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'''Mark Foster Gage''' (born November 22, 1973) is an American designer, theoretician, theorist and founder of Mark Foster Gage Architects in New York City.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehedonistmagazine.com/2018/09/04/mark-foster-gage-a-traditional-reflection-on-the-architecture-of-the-future/|title=Mark Foster Gage - A Traditional Reflection On The Architecture Of The Future|date=4 September 2018|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/kitbashing-beauty_o|title=Mark Foster Gage|last=|first=|date=|website=www.architectmagazine.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2015/12/14/mark-foster-gage-proposes-elaborate-gargoyle-covered-skyscraper-new-york-west-57th-street/|title=Mark Foster Gage designs elaborate skyscraper for New York|date=14 December 2015|website=Dezeen}}</ref> He is a tenured associate professor and former assistant dean, from 2010-2019, at the [[Yale University]] School of Architecture where he has been on the faculty since 2001. His academic expertise is in the field of [[aesthetic]] philosophy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mark Foster Gage |url=https://www.architecture.yale.edu/faculty/321-mark-foster-gage |website=Yale faculty bio |accessdate=19 March 2019}}</ref>
'''Mark Foster Gage''' (born November 22, 1973) is an American designer, theoretician, theorist and founder of Mark Foster Gage Architects in New York City.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thehedonistmagazine.com/2018/09/04/mark-foster-gage-a-traditional-reflection-on-the-architecture-of-the-future/|title=Mark Foster Gage - A Traditional Reflection On The Architecture Of The Future|date=4 September 2018|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/kitbashing-beauty_o|title=Mark Foster Gage|last=|first=|date=|website=www.architectmagazine.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-03-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2015/12/14/mark-foster-gage-proposes-elaborate-gargoyle-covered-skyscraper-new-york-west-57th-street/|title=Mark Foster Gage designs elaborate skyscraper for New York|date=14 December 2015|website=Dezeen}}</ref> He is a tenured associate professor and former assistant dean, from 2010-2019, at the [[Yale University]] School of Architecture where he has been on the faculty since 2001. His academic expertise is in the field of [[aesthetic]] philosophy.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mark Foster Gage |url=https://www.architecture.yale.edu/faculty/321-mark-foster-gage |website=Yale faculty bio |access-date=19 March 2019}}</ref>


==Background and education==
==Background and education==
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Gage actualizes his thoughts about the need to challenge abstraction as the pinnacle of good design through a practice he refers to as kitbashing. [[Kitbashing]] typically refers to model train enthusiasts who combine parts from multiple model train kits to create their own unique train; Gage, however, employs the term to refer to the process of combining basic and unrelated figures into cohesive adornments for his buildings. Gage’s dedication to kitbashing is a result of his endevour for bringing the discourse of [[Object-oriented ontology|Object Oriented Ontology]] into architecture. Gage’s designs are created by compiling images (2-D and 3-D) he and his team find through simple Google searches which he thinks of as a kind of recycling process: giving the images the team kind's new life in his designs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Helsinki Guggenheim Museum|url=https://www.mfga.com/helsinki-guggenheim|access-date=2021-04-08|website=MFGA 080219|language=en}}</ref>
Gage actualizes his thoughts about the need to challenge abstraction as the pinnacle of good design through a practice he refers to as kitbashing. [[Kitbashing]] typically refers to model train enthusiasts who combine parts from multiple model train kits to create their own unique train; Gage, however, employs the term to refer to the process of combining basic and unrelated figures into cohesive adornments for his buildings. Gage’s dedication to kitbashing is a result of his endevour for bringing the discourse of [[Object-oriented ontology|Object Oriented Ontology]] into architecture. Gage’s designs are created by compiling images (2-D and 3-D) he and his team find through simple Google searches which he thinks of as a kind of recycling process: giving the images the team kind's new life in his designs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Helsinki Guggenheim Museum|url=https://www.mfga.com/helsinki-guggenheim|access-date=2021-04-08|website=MFGA 080219|language=en}}</ref>


