}, 9780415323772</ref> A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or [[Consensus decision-making|public consensus]] or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is [[Party platform|political]], [[Social movement|social]] or [[Art manifesto|artistic]] in nature, sometimes [[Political revolution|revolutionary]], but may present an individual's [[life stance]]. Manifestos relating to [[religious belief]] are generally referred to as [[creed]]s or, a [[confession of faith]].
-David Robertson, ''The Routledge Dictionary of Politics'',
-Edition 3, Psychology Press, 1890 [https://books.google.com/books?id=WcIkEz3a4nIC&pg=PA295 p. 295] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425013939/https://books.google.com/books?id=WcIkEz3a4nIC&pg=PA295 |date=April 25, 2016 }}, {{ISBN|0415323770}}, 9780415323772
-</ref>  A manifesto usually accepts a previously published opinion or [[Consensus decision-making|public consensus]] or promotes a new idea with prescriptive notions for carrying out changes the author believes should be made. It often is [[Party platform|political]], [[Social movement|social]] or [[Art manifesto|artistic]] in nature, sometimes [[Political revolution|revolutionary]], but may present an individual's [[life stance]]. Manifestos relating to [[religious belief]] are generally referred to as [[creed]]s or, a [[confession of faith]].
 == Etymology ==

v t e Media manipulation
Context	Bias Crowd psychology Deception Dumbing down False balance Half-truths Media Obfuscation Orwellian Persuasion Manipulation (psychology)
Activism	Advocacy group Alternative media Boycott Call-out culture Cancel culture Civil disobedience Culture jamming Demonstrations Deplatforming Grassroots Guerrilla communication Hacktivism Internet Media Occupations Petitions Protests Youth
Advertising	Billboards False Infomercials Mobiles Modeling Radio Sex Slogans Testimonials TV Criticism of advertising Annoyance factor
Censorship Media regulation	Books Broadcast law Burying of scholars Catch and kill Corporate Cover-ups Euphemism Films Historical negationism Internet Political Religious Self
Hoaxing	Alternative facts April Fools' Deepfake Fake news websites Fakelore False document Fictitious entries Firehose of falsehood Forgery Gaslighting List Literary Lying press Photograph manipulation Racial Urban legend Virus Video manipulation
Marketing	Branding Loyalty Product Product placement Publicity Research Word of mouth
News media	Agenda-setting Broadcasting Circus Cycle Emotive conjugation False balance Infotainment Managing Narcotizing dysfunction Newspeak Pseudo-event Scrum Sensationalism Tabloid journalism
Political campaigning	Advertising Astroturfing Attack ad Canvassing Character assassination Dog whistle Election promises Lawn signs Party platforms (or manifestos) Name recognition Negative Push polling Smear campaign Wedge issue
Propaganda	Bandwagon Big lie Crowd manipulation Disinformation Fearmongering Framing Indoctrination Loaded language National mythology Rally 'round the flag effect Techniques
Psychological warfare	Airborne leaflets False flag Fifth column Information (IT) Lawfare Political Public diplomacy Sedition Subversion
Public relations	Cult of personality Doublespeak Non-apology apology Reputation management Slogans Sound bites Spin Transfer Understatement Weasel words Corporate propaganda
Sales	Cold calling Door-to-door Pricing Product demonstrations Promotion Spaving Promotional merchandise Telemarketing
Related	Influence-for-hire Media bias United States Media concentration Media democracy Media ecology Media ethics Media franchise Media influence Media proprietor

Authority control databases
National	Germany
Other	Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine

Revision as of 00:51, 30 September 2022

Etymology

See also

References

External links