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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{pp-sock|small=yes}}
{{Year in Germany|1885}}
{{Year in Germany|1885}}
Events in the year '''1885 in [[Germany]]'''.
Events in the year '''1885 in [[Germany]]'''.
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==Incumbents==
==Incumbents==
===National level===
===National level===
* [[Kaiser]] — [[William I, German Emperor|William I]]
* [[Kaiser]] – [[William I, German Emperor|William I]]
* [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]] — [[Otto von Bismarck]]
* [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]] – [[Otto von Bismarck]]


===State level===
===State level===
====Kingdoms====
====Kingdoms====
* [[King of Bavaria]] — [[Ludwig II of Bavaria]]
* [[King of Bavaria]] – [[Ludwig II of Bavaria|Ludwig II]]
* [[List of rulers of Prussia|King of Prussia]] — Kaiser William I
* [[List of rulers of Prussia|King of Prussia]] – William I
* [[King of Saxony]] — [[Albert of Saxony]]
* [[King of Saxony]] – [[Albert, King of Saxony|Albert]]
* [[King of Württemberg]] — [[Charles I of Württemberg]]
* [[King of Württemberg]] – [[Charles I of Württemberg|Charles]]


====Grand Duchies====
====Grand Duchies====
* [[Grand Duke of Baden]] — [[Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden|Frederick I]]
* [[Grand Duke of Baden]] – [[Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden|Frederick I]]
* [[Grand Duke of Hesse]] — [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse|Louis IV]]
* [[Grand Duke of Hesse]] – [[Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse|Louis IV]]
* [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]] — [[Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg|Frederick Francis II]]
* [[Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin|Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]] – [[Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg|Frederick Francis II]]
* [[Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] — [[Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg|Frederick William]]
* [[Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]] – [[Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg|Frederick William]]
* [[Grand Duke of Oldenburg]] — [[Peter II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg|Peter II]]
* [[Grand Duke of Oldenburg]] – [[Peter II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg|Peter II]]
* [[Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] — [[Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Charles Alexander]]
* [[Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]] – [[Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Charles Alexander]]


====Principalities====
====Principalities====
* [[Schaumburg-Lippe]] — [[Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe]]
* [[Schaumburg-Lippe]] – [[Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe]]
* [[Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]] — [[George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]]
* [[Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]] – [[George Albert, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]]
* [[Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] — [[Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]]
* [[Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]] – [[Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen]]
* [[Principality of Lippe]] — [[Woldemar, Prince of Lippe]]
* [[Principality of Lippe]] – [[Woldemar, Prince of Lippe]]
* [[Reuss Elder Line]] — [[Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz]]
* [[Reuss Elder Line]] – [[Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of Greiz]]
* [[Reuss Younger Line]] — [[Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line]]
* [[Reuss Younger Line]] – [[Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line]]
* [[Waldeck (state)|Waldeck and Pyrmont]] — [[George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont]]
* [[Waldeck (state)|Waldeck and Pyrmont]] – [[George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont]]


====Duchies====
====Duchies====
* [[Duke of Anhalt]] — [[Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt]]
* [[Duke of Anhalt]] – [[Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt]]
* [[Duke of Brunswick]] — — [[Prince Albert of Prussia (1837–1906)|Prince Albert of Prussia]] ''(regent, appointed in 1885)''
* [[Duke of Brunswick]] – [[Prince Albert of Prussia (1837–1906)|Prince Albert of Prussia]] ''(regent, appointed in 1885)''
* [[Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]] — [[Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]]
* [[Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]] – [[Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg]]
* [[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] — [[Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
* [[Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] – [[Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]
* [[Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]] — [[Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]
* [[Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]] – [[Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen]]