Gage has been referred to by "[[The Spectator]]" magazine (London), as "..the most decoratively radical architect at work today."<ref>{{cite web | last=Meades | first=Jonathan | title=What next for Notre Dame? | website=The Spectator | date=2019-04-25 | url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/what-next-for-notre-dame- | access-date=2020-07-01}}</ref> His most recognized projects include his 2015 proposal for 41 West 57th Street, a 102-story skyscraper that a developer requested, which drew wide attention; however, the developer never built the structure..<ref name="Tucker">{{cite news|last1=Tucker|first1=Emma|title=Mark Foster Gage Proposes|url=http://www.dezeen.com/2015/12/14/mark-foster-gage-proposes-elaborate-gargoyle-covered-skyscraper-new-york-west-57th-street/|accessdate=15 December 2015|publisher=de zeen|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Mafi">{{cite news|last1=Mafi|first1=Nick|title=New York City's Latest Proposed Skyscraper Is Not What You Would Expect|url=http://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/new-york-citys-newest-proposed-skyscraper-by-mark-foster-gage|accessdate=15 December 2015|publisher=Architectural Digest|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Imagine">{{cite news|title=Imagine If This Ornate 102-Story Tower Rose On 57th Street|url=http://ny.curbed.com/tags/41-west-57th-street|accessdate=15 December 2015|publisher=CurbedNY|date=15 December 2015}}</ref>
Gage has been referred to by "[[The Spectator]]" magazine (London), as "..the most decoratively radical architect at work today."<ref>{{cite web | last=Meades | first=Jonathan | title=What next for Notre Dame? | website=The Spectator | date=2019-04-25 | url=https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/what-next-for-notre-dame- | access-date=2020-07-01}}</ref> His most recognized projects include his 2015 proposal for 41 West 57th Street, a 102-story skyscraper that a developer requested, which drew wide attention; however, the developer never built the structure..<ref name="Tucker">{{cite news|last1=Tucker|first1=Emma|title=Mark Foster Gage Proposes|url=http://www.dezeen.com/2015/12/14/mark-foster-gage-proposes-elaborate-gargoyle-covered-skyscraper-new-york-west-57th-street/|access-date=15 December 2015|publisher=de zeen|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Mafi">{{cite news|last1=Mafi|first1=Nick|title=New York City's Latest Proposed Skyscraper Is Not What You Would Expect|url=http://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/new-york-citys-newest-proposed-skyscraper-by-mark-foster-gage|access-date=15 December 2015|publisher=Architectural Digest|date=14 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="Imagine">{{cite news|title=Imagine If This Ornate 102-Story Tower Rose On 57th Street|url=http://ny.curbed.com/tags/41-west-57th-street|access-date=15 December 2015|publisher=CurbedNY|date=15 December 2015}}</ref>


Gage proposed and designed the original [[Times Square]] Valentine's Day heart in 2009; a design competition for the Times Square heart has since become an annual event.<ref name="LeeSquare">{{cite news |last1=Lee |first1=Jennifer |title=The Pulsing Heart of Times Square |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage-9901EFD81F39F933A25751C0A96F9C8B63.html |accessdate=19 March 2019 |work=New York Times |date=10 February 2009}}</ref><ref name="JohnsonValentines">{{cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Sara |title=6 Years of Times Square Valentines |url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/6-years-of-times-square-valentines_o |accessdate=19 March 2019 |publisher=Architect |date=13 February 2014}}</ref>
Gage proposed and designed the original [[Times Square]] Valentine's Day heart in 2009; a design competition for the Times Square heart has since become an annual event.<ref name="LeeSquare">{{cite news |last1=Lee |first1=Jennifer |title=The Pulsing Heart of Times Square |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage-9901EFD81F39F933A25751C0A96F9C8B63.html |access-date=19 March 2019 |work=New York Times |date=10 February 2009}}</ref><ref name="JohnsonValentines">{{cite news |last1=Johnson |first1=Sara |title=6 Years of Times Square Valentines |url=https://www.architectmagazine.com/design/6-years-of-times-square-valentines_o |access-date=19 March 2019 |publisher=Architect |date=13 February 2014}}</ref>


