Nagano (city): Difference between revisions
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{{distinguish|Nakano (disambiguation){{!}}Nakano}} |
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{{expand|article|date=November 2007}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
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{{redirect|Nagano}} |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
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{{Infobox City Japan |
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| name = Nagano |
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| native_name = {{nobold|{{lang|ja|長野市}}}} |
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|JapaneseName= 長野 |
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|official_name |
| official_name = |
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|settlement_type= [[Core city]] |
| settlement_type = [[Core cities of Japan|Core city]] |
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<!-- images, nickname, motto --> |
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|ImageSkyline= Downtown Nagano.jpg |
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| image_skyline = Nagano montages.JPG |
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|ImageSize= |
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| imagesize = |
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|ImageCaption= Downtown Nagano |
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| image_alt = |
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|MapImage= Nagano in Nagano Prefecture Ja.svg |
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| image_caption = From top of left, [[Zenkoji]], [[Mount Togakushi]], [[Kinasa, Nagano|Kinasa village]], [[Big Hat|Nagano Big Hat arena]], Aerial in [[Kawanakajima]], {{ill|Susobana Valley|ja|裾花渓谷}}, headquarters of [[Marukome]] (famous miso manufacturing company) in Nagano, [[Imagawayaki|Oyaki Japanese sweets a.k.a Imagawayaki]], {{ill|Togakushi ski resort|ja|戸隠スキー場}}, and [[Matsushiro Castle]] |
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|Region= [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] |
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| image_flag = Flag of Nagano, Nagano.svg |
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|Prefecture= [[Nagano Prefecture]] |
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| flag_alt = |
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|District= |
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| image_seal = Symbol of Nagano Nagano.svg |
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|Area_km2= 737.86 |
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| seal_alt = |
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|PopDate= July 1, 2006 |
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| image_shield = |
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|Population= 378,059 |
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| shield_alt = |
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|Density_km2= |
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| image_blank_emblem = |
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|Coords= |
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| nickname = |
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|LatitudeDegrees= 36 |
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| motto = |
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|LatitudeMinutes= 38 |
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<!-- maps and coordinates --> |
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|LatitudeSeconds= |
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| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-width=265|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=8}} |
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|LongtitudeDegrees= 138 |
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| image_map1 = Nagano in Nagano Prefecture Ja.svg |
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|LongtitudeMinutes= 11 |
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| map_alt = |
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|LongtitudeSeconds= |
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| map_caption = Location of Nagano in Nagano Prefecture |
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|Tree= |
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| pushpin_map = Japan |
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|Flower= |
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| pushpin_label_position = <!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none --> |
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|Bird= |
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| pushpin_map_alt = |
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|SymbolImage= Flag of Nagano, Nagano.png{{!}}border |
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| pushpin_map_caption = |
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|SymbolDescription= Flag |
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| coordinates = {{coord|36|38|55|N|138|11|41|E|region:JP-20|display=it}} |
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|Mayor= Shōichi Washizawa |
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| coor_pinpoint = <!-- to specify exact location of coordinates (was coor_type) --> |
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|CityHallPostalCode= 380-8512 |
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| coordinates_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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|CityHallAddress= 1613 Midori-chō, Nagano-shi, Nagano-ken |
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<!-- location --> |
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|CityHallPhone= 26-226-4911 |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
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|CityHallLink= [http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/ City of Nagano] |
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| subdivision_name = Japan |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[List of regions of Japan|Region]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Chūbu region|Chūbu]] ([[Kōshin'etsu region|Kōshin'etsu]]) |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Nagano Prefecture|Nagano]] |
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| subdivision_type3 = |
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| subdivision_name3 = |
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<!-- established --> |
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| established_title = <!-- Settled --> |
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| established_date = |
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| founder = |
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| named_for = |
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<!-- seat, smaller parts --> |
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| seat_type = <!-- defaults to: Seat --> |
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| seat = |
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<!-- government type, leaders --> |
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| government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| leader_party = |
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| leader_title = Mayor |
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| leader_name = [[Kenji Ogiwara]]<ref>{{cite web |title=歴代長野市長 (trans. Mayors of Nagano City) |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/shicyo/18773.html |website=Nagano City |publisher=Nagano City Official Website |access-date= 17 November 2021 }}</ref> |
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| leader_title1 = |
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| leader_name1 = <!-- etc., up to leader_title4 / leader_name4 --> |
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<!-- display settings --> |
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| total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows --> |
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| unit_pref = <!-- enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric --> |
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<!-- area --> |
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| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink --> |
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| area_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| area_total_km2 = 834.81 |
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| area_land_km2 = |
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| area_water_km2 = |
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| area_water_percent = |
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| area_note = |
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<!-- elevation --> |
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| elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| elevation_m = |
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<!-- population --> |
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| population_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags --> |
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| population_total = 365296 |
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| population_as_of = July 1, 2023 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| population_est = |
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| pop_est_as_of = |
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| population_demonym = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool --> |
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| population_note = |
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<!-- time zone(s) --> |
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| timezone1 = [[Japan Standard Time]] |
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| utc_offset1 = +9 |
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<!-- postal codes, area code --> |
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| postal_code_type = |
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| postal_code = |
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| area_code_type = <!-- defaults to: Area code(s) --> |
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| area_code = |
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<!-- blank fields (section 1) --> |
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| blank_name_sec1 = Phone number |
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| blank_info_sec1 = 026-226-4911 |
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| blank1_name_sec1 = Address |
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| blank1_info_sec1 = 1613 Midori-chō, Nagano-shi, Nagano-ken 380-8512 |
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<!-- blank fields (section 2) --> |
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| blank_name_sec2 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] |
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| blank_info_sec2 = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]/[[Humid continental climate|Dfa]] |
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<!-- website, footnotes --> |
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| website = {{Official|1=http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp}} |
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| footnotes = |
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| module = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes |
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| tree = Japanese Lime (''[[Tilia japonica]]'') |
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| flower = [[Apple]] |
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| bird = |
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| flowering_tree = |
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| butterfly = |
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| fish = |
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| other_symbols = |
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}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{nihongo|'''Nagano'''|長野市|Nagano-shi}}, the capital [[cities of Japan|city]] of [[Nagano Prefecture]], is located in the northern part of the prefecture near the confluence of the [[Chikuma]] and the [[Sai]] rivers, on the main Japanese island of [[Honshū]]. |
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{{Nihongo|'''Nagano'''|長野市|Nagano-shi|extra={{IPA|ja|naganoꜜ ɕi|pron}}<ref>{{cite dictionary |title=ながの |dictionary=NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典 |publisher=[[NHK]]}}</ref>}} is the capital and largest [[Cities of Japan|city]] of [[Nagano Prefecture]], located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central [[Chūbu region]] of [[Japan]]. Nagano is categorized as a [[Core cities of Japan|core city of Japan]]. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of {{convert|371.4|meters}}.<ref>[http://maps.gsi.go.jp/#18/36.651326/138.180805/&base=std&ls=std&disp=1&vs=c1j0h0k0l0u0t0z0r0s0f1 長野県庁(画面左下に標高表示)] - 国土地理院地図</ref> The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is [[Mount Takatsuma]] (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the [[Chikuma River]]—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. {{As of|2023|07|01}}, the city had an estimated [[population]] of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a [[population density]] of 438 persons per km².<ref name=jinkou>{{cite web |script-title=ja:市政情報 > 市の沿革・概要 > 人口・面積・自然 |url=http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/ |language=ja}}</ref> The total area of the city is {{convert|834.81|sqkm|sqmi}}. |
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As of July 1 2006 the city had an estimated [[population]] of 378,059. The total land area is 737.86 km². |
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== |
==Overview== |
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Nagano City, located in the former [[Shinano Province]], developed in the [[Nara period]] (AD 710 to 794) as a temple town (''monzen machi''). The city of Nagano is home to [[Zenkō-ji]], a 7th-century [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] temple that is listed as a [[National Treasure (Japan)|Japanese National Treasure]]. Zenkō-ji was established at its current location in 642 AD. The location of Zenkō-ji is approximately two kilometers from the present-day central [[Nagano Station]]. Between 1553 and 1564, during the [[Sengoku Period]], the Age of Warring States, Nagano was the site of a series of conflicts known as the Battles of Kawanakajima. During the [[Edo period]] (1603 and 1868), as the city developed, Nagano became an important [[Shukuba|post station (shukuba)]] on the [[Hokkoku Kaidō|Hokkoku Kaidō highway]] which connected [[Edo]] (present day Tokyo) with coast of the [[Sea of Japan]]. Following the [[Meiji restoration]], Nagano became the first established modern town in Nagano prefecture, on April 1, 1897. |
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Nagano is most famous for [[Zenkō-ji]], a 7th century [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] temple which overlooks the city. A million tourists visit Nagano annually, the gateway to a variety of sightseeing spots. Nagano was originally a small town in [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi District]] built around the hilltop temple, the largest wooden building in eastern Japan, but the city now encompasses locations that were within [[Sarashina District, Nagano|Sarashina]], [[Hanishina District, Nagano|Hanishina]], and [[Kamitakai District, Nagano|Kamitakai]] districts as well. |
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The city of Nagano and several surrounding communities hosted the [[1998 Winter Olympics]] and the [[1998 Winter Paralympics]]. Nagano City is an important historical location and an industrial center, as well as a travel destination and a hub for accessing surrounding sightseeing spots, including Japan's ''[[onsen]]''-bathing, the [[Japanese macaque|snow monkeys]] in [[Yamanouchi, Nagano|Yamanouchi]], and the world-class ski resorts of [[Hakuba, Nagano|Hakuba]], [[Shiga Highlands|Shiga Kogen]] and [[Nozawaonsen, Nagano|Nozawaonsen]]. |
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The prefecture of Nagano is in a hilly area. |
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===1998 Winter Olympics and Paralympics=== |
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{{main|1998 Winter Olympics|1998 Winter Paralympics}} |
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Nagano, along with the neighboring communities of [[Hakuba, Nagano|Hakuba]] village, [[Nozawaonsen, Nagano|Nozawaonsen]], [[Yamanouchi, Nagano|Yamanouchi]], [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna]], and [[Karuizawa]] hosted the [[1998 Winter Olympics]] from February 7 to February 22 and the [[1998 Winter Paralympics|Paralympics]] from March 5 to March 14. This was the third [[Olympic Games]] and second [[Winter Olympic Games]] to be held in Japan, after the [[1964 Summer Olympics]] in [[Tokyo]], and the [[1972 Winter Olympics]] in [[Sapporo]] (the first Winter Games ever held in Asia). As of 2019, Nagano was the southernmost host of the Winter Olympic Games. The [[Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon]] is held annually to commemorate the occasion. |
