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** Lady Wang (왕씨, 王氏); daughter of Wang Sa-jong (왕사종, 王嗣宗)
** Lady Wang (왕씨, 王氏); daughter of Wang Sa-jong (왕사종, 王嗣宗)
* Grandfather
* Grandfather
** Hong Jin (홍진, 洪縉) (? - 15 December 1266)
** Hong Jin (홍진, 洪縉) (? – 15 December 1266)
* Grandmother
* Grandmother
** Lady Choi (최씨, 崔氏); daughter of Choi Gwang (최광, 崔日+兄) (1208 - 1229)
** Lady Choi (최씨, 崔氏); daughter of Choi Gwang (최광, 崔日+兄) (1208–1229)
*Father
*Father
** Hong Gyu (1242 – 23 June 1316) (홍규, 洪奎)
** Hong Gyu (1242 – 23 June 1316) (홍규, 洪奎)
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
**** Uncle: Ryu Seung (류승, 柳陞) (1248 - 1298)
**** Uncle: Ryu Seung (류승, 柳陞) (1248–1298)
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
**** Uncle: Shin Jin (신진, 申瑱)
**** Uncle: Shin Jin (신진, 申瑱)
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
**** Uncle: Choi Moon-rip (최문립, 崔文立) of the Cheolwon Choi clan (철원 최씨, 鐵原 崔氏)<ref>The Cheolwon Choi clan is also known as the Changwon Choi clan (창원 최씨, 昌原 崔氏) or the Dongju Choi clan (동주 최씨, 東州 崔氏)</ref>
**** Uncle: Choi Moon-rip (최문립, 崔文立) of the Cheolwon Choi clan (철원 최씨, 鐵原 崔氏)<ref>The Cheolwon Choi clan is also known as the Changwon Choi clan (창원 최씨, 昌原 崔氏) or the Dongju Choi clan (동주 최씨, 東州 崔氏)</ref>
***** Cousin: Choi Woon (최운, 崔雲) (1275 - 1325)
***** Cousin: Choi Woon (최운, 崔雲) (1275–1325)
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
**** Uncle: Kim Gae (김개, 金蓋)
**** Uncle: Kim Gae (김개, 金蓋)
*Mother
*Mother
**Princess Consort Gwangju of the Gwangju Kim clan (광주군대부인 김씨, 光州郡大夫人 金氏) (1258 - 1339); Hong Gyu's second wife
**Princess Consort Gwangju of the Gwangju Kim clan (광주군대부인 김씨, 光州郡大夫人 金氏) (1258–1339); Hong Gyu's second wife
** Stepmother: Lady Im of the Jincheon Im clan (진천 임씨, 鎭川 林氏)
** Stepmother: Lady Im of the Jincheon Im clan (진천 임씨, 鎭川 林氏)
* Siblings
* Siblings
Line 86: Line 86:
** Sister-in-law: Lady Ra of the Naju Ra clan (나주 라씨)<ref>The Naju Ra clan is later known as the Geumseong Ra clan (금성 라씨, 錦城 羅氏) or as the Geumseong Na clan (금성 나씨, 錦城 羅氏)</ref>
** Sister-in-law: Lady Ra of the Naju Ra clan (나주 라씨)<ref>The Naju Ra clan is later known as the Geumseong Ra clan (금성 라씨, 錦城 羅氏) or as the Geumseong Na clan (금성 나씨, 錦城 羅氏)</ref>
*** Nephew: Hong Ju (홍주, 洪澍)
*** Nephew: Hong Ju (홍주, 洪澍)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-pak (홍언박, 洪彦博) (1309 - 1363)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-pak (홍언박, 洪彦博) (1309–1363)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-yu (홍언유, 洪彦猷)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-yu (홍언유, 洪彦猷)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-su (홍언수, 洪彦脩)
*** Nephew: Hong Yeon-su (홍언수, 洪彦脩)
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Brother-in-law: Akutai (아쿠타이, 阿忽台) (ᠠᠬᠤᠲᠠᠢ) (? - 1307)
*** Brother-in-law: Akutai (아쿠타이, 阿忽台) (ᠠᠬᠤᠲᠠᠢ) (?–1307)
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Brother-in-law: Jeong Hae (정해, 鄭瑎) (1254 - 1305)
*** Brother-in-law: Jeong Hae (정해, 鄭瑎) (1254–1305)
** Older sister: Royal Consort Sunhwa Won-Bi of the Namyang Hong clan (? – 1306) (순화원비 홍씨, 順和院妃 洪氏)
** Older sister: Royal Consort Sunhwa Won-Bi of the Namyang Hong clan (?–1306) (순화원비 홍씨, 順和院妃 洪氏)
*** Brother-in-law: [[Chungseon of Goryeo|King Chungseon of Goryeo]] (충선왕, 忠宣王) (20 October 1275 - 23 June 1325)
*** Brother-in-law: [[Chungseon of Goryeo|King Chungseon of Goryeo]] (충선왕, 忠宣王) (20 October 1275 – 23 June 1325)
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
** Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
*** Brother-in-law: Won Chung (원충, 元忠) (1290 - 1337)
*** Brother-in-law: Won Chung (원충, 元忠) (1290–1337)
*Husband: [[Chungsuk of Goryeo|King Chungsuk of Goryeo]] (30 July 1294 – 3 May 1339) (고려 충숙왕)
*Husband: [[Chungsuk of Goryeo|King Chungsuk of Goryeo]] (30 July 1294 – 3 May 1339) (고려 충숙왕)
* Children
* Children
**Son: [[Chunghye of Goryeo|King Chunghye of Goryeo]] (22 February 1315 – 30 January 1344) (고려 충혜왕)
**Son: [[Chunghye of Goryeo|King Chunghye of Goryeo]] (22 February 1315 – 30 January 1344) (고려 충혜왕)
***Daughter-in-law: [[Princess Deoknyeong|Princess Consort Deoknyeong of the Borjigin clan]] (? – 1375) (덕녕공주, 德寧公主)
***Daughter-in-law: [[Princess Deoknyeong|Princess Consort Deoknyeong of the Borjigin clan]] (?–1375) (덕녕공주, 德寧公主)
***Daughter-in-law: Royal Consort Hee-bi of the Papyeong Yun clan (희비 윤씨, 禧妃 尹氏) (? - 1380)<ref>She is the second child of Yun Gye-jong (윤계종, 尹繼宗) (? - March 1396) and Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨)</ref><ref>Her mother, Lady Min, is the younger sister of [[Queen Wongyeong]]’s grandfather, Min Byeon</ref><ref>Her paternal uncle, Yun Ahn-suk, became the great-great-grandfather of [[Queen Jeonghui]], the 4th great-grandfather of [[Queen Jeonghyeon]], the 5th great-grandfather of [[Queen Janggyeong]], and the 6th great-grandfather of [[Queen Munjeong]] and [[Yun Won-hyeong|Yun Wonhyeong]].</ref>
***Daughter-in-law: Royal Consort Hee-bi of the Papyeong Yun clan (희비 윤씨, 禧妃 尹氏) (?–1380)<ref>She is the second child of Yun Gye-jong (윤계종, 尹繼宗) (? – March 1396) and Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨)</ref><ref>Her mother, Lady Min, is the younger sister of [[Queen Wongyeong]]’s grandfather, Min Byeon</ref><ref>Her paternal uncle, Yun Ahn-suk, became the great-great-grandfather of [[Queen Jeonghui]], the 4th great-grandfather of [[Queen Jeonghyeon]], the 5th great-grandfather of [[Queen Janggyeong]], and the 6th great-grandfather of [[Queen Munjeong]] and [[Yun Won-hyeong|Yun Wonhyeong]].</ref>
**Son: [[Gongmin of Goryeo|King Gongmin of Goryeo]] (23 May 1330 – 27 October 1374) (고려 공민왕)
**Son: [[Gongmin of Goryeo|King Gongmin of Goryeo]] (23 May 1330 – 27 October 1374) (고려 공민왕)
***Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Noguk|Queen Noguk of the Borjigin clan]] (? – 8 March 1365) (노국대장공주, 魯國大長公主)
***Daughter-in-law: [[Queen Noguk|Queen Noguk of the Borjigin clan]] (? – 8 March 1365) (노국대장공주, 魯國大長公主)