He has designed a series of retail stores for fashion designer Nicola Formichetti in New York City, Hong Kong, and Beijing, which showcased selected outfits from Lady Gaga. This series of projects led to his later collaboration with Formichetti on both an outfit for Lady Gaga and a line of cosmetic products for MAC Cosmetics which were sold internationally.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/guides/fallpreview/2011/shopping/nicola-formichetti-pop-up/|title=Lady Gaga Stylist Nicola Formichetti on His Pop-Up Shop - Fall Preview 2011 -- New York Magazine - Nymag|website=New York Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harpersbazaar.co.uk/fashion/fashion-news/Nicola-Formichetti-popup-store-250811|title=First look at Gaga's stylist, Nicola Formichetti's pop-up shop|first=Harper's BAZAAR|last=UK|date=August 25, 2011|website=Harper's BAZAAR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://architizer.com/projects/nicola-formichetti-concept-store-at-lane-crawford-hong-kong/|title=Nicola Formichetti Concept Store at Lane Crawford Hong Kong|date=August 30, 2012|website=Architizer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/makeup/a18919832/mac-nicopanda-collection-uk/|title=MAC is releasing a panda-themed makeup collection|first=Laura|last=Capon|date=February 28, 2018|website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref>
He has designed a series of retail stores for fashion designer Nicola Formichetti in New York City, Hong Kong, and Beijing, which showcased selected outfits from Lady Gaga. This series of projects led to his later collaboration with Formichetti on both an outfit for Lady Gaga and a line of cosmetic products for MAC Cosmetics which were sold internationally.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/guides/fallpreview/2011/shopping/nicola-formichetti-pop-up/|title=Lady Gaga Stylist Nicola Formichetti on His Pop-Up Shop - Fall Preview 2011 -- New York Magazine - Nymag|website=New York Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harpersbazaar.co.uk/fashion/fashion-news/Nicola-Formichetti-popup-store-250811|title=First look at Gaga's stylist, Nicola Formichetti's pop-up shop|first=Harper's BAZAAR|last=UK|date=August 25, 2011|website=Harper's BAZAAR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://architizer.com/projects/nicola-formichetti-concept-store-at-lane-crawford-hong-kong/|title=Nicola Formichetti Concept Store at Lane Crawford Hong Kong|date=August 30, 2012|website=Architizer}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/beauty-hair/makeup/a18919832/mac-nicopanda-collection-uk/|title=MAC is releasing a panda-themed makeup collection|first=Laura|last=Capon|date=February 28, 2018|website=Cosmopolitan}}</ref>
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Gage's work has been exhibited in numerous museums internationally including the MoMA,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfga.com/copy-of-parametric-walls|title=MoMA PS1|website=MFGA 080219}}</ref> The Museum of the Art Institute of Chicago,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artic.edu/exhibitions/613/figuration-in-contemporary-design|title=Figuration in Contemporary Design|website=The Art Institute of Chicago}}</ref> The High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The National Gallery of Art in Japan, The Hiroshima Museum of Contemporary Art,<ref>[http://www.nmao.go.jp/en/exhibition/2020/architect.html]{{dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref> The Frac Center in France, The Franz Mayer Museum in Mexico City, and the Venice, Beijing, and Prague Biennales. His work has been featured in most major architectural publications as well as Vogue,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/thierry-mugler-pop-up-shop|title=Nicola Formichetti's Pop-Up Shop|first=Emily|last=Holt|website=Vogue}}</ref> Newsweek,<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/2014/01/03/beyond-glass-and-steel-244974.html]{{dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref> Fast Company, Wired, USA Today, The New York Times, New York Magazine,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2017/12/architect-plans-new-york-city.html|title=9 Top Architects Share Their Dream Projects to Improve (or Save) New York City|first=Carl|last=Swanson|date=December 28, 2017|website=Intelligencer}}</ref> Harper's Bazaar, Surface, and a recent twenty-five page feature in A+U.