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One important legacy of the Games was an improved transportation network. In order to facilitate access to Nagano in advance of the Games, the city was linked to the high-speed ''[[shinkansen]]'' train network. The Nagano Shinkansen (now the [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]]) was inaugurated five months before the start of the Games and carried 655,000 passengers during the Winter Olympics.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanazawa |first1=Nahomi |title=Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory |date=1999 |publisher=NAOC |location=Nagano |isbn=4784098267 |page=309 |url=https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/66018/the-xviii-olympic-winter-games-official-report-nagano-1998-the-organizing-committee-for-the-xviii-ol?_lg=en-GB#_ga=2.180058080.593715491.1556337607-881899984.1556337607 |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> In addition, both [[Nagano Station]] and [[Shinonoi Station]] were expanded, and [[Imai Station]], in the Kawanakajima area, was built to give access the Athletes village. The [[Nagano Expressway]] and the [[Jōshin-etsu Expressway]] were built in the Nagano region,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanazawa |first1=Nahomi |title=Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory |date=1999 |publisher=NAOC |location=Nagano |isbn=4784098267 |page=301 |url=https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/66018/the-xviii-olympic-winter-games-official-report-nagano-1998-the-organizing-committee-for-the-xviii-ol?_lg=en-GB#_ga=2.180058080.593715491.1556337607-881899984.1556337607 |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> and another 114.9 kilometers of roads within [[Nagano Prefecture]] were improved.<ref name=transportation>{{cite web |title=Transport infrastructure provides lasting legacy of Nagano 1998 |url=https://www.olympic.org/news/transport-infrastructure-provides-lasting-legacy-of-nagano-1998 |publisher=International Olympic Committee |access-date=April 18, 2019}}</ref> |
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In addition to a transport legacy, several world-class [[venues of the 1998 Winter Olympics]] were built, including [[M-Wave]], Japan's first [[International Skating Union|International Skating Union (ISU)]] standard indoor 400m double-track,<ref>{{Cite web |author=M-Wave Corporation |url=https://www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php |title=About M-Wave |website=www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php |language=en |access-date=2019-04-06}}</ref> which happens to be one of the largest hanging wooden-roof structures in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |author=M-Wave Corporation |url=https://www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php |title=About M-Wave |website=www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php |language=en |access-date=2019-04-06}}</ref> The Athletes Village, beside the newly constructed [[Imai Station]], was built in advance of the Games by the city of Nagano as future public residential housing, and loaned to the [[Nagano Olympic Organizing Committee]] during the Games.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanazawa |first1=Nahomi |title=Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory |date=1999 |publisher=NAOC |location=Nagano |isbn=4784098267 |page=240 |url=https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/66018/the-xviii-olympic-winter-games-official-report-nagano-1998-the-organizing-committee-for-the-xviii-ol?_lg=en-GB#_ga=2.180058080.593715491.1556337607-881899984.1556337607 |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> A Media Village, composed of a four-block 10-12 storey apartment complex named Asahi Danchi, was built in the Asahi district of Nagano, across the street from the M-Wave.<ref>{{Cite web|author = Journal of Snow Engineering of Japan|url= https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsse1986/13/4/13_4_381/_pdf |title = Outline of the Nagano Olympics, the game facilities, etc.|website= www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsse1986/13/4/13_4_381/_pdf |language=ja|access-date=2019-04-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author = Shinano Mainichi Shimbun |url= https://www.shinmai.co.jp/feature/olympic/kaijo/index.htm|title = Nagano Winter Olympics Venues|website= www.shinmai.co.jp/feature/olympic/kaijo/index.htm |language=ja|access-date=2019-04-10}}</ref> Asahi Danchi now includes private sector housing as well as housing for government employees.<ref>{{Cite web |author = Nagano Prefecture |url= https://www.pref.nagano.lg.jp/koho/kensei/koho/hotline/201606/hot_201606-20.html |title = About the present conditions of facilities of Nagano Winter Olympics |website= www.pref.nagano.lg.jp/koho/kensei/koho/hotline/201606/hot_201606-20.html |language=ja|access-date=2019-04-10}}</ref> |
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<gallery mode="packed" style="text-align: center;" caption="" heights="130px" perrow="3"> |
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File:Stylized Nagao Olympics manhole cover with tactile paving.jpg|Stylized manhole cover displaying the Nagano Olympics emblem, with [[tactile paving]] |
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File:浅川ループライン.JPG|Asagawa Loop Line to [[Iizuna Kogen Ski Area]] built in preparations for the [[1998 Winter Olympics]] |
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</gallery> |
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===Cityscapes=== |
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<gallery> |
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File:Matsushiro Castle 20100919-02.jpg|[[Matsushiro Castle]] (2010) |
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File:Zenko-ji Shrine, Nagano; October 2018 (12).jpg|[[Zenkō-ji]] (2018) |
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File:Skyline of NaganoCity from Unjoden0.jpg|[[Skyline]] of Nagano City (2019) |
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File:Skyline of Nagano City03.jpg|[[Central Business District|CBD]] of Nagano (2022) |
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File:West Entrance of Gondo Arcade Nagano City.jpg|[[Downtown]] Gondō (2011) |
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</gallery> |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Nagano is located in north-central Nagano Prefecture, in the Nagano Basin (''Zenkoji Daira''), surrounding by mountains, near the [[confluence]] of the [[Chikuma River]] and the Sai River. The Sai River in Nagano should not be confused with the [[Sai River (Gifu)]] even though both rivers have the same ''[[kanji]]'' and reading, 犀川 (Saigawa). Other important rivers include the Susobana River, which originates in the Togakushi highland area, and the Torii River, which also originates in the Togakushi highlands. The Chikuma River is 367.0 km long, 29.5 km of which are within the Nagano city limits. The Sai River is 157.7 km long, with 44.2 km in Nagano. All 40.1 km of the Susobana River are in Nagano City, and 10.4 km of the 34.8 km-long Torii River are in Nagano<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市統計書 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/kikaku-toukei/40502.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019}}</ref> [[Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park]], [[Jōshin'etsu-kōgen National Park]] and [[Chūbu-Sangaku National Park]] are each partially located within Nagano City. |
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The present-day [[Core cities of Japan|core city]] of Nagano includes the districts and former towns of Nagano, Shinonoi, Matsushiro, Wakaho, Kawanakajima, Kohoku, Naniai, Shinkomachi, Toyono, Togakushi, Kinasa, Ooka, Shinshushincho, Nakajo. |
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===Surrounding mountains=== |
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[[File:Togakushi to Okujinja.jpg|thumb|200px|Along the route on Mt. Togakushi, Nagano, to Oku Shrine]] |
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[[File:Minakamiyama 1.jpg|thumb|200px|Mount Minakami]] |
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[[File:160430 Ooyachi shitsugen Nagano Japan03s3.jpg|thumb|200px|Iizuna Highlands]] |
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* [[Mount Takatsuma]], 2,353 m, straddles [[Myōkō, Niigata]] and Nagano City. It is the highest peak of the Togakushi mountain range, is one of [[100 Famous Japanese Mountains]], and due to its pyramidal shape it is also known as Togakushi Fuji.<ref>高妻山. (Mount Takatsuma) [https://www.rinya.maff.go.jp/kanto/joetu/invitation/attach/pdf/03-2.pdf]|accessed Sept 24 2022</ref> Takatsuma is the highest point in Nagano City. The lowest point is located in the Asano area of Toyono, 327.4 meters above sea level. |
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* [[Mount Iizuna]], 1,917 meters, is a popular area for skiing and is where [[Spiral (bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton)|the Spiral]], bobsleigh and luge track for the [[1998 Winter Olympics]], is located. |
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* [[Mount Togakushi]], 1,904 m, is located in Nagano City. |
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* Mount Hijiri, 1,447 m. is located along the border between Nagano City, and [[Omi, Nagano|Omi]] in [[Higashichikuma District, Nagano]]. |
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* Daibou Pass, 1,055 m, is located in Nagano City, on the border of [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]] and [[Kinasa, Nagano]]. |
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* Iizuna Kogen, 1,000 m, is a highland area that extends to the south base of Mount Iizuna in Nagano City. |
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* Mount Mododori, 744 m, spans northern Nagano City, and [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna town]]. It is a [[Monogenetic volcanic field|monogenetic volcano]] that was active approximately 200,000 years ago. |
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* Mount Dizuki, 733 m, is located on the northwest side of Nagano City. |
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* Mount Minakami, 659 m, is a [[lava dome]] in [[Matsushiro, Nagano|Matsushiro]] in Nagano City. Its relative height to the surrounding landscape is 280 m. |
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===Climate=== |
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Nagano has a [[hot-summer humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Dfa'') that borders on a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfa''). Its location in a sheltered inland valley means it receives less precipitation than any part of Japan except [[Hokkaidō]]. The city receives heavy winter snow totaling {{convert|2.57|m|in|0}} from December to March, but it is less gloomy during these cold months than the coast from [[Hagi, Yamaguchi|Hagi]] to [[Wakkanai, Hokkaidō|Wakkanai]]. |
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{{Weather box |
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|width=auto |
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|collapsed = Y |
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|single line = Y |
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|metric first = Y |
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|location = Nagano (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1889−present) |
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|Jan record high C = 18.1 |
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|Feb record high C = 22.5 |
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|Mar record high C = 24.4 |
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|Apr record high C = 30.8 |
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|May record high C = 34.2 |
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|Jun record high C = 35.6 |
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|Jul record high C = 37.9 |
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|Aug record high C = 38.7 |
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|Sep record high C = 36.3 |
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|Oct record high C = 32.2 |
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|Nov record high C = 26.2 |
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|Dec record high C = 22.0 |
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|Jan record low C = -17.0 |
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|Feb record low C = -16.4 |
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|Mar record low C = -14.6 |
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|Apr record low C = -6.5 |
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|May record low C = -1.8 |
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|Jun record low C = 3.9 |
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|Jul record low C = 10.2 |
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|Aug record low C = 10.7 |
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|Sep record low C = 5.5 |
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|Oct record low C = -1.9 |
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|Nov record low C = -11.4 |
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|Dec record low C = -15.2 |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 54.6 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 49.1 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 60.1 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 56.9 |
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|May precipitation mm = 69.3 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 106.1 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 137.7 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 111.8 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 125.5 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 100.3 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 44.4 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 49.4 |
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|year precipitation mm = 965.1 |
|||
|Jan mean C = -0.4 |
|||
|Feb mean C = 0.4 |
|||
|Mar mean C = 4.3 |
|||
|Apr mean C = 10.6 |
|||
|May mean C = 16.4 |
|||
|Jun mean C = 20.4 |
|||
|Jul mean C = 24.3 |
|||
|Aug mean C = 25.4 |
|||
|Sep mean C = 21.0 |
|||
|Oct mean C = 14.4 |
|||
|Nov mean C = 7.9 |
|||
|Dec mean C = 2.3 |
|||
|year mean C = 12.3 |
|||
|Jan high C = 3.8 |
|||
|Feb high C = 5.3 |
|||
|Mar high C = 10.3 |
|||
|Apr high C = 17.4 |
|||
|May high C = 23.2 |
|||
|Jun high C = 26.1 |
|||
|Jul high C = 29.7 |
|||
|Aug high C = 31.1 |
|||
|Sep high C = 26.2 |
|||
|Oct high C = 19.7 |
|||
|Nov high C = 13.4 |
|||
|Dec high C = 6.9 |
|||
|year high C = 17.8 |
|||
|Jan low C = -3.9 |
|||
|Feb low C = -3.7 |
|||
|Mar low C = -0.5 |
|||
|Apr low C = 4.9 |
|||
|May low C = 10.9 |
|||
|Jun low C = 16.1 |
|||
|Jul low C = 20.5 |
|||
|Aug low C = 21.5 |
|||
|Sep low C = 17.2 |
|||
|Oct low C = 10.3 |
|||
|Nov low C = 3.4 |
|||
|Dec low C = -1.5 |
|||
|year low C = 7.9 |
|||
|Jan humidity = 79 |
|||
|Feb humidity = 74 |
|||
|Mar humidity = 68 |
|||
|Apr humidity = 61 |
|||
|May humidity = 63 |
|||
|Jun humidity = 71 |
|||
|Jul humidity = 75 |
|||
|Aug humidity = 73 |
|||
|Sep humidity = 74 |
|||
|Oct humidity = 75 |
|||
|Nov humidity = 76 |
|||
|Dec humidity = 79 |
|||
|year humidity = 72 |
|||
|Jan sun = 128.4 |
|||
|Feb sun = 140.2 |
|||
|Mar sun = 173.3 |
|||
|Apr sun = 199.4 |
|||
|May sun = 214.8 |
|||
|Jun sun = 167.4 |
|||
|Jul sun = 168.8 |
|||
|Aug sun = 201.1 |
|||
|Sep sun = 151.2 |
|||
|Oct sun = 152.1 |
|||
|Nov sun = 142.3 |
|||
|Dec sun = 131.1 |
|||
|year sun = 1969.9 |
|||
|snow colour = green |
|||
|Jan snow cm = 63 |
|||
|Feb snow cm = 50 |
|||
|Mar snow cm = 17 |
|||
|Apr snow cm = 2 |
|||
|May snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Jun snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Jul snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Aug snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Sep snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Oct snow cm = 0 |
|||
|Nov snow cm = 1 |
|||
|Dec snow cm = 30 |
|||
|year snow cm = 163 |
|||
|unit precipitation days = 0.5 mm |
|||
|Jan precipitation days = 12.7 |
|||
|Feb precipitation days = 11.0 |
|||
|Mar precipitation days = 11.3 |
|||
|Apr precipitation days = 9.8 |
|||
|May precipitation days = 9.6 |
|||
|Jun precipitation days = 11.6 |
|||
|Jul precipitation days = 13.5 |
|||
|Aug precipitation days = 10.8 |
|||
|Sep precipitation days = 10.6 |
|||
|Oct precipitation days = 9.2 |
|||
|Nov precipitation days = 8.6 |
|||
|Dec precipitation days = 11.2 |
|||
|year precipitation days = 130.0 |
|||
|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency<ref>{{cite web |
|||
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=48&block_no=47610&year=&month=&day=&view= |
|||
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値) |
|||
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]] |
|||
| access-date = May 19, 2021}}</ref> |
|||
}} |
|||
{{Weather box |
|||
|width=auto |
|||
|collapsed = Y |
|||
|single line = Y |
|||
|metric first = Y |
|||
|location = [[Shinshūshinmachi, Nagano|Shinshūshinmachi]], Nagano (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) |
|||
|Jan record high C = 15.3 |
|||
|Feb record high C = 21.0 |
|||
|Mar record high C = 25.8 |
|||
|Apr record high C = 30.1 |
|||
|May record high C = 34.6 |
|||
|Jun record high C = 35.8 |
|||
|Jul record high C = 36.6 |