====Colonial Governors====
====Colonial Governors====
* [[Kamerun|Cameroon]] (Kamerun) — [[Maximilian Buchner]] ''(acting commissioner)'' to 1 April, then [[Eduard von Knorr]] ''(acting commissioner)'' to 4 July, then [[Julius Freiherr von Soden]] ''(governor)'' ''(1st term)''
* [[Kamerun|Cameroon]] (Kamerun) – [[Maximilian Buchner]] ''(acting commissioner)'' to 1 April, then [[Eduard von Knorr]] ''(acting commissioner)'' to 4 July, then [[Julius Freiherr von Soden]] ''(governor)'' ''(1st term)''
* [[German East Africa]] (Deutsch-Ostafrika) from 27 May — [[Karl Peters]] ''(administrator)''
* [[German East Africa]] (Deutsch-Ostafrika) from 27 May – [[Karl Peters]] ''(administrator)''
* [[German New Guinea]] (Deutsch-Neuguinea) — [[Gustav von Oertzen]] ''(commissioner, appointed in 1885)''
* [[German New Guinea]] (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – [[Gustav von Oertzen]] ''(commissioner, appointed in 1885)''
* [[German South-West Africa]] (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) — [[Gustav Nachtigal]] ''(commissioner)'' to May 1885, then [[Heinrich Ernst Göring]] ''(acting commissioner)''
* [[German South-West Africa]] (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – [[Gustav Nachtigal]] ''(commissioner)'' to May 1885, then [[Heinrich Ernst Göring]] ''(acting commissioner)''
* [[Togoland]] — [[Heinrich Randad]] ''(provisional consul)'' to 26 June, then [[Ernst Falkenthal]] ''(commissioner)''
* [[Togoland]] – [[Heinrich Randad]] ''(provisional consul)'' to 26 June, then [[Ernst Falkenthal]] ''(commissioner)''
* [[Wituland]] (Deutsch-Witu) from 8 April — [[Gustav Denhardt]] ''(resident)''
* [[Wituland]] (Deutsch-Witu) from 8 April – [[Gustav Denhardt]] ''(resident)''


==Events==
==Events==
{{Expand section|date=October 2011}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2011}}
* 17 February — German government grants an imperial charter to [[Carl Peters]] for establishment of a protectorate in [[German East Africa|East Africa]].
* [[17 February]] – German government grants an imperial charter to [[Carl Peters]] for establishment of a protectorate in [[German East Africa|East Africa]].
* 26 February — The final act of the [[Berlin Conference, 1884-85|Berlin Conference]] regulates European colonization and trade in Africa.
* [[26 February]] – The final act of the [[Berlin Conference, 1884-85|Berlin Conference]] regulates European colonization and trade in Africa.
* 26 March — [[Prussian deportations]]: the [[Prussia]]n government orders the expulsion of all ethnic [[Polish people|Poles]] and [[Jews]] holding [[Russian Empire|Russian]] citizenship, later extended to include Polish [[Austria-Hungary|Austrian]] citizens. More than 30,000 people are forced across the border.
* [[26 March]] – [[Prussian deportations]]: the [[Prussia]]n government orders the expulsion of all ethnic [[Polish people|Poles]] and [[Jews]] holding [[Russian Empire|Russian]] citizenship, later extended to include Polish [[Austria-Hungary|Austrian]] citizens. More than 30,000 people are forced across the border.
* 3 April — [[Gottlieb Daimler]] is granted a German patent for his 1-cylinder [[water-cooled]] [[engine]] design.
* [[3 April]] – [[Gottlieb Daimler]] is granted a German patent for his 1-cylinder [[water-cooled]] [[engine]] design.
* 8 April — The sultan of [[Wituland|Witu]], cedes 25 square miles of territory to German brothers [[Clemens Denhardt|Clemens]] and [[Gustav Denhardt]], which becames the first German territory in [[Wituland]].<ref name="afrol">[http://www.afrol.com/features/10597 German Wituland, a colonial rarity] ''Afrol News'', retrieved 28 October 2011</ref>
* [[8 April]] – The sultan of [[Wituland|Witu]] cedes 25 square miles of territory to German brothers [[Clemens Denhardt|Clemens]] and [[Gustav Denhardt]], which becomes the first German territory in [[Wituland]].<ref name="afrol">[http://www.afrol.com/features/10597 German Wituland, a colonial rarity] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040407001049/http://www.afrol.com/features/10597 |date=2004-04-07 }} ''Afrol News'', retrieved 28 October 2011</ref>
* 27 May — The remainder of the [[Wituland]] becames the German [[Protectorate]] of Wituland (''Deutsch-Witu'').<ref name="afrol"/>
* [[27 May]] – The remainder of the [[Wituland]] becomes the German [[Protectorate]] of Wituland (''Deutsch-Witu'').<ref name="afrol"/>