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://au-magazine.com/shop/architecture-and-urbanism/au-201705/|title=a+u 2017:05 - Emerging Architects in USA &#124; Architecture and Urbanism (a+u)|website=a+u Architecture and Urbanism Magazine}}</ref> Television coverage of his work has aired on PBS, Fox, and MTV, and he was recently the subject of a documentary segment on the Travel Channel China's program 'Go as Far as You Can' which focuses on international innovators in creative fields.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tc.hnntv.cn//ly/ydyzdy/ydyzdy2016/28917187.shtml|title=有多远走多远2016-19_旅游网视|website=tc.hnntv.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/01/29/arts/openings-outside-tokyo/impossible-architecture-another-history-architecture/|title=Impossible Architecture: Another History of Architecture|first=Yukari|last=Tanaka|date=January 29, 2019|website=The Japan Times}}</ref>
Gage's work has been exhibited in numerous museums internationally including the MoMA,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfga.com/copy-of-parametric-walls|title=MoMA PS1|website=MFGA 080219}}</ref> The Museum of the Art Institute of Chicago,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.artic.edu/exhibitions/613/figuration-in-contemporary-design|title=Figuration in Contemporary Design|website=The Art Institute of Chicago}}</ref> The High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The National Gallery of Art in Japan, The Hiroshima Museum of Contemporary Art,<ref>[http://www.nmao.go.jp/en/exhibition/2020/architect.html]{{dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref> The Frac Center in France, The Franz Mayer Museum in Mexico City, and the Venice, Beijing, and Prague Biennales. His work has been featured in most major architectural publications as well as Vogue,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/thierry-mugler-pop-up-shop|title=Nicola Formichetti's Pop-Up Shop|first=Emily|last=Holt|website=Vogue}}</ref> Newsweek,<ref>[https://www.newsweek.com/2014/01/03/beyond-glass-and-steel-244974.html]{{dead link|date=July 2020}}</ref> Fast Company, Wired, USA Today, The New York Times, New York Magazine,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2017/12/architect-plans-new-york-city.html|title=9 Top Architects Share Their Dream Projects to Improve (or Save) New York City|first=Carl|last=Swanson|date=December 28, 2017|website=Intelligencer}}</ref> Harper's Bazaar, Surface, and a recent twenty-five page feature in A+U.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://au-magazine.com/shop/architecture-and-urbanism/au-201705/|title=a+u 2017:05 - Emerging Architects in USA &#124; Architecture and Urbanism (a+u)|website=a+u Architecture and Urbanism Magazine}}</ref> Television coverage of his work has aired on PBS, Fox, and MTV, and he was recently the subject of a documentary segment on the Travel Channel China's program 'Go as Far as You Can' which focuses on international innovators in creative fields.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://tc.hnntv.cn//ly/ydyzdy/ydyzdy2016/28917187.shtml|title=有多远走多远2016-19_旅游网视|website=tc.hnntv.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2019/01/29/arts/openings-outside-tokyo/impossible-architecture-another-history-architecture/|title=Impossible Architecture: Another History of Architecture|first=Yukari|last=Tanaka|date=January 29, 2019|website=The Japan Times}}</ref>


