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{{more footnotes|date = November 2011}}
{{Infobox Politician
{{Infobox Politician
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'''Francis Lightfoot Lee''' (October 14, 1734 – January 11, 1797) was a [[Founding Father of the United States]] and a member of the [[House of Burgesses]] in the [[Colony of Virginia]]. As an active protester regarding issues such as the [[Stamp Act 1765|Stamp Act of 1765]], Lee helped move the colony in the direction of independence from [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Britain]]. Lee was a delegate to the Virginia Conventions and the [[Continental Congress#First Continental Congress, 1774|Continental Congress]]. He was a signer of the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] as a representative of [[Virginia]]. In addition to his career in politics, Lee owned a [[tobacco]] [[Plantation complexes in the Southern United States|plantation]] as well as many [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Francis Lightfoot Lee |url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/ |website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref> He was a member of the [[Lee family]], a prominent Virginian dynasty whose members accumulated their wealth and power through plantation slavery.
'''Francis Lightfoot Lee''' (October 14, 1734 – January 11, 1797) was a [[Founding Fathers of the United States|Founding Father of the United States]] and a member of the [[House of Burgesses]] in the [[Colony of Virginia]]. As an active protester regarding issues such as the [[Stamp Act 1765|Stamp Act of 1765]], Lee helped move the colony in the direction of independence from [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Britain]]. Lee was a delegate to the [[Virginia Conventions]] and the [[Continental Congress]]. He was a signer of the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] as a representative of [[Virginia]]. In addition to his career in politics, Lee owned a tobacco [[Plantation complexes in the Southern United States|plantation]] as well as many [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Francis Lightfoot Lee |url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/ |website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref> He was a member of the [[Lee family]], a prominent Virginian dynasty whose members accumulated their wealth and power through plantation slavery.


==Family, education and early life==
==Family, education and early life==
[[File:Coat of Arms of the Lee Family.svg|175px|thumb|left|Coat of Arms of Francis Lightfoot Lee]]
[[File:Coat of Arms of the Lee Family.svg|175px|thumb|left|Coat of Arms of Francis Lightfoot Lee]]
Francis Lee was born on October 14, 1734, at a Lee family home at Machadoc, later known as Burnt House Field, in Hague, Westmoreland County, Virginia. He grew up at [[Stratford Hall (plantation)|Stratford Hall]], a large tobacco plantation,<ref>{{cite web |title=Francis Lightfoot Lee |url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/ |website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref> which his father completed in 1738. He was educated at home, where Lee pursued classical studies under Dr. Craig. He was of English descent, and was born into one of the [[First Families of Virginia]]. Lee was the fourth son of [[Thomas Lee (Virginia colonist)|Thomas Lee]] and [[Hannah Harrison Ludwell]] (of the nearby [[Green Spring Plantation]]). His middle name "Lightfoot" came from Francis Lightfoot, the [[best man]] at his father's wedding.<ref>{{cite web |title=Francis Lightfoot Lee |url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/ |website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref>
Lee was born on October 14, 1734, at a Lee family home at Machadoc, later known as Burnt House Field, in Hague, Westmoreland County, Virginia. Lee was the fourth son of [[Thomas Lee (Virginia colonist)|Thomas Lee]] and [[Hannah Harrison Ludwell]] (of the nearby [[Green Spring Plantation]]). His middle name "Lightfoot" came from Francis Lightfoot, the [[best man]] at his father's wedding.<ref>{{cite web|title=Francis Lightfoot Lee|url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/|access-date=6 July 2021|website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence}}</ref> He was of English descent and was born into one of the [[First Families of Virginia]]. He grew up at [[Stratford Hall (plantation)|Stratford Hall]], a large tobacco plantation,<ref>{{cite web |title=Francis Lightfoot Lee |url=https://www.dsdi1776.com/francis-lightfoot-lee/ |website=The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref> which his father completed in 1738. He was educated at home, where Lee pursued classical studies under Dr. Craig.