|||
|Aug record high C = 38.6 |
|||
|Sep record high C = 35.3 |
|||
|Oct record high C = 29.8 |
|||
|Nov record high C = 24.4 |
|||
|Dec record high C = 21.6 |
|||
|Jan record low C = -15.3 |
|||
|Feb record low C = -13.4 |
|||
|Mar record low C = -10.3 |
|||
|Apr record low C = -5.8 |
|||
|May record low C = -1.5 |
|||
|Jun record low C = 4.1 |
|||
|Jul record low C = 11.6 |
|||
|Aug record low C = 11.2 |
|||
|Sep record low C = 4.3 |
|||
|Oct record low C = -0.6 |
|||
|Nov record low C = -4.6 |
|||
|Dec record low C = -12.3 |
|||
|Jan high C = 3.6 |
|||
|Feb high C = 4.9 |
|||
|Mar high C = 9.9 |
|||
|Apr high C = 17.1 |
|||
|May high C = 22.8 |
|||
|Jun high C = 25.8 |
|||
|Jul high C = 29.2 |
|||
|Aug high C = 30.4 |
|||
|Sep high C = 25.4 |
|||
|Oct high C = 19.1 |
|||
|Nov high C = 13.2 |
|||
|Dec high C = 6.8 |
|||
|Jan mean C = -1.4 |
|||
|Feb mean C = -0.8 |
|||
|Mar mean C = 3.1 |
|||
|Apr mean C = 9.3 |
|||
|May mean C = 15.1 |
|||
|Jun mean C = 19.2 |
|||
|Jul mean C = 22.9 |
|||
|Aug mean C = 23.9 |
|||
|Sep mean C = 19.5 |
|||
|Oct mean C = 13.0 |
|||
|Nov mean C = 6.6 |
|||
|Dec mean C = 1.2 |
|||
|Jan low C = -5.5 |
|||
|Feb low C = -5.4 |
|||
|Mar low C = -2.1 |
|||
|Apr low C = 2.8 |
|||
|May low C = 8.5 |
|||
|Jun low C = 14.1 |
|||
|Jul low C = 18.8 |
|||
|Aug low C = 19.5 |
|||
|Sep low C = 15.5 |
|||
|Oct low C = 8.8 |
|||
|Nov low C = 2.0 |
|||
|Dec low C = -2.7 |
|||
|precipitation colour = green |
|||
|Jan precipitation mm = 56.2 |
|||
|Feb precipitation mm = 52.4 |
|||
|Mar precipitation mm = 76.3 |
|||
|Apr precipitation mm = 76.4 |
|||
|May precipitation mm = 88.7 |
|||
|Jun precipitation mm = 123.2 |
|||
|Jul precipitation mm = 146.5 |
|||
|Aug precipitation mm = 111.2 |
|||
|Sep precipitation mm = 148.7 |
|||
|Oct precipitation mm = 122.8 |
|||
|Nov precipitation mm = 53.8 |
|||
|Dec precipitation mm = 51.3 |
|||
|year precipitation mm = 1107.4 |
|||
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |
|||
|Jan precipitation days = 10.4 |
|||
|Feb precipitation days = 8.8 |
|||
|Mar precipitation days = 10.8 |
|||
|Apr precipitation days = 9.4 |
|||
|May precipitation days = 9.5 |
|||
|Jun precipitation days = 11.0 |
|||
|Jul precipitation days = 13.4 |
|||
|Aug precipitation days = 9.9 |
|||
|Sep precipitation days = 10.4 |
|||
|Oct precipitation days = 9.1 |
|||
|Nov precipitation days = 7.6 |
|||
|Dec precipitation days = 10.3 |
|||
|Jan sun = 123.2 |
|||
|Feb sun = 139.5 |
|||
|Mar sun = 171.6 |
|||
|Apr sun = 200.4 |
|||
|May sun = 209.3 |
|||
|Jun sun = 158.7 |
|||
|Jul sun = 158.1 |
|||
|Aug sun = 192.1 |
|||
|Sep sun = 137.1 |
|||
|Oct sun = 145.0 |
|||
|Nov sun = 139.5 |
|||
|Dec sun = 124.8 |
|||
|year sun = 1899.1 |
|||
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web |
|||
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=48&block_no=0400&year=&month=&day=&view=h0 |
|||
|script-title=ja:観測史上1~10位の値(年間を通じての値) |
|||
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]] |
|||
| access-date = April 28, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |
|||
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=48&block_no=0400&year=&month=&day=&view=h0 |
|||
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値) |
|||
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]] |
|||
| access-date = April 28, 2022}}</ref>}} |
|||
===Demographics=== |
|||
The population of Nagano City has declined by 10,000 since the mid-1990s. As of April 1, 2019, the city had a total population of 376,080 people, made up of 193,982 women and 182,098 men in 160,625 households.<ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Nagano City and the number of households (as of April 1, 2019) |url=https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=ja&rurl=translate.google.co.jp&sl=ja&sp=nmt4&tl=en&u=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/soshiki/shimado/2097.html&xid=17259,15700021,15700186,15700190,15700253,15700256,15700259&usg=ALkJrhjHlUSnFham8mRGDvKZDL49BQ9C4g |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> |
|||
====Historical populations==== |
|||
{{Historical populations |
|||
| 1920 | 212,182 |
|||
| 1925 | 222,141 |
|||
| 1930 | 234,503 |
|||
| 1935 | 239,513 |
|||
| 1940 | 241,716 |
|||
| 1945 | 295,090 |
|||
| 1950 | 300,756 |
|||
| 1955 | 303,435 |
|||
| 1960 | 303,458 |
|||
| 1965 | 310,399 |
|||
| 1970 | 322,825 |
|||
| 1975 | 342,120 |
|||
| 1980 | 358,173 |
|||
| 1985 | 369,023 |
|||
| 1990 | 377,261 |
|||
| 1995 | 387,359 |
|||
| 2000 | 387,911 |
|||
| 2005 | 386,572 |
|||
| 2010 | 381,511 |
|||
| 2015 | 377,598 |
|||
| 2020 | 372,760 |
|||
|align = none |
|||
| footnote = |
|||
}} |
|||
====Population of districts of the current Core City of Nagano==== |
|||
The growth and decline of the population within the various districts of Nagano City has been uneven over the past 70 years<ref>{{cite web |title=2. 人口 (population) |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/kikaku-toukei/22701.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ Sortable table |
|||
|- |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Year</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Total</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small> Nagano</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Shinonoi</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Matsushiro</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Wakaho</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Kawanakajima</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Kohoku</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Naniai</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Shinkomachi</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Toyono</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Togakushi</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Kinasa</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Ooka</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Shinshushincho</small> |
|||
! scope="col" | <small>Nakajo</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1947</small> |
|||
| <small>295,348</small> |
|||
| <small>136,353</small> |
|||
| <small>30,318</small> |
|||
| <small>27,906</small> |
|||
| <small>13,242</small> |
|||
| <small>11,053</small> |
|||
| <small>12,783</small> |
|||
| <small>4,891</small> |
|||
| <small>6,500</small> |
|||
| <small>9,930</small> |
|||
| <small>10,205</small> |
|||
| <small>6,170</small> |
|||
| <small>4,670</small> |
|||
| <small>14,240</small> |
|||
| <small>7,087</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1950</small> |
|||
| <small>300,756</small> |
|||
| <small>143,494</small> |
|||
| <small>30,068</small> |
|||
| <small>27,131</small> |
|||
| <small>13,063</small> |
|||
| <small>10,794</small> |
|||
| <small>12,807</small> |
|||
| <small>4,911</small> |
|||
| <small>6,385</small> |
|||
| <small>9,869</small> |
|||
| <small>10,281</small> |
|||
| <small>6,209</small> |
|||
| <small>4,560</small> |
|||
| <small>14,040</small> |
|||
| <small>7,144</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1955</small> |
|||
| <small>303,684</small> |
|||
| <small>152,547</small> |
|||
| <small>29,062</small> |
|||
| <small>25,485</small> |
|||
| <small>12,312</small> |
|||
| <small>10,432</small> |
|||
| <small>12,655</small> |
|||
| <small>4,870</small> |
|||
| <small>6,067</small> |
|||
| <small>9,787</small> |
|||
| <small>9,697</small> |
|||
| <small>6,007</small> |
|||
| <small>4,351</small> |
|||
| <small>13,511</small> |
|||
| <small>6,901</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1960</small> |
|||
| <small>303,458</small> |
|||
| <small>160,522</small> |
|||
| <small>29,329</small> |
|||
| <small>22,626</small> |
|||
| <small>11,938</small> |
|||
| <small>10,403</small> |
|||
| <small>12,331</small> |
|||
| <small>4,419</small> |
|||
| <small>5,503</small> |
|||
| <small>9,604</small> |
|||
| <small>8,709</small> |
|||
| <small>5,373</small> |
|||
| <small>4,035</small> |
|||
| <small>12,354</small> |
|||
| <small>6,312</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1965</small> |
|||
| <small>310,399</small> |
|||
| <small>172,836</small> |
|||
| <small>29,304</small> |
|||
| <small>21,451</small> |
|||
| <small>11,404</small> |
|||
| <small>10,975</small> |
|||
| <small>14,228</small> |
|||
| <small>3,962</small> |
|||
| <small>4,964</small> |
|||
| <small>9,110</small> |
|||
| <small>7,547</small> |
|||
| <small>4,397</small> |
|||
| <small>3,405</small> |
|||
| <small>11,324</small> |
|||
| <small>5,456</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1970</small> |
|||
| <small>322,825</small> |
|||
| <small>187,216</small> |
|||
| <small>30,633</small> |
|||
| <small>20,496</small> |
|||
| <small>11,739</small> |
|||
| <small>12,551</small> |
|||
| <small>14,630</small> |
|||
| <small>3,571</small> |
|||
| <small>4,519</small> |
|||
| <small>9,283</small> |
|||
| <small>6,475</small> |
|||
| <small>3,763</small> |
|||
| <small>2,924</small> |
|||
| <small>10,188</small> |
|||
| <small>4,837</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1975</small> |
|||
| <small>342,120</small> |
|||
| <small>198,224</small> |
|||
| <small>34,493</small> |
|||
| <small>19,968</small> |
|||
| <small>12,317</small> |
|||
| <small>16,102</small> |
|||
| <small>18,140</small> |
|||
| <small>3,190</small> |
|||
| <small>4,203</small> |
|||
| <small>9,539</small> |
|||
| <small>6,225</small> |
|||
| <small>3,603</small> |
|||
| <small>2,477</small> |
|||
| <small>9,323</small> |
|||
| <small>4,316</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1980</small> |
|||
| <small>358,173</small> |
|||
| <small>208,703</small> |
|||
| <small>36,432</small> |
|||
| <small>20,786</small> |
|||
| <small>12,766</small> |
|||
| <small>17,314</small> |
|||
| <small>21,321</small> |
|||
| <small>2,995</small> |
|||
| <small>4,043</small> |
|||
| <small>9,633</small> |
|||
| <small>6,074</small> |
|||
| <small>3,223</small> |
|||
| <small>2,249</small> |
|||
| <small>8,616</small> |
|||
| <small>4,018</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1985</small> |
|||
| <small>369,023</small> |
|||
| <small>216,306</small> |
|||
| <small>37,516</small> |
|||
| <small>21,224</small> |
|||
| <small>12,934</small> |
|||
| <small>18,473</small> |
|||
| <small>23,609</small> |
|||
| <small>3,053</small> |
|||
| <small>3,848</small> |
|||
| <small>9,701</small> |
|||
| <small>5,866</small> |
|||
| <small>2,864</small> |
|||
| <small>2,103</small> |
|||
| <small>7,881</small> |
|||
| <small>3,635</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1995</small> |
|||
| <small>377,261</small> |
|||
| <small>223,191</small> |
|||
| <small>38,444</small> |
|||
| <small>21,110</small> |
|||
| <small>12,646</small> |
|||
| <small>19,790</small> |
|||
| <small>25,418</small> |
|||
| <small>2,866</small> |
|||
| <small>3,561</small> |
|||
| <small>9,700</small> |
|||
| <small>5,608</small> |
|||
| <small>2,686</small> |
|||
| <small>1,753</small> |
|||
| <small>7,143</small> |
|||
| <small>3,345</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>1995</small> |
|||
| <small>387,359</small> |
|||
| <small>229,952</small> |
|||
| <small>39,601</small> |
|||
| <small>20,790</small> |
|||
| <small>12,687</small> |
|||
| <small>21,624</small> |
|||
| <small>27,928</small> |
|||
| <small>2,633</small> |
|||
| <small>3,301</small> |
|||
| <small>9,819</small> |
|||
| <small>5,218</small> |
|||
| <small>2,523</small> |
|||
| <small>1,602</small> |
|||
| <small>6,596</small> |
|||
| <small>3,085</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>2000</small> |
|||
| <small>387,911</small> |
|||
| <small>228,431</small> |
|||
| <small>39,233</small> |
|||
| <small>19,904</small> |
|||
| <small>12,503</small> |
|||
| <small>24,997</small> |
|||
| <small>29,599</small> |
|||
| <small>2,399</small> |
|||
| <small>3,046</small> |
|||
| <small>10,005</small> |
|||
| <small>4,938</small> |
|||
| <small>2,333</small> |
|||
| <small>1,544</small> |
|||
| <small>6,093</small> |
|||
| <small>2,886</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>2005</small> |
|||
| <small>386,572</small> |
|||
| <small>227,758</small> |
|||
| <small>39,981</small> |
|||
| <small>18,873</small> |
|||
| <small>12,661</small> |
|||
| <small>25,669</small> |
|||
| <small>30,879</small> |
|||
| <small>2,118</small> |
|||
| <small>2,768</small> |
|||
| <small>10,016</small> |
|||
| <small>4,467</small> |
|||
| <small>1,983</small> |
|||
| <small>1,389</small> |
|||
| <small>5,535</small> |
|||
| <small>2,525</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>2010</small> |
|||
| <small>381,511</small> |
|||
| <small>223,787</small> |
|||
| <small>40,380</small> |
|||
| <small>18,161</small> |
|||
| <small>12,570</small> |
|||
| <small>26,416</small> |
|||
| <small>32,075</small> |
|||
| <small>1,873</small> |
|||
| <small>2,434</small> |
|||
| <small>9,825</small> |
|||
| <small>3,986</small> |
|||
| <small>1,700</small> |
|||
| <small>1,154</small> |
|||
| <small>4,892</small> |
|||
| <small>2,258</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
| <small>2015</small> |
|||
| <small>377,598</small> |
|||
| <small>221,404</small> |
|||
| <small>41,340</small> |
|||
| <small>17,100</small> |
|||
| <small>12,201</small> |
|||
| <small>26,881</small> |
|||
| <small>33,486</small> |
|||
| <small>1,622</small> |
|||
| <small>2,051</small> |
|||
| <small>9,609</small> |
|||
| <small>3,499</small> |
|||
| <small>1,393</small> |
|||
| <small>960</small> |
|||
| <small>4,135</small> |
|||
| <small>1,917</small> |
|||
|- |
|||
|} |
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====Foreign and non-Japanese residents==== |
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The following table shows the population of foreigners and non-Japanese residents since 2014<ref>{{cite web |title=2. 人口 (population) |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/kikaku-toukei/22701.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=9 May 2019}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|+ Sortable table |
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|- |
|||
! scope="col" | Year |
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! scope="col" | Total |
|||
! scope="col" | Chinese |
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! scope="col" | Korean |
|||
! scope="col" | Filipino |
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! scope="col" | Vietnamese |
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! scope="col" | Thai |
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! scope="col" | Other |
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|- |
|||
| 2014 |
|||
| 3,394 |
|||
| 1,619 |
|||
| 587 |
|||
| 301 |
|||
| 136 |
|||
| 219 |
|||
| 532 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2015 |
|||
| 3,475 |
|||
| 1,612 |
|||
| 571 |
|||
| 320 |
|||
| 195 |
|||
| 226 |
|||
| 551 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2016 |
|||
| 3,475 |
|||
| 1,595 |
|||
| 542 |
|||
| 319 |
|||
| 248 |
|||
| 239 |
|||
| 552 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2017 |
|||
| 3,576 |
|||
| 1,576 |
|||
| 536 |
|||
| 336 |
|||
| 314 |
|||
| 241 |
|||
| 573 |
|||
|- |
|||
| 2018 |
|||
| 3,715 |
|||
| 1,563 |
|||
| 557 |
|||
| 344 |
|||
| 392 |
|||
| 242 |
|||
| 617 |
|||
|- |
|||
|} |
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===Surrounding municipalities=== |
===Surrounding municipalities=== |
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[[File:Hakuba Happo-one Winter Resort.JPG|thumb|[[Hakuba]] Happo-one Winter Resort]] |
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:All but the city of [[Myōkō, Niigata|Myōkō]] are within Nagano Prefecture. |
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;{{flagicon|Nagano}}[[Nagano Prefecture]] |
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*North - Towns of [[Shinano, Nagano|Shinano]] and [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna]] and city of [[Myōkō, Niigata|Myōkō]], [[Niigata Prefecture]] |
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*[[Shinano, Nagano|Shinano]], located approximately 20 kilometers north of Nagano. [[Lake Nojiri]] is found in Shinano. Lake Nojiri was home to ''Kokusaimura'' (International Village), a landownership association, made up principally of Christian missionaries who had cottages there from the early 20th Century. |
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*East - Cities of [[Nakano, Nagano|Nakano]] and [[Suzaka, Nagano|Suzaka]] and town of [[Obuse, Nagano|Obuse]] |
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{{Blockquote |
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*South - Cities of [[Ueda, Nagano|Ueda]] and [[Chikuma, Nagano|Chikuma]] |
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|class = letterhead |
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*Southwest - City of [[Ōmachi, Nagano|Ōmachi]] and villages of [[Omi, Nagano|Omi]], [[Chikuhoku, Nagano|Chikuhoku]] and [[Ikusaka, Nagano|Ikusaka]] |
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|title = |
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*West - Town of [[Shinshūshin, Nagano|Shinshūshinmachi]] and villages of [[Nakajō, Nagano|Nakajō]] and [[Ogawa, Nagano|Ogawa]] |
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|quote = ''When we first went to Lake Nojiri, the International Village was like an island of affluence in a sea of poverty. But, as the Japanese economy recovered from the war, the scales tipped until we became an island of poverty in a sea of affluence''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.oldtokyo.com/international-village-nojiri-ko-lake-nojiri-nagano-prefecture/|title=International Village, Nojiri-ko (Lake Nojiri), Nagano Prefecture.|date=15 August 2016|access-date=2019-04-21 |language=en}}</ref> |