=== Date unknown ===
=== Undated ===
[[File:1885Benz.jpg|thumb|200px|right| The [[Benz Patent Motorwagen]] was built in 1885]]
[[File:1885Benz.jpg|thumb|200px|right| The [[Benz Patent Motorwagen]] was built in 1885]]
[[File:ZweiRadMuseumNSU Reitwagen.JPG|right|thumb|The ''[[Daimler Reitwagen|Reitwagen]]'' (riding car), the first internal combustion motorcycle (1885)]]
* [[Karl Benz]] produces the [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]], regarded as the first [[automobile]] (patented and publicly launched the following year).<ref>{{cite book|last=Benz|first=Carl Friedrich|year=1925|title=Lebensfahrt eines deutschen erfinders; erinnerungen eines achtzigjahrigen|location=Leipzig|publisher=Koehler & Amelang}}</ref>
* [[Karl Benz]] produces the [[Benz Patent-Motorwagen]], regarded as the first [[automobile]] (patented and publicly launched the following year).<ref>{{cite book|last=Benz|first=Carl Friedrich|year=1925|title=Lebensfahrt eines deutschen erfinders; erinnerungen eines achtzigjahrigen|location=Leipzig|publisher=Koehler & Amelang}}</ref>
* [[Gottlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] produce the [[Daimler Reitwagen]], regarded as the first [[motorcycle]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Classic motorcycles|first=Mark|last=Gardiner|publisher=MetroBooks|year=1997|isbn=1-56799-460-1|page=16}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Roland|year=2005|title=The Ultimate History of Fast Motorcycles|publisher=Parragon|isbn=1-4054-5466-0|location=Bath|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Ultimate Motorcycle Book|first=Hugo|last=Wilson|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|year=1993|isbn=1-56458-303-1|pages=8–9}}</ref>
* [[Gottlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] produce the [[Daimler Reitwagen]], regarded as the first [[motorcycle]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Classic motorcycles|first=Mark|last=Gardiner|publisher=MetroBooks|year=1997|isbn=1-56799-460-1|page=16}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Roland|year=2005|title=The Ultimate History of Fast Motorcycles|publisher=Parragon|isbn=1-4054-5466-0|location=Bath|page=6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Ultimate Motorcycle Book|first=Hugo|last=Wilson|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|year=1993|isbn=1-56458-303-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/ultimatemotorcyc0000wils/page/8 8–9]|url=https://archive.org/details/ultimatemotorcyc0000wils/page/8}}</ref>