Gage also writes about architecture and design in both academic and popular formats- including books, magazines, and journal articles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfga.com/writings|title=WRITINGS|website=MFGA 080219}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gage|first=Mark Foster|date=2017||url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26323878}}</ref>
Gage also writes about architecture and design in both academic and popular formats- including books, magazines, and journal articles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mfga.com/writings|title=WRITINGS|website=MFGA 080219}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gage|first=Mark Foster|title=Speculation vs. Indifference|journal=Log|date=2017|issue=40|pages=121–135|jstor=26323878|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26323878}}</ref>


== Projects and Proposals ==
== Projects and Proposals ==
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Also referred to as the Khaleesi Tower, 41 West 57th St is the most famous of Gage’s designs. If completed the tower would stand at an imposing 1,492 feet tall, housing ninety-one residential units across 102 stories. Retail stores, a two-story ballroom, and a restaurant would inhabit a sky lounge located on the sixty-fourth floor. Visitors would not be confined to the indoors, however, as four cantilevered balconies would allow individuals to emerge from the sixty-fourth floor lounge and overlook Central Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=W 57th Street Tower|url=https://www.mfga.com/khaleesi|access-date=2021-04-08|website=MFGA 080219|language=en}}</ref>
Also referred to as the Khaleesi Tower, 41 West 57th St is the most famous of Gage’s designs. If completed the tower would stand at an imposing 1,492 feet tall, housing ninety-one residential units across 102 stories. Retail stores, a two-story ballroom, and a restaurant would inhabit a sky lounge located on the sixty-fourth floor. Visitors would not be confined to the indoors, however, as four cantilevered balconies would allow individuals to emerge from the sixty-fourth floor lounge and overlook Central Park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=W 57th Street Tower|url=https://www.mfga.com/khaleesi|access-date=2021-04-08|website=MFGA 080219|language=en}}</ref>


The location of the proposal is especially interesting with regard to its exterior due to the development of the surrounding area. The Khaleesi Tower, if constructed, would be one of many luxury residential towers built in Midtown Manhattan, referred to as [[Billionaires' Row (Manhattan)|Billionaire's Row]]. While the press described the Khaleesi Tower as a “sumptuous crust of carved and gilded forms,” an “acid fever dream,” and “what might happen if Michelangelo was brought back to life and commissioned to design a skyscraper,” the surrounding towers, like [[Rafael Viñoly|Rafael Vinoly]]’s [[432 Park Avenue]] and [[Roger Duffy]]’s [[252 East 57th Street]] have been skewered for their simple designs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-01-25|title=Mark Foster Gage's "Khaleesi" Skyscraper Isn't Quite as Shallow as It Seems|url=https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/mark-foster-gage-khaleesi-skyscraper-not-quite-shallow/|access-date=2021-04-08|website=Metropolis|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=staff/ben-yakas|date=2015-12-12|title=Photos: "The Khaleesi" Is The Acid Fever Dream Skyscraper Proposal NYC Deserves|url=http://gothamist.com/news/photos-the-khaleesi-is-the-acid-fever-dream-skyscraper-proposal-nyc-deserves|access-date=2021-04-08|website=Gothamist|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Michelangelo-on-a-Skyscraper: Mark Foster Gage’s proposal for Manhattan tower|url=https://www.tfod.in/art-design-articles/3522/michelangelo-on-a-skyscraper-mark-foster-gage%E2%80%99s-proposal-for-manhattan-tower|access-date=2021-04-08|website=www.tfod.in}}</ref> Gage himself explained that his design for the Khaleesi Tower was an attempt “to try to find a cure for the bland and featureless modern glass-box structures that you find in nearly all cities worldwide.”<ref>{{Cite web|last=CNN|first=Mark Foster Gage|title=Gothic architecture: Can the 12th-century style radically change how we build today?|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/gothic-architecture-mark-foster-gage/index.html|access-date=2021-04-08|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref>
The location of the proposal is especially interesting with regard to its exterior due to the development of the surrounding area. The Khaleesi Tower, if constructed, would be one of many luxury residential towers built in Midtown Manhattan, referred to as [[Billionaires' Row (Manhattan)|Billionaire's Row]]. While the press described the Khaleesi Tower as a “sumptuous crust of carved and gilded forms,” an “acid fever dream,” and “what might happen if Michelangelo was brought back to life and commissioned to design a skyscraper,” the surrounding towers, like [[Rafael Viñoly|Rafael Vinoly]]’s [[432 Park Avenue]] and [[Roger Duffy]]’s [[252 East 57th Street]] have been skewered for their simple designs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-01-25|title=Mark Foster Gage's "Khaleesi" Skyscraper Isn't Quite as Shallow as It Seems|url=https://www.metropolismag.com/architecture/mark-foster-gage-khaleesi-skyscraper-not-quite-shallow/|access-date=2021-04-08|website=Metropolis|language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=staff/ben-yakas|date=2015-12-12|title=Photos: "The Khaleesi" Is The Acid Fever Dream Skyscraper Proposal NYC Deserves|url=http://gothamist.com/news/photos-the-khaleesi-is-the-acid-fever-dream-skyscraper-proposal-nyc-deserves|access-date=2021-04-08|website=Gothamist|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Michelangelo-on-a-Skyscraper: Mark Foster Gage's proposal for Manhattan tower|url=https://www.tfod.in/art-design-articles/3522/michelangelo-on-a-skyscraper-mark-foster-gage%E2%80%99s-proposal-for-manhattan-tower|access-date=2021-04-08|website=www.tfod.in}}</ref> Gage himself explained that his design for the Khaleesi Tower was an attempt “to try to find a cure for the bland and featureless modern glass-box structures that you find in nearly all cities worldwide.”<ref>{{Cite web|last=CNN|first=Mark Foster Gage|title=Gothic architecture: Can the 12th-century style radically change how we build today?|url=https://www.cnn.com/style/article/gothic-architecture-mark-foster-gage/index.html|access-date=2021-04-08|website=CNN|language=en}}</ref>