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*Northwest -Villages of [[Hakuba, Nagano|Hakuba]] and [[Otari, Nagano|Otari]] |
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|author = Alden Matthews |
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*Northeast -[http://www.info-yamanouchi.net/english/index.html Yamanouchi Area & Village of Yudanaka] |
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|source = My Three Worlds (2007) |
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}} |
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*[[Nakano, Nagano|Nakano]], located in the Zennoji Plain, on the Chikuma River and surrounded by mountains, experienced significant growth after the 1998 Winter Olympics. |
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*[[Suzaka, Nagano|Suzaka]], a former [[Jōkamachi|castle town (jōkamachi)]] during the [[Edo period]] [[Tokugawa shogunate]] on the opposite side of the [[Chikuma River]] from Nagano. The city was noted in the Meiji period for its silk industry. After World War II, an electronics industry was established. The city is also noted for apples and grapes, and the Prefectural Agricultural Research Station is located there. |
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*[[Obuse, Nagano|Obuse]], an important historical tourist town, approximately 30 minutes by [[Nagano Electric Railway]] train from Nagano Station. Obuse is home to a [[Hokusai]] museum, and ''Gansho-in'', a Buddhist temple, has a ceiling painted by him. The largest hospital in the town, a former [[tuberculosis]] [[sanatorium]], was built in the 1930s by [[J. G. Waller]] and the [[Anglican Church of Canada]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.obusekanko.jp/obuse-guide/south-area/|title=Obuse Area Guide, Southern Area.|access-date=2019-04-21 |language=en}}</ref> |
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*[[Ueda, Nagano|Ueda]], approximately 35 kilometers south of Nagano, was a former castle town of the [[Ueda Domain]] under the Tokugawa shogunate. The ruins of [[Ueda Castle]] are an important historical site in the city. |
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*[[Chikuma, Nagano|Chikuma]], located approximately 20 kilometers south of Nagano, includes numerous burial tombs (tumuli) from the [[Kofun]] period. During the [[Nara period]], several important [[Man'yōshū]] poems were set here. The area around Chikuma prospered during the Edo period as several [[Hatago|post stations]] along the pilgrimage route to the famed [[Zenkō-ji]] were located here. [[Obasute Station]], a [[Zig zag (railway)|switchback]] station is located here. |
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*[[Ōmachi, Nagano|Ōmachi]] is approximately 40 kilometers west of Nagano. The [[Hida Mountains]], also called the Japanese Northern Alps, with 3000m peaks surround Ōmachi. The area was part of the holdings of [[Matsumoto Domain]] during the Edo period. |
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*[[Omi, Nagano|Omi]] is approximately 30 kilometers southwest of Nagano Station. The town is in the Hijiiri Highlands, and [[Hijiri-Kōgen Station]] is located here, as is [[Kitayama Dam]]. |
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*[[Chikuhoku, Nagano|Chikuhoku]] is located in the Matsumoto Basin, and the [[Higashijo Dam]] and [[Onikuma Dam]] are located here. Most of the area was under the control of Matsumoto Domain during the Edo period. |
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*[[Ikusaka, Nagano|Ikusaka]] is approximately 50 kilometers southwest of Nagano, in the center of Nagano Prefecture. Two dams, [[Ikusaka Dam]] and [[Taira Dam]] are found here. The area of present-day Ikusaka was part of the holdings of Matsumoto Domain during the Edo period. |
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*[[Ogawa, Nagano|Ogawa]] is approximately 20 kilometers west of Nagano. It is listed as one of [[The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan]]. It is an important agriculture center, primarily rice cultivation. |
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*[[Hakuba, Nagano|Hakuba]], located 45 km west of Nagano Station, is an internationally renowned ski resort town in the northern Japan Alps. The surrounding valley has an annual snow fall of over 11 meters, and the 10 ski resorts have more than 200 runs. The village was an important site for 1998 Winter Olympics ([[Alpine Skiing at the 1998 Winter Olympics|Alpine skiing]], [[Ski jumping at the 1998 Winter Olympics|ski jumping]], and [[Cross-country skiing at the 1998 Winter Olympics|cross-country]]). Most of Hakuba is located in [[Chūbu-Sangaku National Park]]. |
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*[[Otari, Nagano|Otari]] is located approximately 55 kilometers northwest of Nagano Station. It is in the mountainous far northwest of Nagano Prefecture, bordered by Niigata Prefecture to the north and west. Much of the village is within the borders of the [[Chūbu-Sangaku National Park]] or the [[Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park]]. |
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;{{flagicon|Niigata}}[[Niigata Prefecture]] |
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*[[Myōkō, Niigata|Myōkō]], on the border of Nagano Prefecture, lies in mountains surrounding the historical entrance to the Echigo Plains. The city is surrounded by five mountains. Madarao, Myōkō, Kurohime, Togakushi and Iizuna are collectively known as the Five Peaks of Northern Shinano ([[Myōkōkōgen, Niigata|Hokushingogaku]]). Mount Myōkō (2,454 m) is in the city, much of which is within the borders of the Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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===Ancient ages=== |
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*The city is located within Minuchi (水内郡), Takai (高井), Sarashina (更級郡), and Hanishina (埴科郡) Districts in the ancient [[Shinano Province]]. |
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Nagano is located in former [[Shinano Province]] and developed from the [[Nara period]] as a temple town at the gate of the famous [[Zenkō-ji]], a 7th-century [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] temple which was relocated to this location in 642 AD. |
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*[[Zenkō-ji]] relocated from the current city of [[Iida, Nagano|Iida]]. (642). Afterwards, the town of Monzen becomes one of the motel towns of [[Hokkoku Kaidō]]. |
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*The [[Battles of Kawanakajima]] were held, where Shigen Takeda (武田信玄) and Kenshin Uesugi (上杉謙信) fought. |
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*Inu-no-Mansui (戌の満水 or 千曲川大洪水) (1742), the water level reached at 6.4m(21ft) at Akanuma (near the border with the former town Toyono) |
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*Due to Zenko-ji Earthquake (May 8, 1847), nearly 10,000 people died (including the other disasters in Iiyama) |
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*Gained city status (1897) |
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*The [[Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters]] (松代大本営) was built (Started in 1944, but cancelled in 1945 due to the end of war) |
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*Biggest mergers of the Showa Era I (1954) |
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*Due to the flooding of Chikuma River (1959), 71 people are dead or missing and 20,000 homes were flooded |
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*Biggest mergers of the Showa Era II (1966) |
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*Matsushiro Earthquake (松代群発地震) |
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*Due to Landslides (地附山地すべり災害)(1985), 26 people died and 60 homes were destroyed or near-destroyed |
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*Hosted the [[1998 Winter Olympics]] and the [[1998 Winter Paralympics]] (1998) |
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*Became a [[core city]] (1999) |
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*Due to the Biggest Mergers in Heisei Era, the city absorbed the municipalities of the town of [[Toyono, Nagano|Toyono]], and the village of [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]], and [[Kinasa, Nagano|Kinasa]] (from [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi District]]), and the village of [[Ōoka, Nagano|Ōoka]] (from [[Sarashina District, Nagano|Sarashina District]]). |
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*Hosted the [[2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games]]. |
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In the southern section of Nagano City are a series of over 500 [[kofun|burial mounds]] at [[Ōmuro Kofun group|Ōmuro Kofun]] - a [[Monuments of Japan|National historic site]] - dating from the 5th-8th centuries. |
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{{Sectstub|date=May 2008}} |
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=== |
===Middle ages=== |
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During the [[Sengoku period]] (c. 1467 – c. 1600), the area was hotly contested between the forces of the [[Uesugi clan]] based in [[Echigo Province]] and the [[Takeda clan]] based in [[Kai Province]]. The several [[Battles of Kawanakajima]] between [[Uesugi Kenshin]] and [[Takeda Shingen]] were fought near here. |
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*April 1, 1897 - The first city of Nagano was founded. (Nagano became the first city founded in [[Nagano Prefecture]] and the 43rd city in [[Japan]]). |
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*October 16, 1966 - The current and the second city of Nagano was founded by merging with 8 municipalities, including the original city itself. |
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*January 1, 2005 - The city absorbed the municipalities from [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi District]] ([[Toyono, Nagano|Toyono]], [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]], and [[Kinasa, Nagano|Kinasa]]) and [[Sarashina District, Nagano|Sarashina District]] ([[Ooka, Nagano|Ooka]]). |
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{{Sectstub|date=May 2008}} |
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=== |
===Early modern ages=== |
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During the [[Edo period]] (1603 and 1868), much of the area came under the control of the [[Sanada clan]] based at [[Matsushiro Domain]]. |
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In 1998, Nagano hosted the [[XVIII Olympic Winter Games]], the second Winter Olympics ever held in [[Japan]] and the first since 1972 when the [[XI Olympic Winter Games]] were held in [[Sapporo]], [[Hokkaidō Prefecture|Hokkaidō]] also the site of the first Winter Olympics ever held in Japan and Asia. |
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The area suffered from flooding in 1742, and from a destructive earthquake in 1847. |
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{{Sectstub|date=May 2008}} |
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[[shukuba|Post station]] on the [[Hokkoku Kaidō]] highway connecting [[Edo]] with the [[Sea of Japan]] coast. |
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===Late modern ages=== |
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==Sightseeing== |
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Following the [[Meiji restoration]] and the creation of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the modern town of Nagano was established. Nagano was elevated to city status on April 1, 1897. |
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[[Image:ZenkojiWP.jpg|thumb|250px|left|[[Zenkō-ji]], ancient temple in Nagano]] |
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During [[World War II]], construction of the [[Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters]] as the last redoubt for the Japanese government following the projected [[Operation Downfall|American invasion of Japan]] was started in 1944, but was aborted in 1945 due to the end of war. |
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The historic site of the [[Battles of Kawanakajima]] has been retained as parkland, with a municipal museum of the history of the Zenkoji plain. |
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It was the first city founded in Nagano Prefecture and the 43rd city in Japan. Nagano hosted the [[1998 Winter Olympics]], [[1998 Winter Paralympics]], and the [[2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games]]. |
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[[Matsushiro]], the former castle town of the [[Sanada clan]], is located in the southern part of the city. The town retains an historical atmosphere, preserving many old samurai residences, temples, and gardens of the feudal period, including the remains of the castle and mansion of feudal lord Sanada Jumangoku. |
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===Contemporary ages=== |
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Sporting venues built for the Winter Olympics include the [[M-Wave]] speed-skating arena (with the world's largest wooden suspension roof), [[Big Hat]] arena, and the [[Aqua Wing Arena]]. |
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;Growth of the city |
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The city borders expanded on July 1, 1923, with the annexation of the neighbouring town of Yoshida and villages of Sarita, Miwa and Komaki. |
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The city again expanded on April 1, 1954, by annexing neighbouring villages of Asahi, Furusato, Yanagihara, Wakatsuki, Asakawa, Naganuma, Amori, Odagiri, Imoi and Mamejima. |
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To north of the city is the village of [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna]]. A popular destination in both summer and winter, it includes an Olympic ski resort, campsite, [[onsen]], 10 ponds, and a mountain slide ride. |
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In 1959, due to the flooding of Chikuma River, 71 people died or were missing and 20,000 homes were flooded. |
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On October 16, 1966, the city again expanded by annexing the neighbouring towns of Kawanakajima, [[Matsushiro, Nagano|Matsushiro]] and Wakaho, and villages of Shinonoi, Kohoku, Shinko, and Naniai. |
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During the 1985 Matsushiro earthquake, 27 people died and 60 homes were destroyed or badly damaged due to landslides. In 1999, Nagano was designated as a {{Nihongo|[[Core cities of Japan|core city]]|中核市|Chūkakushi}}, a category of [[cities of Japan|Japanese city]]. |
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Nagano continued to expand on January 1, 2005, by absorbing the municipalities of [[Toyono, Nagano|Toyono]], and the village of [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]], and [[Kinasa, Nagano|Kinasa]] (from [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi District]]), and the village of [[Ōoka, Nagano|Ōoka]] (from [[Sarashina District, Nagano|Sarashina District]]). |
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On January 1, 2010, Nagano absorbed the town of [[Shinshūshinmachi, Nagano|Shinshūshinmachi]] and the village of [[Nakajō, Nagano|Nakajō]] from [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi District]].<ref name=gappei>{{cite web|script-title=ja:長野市・信州新町・中条村合併後調査報告について|url=http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/pcp_portal/PortalServlet?DISPLAY_ID=DIRECT&NEXT_DISPLAY_ID=U000004&CONTENTS_ID=13354|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608063547/http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/pcp_portal/PortalServlet?DISPLAY_ID=DIRECT&NEXT_DISPLAY_ID=U000004&CONTENTS_ID=13354|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 June 2008|work=Nagano official website|publisher=Nagano City|access-date=18 September 2011|language=ja}}</ref> |
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Northeast of the city is Japan's largest ski resort, [[Shiga Kogen]], with the nearby [[Jigokudani Monkey Park]], famous for the wild [[Japanese Macaque|Japanese Snow Monkeys]] often found bathing in its hot springs. |
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==Politics== |
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Just south of the downtown core, in [[Shinano, Nagano|Shinano]], Mt. Chausu hosts the Nagano Chausuyama Zoo, an outdoor dinosaur park, botanical garden, and a museum of natural history. |
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[[File:Nagano City Office Bldg. 1.JPG|right|thumb|200px|Nagano City Hall]] |
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[[File:Nagano National Government Building No.1.JPG|thumb|200px|Nagano National Government Building No.1]] |
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[[File:Nagano Prefectural Government Japan.jpg|thumb|200px|Nagano Prefectural Government Building]] |