==Births==
==Births==
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2011}}
* [[2 January]] – [[Anna Hübler]], German pair skater (died [[1976 in Germany|1976]])
{{div col|2}}
* 27 January — [[Eduard Künneke]], German composer (died 1953)
* [[17 January]] – [[Nikolaus von Falkenhorst]], German general (died [[1968 in Germany|1968]])
* 1 February — [[Friedrich Kellner]], German diarist, (died 1970)
* [[27 January]] – [[Eduard Künneke]], German composer (died [[1953 in Germany|1953]])
* 14 May — [[Otto Klemperer]], German conductor (died 1973)
* [[1 February]] – [[Friedrich Kellner]], German diarist (died [[1970 in Germany|1970]])
* [[7 February]] – [[Hugo Sperrle]], German field marshal of Luftwaffe (died [[1953 in Germany|1953]])
* 21 May — [[Sophie of Schönburg-Waldenburg]], German-born consort of [[William, Prince of Albania|William of Wied, Prince of Albania]] (died 1936, Romania)
* 8 July - [[Hugo Boss (fashion designer)|Hugo Boss]], German fashion designer (died [[1948 in Germany|1948]])
* [[11 March]] – [[Hans Leibelt]], German film actor (died [[1974 in Germany|1974]])
* [[7 April]] – [[Walther Schwieger]], German U-boat commander of [[SM U-20 (Germany)|U-20]], which sank the ''[[RMS Lusitania|Lusitania]]'' (died [[1917]])
⚫
* 20 November — [[Heinrich Brüning]], [[Chancellor of Germany]] 1930-1932 (died [[1970 in the United States|1970]], United States)
* 25 December — [[Albert Betz]], German physicist and a pioneer of wind turbine technology. (died [[1968 in Germany|1968]])
* [[12 April]] – [[Hermann Hoth]], German general (died [[1971 in Germany|1971]])
* [[18 April]] – [[Claus Bergen]], German painter (died [[1964 in Germany|1964]])

* [[14 May]] – [[Otto Klemperer]], German conductor (died [[1973]])
⚫
{{div col end}}
* [[21 May]] – [[Sophie of Schönburg-Waldenburg]], German-born Albanian noblewoman (died [[1936]])
* [[2 June]] – [[Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt]], German neuropathologist (died [[1964 in Germany|1964]])
* [[9 June]] – [[Carl Hoffmann]], German film director (died [[1947 in Germany|1947]])
* [[30 June]] – [[Heinrich Schomburgk]], German tennis player (died [[1965 in Germany|1965]])
* [[6 July]] – [[Ernst Busch (field marshal)|Ernst Busch]], German field marshal (died [[1945 in Germany|1945]])
* [[8 July]] – [[Ernst Bloch]], German philosopher (died [[1977 in Germany|1977]])
* [[8 July]]
** [[Hugo Boss (fashion designer)|Hugo Boss]], German fashion designer (died [[1948 in Germany|1948]])
** [[Paul Leni]], German film director (died [[1929 in the United States|1929]])
* [[24 July]] – [[Paul von Hase]], German soldier (died [[1944 in Germany|1944]])
* [[9 August]] – [[Hans Lachmann-Mosse]], German publisher (died [[1944 in the United States|1944]])
* [[7 September]]
** [[Eleonore Baur]], German Nazi, only woman to participate in Munich [[Beer Hall Putsch]] (died [[1981 in Germany|1981]])
** [[Franz Eichhorst]], German painter (died [[1948 in Austria|1948]])
* [[9 September]] – [[Paul Henckels]], German actor (died [[1967 in Germany|1967]])
* [[14 September]] – [[Carl de Vogt]], German actor (died [[1970 in Germany|1970]])
* [[1 November]] – [[Anton Flettner]], German aviation engineer and inventor (died [[1961 in the United States|1961]])
* [[8 November]] – [[Emil Fahrenkamp]], German architect (died [[1966 in Germany|1966]])
* [[9 November]] – [[Julius Ebbinghaus]], German philosopher (died [[1981 in Germany|1981]])
* [[24 November]] – [[Rudolf Klein-Rogge]], German actor (died [[1955 in Germany|1955]])
⚫
* [[26 November]] – [[Heinrich Brüning]], German politician and former [[Chancellor of Germany]] (died [[1970 in the United States|1970]])
* [[30 November]] – [[Albert Kesselring]], German Generalfeldmarshal of Luftwaffe (died [[1960 in Germany|1960]])
* [[17 December]] – [[Theodor Steltzer]], German politician (died [[1967 in Germany|1967]])
* [[25 December]]
** [[Albert Betz]], German physicist and a pioneer of wind turbine technology (died [[1968 in Germany|1968]])
** [[Angela Zigahl]], German teacher and politician (died [[1955 in Germany|1955]])
⚫
{{col end}}


