Triconodontidae: Difference between revisions
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* {{Extinct}}''[[Eotriconodon]]'' |
* {{Extinct}}''[[Eotriconodon]]'' |
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* {{Extinct}}''[[Indotriconodon]]''?<ref name=Indo>{{cite journal |last1=Bajpai |first1=Sunil |last2=Rautela |first2=Abhay |last3=Yadav |first3=Ravi |last4=Mantilla |first4=Gregory P. Wilson |title=The first eutriconodontan mammal from the Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of India |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |date=29 February 2024 |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1080/02724634.2024.2312234 }}</ref> |
* {{Extinct}}''[[Indotriconodon]]''?<ref name=Indo>{{cite journal |last1=Bajpai |first1=Sunil |last2=Rautela |first2=Abhay |last3=Yadav |first3=Ravi |last4=Mantilla |first4=Gregory P. Wilson |title=The first eutriconodontan mammal from the Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of India |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |date=29 February 2024 |volume= 43|issue= 4|pages= |doi=10.1080/02724634.2024.2312234 }}</ref> |
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* {{Extinct}}''[[Priacodon]]'' |
* {{Extinct}}''[[Priacodon]]'' |
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* {{Extinct}}''[[Triconodon]]'' {{Small|([[type genus|type]])}} |
* {{Extinct}}''[[Triconodon]]'' {{Small|([[type genus|type]])}} |
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'''Triconodontidae''' is an extinct [[Family (biology)|family]] of small, [[carnivorous]] [[mammal]]s belonging to the order [[Eutriconodonta]], endemic to what would become [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America]] and probably also [[Africa]] and [[South America]]<ref name="Gaetano2011" /><ref name="Gaetano2012">{{cite journal |last1=Gaetano |first1=L. C. |last2=Rougier |first2=G. W. |year=2012 |title=First Amphilestid from South America: A Molariform from the Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=235–248 |doi=10.1007/s10914-012-9194-1 |s2cid=254698557 |hdl=11336/68489 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> during the [[Jurassic]] through [[Cretaceous]] periods at least from 190–66 [[Annum|mya]].<ref name="Butler2016">{{cite journal |last1=Butler |first1=P. M. |last2=Sigogneau-Russell |first2=D. |title=Diversity of triconodonts in the Middle Jurassic of Great Britain |journal=Palaeontologia Polonica |date=2016 |volume=67 |pages=35–65 |doi=10.4202/pp.2016.67_035 |doi-broken-date= |
'''Triconodontidae''' is an extinct [[Family (biology)|family]] of small, [[carnivorous]] [[mammal]]s belonging to the order [[Eutriconodonta]], endemic to what would become [[Asia]], [[Europe]], [[North America]] and probably also [[Africa]] and [[South America]]<ref name="Gaetano2011" /><ref name="Gaetano2012">{{cite journal |last1=Gaetano |first1=L. C. |last2=Rougier |first2=G. W. |year=2012 |title=First Amphilestid from South America: A Molariform from the Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=19 |issue=4 |pages=235–248 |doi=10.1007/s10914-012-9194-1 |s2cid=254698557 |hdl=11336/68489 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> during the [[Jurassic]] through [[Cretaceous]] periods at least from 190–66 [[Annum|mya]].<ref name="Butler2016">{{cite journal |last1=Butler |first1=P. M. |last2=Sigogneau-Russell |first2=D. |title=Diversity of triconodonts in the Middle Jurassic of Great Britain |journal=Palaeontologia Polonica |date=2016 |volume=67 |pages=35–65 |doi=10.4202/pp.2016.67_035 |doi-broken-date=2024-09-18 |url=http://www.palaeontologia.pan.pl/PP67/Butler.pdf}}</ref><ref name=Indo/> |
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Triconodontids can be distinguished from other eutriconodonts by the shape of their [[molar (tooth)|molars]], which bore three main [[cusp (anatomy)|cusps]] of roughly equal size. During [[Occlusion (dentistry)|occlusion]], the upper and lower molars interlocked tightly, producing a self-sharpening cutting edge. Historically, the triconodontids were thought to have a different occlusion pattern than other eutriconodonts, with the middle cusp of the lower molar (cusp a) fitting between the middle cusp (cusp A) and the front cusp (cusp B) of the upper molar, as in the basal [[mammaliaform]] ''[[Morganucodon]]''.<ref name="Butler2016" /> However, a 2020 study on ''[[Priacodon]]'' suggests that triconodontids occluded their molars in the same manner as other eutriconodonts (so-called "embrasure occlusion"), with the middle cusp (cusp A/a) fitting between two opposing molars.<ref name="Jäger2020">{{cite journal |last1=Jäger |first1=K. R. K. |last2=Cifelli |first2=R. L. |last3=Martin |first3=T. |title=Molar occlusion and jaw roll in early crown mammals |journal=Scientific Reports |date=2020 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=22378 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-79159-4|pmid=33361774 |pmc=7759581 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1022378J |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