==Books==
==Books==

Revision as of 22:00, 8 April 2021

Mark Foster Gage
Born (1973-11-22) November 22, 1973 (age 51)
Omaha, Nebraska
NationalityUnited States
Alma materUniversity of Notre Dame (1997), Yale University (2001)
OccupationArchitect
PracticeMark Foster Gage Architects
BuildingsPenkridge Hall, Shropshire England
ProjectsTower on West 57th Street, New York City
DesignOutfit for Lady Gaga
Websitemfga.com

Mark Foster Gage (born November 22, 1973) is an American designer, theoretician, theorist and founder of Mark Foster Gage Architects in New York City.[1][2][3] He is a tenured associate professor and former assistant dean, from 2010-2019, at the Yale University School of Architecture where he has been on the faculty since 2001. His academic expertise is in the field of aesthetic philosophy.[4]

Background and education

Gage holds a B.Arch. with a second major in Art History from the University of Notre Dame and a M.Arch. from Yale University. Gage spent his years as a student surrounded by some of the most notable architects of the twentieth-first century. He was a protegee of Robert A. M. Stern, Frank Gehry’s studio assistant.[5]

Career

Educator: After completing his graduate studies at Yale University in 2001, Mark Foster Gage joined the university’s faculty where he currently holds positions as a tenured Associate Professor of Architecture and an Assistant Dean in the Yale School of Architecture. There he teaches a plethora of upper level design courses and courses on ruination, or the process and implications of architectural decay.[6]

Architect and Thinker: Mark Foster Gage founded Mark Foster Gage Architects in 2002 as a firm dedicated to creating buildings that blend new technologies with novel design practices which place emphasis on sustainability, efficiency, and aesthetics.[7] Gage was described as “the Most Prolific Architect of Buildings That Don't Exist” in the title for a Surface Magazine article on his work and career, a light-hearted jab the architect takes no offense to.[8] Gage often speaks to the fact that the vast majority of his and his firm’s designs go unconstructed, treating the unbuilt as proof that the twenty-first century field of architecture must reexamine its core values.[9][10] In a 2012 press interview with Designers & Books, conducted to promote his then recently published book Aesthetic Theory: Essential Texts for Architecture and Design, Gage refers to himself as being “old-fashioned” due to his beliefs on the relationship between architectural form and symbolic meaning. Gage makes a thinly veiled critique of ‘starchitect’ Santiago Calatrava’s World Trade Center Transportation Hub in New York City when asserting in the same interview that “some of our most celebrated architectural projects are celebrated for reasons that have nothing to do with the building itself—rather, they represent a bird or some other conceptual idea. My book is aimed at challenging the dominant practice of only justifying our work conceptually, in abstract terms.”[11]

Gage actualizes his thoughts about the need to challenge abstraction as the pinnacle of good design through a practice he refers to as kitbashing. Kitbashing typically refers to model train enthusiasts who combine parts from multiple model train kits to create their own unique train; Gage, however, employs the term to refer to the process of combining basic and unrelated figures into cohesive adornments for his buildings. Gage’s dedication to kitbashing is a result of his endevour for bringing the discourse of Object Oriented Ontology into architecture. Gage’s designs are created by compiling images (2-D and 3-D) he and his team find through simple Google searches which he thinks of as a kind of recycling process: giving the images the team kind's new life in his designs.[12]