==Deaths==
==Deaths==
{{Expand section|date=October 2011}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2011}}
{{div col|2}}
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[12 January]] – [[Prince August of Württemberg]], German nobleman and general in Army of Kingdom Württemberg (born [[1813 in Germany|1813]])
⚫
* 17 June — [[Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel]], German field marshal (born 1809)
* [[22 February]] – [[Carl Scheppig]], German architect (born [[1803 in Germany|1803]])
* [[21 March]] – [[Franz Abt]], German composer and choral conductor (born [[1819 in Germany|1819]])
* [[6 April]] – [[Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein]], Prussian general (born [[1797 in Germany|1797]])
* [[7 April]] – [[Karl Theodor Ernst von Siebold]], German physiologist and zoologist (born [[1804 in Germany|1804]])
* [[2 June]] – [[Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (died 1885)|Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern]], head of the Princely House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Hohenzollern from 1869 and Prime Minister of Prussia (born [[1811 in Germany|1811]])
* [[15 June]] – [[Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828–1885)|Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia]], Prussian nobleman (born [[1828 in Germany|1828]])
* [[16 June]] – [[Wilhelm Camphausen]], German painter (born [[1818 in Germany|1818]])
⚫
* [[17 June]] – [[Edwin Freiherr von Manteuffel]], German field marshal (born [[1809 in Germany|1809]])
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}

* [[24 August]] – [[Eduard Riedel]], German architect (born [[1813 in Germany|1813]])
* [[17 September]] – [[Gustav Becker]], German clockmaker (born [[1819 in Germany|1819]])
* [[23 September]] – [[Carl Spitzweg]], German painter (born [[1808 in Germany|1808]])
* [[17 November]] – [[Gustav Seyffarth]], German egyptologist (born [[1796 in Germany|1796]])
* [[6 December]] – [[Robert Gerwig]], German civil engineer and politician (born [[1820 in Germany|1820]])
* [[9 December]] – [[Hermann Heinrich Becker (politician)|Hermann Heinrich Becker]], German politician (born [[1820 in Germany|1820]])


==References==
==References==
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{{Germany year nav}}
{{Germany year nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1885}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:1885 In Germany}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1885 In Germany}}
[[Category:1885 in Germany| ]]
[[Category:1885 in Germany| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Germany]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Germany]]
[[Category:1885 by country]]
[[Category:1885 by country|Germany]]
[[Category:1885 in Europe]]
[[Category:1885 in Europe|Germany]]

Latest revision as of 23:25, 15 September 2024

←

1885
in
Germany

→

Decades:
See also:Other events of 1885
History of Germany  • Timeline  • Years

Events in the year 1885 in Germany.

Incumbents

National level

State level

Kingdoms

Grand Duchies

Principalities

Duchies

Colonial Governors

Events

Undated

The Benz Patent Motorwagen was built in 1885
The Reitwagen (riding car), the first internal combustion motorcycle (1885)

Births

|}

Deaths

References

  1. ^ a b German Wituland, a colonial rarity Archived 2004-04-07 at the Wayback Machine Afrol News, retrieved 28 October 2011
  2. ^ Benz, Carl Friedrich (1925). Lebensfahrt eines deutschen erfinders; erinnerungen eines achtzigjahrigen. Leipzig: Koehler & Amelang.
  3. ^ Gardiner, Mark (1997). Classic motorcycles. MetroBooks. p. 16. ISBN 1-56799-460-1.
  4. ^ Brown, Roland (2005). The Ultimate History of Fast Motorcycles. Bath: Parragon. p. 6. ISBN 1-4054-5466-0.
  5. ^ Wilson, Hugo (1993). The Ultimate Motorcycle Book. Dorling Kindersley. pp. 8–9. ISBN 1-56458-303-1.
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