In 1772, Francis married his cousin, Rebecca Plater Tayloe. They were 2nd cousins, once removed.
In 1772, Lee married his cousin, Rebecca Plater Tayloe. They were 2nd cousins, once removed. they had no children. Lee lived his entire life in the region of Virginia between the [[Rappahannock River]] and the [[Chesapeake Bay]] (known as the [[Northern Neck]]).


⚫
Lee was the grandson of Col. [[Richard Lee II]] and a great-grandson of Col. [[Richard Lee I]]. Senator [[Richard Henry Lee]] and diplomats [[William Lee (diplomat)|William Lee]] and [[Arthur Lee (diplomat)|Dr. Arthur Lee]] were his brothers. Another brother, [[Thomas Ludwell Lee]], was appointed to a committee, along with [[Thomas Jefferson]], to re-write the laws of Virginia. His namesake Francis Lightfoot Lee II was the son of his brother [[Richard Henry Lee]], and men of the same name descend from him.
Lee lived his entire life in the region of Virginia between the [[Rappahannock River]] and the [[Chesapeake Bay]] (known as the [[Northern Neck]]).


==Government service==
==Political career==
In 1774, Lee was among those who called for a general congress and [[First Virginia Convention|the first of the Virginia Conventions]], which he attended. He served in the [[Virginia State Senate]] from 1778 to 1782, and was a delegate to the First Continental Congress held in [[Philadelphia]], serving until 1779. As a congressional representative of Virginia, he signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation.
In 1774, Lee was among those who called for a general congress and the first of the Virginia Conventions, which he attended. He served in the [[Senate of Virginia|Virginia State Senate]] from 1778 to 1782 and was a delegate to the [[First Continental Congress]] held in [[Philadelphia]], serving until 1779. As a congressional representative of Virginia, he signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. He was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1768 as a member.<ref>Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein, Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society. 3 vols. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1997, 3:616–620.</ref>


==Death==
==Death and legacy==
Lee died of [[pleurisy]] at his residence (named "[[Menokin]]") in [[Richmond County, Virginia]], on January 11, 1797, following his wife's death four days prior. He is buried in the Tayloe family burial ground at [[Mount Airy, Richmond County, Virginia|Mount Airy Plantation]], near [[Warsaw, Virginia]].<ref>[https://www.stratfordhall.org/meet-the-lee-family/francis-lightfoot-lee-1734-1797/ Stratford Hall]</ref>
Lee died of [[pleurisy]] at his residence (named "[[Menokin]]") in [[Richmond County, Virginia]], on January 11, 1797, following his wife's death four days prior. He is buried in the Tayloe family burial ground at [[Mount Airy Plantation]], near [[Warsaw, Virginia]].<ref>[https://www.stratfordhall.org/meet-the-lee-family/francis-lightfoot-lee-1734-1797/ Stratford Hall]</ref>


⚫
The [[World War II]] [[Liberty Ship]] {{SS|Francis L. Lee}} was named in his honor.
==Legacy and honors==
⚫
*The [[World War II]] [[Liberty Ship]] {{SS|Francis L. Lee}} was named in his honor.
*He was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1768 as a member.<ref>Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein, Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society. 3 vols. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1997, 3:616–620.</ref>

==Relations==
⚫
Lee was the grandson of Col. [[Richard Lee II]] and a great-grandson of Col. [[Richard Lee I]]. Senator [[Richard Henry Lee]] and diplomats [[William Lee (diplomat)|William Lee]] and [[Arthur Lee (diplomat)|Dr. Arthur Lee]] were his brothers. Another brother, [[Thomas Ludwell Lee]], was appointed to a committee, along with [[Thomas Jefferson]], to re-write the laws of Virginia. Francis Lightfoot Lee had no children; his namesake Francis Lightfoot Lee II was the son of his brother [[Richard Henry Lee]], and further men of the same name descend from him.