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Nagano has a [[mayor-council]] form of government with a directly elected mayor and a [[unicameral]] city legislature of 39 members. The city and neighboring towns of [[Shinano, Nagano|Shinano]], [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna]], and [[Ogawa, Nagano|Ogawa]] contribute 11 members to the 57-member [[Nagano Prefectural Assembly]]. In terms of national politics, parts of Nagano can be found in one of two national districts, '''Nagano 1st District''', which consists of [[Iiyama, Nagano|Iiyama]], [[Nagano, Nagano|Nagano]] (except for the recently annexed areas in District 2), [[Nakano, Nagano|Nakano]], and [[Suzaka, Nagano|Suzaka]], as well as the [[Kamitakai District, Nagano|Kamitakai]], [[Shimominochi District, Nagano|Shimominochi]], and [[Shimotakai District, Nagano|Shimotakai]], and '''Nagano 2nd District''', which consists of [[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]] and [[Ōmachi, Nagano|Ōmachi]], as well as the [[Higashichikuma District, Nagano|Higashichikuma]], [[Kamiminochi District, Nagano|Kamiminochi]], [[Kitaazumi District, Nagano|Kitaazumi]], [[Minamiazumi District, Nagano|Minamiazumi]], and several areas annexed into [[Nagano, Nagano|Nagano]] city, specifically the [[Sarashina District, Nagano|Sarashina]] as well as the former towns of [[Kinasa, Nagano|Kinasa]], [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]], and [[Toyono, Nagano|Toyono]], in the [[House of Representatives (Japan)|lower house]] of the [[National Diet]]. |
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== |
===Government=== |
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====Mayors==== |
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The city's main railway hub, [[Nagano Station]], and the smaller [[Shinonoi Station]], were expanded for the 1998 Winter Olympics. The [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]] opened in 1997, connecting Nagano to [[Takasaki, Gunma]]. Nagano Station also serves the [[Shinano Railway Line]], [[Shin'etsu Main Line]], and [[Iiyama Line]]. The [[Japan Railways|JR]] [[Chūō Main Line]] connects Nagano to the major city of [[Nagoya, Aichi|Nagoya]] in [[Aichi Prefecture]]. |
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;Non-direct election |
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*Hachirouemon Sato, 1897-1899 (assumed office as City Hall clerk)<ref>{{cite web |title=歴代長野市長 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/shicyo/18773.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=5 June 2019}}</ref> |
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*Kouemon Suzuki, 1899-1911 (two terms) |
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*Hajime Makino, 1911-1921 (two terms) |
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*Koji Mita, 1921 |
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*Bensaburou Maruyama, 1922-1934 (three terms) |
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*Nanasawa, 1934 |
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*Iuemon Fujii, 1934-1937 |
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*Takano, 1937-1941 |
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*[[Kuraji Ishigaki]], 1941-1942 (died in office) |
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*Takano, 1942-1946 |
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;Mayors: Direct election |
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* Hisashimon Matsuhashi, 1947-1952 (two terms) |
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* Itaru Kurashima, 1954-1962 (two terms) |
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* Tadao Natsume, 1962-1973 (three terms) |
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* Masayuki Yanagihara, 1973-1985 (three terms) |
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* [[Tasuku Tsukada]], 1985-2001 (four terms) |
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* Shouichi Washizawa, 2001-2013 (three terms) |
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* [[Hisao Katō]], 2013–2021 (two terms) |
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* [[Kenji Ogiwara]], 2021–present (one term) |
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===National=== |
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The [[Nagano Electric Railway]] also runs the [[Nagano Electric Railway Nagano Line|Nagano Line]] to major sites around Nagano City and its suburbs. |
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====Ministry==== |
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* [[Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications]] |
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** Shin-Etsu Communications Bureau |
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** Nagano Administration Evaluation Office |
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* [[Ministry of Justice (Japan)|Ministry of Justice]] |
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** Nagano District Public Prosecutors Office |
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** Nagano Regional Legal Bureau |
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** Nagano Probation Office |
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** Nagano Public Security Research Office |
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** Nagano Juvenile Detention Facility |
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** Nagano Prison, Nagano Detention Office |
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** Tokyo Office of Entry and Residence, Nagano Office |
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** Judicial bodies |
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*** Nagano District Court |
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*** Nagano Family Court |
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*** Nagano Summary Court |
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* [[Ministry of Finance (Japan)|Ministry of Finance]] |
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** Nagano Finance Office |
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** Nagoya Customs Nagano District Cabinet Order Office |
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** Kanto Shin-Etsu National Tax Dispute Tribunal Nagano Branch |
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** Nagano Tax Office |
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* [[Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare]] |
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** Nagano Labor Bureau |
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** Nagano Public Employment Security Office |
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** Shinonoi Public Employment Security Office |
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** Nagano Labor Standards Supervision Station |
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* Japan Pension Service |
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** Nagano Kita Pension Office |
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** Nagano Minami Pension Office |
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* [[Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)|Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries]] |
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** Nagano Agricultural Administration Office |
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*** Nagano Statistics and Information Center |
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** Chubu Forest Management Bureau |
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* [[Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism]] |
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** Nagano Regional Meteorological Observatory |
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** Japan Meteorological Agency Matsushiro Earthquake Observatory |
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** Hokuriku Regional Development Bureau Chikuma River River Office |
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** Kanto Regional Development Bureau Nagano management office |
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** Kanto Regional Development Bureau Nagano National Highway Office |
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* [[Ministry of the Environment (Japan)|Ministry of the Environment]] |
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** 長野自然環境事務所 |
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*** 戸隠自然保護官事務所 |
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* [[Ministry of Defense (Japan)|Ministry of Defense]] |
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** SDF Nagano Regional Cooperation Headquarters |
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===Prefectural=== |
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The city is connected by rail south to [[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]] via the [[Shinonoi Line]], which terminates at Shinonoi Station. |
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*Nagano Prefectural Government Building |
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==Public facilities== |
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Buses for Kawanaka-jima Bus and the Nagano Dentetsu Bus Co. service the city, and depart both Nagano Station and the Nagano Bus Terminal just west of the station. |
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[[File:Nagano City Library.JPG|thumb|200px|Nagano City Library]] |
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===Library=== |
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The city's nearest domestic airport is [[Matsumoto Airport]], connected via a 70-minute express bus from Nagano City. |
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* Nagano City Library, located approximately 1.5 kilometers north of [[Nagano Station]], near the Shinano Educational Museum |
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* Nagano City Nambu Library, located 400 meters south of [[Shinonoi Station]] |
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* Nagano Prefectural Library, located 800 meters south of Nagano Station |
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* The [[University of Nagano]] public library, located 700 meters north of [[Hongō Station (Nagano)|Hongō Station]] |
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* Nagano City Lifelong Learning Center, located 350 meters west of [[Shiyakushomae Station (Nagano)|Shiyakushomae Station]] |
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==External relations== |
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===Twin towns – sister cities=== |
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====International==== |
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;Sister City |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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![[City]]!![[Country]]!![[State (polity)|State]]!!since |
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|- |
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|[[Clearwater, Florida|Clearwater]] |
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|{{Flagicon|USA}}[[United States]] |
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|[[Florida]] |
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|March 1959 |
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|- |
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|[[Shijiazhuang]] |
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|{{Flagicon|CHN}}[[China]] |
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|[[Hebei]] |
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|April 1981 |
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|- |
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|[[Ecatepec]] ([[Ciudad Azteca]]) |
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|{{Flagicon|MEX}}[[Mexico]] |
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|[[State of Mexico|Mexico]] |
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|March 2004 |
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|} |
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====National==== |
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;Partnership cities |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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![[City]]!![[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]!![[List of regions of Japan|region]]!!since |
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|- |
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|[[Jōetsu, Niigata|Jōetsu]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Niigata}}[[Niigata Prefecture|Niigata]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|October 14, 2005 |
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|- |
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|[[Kanazawa, Ishikawa|Kanazawa]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Ishikawa}}[[Ishikawa Prefecture|Ishikawa]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|February 15, 2007 |
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|- |
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|[[Kōfu]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Yamanashi}}[[Yamanashi Prefecture|Yamanashi]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|September 1, 2007 |
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|- |
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|[[Shizuoka (city)|Shizuoka]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Shizuoka}}[[Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|July 1, 2010 |
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|- |
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|[[Toyama (city)|Toyama]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Toyama}}[[Toyama Prefecture|Toyama]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|October 2, 2012 |
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|- |
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|[[Fukui (city)|Fukui]] |
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|{{Flagicon|Fukui}}[[Fukui Prefecture|Fukui]] |
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|[[Chūbu region]] |
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|August 9, 2013 |
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|} |
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==Economy== |
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The gross value of goods and services of the economy in the city of Nagano in 2016 was estimated to be 4,438,580,046,000 yen, approximately US$40.5 billion.<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市の事業所 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/uploaded/attachment/322997.pdf |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019|page=12}}</ref> The largest percentage of this, 41.8%, was related to wholesale and retail, followed by healthcare and welfare, 25.9%, manufacturing, was 13.7%.<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市の事業所 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/uploaded/attachment/322997.pdf |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019|page=12}}</ref> |
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In 2016, Nagano City had 183,710 people in employment, with 21.1% of workers in wholesale or retail, 14.%% in healthcare and welfare, and 11.6% are in manufacturing.<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市の事業所 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/uploaded/attachment/323976.xls|website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019|page=12}}</ref> Other major employers include hotels and restaurants, 9% of employees, and construction industry, 7.9%; farming and forestry workers comprised 1.1% of the working population.<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市の事業所 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/uploaded/attachment/323976.xls|website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019|page=12}}</ref> |
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===Major companies with headquarters in Nagano City=== |
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{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|style=width: 600px;| |
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* Densan (information processing) |
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* [[Hachijuni Bank]] (financial) |
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* Heiando (bookstore) |
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* Hokto (agriculture) |
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* Hokushinrika (physical and chemical equipment sales) |
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* Kakuto (construction) |
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* Kawanakajima Bus (transportation) |
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* Kitano Construction (construction) who established the [[Kitano Museum of Art]] |
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* Kyowa (service) |
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* Maeda Seisakusho (machinery) |
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* Maruchi (food wholesaler) |
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* [[Marukome]] (food) |
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* Moriki (pharmaceuticals) |
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* Moriya (construction) |
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* Nagaden Bus (transportation) |
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* [[Nagano Electric Railway]] (transportation) |
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* Nagano Japan Radio (electronics) |
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* Nagano Tokyu Department Store |
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* Nagano Toshi Gas (gas supplier) |
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* Ogasaka Ski (ski manufacturer) |
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* Shinko Electric Industries (electronics) |