Gage has been referred to by "The Spectator" magazine (London), as "..the most decoratively radical architect at work today."[13] His most recognized projects include his 2015 proposal for 41 West 57th Street, a 102-story skyscraper that a developer requested, which drew wide attention; however, the developer never built the structure..[14][15][16]

Gage proposed and designed the original Times Square Valentine's Day heart in 2009; a design competition for the Times Square heart has since become an annual event.[17][18]

He has designed a series of retail stores for fashion designer Nicola Formichetti in New York City, Hong Kong, and Beijing, which showcased selected outfits from Lady Gaga. This series of projects led to his later collaboration with Formichetti on both an outfit for Lady Gaga and a line of cosmetic products for MAC Cosmetics which were sold internationally.[19][20][21][22]

Gage's work has been exhibited in numerous museums internationally including the MoMA,[23] The Museum of the Art Institute of Chicago,[24] The High Museum of Art in Atlanta, The National Gallery of Art in Japan, The Hiroshima Museum of Contemporary Art,[25] The Frac Center in France, The Franz Mayer Museum in Mexico City, and the Venice, Beijing, and Prague Biennales. His work has been featured in most major architectural publications as well as Vogue,[26] Newsweek,[27] Fast Company, Wired, USA Today, The New York Times, New York Magazine,[28] Harper's Bazaar, Surface, and a recent twenty-five page feature in A+U.[29] Television coverage of his work has aired on PBS, Fox, and MTV, and he was recently the subject of a documentary segment on the Travel Channel China's program 'Go as Far as You Can' which focuses on international innovators in creative fields.[30][31]

Gage also writes about architecture and design in both academic and popular formats- including books, magazines, and journal articles.[32][33]

Projects and Proposals

Proposal for 41 West 57th St, New York City, New York (2015)

Also referred to as the Khaleesi Tower, 41 West 57th St is the most famous of Gage’s designs. If completed the tower would stand at an imposing 1,492 feet tall, housing ninety-one residential units across 102 stories. Retail stores, a two-story ballroom, and a restaurant would inhabit a sky lounge located on the sixty-fourth floor. Visitors would not be confined to the indoors, however, as four cantilevered balconies would allow individuals to emerge from the sixty-fourth floor lounge and overlook Central Park.[34]

The location of the proposal is especially interesting with regard to its exterior due to the development of the surrounding area. The Khaleesi Tower, if constructed, would be one of many luxury residential towers built in Midtown Manhattan, referred to as Billionaire's Row. While the press described the Khaleesi Tower as a “sumptuous crust of carved and gilded forms,” an “acid fever dream,” and “what might happen if Michelangelo was brought back to life and commissioned to design a skyscraper,” the surrounding towers, like Rafael Vinoly’s 432 Park Avenue and Roger Duffy’s 252 East 57th Street have been skewered for their simple designs.[35] [36][37] Gage himself explained that his design for the Khaleesi Tower was an attempt “to try to find a cure for the bland and featureless modern glass-box structures that you find in nearly all cities worldwide.”[38]

Books

  • Mark Foster Gage: Projects and Provocations (monograph). Rizzoli Press, 2018
  • Designing Social Equality: Architecture, Aesthetics, and the Perception of Democracy. Routledge, 2018
  • Aesthetics Equals Politics: New Discourses Across Art, Architecture and Philosophy. MIT Press, 2019
  • Aesthetic Theory: Essential Texts for Architecture and Design. W. W. Norton & Company, 2011
  • Composites, Surfaces and Software: High Performance Architecture, with Greg Lynn. Yale School of Architecture, 2010