Triconodontids can be distinguished from other eutriconodonts by the shape of their [[molar (tooth)|molars]], which bore three main [[cusp (anatomy)|cusps]] of roughly equal size. During [[Occlusion (dentistry)|occlusion]], the upper and lower molars interlocked tightly, producing a self-sharpening cutting edge. Historically, the triconodontids were thought to have a different occlusion pattern than other eutriconodonts, with the middle cusp of the lower molar (cusp a) fitting between the middle cusp (cusp A) and the front cusp (cusp B) of the upper molar, as in the basal [[mammaliaform]] ''[[Morganucodon]]''.<ref name="Butler2016" /> However, a 2020 study on ''[[Priacodon]]'' suggests that triconodontids occluded their molars in the same manner as other eutriconodonts (so-called "embrasure occlusion"), with the middle cusp (cusp A/a) fitting between two opposing molars.<ref name="Jäger2020">{{cite journal |last1=Jäger |first1=K. R. K. |last2=Cifelli |first2=R. L. |last3=Martin |first3=T. |title=Molar occlusion and jaw roll in early crown mammals |journal=Scientific Reports |date=2020 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=22378 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-79159-4|pmid=33361774 |pmc=7759581 |bibcode=2020NatSR..1022378J |doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 17:55, 18 September 2024
| Triconodontidae Temporal range: Middle Jurassic - Late Cretaceous,
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|---|---|
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| Triconodon mordax jaw, Richard Owen 1861 | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | †Eutriconodonta |
| Family: | †Triconodontidae Marsh, 1887 |
| Subgroups | |
| |
Triconodontidae is an extinct family of small, carnivorous mammals belonging to the order Eutriconodonta, endemic to what would become Asia, Europe, North America and probably also Africa and South America[2][3] during the Jurassic through Cretaceous periods at least from 190–66 mya.[4][1]
Triconodontids can be distinguished from other eutriconodonts by the shape of their molars, which bore three main cusps of roughly equal size. During occlusion, the upper and lower molars interlocked tightly, producing a self-sharpening cutting edge. Historically, the triconodontids were thought to have a different occlusion pattern than other eutriconodonts, with the middle cusp of the lower molar (cusp a) fitting between the middle cusp (cusp A) and the front cusp (cusp B) of the upper molar, as in the basal mammaliaform Morganucodon.[4] However, a 2020 study on Priacodon suggests that triconodontids occluded their molars in the same manner as other eutriconodonts (so-called "embrasure occlusion"), with the middle cusp (cusp A/a) fitting between two opposing molars.[5]
Taxonomy
Triconodontidae was named by Marsh (1887). It was assigned to Polyprotodontia by Cope (1889); to Triconodonta by Rasmussen and Callison (1981), Bonaparte (1986), Carroll (1988) and Engelmann and Callison (1998); and to Mammalia by Marsh (1887) and Luo et al. (2001).[6]
Sometimes Volaticotheria is recovered as a part of this group.[2] However, other phylogenetic studies group it outside of Triconodontidae.[7][8]
Phylogeny
Cladogram after Gaetano & Rougier, 2011:[2]
| Triconodontidae | |
References
- ^ a b Bajpai, Sunil; Rautela, Abhay; Yadav, Ravi; Mantilla, Gregory P. Wilson (29 February 2024). "The first eutriconodontan mammal from the Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of India". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 43 (4). doi:10.1080/02724634.2024.2312234.
- ^ a b c Gaetano, L. C.; Rougier, G. W. (2011). "New materials of Argentoconodon fariasorum (Mammaliaformes, Triconodontidae) from the Jurassic of Argentina and its bearing on triconodont phylogeny". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (4): 829–843. Bibcode:2011JVPal..31..829G. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.589877. hdl:11336/68497. S2CID 85069761.
- ^ Gaetano, L. C.; Rougier, G. W. (2012). "First Amphilestid from South America: A Molariform from the Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 19 (4): 235–248. doi:10.1007/s10914-012-9194-1. hdl:11336/68489. S2CID 254698557.
- ^ a b Butler, P. M.; Sigogneau-Russell, D. (2016). "Diversity of triconodonts in the Middle Jurassic of Great Britain" (PDF). Palaeontologia Polonica. 67: 35–65. doi:10.4202/pp.2016.67_035 (inactive 2024-09-18).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (link) - ^ Jäger, K. R. K.; Cifelli, R. L.; Martin, T. (2020). "Molar occlusion and jaw roll in early crown mammals". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 22378. Bibcode:2020NatSR..1022378J. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-79159-4. PMC 7759581. PMID 33361774.
- ^ Luo, Z.-X.; Crompton, A. W.; Sun, A.-L. (2001). "A new mammaliaform from the Early Jurassic and evolution of mammalian characteristics". Science. 292 (5521): 1535–1540. Bibcode:2001Sci...292.1535L. doi:10.1126/science.1058476. PMID 11375489. S2CID 8738213.
- ^ Martin, T.; Marugán-Lobón, J.; Vullo, R.; Martín-Abad, H.; Luo, Z.-X.; Buscalioni, A. D. (2015). "A Cretaceous eutriconodont and integument evolution in early mammals". Nature. 526 (7573): 380–384. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..380M. doi:10.1038/nature14905. hdl:10486/710730. PMID 26469049. S2CID 205245235.
- ^ Averianov, A. O.; Lopatin, A. V. (2011). "Phylogeny of triconodonts and symmetrodonts and the origin of extant mammals". Doklady Biological Sciences. 436 (1): 32–35. doi:10.1134/s0012496611010042. PMID 21374009. S2CID 10324906.
Categories:
- CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024
- Triconodontidae
- Prehistoric mammal families
- Middle Jurassic first appearances
- Late Cretaceous extinctions
- Jurassic mammals of Africa
- Cretaceous mammals of Africa
- Jurassic mammals of Asia
- Cretaceous mammals of Asia
- Jurassic mammals of Europe
- Cretaceous mammals of Europe
- Jurassic mammals of North America
- Cretaceous mammals of North America
- Jurassic mammals of South America
- Cretaceous mammals of South America
- Taxa named by Othniel Charles Marsh