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* Sunny Health (health food) |
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* Takachiho (souvenir wholesaler) |
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* Takamisawa (glass, concrete, ...) |
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* Takasawa (steel, construction materials) |
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* Tokyo Horei (publishing) |
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* Tosys (construction) |
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* Yawataya Isogoro (spices) |
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}} |
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===Other major companies in Nagano City=== |
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*[[Fujitsu]] has a [[magnetic storage]] device and [[circuit board]] factory in Nagano |
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*[[Japan Post Holdings|Japan Post]] has one of its 10 national {{nihongo|''Postal College''|郵政大学校|Yuuseidaigakkou}} training centers located in Nagano City, 1.5 km east of [[Nagano Station]]. |
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*Nishina, a manufacturer of hydraulic equipment for construction machinery and industrial vehicles, including [[forklift]]s, was established in 1939.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nishina Company Profile|url=http://www.nishina-ind.co.jp/english/index.html |website=Nishina |publisher=Nishina Industrial Co |access-date=May 8, 2019}}</ref> It's HQ and one of its factories are in the [[Toyono, Nagano|Toyono]] area of Nagano City. Another of its factories is in neighboring [[Suzaka, Nagano|Suzaka]]. In 2001, Nishina joined the [[Toyota Industries]] group. |
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*[[Ricoh]] |
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===Mass media=== |
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====Regional newspapers==== |
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* Shinano Mainichi newspaper |
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* Nagano Shinmin newspaper |
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====Television==== |
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[[File:NHK Studio Nagano.jpg|thumb|NHK Studio in the Wakasato District of Nagano]] |
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* [[NHK]] Nagano |
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* [[Shin-etsu Broadcasting|Shin-etsu Broadcasting (SBC)]] ([[Japan News Network]]) |
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* [[Nagano Broadcasting Systems|Nagano Broadcasting Systems (NBS)]] ([[Fuji News Network]]) |
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* [[TV Shinshu]] ([[Nippon News Network]]) and ([[Nippon Television Network System]]) |
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* [[Asahi Broadcasting Nagano|Asahi Broadcasting Nagano (ABN)]] ([[All-Nippon News Network]]) |
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* Information Network Community (Shinano Mainichi Newspaper Network) |
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==Education== |
==Education== |
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[[File:UniversityOfNagano.jpg|thumb|200px|The [[University of Nagano]] Main Entrance]] |
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===Elementary Schools=== |
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[[File:SeiJo Nagano Station.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Seisen Jogakuin College]] at [[Nagano Station]], East Exit]] |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/aokijjs/ Aokijima Elementary School] |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/nabeyajs/ Nabeyata Elementary School] |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/shiozajs/e-index.htm Shiozaki Elementary School] |
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=== |
===Universities and colleges=== |
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Nagano is home to several private and public universities. Four of the ten universities recognized as major universities in the prefecture have campuses in the city, including the newest prefectural university, [[University of Nagano|The University of Nagano]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pref.nagano.lg.jp/kokusai/government/english/introduction/|title=Introduction to Nagano Prefecture / Nagano Prefectural Government|last=Government|first=Nagano Prefectural|website=www.pref.nagano.lg.jp|language=en|access-date=2018-05-25}}</ref> |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/imoijh/ Imoi Junior High school] |
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;Public |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/kotokujh/home_e.html Kotoku Junior High school] |
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*[[Shinshu University]], ''Shindai'' is a [[List of national universities in Japan|Japanese national university]] with campuses also in [[Matsumoto, Nagano|Matsumoto]], [[Ueda, Nagano|Ueda]], and [[Minamiminowa, Nagano]]. |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/naniaijh/ Naniai Junior High School] |
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*[[University of Nagano|The University of Nagano]], a 4-year university, replaced the 2-year Nagano Prefectural College in 2018. The university has two campuses, named for their location in Nagano, Miwa Campus and Gocho Campus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.u-nagano.ac.jp/en/about/access.html|title=Access|The UNIVERSITY OF NAGANO|website=The UNIVERSITY OF NAGANO|language=en|access-date=2019-05-21}}</ref> The university has an affiliated [[University of Nagano#The Center for Social Innovation Initiatives (CSI)|Center for Social Innovation Initiatives]]. The university is unique in Japan in that all first-year students live in a dormitory and all second-year students take part in overseas study programs. |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/seibujh/ Seibu Junior High School] |
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*[[Nagano Prefectural College]], is a 2-year prefectural college in the Miwa area of Nagano City. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1929. It became the 4-year university, The University of Nagano, in April 2018.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO28893590S8A400C1L31000/|script-title=ja:長野県内で企業の入社式や辞令交付式|work=日本経済新聞 電子版|date=2 April 2018 |access-date=2019-04-21|language=ja-JP}}</ref> Nagano Prefectural College will close when its final students graduate in March 2020. |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/shinonjh/ Shinonoi-Nishi Junior High School] |
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*National Institute of Technology, Nagano College, is a national engineering college located in the Tokuma area of Nagano City. The national college has 5 departments: Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronics and Control Engineering, Electronic and Computer Science, and Civil Engineering.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nagano-nct.ac.jp/english/departments/index.php|title=NIT Departments|access-date=2019-04-21|language=ja-EN}}</ref> |
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*Nagano Prefectural Agricultural College is a two-year practical, comprehensive agricultural college located in the Matsushiro area of Nagano. |
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;Private |
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===High Schools=== |
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*[[Seisen Jogakuin College]] is a Catholic private women's college, with both 4-year and 2-year programs in its attached [[Seisen Jogakuin College (Junior College)]]. It has a sister school, [[Seisen University (Tokyo)|Seisen University]] located in [[Tokyo]]. Its newest campus opened in April 2019 beside the east exit of [[Nagano Station]]. |
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* [http://www.nagano-ngn.ed.jp/satsuki/ Satsuki High School] |
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*[[Nagano Women's Junior College]] is a private women's junior college located in the Miwa area of Nagano, approximately 700 meters to the east of The University of Nagano. |
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* [http://www.nagano-nichidai.ed.jp/ Nagano Nihon University High School] |
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*Nagano University of Health and Medicine opened in 2015 in the Kawanakajima area of Nagano. It has a Faculty of Nursing and a Faculty of Health Science for rehabilitation. |
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*[[Seisen Jogakuin College (Junior College)]], established in 1966, is a specialized training school. |
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;Former schools |
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*[[Nagano College of Economics]] was a junior college in Nagano from 1967 to 2009. |
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===High schools=== |
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Nagano Nihon University High School has one of the most well-known sports programs in Nagano prefecture. Its track and field club has taken part in a national interscholastic meet. The long distance running team took part in the national high school Ekiden championships in 2003 for the first time. Since then, the team has taken part in the national Ekiden twice, in 2004 and 2005. |
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;Prefectural |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano Senior High School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano Yoshida High School |
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** Nagano Prefectural Yoshida Senior High School Fixed Part-time School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano West Senior High School |
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** Nagano Senior Nagano West Senior High School Chujo School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano East Senior High School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano High School of Technology |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano Commercial Senior High School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Nagano South Senior High School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Sarashina Agriculture High School |
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* Nagano Prefectural Shinonoi High School |
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** Nagano Prefectural Shinonoi High School Saikyou Branch |
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* Nagano Prefectural Matsushiro High School |
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;Municipal |
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* Nagano City Nagano Junior and Senior High School |
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;Private |
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* Nagano Seisen Jogakuin Junior and Senior High School |
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* Nagano Women's High School |
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* Nagano Shunei Senior High School |
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* Nagano [[Nihon University]] Junior and Senior High School |
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* Bunka Gakuen Nagano Junior and Senior High School |
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* Tsukuba Kaisei High School, Nagano Learning Center |
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=== |
===Primary and secondary education=== |
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Nagano has 55 public elementary schools and 24 public middle schools operated by the city government, along with one public middle school operated by the national government and four private middle schools. The city has 12 public high schools operated by the Nagano Prefectural Board of Education, of which three are vocational, one public high school operated by the city government, and five private high schools. In addition, the city has four special education schools. |
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* [http://www.nagano-nct.ac.jp/index-e.html Nagano National College of Technology (長野工業高等専門学校)] |
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== |
==Transportation== |
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[[File:E2 J6 Asama Karuizawa 19980218.jpg|thumb|200px|A [[Nagano Shinkansen]] [[E2 Series Shinkansen|E2 Series]] "J" set in February 1998 built for the [[1998 Winter Olympics]]]] |
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* [http://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/ Nagano official website] {{ja icon}} |
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[[File:Nagano Station Zenkoji side in Night.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Nagano Station]] [[Zenkō-ji]] exit at night.]] |
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* [http://www.nagano-cvb.or.jp/english/index.html Nagano Convention & Visitors Bureau] |
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[[File:2010062114090000.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Odakyu 10000 series HiSE|Nagano Electric Railway 1000 Series]] Train at [[Hongō Station (Nagano)|Hongō Station]]]] |
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* [http://www.2005sowwg.com/ Nagano 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games official website] |
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* [http://www.shigakogen.gr.jp/english/ Shiga Kogen Ski Resort] |
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* [http://www.nagaden-net.co.jp/ Nagano Electric Railway Co., Ltd.] {{ja icon}} |
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* [http://yudanaka-onsen.info/ yudanaka-spa] {{ja icon}} |
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* [http://www.zenkoji.jp/ Zenkoji Official Site] {{ja icon}} |
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* [http://www.forestrescue.com Nature, Culture & Technology Issues & Activities around Nagano] |
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===Airways=== |
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====Airport==== |
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The nearest airport is [[Matsumoto Airport]], connected via a 70-minute express bus from Nagano City. |
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===Railways=== |
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The city's main railway hub is [[Nagano Station]]. The coming of the [[1998 Winter Olympics]] saw important changes to the transportation systems. Nagano Station and the smaller [[Shinonoi Station]] were expanded, and with the construction of the Athletes village for the Games in the Kawanakajima area, [[Imai Station]] was opened. Finally, the [[Hokuriku Shinkansen]], initially named the ''Nagano Shinkansen'', connecting Nagano to [[Takasaki, Gunma]] where it merges with the [[Jōetsu Shinkansen]] and continues to [[Ōmiya Station (Saitama)|Ōmiya Station]] and [[Tokyo Station]], opened in 1997 to accommodate the expected increase in travelers to Nagano. This reduced by half the travel time between [[Tokyo]] and Nagano, to 79 minutes for 221 kilometers.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hanazawa |first1=Nahomi |title=Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 1: Planning and Support |date=1999 |publisher=NAOC |location=Nagano |isbn=4784098259 |page=240 |url=https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/66018/the-xviii-olympic-winter-games-official-report-nagano-1998-the-organizing-committee-for-the-xviii-ol?_lg=en-GB#_ga=2.180058080.593715491.1556337607-881899984.1556337607 |access-date=11 May 2019}}</ref> As the main railway hub of the region, Nagano Station connects [[JR East]], [[Shinano Railway]], and [[Nagano Electric Railway]] in the city center. The JR trains carry 36,612 passengers per day with private rail carrying another 15,082 (and buses carry 20,229 passengers).<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市統計書 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/kikaku-toukei/40502.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=10 May 2019}}</ref> |
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====High-speed rail==== |
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;[[File:JR logo (east).svg|20px]][[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) |
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*[[Hokuriku Shinkansen]]: - '''{{STN|Nagano}}''' - |
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====Conventional lines==== |
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;[[File:JR logo (east).svg|20px]][[East Japan Railway Company]] (JR East) |
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*[[Shin'etsu Main Line]]: - {{STN|Shinonoi}} - {{STN|Imai}} - {{STN|Kawanakajima}} - {{STN|Amori}} - '''{{STN|Nagano}}''' - |
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*[[Shinonoi Line]]: - {{STN|Inariyama}} - {{STN|Shinonoi}} - |
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*[[Iiyama Line]]: - {{STN|Toyono}} - {{STN|Shinano-Asano}} - {{STN|Tategahana}} - |
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;[[File:Shinano Railway Symbolmark.svg|20px]][[Shinano Railway]] (Shintetsu) |
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*[[Shinano Railway Kita-Shinano Line|Kita-Shinano Line]]: '''{{STN|Nagano}}''' - {{STN|Kita-Nagano}} - {{STN|Sansai}} - {{STN|Toyono}} - |