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 22:25, 8 December 2021

Francis Lightfoot Lee
Delegate to the Continental Congress
from Virginia
In office
1774–1779
Member of the Virginia Senate
In office
1778–1782
Personal details
Born(1734-10-14)October 14, 1734
Stratford Hall Plantation, Westmoreland County, Virginia Colony
DiedJanuary 11, 1797(1797-01-11) (aged 62)
Richmond County, Virginia
Resting placeMount Airy, Tayloe Family Estate, Warsaw, Richmond County
Parent(s)Thomas Lee
Hannah Harrison Ludwell
Signature

Francis Lightfoot Lee (October 14, 1734 – January 11, 1797) was a Founding Father of the United States and a member of the House of Burgesses in the Colony of Virginia. As an active protester regarding issues such as the Stamp Act of 1765, Lee helped move the colony in the direction of independence from Britain. Lee was a delegate to the Virginia Conventions and the Continental Congress. He was a signer of the Articles of Confederation and the Declaration of Independence as a representative of Virginia. In addition to his career in politics, Lee owned a tobacco plantation as well as many slaves.[1] He was a member of the Lee family, a prominent Virginian dynasty whose members accumulated their wealth and power through plantation slavery.

Family, education and early life

Coat of Arms of Francis Lightfoot Lee

Lee was born on October 14, 1734, at a Lee family home at Machadoc, later known as Burnt House Field, in Hague, Westmoreland County, Virginia. Lee was the fourth son of Thomas Lee and Hannah Harrison Ludwell (of the nearby Green Spring Plantation). His middle name "Lightfoot" came from Francis Lightfoot, the best man at his father's wedding.[2] He was of English descent and was born into one of the First Families of Virginia. He grew up at Stratford Hall, a large tobacco plantation,[3] which his father completed in 1738. He was educated at home, where Lee pursued classical studies under Dr. Craig.

In 1772, Lee married his cousin, Rebecca Plater Tayloe. They were 2nd cousins, once removed. they had no children. Lee lived his entire life in the region of Virginia between the Rappahannock River and the Chesapeake Bay (known as the Northern Neck).

Lee was the grandson of Col. Richard Lee II and a great-grandson of Col. Richard Lee I. Senator Richard Henry Lee and diplomats William Lee and Dr. Arthur Lee were his brothers. Another brother, Thomas Ludwell Lee, was appointed to a committee, along with Thomas Jefferson, to re-write the laws of Virginia. His namesake Francis Lightfoot Lee II was the son of his brother Richard Henry Lee, and men of the same name descend from him.

Political career

In 1774, Lee was among those who called for a general congress and the first of the Virginia Conventions, which he attended. He served in the Virginia State Senate from 1778 to 1782 and was a delegate to the First Continental Congress held in Philadelphia, serving until 1779. As a congressional representative of Virginia, he signed both the Declaration of Independence and the Articles of Confederation. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1768 as a member.[4]

Death and legacy

Lee died of pleurisy at his residence (named "Menokin") in Richmond County, Virginia, on January 11, 1797, following his wife's death four days prior. He is buried in the Tayloe family burial ground at Mount Airy Plantation, near Warsaw, Virginia.[5]

The World War II Liberty Ship SS Francis L. Lee was named in his honor.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Francis Lightfoot Lee". The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  2. ^ "Francis Lightfoot Lee". The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  3. ^ "Francis Lightfoot Lee". The Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. Retrieved 6 July 2021.
  4. ^ Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein, Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches of Members of the American Philosophical Society. 3 vols. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1997, 3:616–620.
  5. ^ Stratford Hall

Further reading

  • Dill, Alonzo Thomas. Francis Lightfoot Lee, The Incomparable Signer. Edited by Edward M. Riley. Williamsburg: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission, 1977.
  • Twain, Mark. "Francis Lightfoot Lee". Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, I, no. 3 (1877). Reprinted in Charles Neider, ed., Mark Twain: Life as I Find It (New York, 1961).
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