Revision as of 22:15, 16 June 2021

Queen Gongwon
공원왕후
Queen consort of Goryeo
(1st)
Tenure1313–1330
PredecessorPrincess Gyeguk
SuccessorPrincess Deoknyeong
Queen consort of Goryeo
(2nd)
Tenure1332–1339
PredecessorPrincess Deoknyeong
SuccessorPrincess Deoknyeong
Queen regent of Goryeo
Born25 August 1298
Kingdom of Goryeo
Died12 February 1380 (1380-02-13) (aged 81)
Kingdom of Goryeo
SpouseKing Chungsuk of Goryeo
IssueKing Chunghye of Goryeo
King Gongmin of Goryeo
Posthumous name
명덕왕태후
明德王太后
ClanNamyang Hong clan
FatherHong Gyu
MotherLady Gwangju of the Gwangju Kim clan

Queen Gongwon (25 August 1298 – 12 February 1380), also known by her posthumous name Queen Mother Myeongdeok, was queen consort to king Chungsuk of Goryeo and the mother to two successive kings, Chunghye and Gongmin. She was from the Namyang Hong clan.

Biography

Queen Gongwon was born on 25 August 1298 as the fifth daughter of Hong Gyu and Lady Kim of the Gwangju Kim clan. Royal Consort Sunhwa, one of the concubines of King Chungseon of Goryeo, was her older sister. In 1313, she married Chungsuk of Goryeo and was promoted to the rank of bi with the adjective Deok (Korean: 덕비; Hanja: 德妃). Her father was given the title of “Internal Prince Namyang” (Korean: 남양부원군), and her mother “Princess Consort Gwangju of the Kim clan” (Korean: 광주군대부인 김씨; Hanja: 光州郡大夫人 金氏).