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*[[Shinano Railway Line]]: - {{STN|Shinonoi}} - |
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;[[File:NER-mark.svg|20px]][[Nagano Electric Railway]] |
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*[[Nagano Electric Railway|Nagano Line]]: '''{{STN|Nagano}}''' - {{STN|Shiyakushomae|Nagano}} - {{STN|Gondō}} - {{STN| Zenkōjishita}} - {{STN|Hongō|Nagano}} - {{STN|Kirihara|Nagano}} - {{STN|Shinano-Yoshida}} - {{STN|Asahi|Nagano}} - {{STN| Fuzokuchūgakumae}} - {{STN|Yanagihara|Nagano}} - |
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===Busways=== |
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Buses for the [[Kawanakajima Bus]] and the Nagano Dentetsu Bus Co. service the city and surrounding areas, departing both Nagano Station and the Nagano Bus Terminal just west of the station. Local bus provider, [[Alpico Kōtsū]], departs from a dedicated office across the street from the Zenkō-ji Exit of [[Nagano Station]]. Long-distance highway bus services depart from the East Exit of [[Nagano Station]]. There is also a daily bus to [[Narita International Airport|Narita Airport]]. |
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''Gururin-go'' is a central district bus that runs in a circular loop from Nagano Station to Zennoji, passing [[Zenkō-ji]], the Nagano Prefectural Office, and the Nagano Bus Terminal. Regardless of where you board or disembark, the fare is 150 yen.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.alpico.co.jp/access/nagano/gururin/#station|title=Nagano City Circular Bus "Gururin-go"|access-date=2019-04-28 |language=ja}}</ref> |
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===Roads=== |
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====Expressway==== |
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*[[Image:JP Expressway E18.svg|24px|link=|alt=E18]] [[Jōshin-etsu Expressway]] |
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*[[Image:JP Expressway E50.svg|24px|link=|alt=E50]] [[Nagano Expressway]] |
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====Japan National Route==== |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|18}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|19}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|117}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|403}} |
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*{{jct|country=JPN|Route|406}} |
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==Local attractions== |
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Nagano is surrounded by mountains which boast hiking, camping, and cycling. In addition, the city includes 46 national-designated cultural assets, 55 prefectural-designated cultural assets, 298 municipal-designated cultural assets, and finally 59 national-registered structures and 7 monuments in Nagano city.<ref>{{cite web |title=長野市の文化財 |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/site/kanko-nagano/63032.html |website=Nagano City Official Website |publisher=Nagano City |access-date=11 May 2019}}</ref> |
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===Temples and shrines=== |
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[[File:Togakusi zuishinmon.jpg|thumb|Route to [[Togakushi Shrine]]]] |
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*[[Zenkō-ji]] Buddhist temple and pilgrimage destination, that was established in its current location in the middle of the 7th century. |
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*[[Togakushi Shrine|Togakushi]] Shrine, a complex of five Shinto shrines, in the mountains above Nagano, whose uppermost shrine is approached via a path of more than 300 [[Cryptomeria]] trees. |
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*'''Saikou-ji''', a [[Jōdo-shū|Jōdo-shū (Jōdo Buddhism)]] temple, approximately 1 kilometer west of Zenkō-ji. |
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*'''Miwa Shrine''', likely started in the 9th century, is located near [[Hongō Station (Nagano)|Hongō Station]]. |
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*'''Yushimatenmangu Shrine''' in Wakaho is a branch of [[Yushima Tenman-gū]] which is located in [[Bunkyō]], [[Tokyo]]. |
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===Historical sites=== |
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[[File:Fujiyagohonjin.jpg|thumb|The [[Taishō| Taishō era]] the Fujiya Gohonjin Hotel and Restaurant (built in 1925) in Daimon-cho.]] |
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[[File:Matsushiro Castle 20100919-03.jpg|thumb|Matsushiro Castle moats and reconstructed gate]] |
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[[File:BattleKawanakajima.jpg|thumb|The Battle of Kawanakajima - Takeda Shingen on the left and Uesugi Kenshin on the right]] |
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* Monzenmachi is the surrounding area in front of the gate leading to [[Zenkō-ji]]. The area has historical buildings, lodgings, shops, and restaurants. |
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** Zenkoji Nakamise-dori Street, a stone-paved street extending from Niomon Gate of Zenkoji, has many local shops. |
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** Daimon-cho, old merchant houses from the [[Taisho era]], with stone lanterns and large pavement stones |
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** Patio Daimon, a commercial complex, that opened in 2017, that was established by renovating old warehouses and merchant houses. |
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*[[Matsushiro Castle]], with its surrounding castle town, preserves many [[samurai]] residences, temples, and gardens of the Edo period. |
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** Chokokuji Temple, the [[Sanada clan]] family temple, with the ancestral tomb of [[Sanada Nobuyuki]], is an [[Important Cultural Property (Japan)|important cultural property]]. |
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** The [[Bunbu School]] (Matsushiro Literary and Military School) is a National Historic Site located next to Matsushiro Castle |
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**The Matsushiro Clan Sanada Jumangoku Festival, in mid-October, is a recreation of a 16th-century procession and performance. |
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** Nearby is the former residence of the Yokota family, a middle-class [[samurai]], with a [[Minka|''minka'' (thatched-roof)]] and garden with seasonal flowers. |
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** Also nearby is the [[Sakuma Shōzan|Sakuma Zozan]] Shrine. Zozan was a 19th Japanese scholar, scientist, and linguist who advocated the opening up of Japan. In 1864, Zozan was assassinated by [[Kawakami Gensai]], one of the most famous assassins of the [[Bakumatsu| Bakumatsu period]], as Zozan was on return from [[Kyoto]] on a failed visit to see [[Emperor Kōmei]] to seek the opening of Japanese ports. Zozan, "''a driving force in pioneering a new age''",<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.u-nagano.ac.jp/academics/synthesis.html|title=教養教育|access-date=2019-04-18}}</ref> inspires the [[University of Nagano]] "''to act as a source for regional revitalization and reinvigoration and as a base for knowledge that will activate industry, culture, and lifestyles in Nagano''".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.u-nagano.ac.jp/academics/synthesis.html|title=教養教育|access-date=2019-04-18}}</ref> |
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** [[Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters]] (松代大本営跡 Matsushiro Daihon'ei Ato) was a large underground bunker complex built during the Second World War, constructed so that the central organs of government of [[Imperial Japan]] could be transferred there. Construction began in November 1944 and continued until [[Surrender of Japan|Japan's surrender]] on August 15, 1945. Between 7,000 and 10,000 Korean [[slave labor]]ers were used to build the complex, and it is estimated that 1,500 of them died.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cook |first1=Haruko Taya |last2=Cook |first2=Theodore F |title="Chapter 22 - Interview with Yamane Masako". Japan at War: An Oral History |date=1992 |publisher=New Press |isbn=1565840399 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/japanatwaroralhi00cook_0 }}</ref> |
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*[[Battles of Kawanakajima|Kawanakajima Battlefields]], located in the southern section of present-day Nagano City, is where a series of 16th century battles occurred between [[Takeda Shingen]] and [[Uesugi Kenshin]] during the warring [[Sengoku period]]. |
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** The Nagano City Museum is here.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/museum/ |website=Nagano City Museum |publisher=Nagano City Museum |access-date=1 May 2019|title=長野市立博物館 }}</ref> |
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** Also nearby is the Tenku-ji Temple, where prayers are offered for war dead of the Kawanakajima battles. This temple is the family temple of Shingen's brother, [[Takeda Nobushige|Nobushige]], who died in 1561 in one of the battles. Included at the temple is a 5-meter statue of the ruler of the [[underworld]] in [[Buddhist mythology]], [[Yama (Buddhism)|'''King Enma''' (閻魔王, Enma-ō)]]. |
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===Other sites=== |
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[[File:Kitano Art Museum.jpg|thumb|[[Kitano Museum of Art]]]] |
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* [[Nagano Prefectural Art Museum|Nagano Prefectural Shinano Art Museum]] / Higashiyama Kaii Gallery is located 100m from [[Zenkō-ji]]. |
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* [[Nagano Prefectural Art Museum]] |
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* [[Mizuno Museum of Art]] |
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* [[Kitano Museum of Art]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Kitano Museum of Art |url=http://kitano-museum.or.jp/en/ |website=Kitano Museum of Art |publisher=Kitano Museum of Art Foundation |access-date=May 5, 2019}}</ref> is an important regional art museum located in the Wakaho district of Nagano City, located approximately 7.5 km southeast of Nagano Station. Its collection of art includes works by: |
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** (Japanese): [[Takeuchi Seihō]], [[Uemura Shōen]], [[Kanzan Shimomura]], [[Hishida Shunsō]], [[Gyoshū Hayami]], [[Kiyokata Kaburagi]], [[Shinsui Itō]] |
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** (Western): [[Pierre-Auguste Renoir]], [[Pablo Picasso]], [[Tsuguharu Foujita]], [[Armand Guillaumin]], [[Henri-Edmond Cross]], [[Marc Chagall]], [[Pierre Bonnard]], [[Bernard Buffet]], [[Emilio Greco]], and [[Auguste Rodin]]. |
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* Chibikko Ninja-mura (Kids Ninja Village), Togakushi, from late April to late November. |
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* Sporting venues built for the Winter Olympics including the [[M-Wave]] speed skating arena (with the world's largest wooden suspension roof), [[Big Hat]] arena, and the [[Aqua Wing Arena]]. |
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* The [[Ōmuro Kofun group]] and the [[Senryū-Shōgunzuka Kofun - Himezuka Kofun]] are two groups of [[Kofun period]] burial mounds located outside the city. Both are National Historic Sites. |
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==Culture== |
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===Events=== |
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* Nagano Tomyo Festival is a light and lantern festival held every February to commemorate the [[1998 Winter Olympics]]. |
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* [[Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon]], an [[IAAF Bronze Label Road Race]], takes place in mid-April. |
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* ''[[Hanami]]'' - cherry blossom viewing - in Joyama Park behind Zenkō-ji is possible from mid-to-late April. |
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* Nagano Floral Festa Zenkoji Temple - flowers and flower art at Nagano Station and Omotesando - held in early May to welcome spring. |
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* Buckwheat blossom viewing, mid-July to mid-September, [[Togakushi, Nagano|Togakushi]] |
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* Kijo ("Ogress") Momoji Festival held in mid-October in [[Iizuna, Nagano|Iizuna]], celebrates this woman and the beauty of nature. |
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* Togakushi Soba Festival, early November |
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* Yoi Ebisu and Ebisuko Fireworks display, dedicated to the god of fortune, [[Ebisu (mythology)|Ebisu]] held in late November. |
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===Sports=== |
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*[[Nagano Sports Park]] is a municipal and prefectural sporting ground that includes the [[Aqua Wing Arena]], [[Nagano Athletic Stadium]], tennis courts, a baseball stadium, and a gymnasium. The sports park is accessible by Bus 7 from [[Nagano Station]], or a 15-minute walk from [[Asahi Station (Nagano)|Asahi Station]] on the [[Nagano Electric Railway]]. |
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* [[AC Nagano Parceiro]] is a Japanese [[association football|football]] club based in [[Nagano, Nagano|Nagano]] that represents Nagano in [[J3 League]]. |
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* [[AC Nagano Parceiro Ladies]], based in Nagano, is a women's football team that currently plays in the [[Japan Women's Football League#Nadeshiko League Div.1 (Division 1)|Nadeshiko League 1]], the highest division of women's football in Japan. |
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* [[Shinshu Brave Warriors]] is a professional [[basketball]] team that competes in the second division of the Japanese [[B.League]].<ref>{{cite web |last=B.League |url=https://www.bleague.jp/ |title=Bリーグ|date=3 October 2016 |access-date=3 October 2016}}</ref> |
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* [[Shinano Grandserows]] are an independent minor [[baseball]] team that plays in the [[Baseball Challenge League]] (Route Inn BCL) in [[Nagano City]], at the [[Nagano Olympic Stadium]]. |
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* Boaluz Nagano are a [[futsal]] team in the [[F. League]]. They play at the [[White Ring (arena)]]. |
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* Nagano City [[Gliding]] Field, which opened in 1974, is located in the Wakaho district of Nagano City along the [[Chikuma River]]. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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!scope="col"| Club |
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!scope="col"| Sport |
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!scope="col"| League |
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!scope="col"| Venue |
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!scope="col"| Established |
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|- |
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| style="background:#EB6100"| [[AC Nagano Parceiro|<span style="color:#1F2C5C">AC Nagano Parceiro</span>]] |
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| [[Soccer]] |
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| [[J.League]] |
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| [[Minami Nagano Sports Park Stadium]] |
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| 1990 |
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|- |
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| style="background:#EB6100"| [[AC Nagano Parceiro Ladies|<span style="color:#1F2C5C;">AC Nagano Parceiro Ladies</span>]] |
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| [[Soccer]] |
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| [[WE League|WE.League]] |
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| [[Minami Nagano Sports Park Stadium]] |
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| 2000 |
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|- |
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| style="background:white"| [[Shinano Grandserows|<span style="color:#C81528">Shinano Grandserows</span>]] |
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| [[Baseball]] |
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| [[Baseball Challenge League|BC.League]] |
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| [[Nagano Olympic Stadium]] |
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| 2006 |
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|- |
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| style="background:#ee1b3c"| [[Boaluz Nagano|<span style="color:#FFF">Boaluz Nagano</span>]] |
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| [[Futsal]] |
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| [[F.League]] |
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| [[White Ring (arena)|White Ring]] |
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| 2011 |
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|- |
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| style="background:#fff33f"| [[Shinshu Brave Warriors|<span style="color:#19315f">Shinshu Brave Warriors</span>]] |
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| [[Basketball]] |
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| [[B.League]] |
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| [[White Ring (arena)|White Ring]] |