References

  1. ^ "Mark Foster Gage - A Traditional Reflection On The Architecture Of The Future". 4 September 2018.
  2. ^ "Mark Foster Gage". www.architectmagazine.com. Retrieved 2019-03-14.
  3. ^ "Mark Foster Gage designs elaborate skyscraper for New York". Dezeen. 14 December 2015.
  4. ^ "Mark Foster Gage". Yale faculty bio. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  5. ^ "ABOUT". MFGA 080219. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  6. ^ "Mark Foster Gage". Yale Architecture. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  7. ^ "Mark Foster Gage". Yale Architecture. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  8. ^ "Mark Foster Gage is the Most Prolific Architect of Buildings That Don't Exist". SURFACE. 2019-12-13. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  9. ^ Architecture that Challenges your Concept of Reality | Mark Foster Gage | TEDxMidAtlantic, retrieved 2021-04-08
  10. ^ CNN, Mark Foster Gage. "Gothic architecture: Can the 12th-century style radically change how we build today?". CNN. Retrieved 2021-04-08. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  11. ^ "Author Q&A with Mark Foster Gage: Aesthetic Theory". Designers & Books. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  12. ^ "Helsinki Guggenheim Museum". MFGA 080219. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  13. ^ Meades, Jonathan (2019-04-25). "What next for Notre Dame?". The Spectator. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
  14. ^ Tucker, Emma (14 December 2015). "Mark Foster Gage Proposes". de zeen. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  15. ^ Mafi, Nick (14 December 2015). "New York City's Latest Proposed Skyscraper Is Not What You Would Expect". Architectural Digest. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  16. ^ "Imagine If This Ornate 102-Story Tower Rose On 57th Street". CurbedNY. 15 December 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
  17. ^ Lee, Jennifer (10 February 2009). "The Pulsing Heart of Times Square". New York Times. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  18. ^ Johnson, Sara (13 February 2014). "6 Years of Times Square Valentines". Architect. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  19. ^ "Lady Gaga Stylist Nicola Formichetti on His Pop-Up Shop - Fall Preview 2011 -- New York Magazine - Nymag". New York Magazine.
  20. ^ UK, Harper's BAZAAR (August 25, 2011). "First look at Gaga's stylist, Nicola Formichetti's pop-up shop". Harper's BAZAAR.
  21. ^ "Nicola Formichetti Concept Store at Lane Crawford Hong Kong". Architizer. August 30, 2012.
  22. ^ Capon, Laura (February 28, 2018). "MAC is releasing a panda-themed makeup collection". Cosmopolitan.
  23. ^ "MoMA PS1". MFGA 080219.
  24. ^ "Figuration in Contemporary Design". The Art Institute of Chicago.
  25. ^ [1][dead link‍]
  26. ^ Holt, Emily. "Nicola Formichetti's Pop-Up Shop". Vogue.
  27. ^ [2][dead link‍]
  28. ^ Swanson, Carl (December 28, 2017). "9 Top Architects Share Their Dream Projects to Improve (or Save) New York City". Intelligencer.
  29. ^ "a+u 2017:05 - Emerging Architects in USA | Architecture and Urbanism (a+u)". a+u Architecture and Urbanism Magazine.
  30. ^ "有多远走多远2016-19_旅游网视". tc.hnntv.cn.
  31. ^ Tanaka, Yukari (January 29, 2019). "Impossible Architecture: Another History of Architecture". The Japan Times.
  32. ^ "WRITINGS". MFGA 080219.
  33. ^ Gage, Mark Foster (2017). "Speculation vs. Indifference". Log (40): 121–135. JSTOR 26323878.
  34. ^ "W 57th Street Tower". MFGA 080219. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  35. ^ "Mark Foster Gage's "Khaleesi" Skyscraper Isn't Quite as Shallow as It Seems". Metropolis. 2016-01-25. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  36. ^ staff/ben-yakas (2015-12-12). "Photos: "The Khaleesi" Is The Acid Fever Dream Skyscraper Proposal NYC Deserves". Gothamist. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  37. ^ "Michelangelo-on-a-Skyscraper: Mark Foster Gage's proposal for Manhattan tower". www.tfod.in. Retrieved 2021-04-08.
  38. ^ CNN, Mark Foster Gage. "Gothic architecture: Can the 12th-century style radically change how we build today?". CNN. Retrieved 2021-04-08. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
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