In 1315, she gave birth to her first son, Prince Wang Jeong.

In 1330, she gave birth to her second son, Prince Wang Gi. King Chungsuk, who was allowed to return to Goryeo in 1325, passed the throne to her eldest son in 1330, but he was reinstated after two years when King Chunghye was deposed by the Yuan. She was in a confrontation with Shin Don and frequently made remarks about the radical reform policies of Gongmin. In particular, when she saw Gongmin killing several servants who were obstacles to the reform policy she reproached him. When Shin Don was killed, her relationship with her son improved.

After the death of Gongmin, her grandson ascended the throne as King U. In 1376, the boy's birth mother, a nobi serf belonging to Shin Don called Banya, snuck into the queen mother's residence to protest the fact that she was not acknowledged as the king's mother. The queen mother drove the woman out of her residences, and she was later thrown into the Imjin River.[1]

Queen Gongwon died on 12 February 1380.

Family

  • Great-Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Hong Kwan (홍관, 洪灌)
  • Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Hong Ji-yoo (홍지유, 洪至柔)
  • Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Hong Wong-jong (홍원중, 洪源中)
  • Great-Grandfather
    • Hong Sa-yoon (홍사윤, 洪斯胤)
  • Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Wang (왕씨, 王氏); daughter of Wang Sa-jong (왕사종, 王嗣宗)
  • Grandfather
    • Hong Jin (홍진, 洪縉) (? – 15 December 1266)
  • Grandmother
    • Lady Choi (최씨, 崔氏); daughter of Choi Gwang (최광, 崔日+兄) (1208–1229)
  • Father
    • Hong Gyu (1242 – 23 June 1316) (홍규, 洪奎)
      • Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
        • Uncle: Ryu Seung (류승, 柳陞) (1248–1298)
      • Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
        • Uncle: Shin Jin (신진, 申瑱)
      • Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
        • Uncle: Choi Moon-rip (최문립, 崔文立) of the Cheolwon Choi clan (철원 최씨, 鐵原 崔氏)[2]
          • Cousin: Choi Woon (최운, 崔雲) (1275–1325)
      • Aunt: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
        • Uncle: Kim Gae (김개, 金蓋)
  • Mother
    • Princess Consort Gwangju of the Gwangju Kim clan (광주군대부인 김씨, 光州郡大夫人 金氏) (1258–1339); Hong Gyu's second wife
    • Stepmother: Lady Im of the Jincheon Im clan (진천 임씨, 鎭川 林氏)
  • Siblings
    • Older brother: Hong Yong (홍융, 洪戒)
    • Sister-in-law: Lady Ra of the Naju Ra clan (나주 라씨)[3]
      • Nephew: Hong Ju (홍주, 洪澍)
      • Nephew: Hong Yeon-pak (홍언박, 洪彦博) (1309–1363)
      • Nephew: Hong Yeon-yu (홍언유, 洪彦猷)
      • Nephew: Hong Yeon-su (홍언수, 洪彦脩)
    • Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
      • Brother-in-law: Akutai (아쿠타이, 阿忽台) (ᠠᠬᠤᠲᠠᠢ) (?–1307)
    • Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
      • Brother-in-law: Jeong Hae (정해, 鄭瑎) (1254–1305)
    • Older sister: Royal Consort Sunhwa Won-Bi of the Namyang Hong clan (?–1306) (순화원비 홍씨, 順和院妃 洪氏)
    • Older sister: Lady Hong of the Namyang Hong clan
      • Brother-in-law: Won Chung (원충, 元忠) (1290–1337)
  • Husband: King Chungsuk of Goryeo (30 July 1294 – 3 May 1339) (고려 충숙왕)
  • Children

References

  1. ^ "Biographies, vol. 46". Goryeosa. Vol. 133. 1451. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  2. ^ The Cheolwon Choi clan is also known as the Changwon Choi clan (창원 최씨, 昌原 崔氏) or the Dongju Choi clan (동주 최씨, 東州 崔氏)
  3. ^ The Naju Ra clan is later known as the Geumseong Ra clan (금성 라씨, 錦城 羅氏) or as the Geumseong Na clan (금성 나씨, 錦城 羅氏)
  4. ^ She is the second child of Yun Gye-jong (윤계종, 尹繼宗) (? – March 1396) and Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨)
  5. ^ Her mother, Lady Min, is the younger sister of Queen Wongyeong’s grandfather, Min Byeon
  6. ^ Her paternal uncle, Yun Ahn-suk, became the great-great-grandfather of Queen Jeonghui, the 4th great-grandfather of Queen Jeonghyeon, the 5th great-grandfather of Queen Janggyeong, and the 6th great-grandfather of Queen Munjeong and Yun Wonhyeong.
Preceded by Queen consort of Korea
(1st tenure)
1313–1330 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Queen consort of Korea
(2nd tenure)
1332–1339 		Succeeded by


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