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| 2011 |
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|} |
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<gallery mode="packed" style="text-align: center;" caption="" heights="130px" perrow="3"> |
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File:Minaminagano-15032202.JPG|[[Minami Nagano Sports Park Stadium]] |
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File:長野オリンピックスタジアム 一塁側 - panoramio.jpg|[[Nagano Olympic Stadium]] |
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File:ホワイトリング バスケ.png|[[White Ring (arena)|White Ring]] |
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</gallery> |
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==Notable people from Nagano== |
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*[[Yoko Aki]], songwriter, actress, novelist and essayist |
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*[[Kazuo Aoki]], politician |
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*[[Eita (wrestler)|Eita]], professional wrestler |
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*[[Joe Hisaishi]], composer |
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*[[Haruyo Ichikawa]], actress |
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*[[Toshimi Kitazawa]], politician |
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*[[Takeru Kobayashi]], competitive eater |
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*[[Kenji Kosaka]], politician |
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*[[Kiyoshige Koyama]], composer |
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*[[Isao Kuraishi]], actor |
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*[[Tadamichi Kuribayashi]], general, [[Imperial Japanese Army]] |
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*[[Hiro Mashima]], [[manga artist]] |
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*[[Saki Minemura]], professional volleyball athlete |
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*[[Emi Nitta]], voice actress |
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*Harua Shigeta, member of J-pop group [[&Team]] |
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*[[Shusei Tanaka]], politician |
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*[[Rika Tatsumi]], professional wrestler |
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*[[Yuto Adachi]], member of [[K-pop]] boy band [[Pentagon (South Korean band)|Pentagon]] |
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== Gallery == |
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{{Gallery |
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| title =Nagano (city) |
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| align =center |
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| footer = |
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| style = |
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| state = |
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| height =160 |
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| width =160 |
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| captionstyle = |
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| File:Jigokudani hotspring in Nagano Japan 001.jpg |
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| alt1= |
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| [[Japanese macaque]] at [[Jigokudani Monkey Park|Jigokudani]] hotspring |
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| File:ZenkojiWP.jpg |
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| alt2= |
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| [[Zenkō-ji]] |
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| File:Yushimatennmangu Nagano.jpg |
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| alt3= |
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| Yushimatennmangu |
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| File:善光寺口バス乗り場.JPG |
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| alt4= |
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| Downtown Nagano |
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| File:Chuo Street, Nagano City 005.jpg |
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| alt5= |
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| Daimon-cho |
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| File:Nagano Station March 2015.jpg |
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| alt6= |
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| [[Nagano Station]], Zenkō-ji Entrance |
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| File:M-wave.JPG |
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| alt7= |
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| [[M-Wave]] arena |
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| File:Nagano Olympic Stadium.jpg |
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| alt8= |
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| [[Nagano Olympic Stadium]] (Nagano Baseball Stadium) |
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| File:Aqua Wing, Southwest corner.jpg |
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| alt9= |
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| [[Aqua Wing Arena]] |
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| File:Chikuma River Yashima Bridge Nagano.jpg |
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| alt10= |
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| [[Chikuma River]], from Yashima Bridge |
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| File:Nagano Holy Saviour Church.jpg |
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| alt11= |
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| Nagano Holy Saviour (Anglican) Church (est. 1898), a nationally registered [[Tangible Cultural Property (Japan)|Tangible Cultural Property]] |
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| File:Kagami-ike Pond, Togakushi.jpg |
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| alt12= |
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| Kagami-ike Pond, in [[Togakushi, Nagano]] 2019 |
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| File:Skyline of NaganoCity from Unjoden0.jpg |
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| alt13= |
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| Skyline of Nagano City |
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}} |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|2}} |
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{{cite book|title= Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory|first =Nahomi|last=Hanazawa|translator=Norman Kong|editor=The Shinano Mainichi Shimbun|pages=319|location=Nagano (Japan)|year=1999|publisher=NAOC|isbn=4784098267|type=PDF|language=en|url=https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/66018/the-xviii-olympic-winter-games-official-report-nagano-1998-the-organizing-committee-for-the-xviii-ol?_lg=en-GB#_ga=2.180058080.593715491.1556337607-881899984.1556337607}} |
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==External links== |
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{{commons|Nagano}} |
{{commons|Nagano}} |
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{{wikivoyage|Nagano}} |
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*[https://www.city.nagano.nagano.jp/ Official Website] {{in lang|ja}} |
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{{Nagano}} |
{{Nagano}} |
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{{Most populous cities in Japan}} |
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[[Category:Host cities of the Winter Olympic Games]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Nagano Prefecture]] |
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Latest revision as of 18:53, 9 August 2024
Nagano
長野市 | |
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From top of left, Zenkoji, Mount Togakushi, Kinasa village, Nagano Big Hat arena, Aerial in Kawanakajima, Susobana Valley , headquarters of Marukome (famous miso manufacturing company) in Nagano, Oyaki Japanese sweets a.k.a Imagawayaki, Togakushi ski resort , and Matsushiro Castle | |
![]() Location of Nagano in Nagano Prefecture | |
![]() | |
Coordinates: 36°38′55″N 138°11′41″E / 36.64861°N 138.19472°E | |
Country | Japan |
Region | Chūbu (Kōshin'etsu) |
Prefecture | Nagano |
Government | |
• Mayor | Kenji Ogiwara[1] |
Area | |
• Total | 834.81 km2 (322.32 sq mi) |
Population (July 1, 2023) | |
• Total | 365,296 |
• Density | 440/km2 (1,100/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
Phone number | 026-226-4911 |
Address | 1613 Midori-chō, Nagano-shi, Nagano-ken 380-8512 |
Climate | Cfa/Dfa |
Website | Official website |
Symbols | |
Flower | Apple |
Tree | Japanese Lime (Tilia japonica) |
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi, pronounced [naganoꜜ ɕi][2]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).[3] The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023[update], the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km².[4] The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Overview
[edit]Nagano City, located in the former Shinano Province, developed in the Nara period (AD 710 to 794) as a temple town (monzen machi). The city of Nagano is home to Zenkō-ji, a 7th-century Buddhist temple that is listed as a Japanese National Treasure. Zenkō-ji was established at its current location in 642 AD. The location of Zenkō-ji is approximately two kilometers from the present-day central Nagano Station. Between 1553 and 1564, during the Sengoku Period, the Age of Warring States, Nagano was the site of a series of conflicts known as the Battles of Kawanakajima. During the Edo period (1603 and 1868), as the city developed, Nagano became an important post station (shukuba) on the Hokkoku Kaidō highway which connected Edo (present day Tokyo) with coast of the Sea of Japan. Following the Meiji restoration, Nagano became the first established modern town in Nagano prefecture, on April 1, 1897.
The city of Nagano and several surrounding communities hosted the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 1998 Winter Paralympics. Nagano City is an important historical location and an industrial center, as well as a travel destination and a hub for accessing surrounding sightseeing spots, including Japan's onsen-bathing, the snow monkeys in Yamanouchi, and the world-class ski resorts of Hakuba, Shiga Kogen and Nozawaonsen.
1998 Winter Olympics and Paralympics
[edit]Nagano, along with the neighboring communities of Hakuba village, Nozawaonsen, Yamanouchi, Iizuna, and Karuizawa hosted the 1998 Winter Olympics from February 7 to February 22 and the Paralympics from March 5 to March 14. This was the third Olympic Games and second Winter Olympic Games to be held in Japan, after the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, and the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo (the first Winter Games ever held in Asia). As of 2019, Nagano was the southernmost host of the Winter Olympic Games. The Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon is held annually to commemorate the occasion.
One important legacy of the Games was an improved transportation network. In order to facilitate access to Nagano in advance of the Games, the city was linked to the high-speed shinkansen train network. The Nagano Shinkansen (now the Hokuriku Shinkansen) was inaugurated five months before the start of the Games and carried 655,000 passengers during the Winter Olympics.[5] In addition, both Nagano Station and Shinonoi Station were expanded, and Imai Station, in the Kawanakajima area, was built to give access the Athletes village. The Nagano Expressway and the Jōshin-etsu Expressway were built in the Nagano region,[6] and another 114.9 kilometers of roads within Nagano Prefecture were improved.[7]
In addition to a transport legacy, several world-class venues of the 1998 Winter Olympics were built, including M-Wave, Japan's first International Skating Union (ISU) standard indoor 400m double-track,[8] which happens to be one of the largest hanging wooden-roof structures in the world.[9] The Athletes Village, beside the newly constructed Imai Station, was built in advance of the Games by the city of Nagano as future public residential housing, and loaned to the Nagano Olympic Organizing Committee during the Games.[10] A Media Village, composed of a four-block 10-12 storey apartment complex named Asahi Danchi, was built in the Asahi district of Nagano, across the street from the M-Wave.[11][12] Asahi Danchi now includes private sector housing as well as housing for government employees.[13]
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Stylized manhole cover displaying the Nagano Olympics emblem, with tactile paving
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Asagawa Loop Line to Iizuna Kogen Ski Area built in preparations for the 1998 Winter Olympics
Cityscapes
[edit]-
Matsushiro Castle (2010)
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Zenkō-ji (2018)
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Skyline of Nagano City (2019)
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CBD of Nagano (2022)
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Downtown Gondō (2011)
Geography
[edit]Nagano is located in north-central Nagano Prefecture, in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira), surrounding by mountains, near the confluence of the Chikuma River and the Sai River. The Sai River in Nagano should not be confused with the Sai River (Gifu) even though both rivers have the same kanji and reading, 犀川 (Saigawa). Other important rivers include the Susobana River, which originates in the Togakushi highland area, and the Torii River, which also originates in the Togakushi highlands. The Chikuma River is 367.0 km long, 29.5 km of which are within the Nagano city limits. The Sai River is 157.7 km long, with 44.2 km in Nagano. All 40.1 km of the Susobana River are in Nagano City, and 10.4 km of the 34.8 km-long Torii River are in Nagano[14] Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park, Jōshin'etsu-kōgen National Park and Chūbu-Sangaku National Park are each partially located within Nagano City.
The present-day core city of Nagano includes the districts and former towns of Nagano, Shinonoi, Matsushiro, Wakaho, Kawanakajima, Kohoku, Naniai, Shinkomachi, Toyono, Togakushi, Kinasa, Ooka, Shinshushincho, Nakajo.
Surrounding mountains
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Togakushi_to_Okujinja.jpg/200px-Togakushi_to_Okujinja.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Minakamiyama_1.jpg/200px-Minakamiyama_1.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/160430_Ooyachi_shitsugen_Nagano_Japan03s3.jpg/200px-160430_Ooyachi_shitsugen_Nagano_Japan03s3.jpg)
- Mount Takatsuma, 2,353 m, straddles Myōkō, Niigata and Nagano City. It is the highest peak of the Togakushi mountain range, is one of 100 Famous Japanese Mountains, and due to its pyramidal shape it is also known as Togakushi Fuji.[15] Takatsuma is the highest point in Nagano City. The lowest point is located in the Asano area of Toyono, 327.4 meters above sea level.
- Mount Iizuna, 1,917 meters, is a popular area for skiing and is where the Spiral, bobsleigh and luge track for the 1998 Winter Olympics, is located.
- Mount Togakushi, 1,904 m, is located in Nagano City.
- Mount Hijiri, 1,447 m. is located along the border between Nagano City, and Omi in Higashichikuma District, Nagano.
- Daibou Pass, 1,055 m, is located in Nagano City, on the border of Togakushi and Kinasa, Nagano.
- Iizuna Kogen, 1,000 m, is a highland area that extends to the south base of Mount Iizuna in Nagano City.
- Mount Mododori, 744 m, spans northern Nagano City, and Iizuna town. It is a monogenetic volcano that was active approximately 200,000 years ago.
- Mount Dizuki, 733 m, is located on the northwest side of Nagano City.
- Mount Minakami, 659 m, is a lava dome in Matsushiro in Nagano City. Its relative height to the surrounding landscape is 280 m.
Climate
[edit]Nagano has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfa) that borders on a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa). Its location in a sheltered inland valley means it receives less precipitation than any part of Japan except Hokkaidō. The city receives heavy winter snow totaling 2.57 metres (101 in) from December to March, but it is less gloomy during these cold months than the coast from Hagi to Wakkanai.
Climate data for Nagano (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1889−present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 18.1 (64.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
30.8 (87.4) |
34.2 (93.6) |
35.6 (96.1) |
37.9 (100.2) |
38.7 (101.7) |
36.3 (97.3) |
32.2 (90.0) |
26.2 (79.2) |
22.0 (71.6) |
38.7 (101.7) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
5.3 (41.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.1 (79.0) |
29.7 (85.5) |
31.1 (88.0) |
26.2 (79.2) |
19.7 (67.5) |
13.4 (56.1) |
6.9 (44.4) |
17.8 (64.0) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.4 (31.3) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.3 (39.7) |
10.6 (51.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
20.4 (68.7) |
24.3 (75.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
21.0 (69.8) |
14.4 (57.9) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.3 (36.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.9 (25.0) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
4.9 (40.8) |
10.9 (51.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.5 (68.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
17.2 (63.0) |
10.3 (50.5) |
3.4 (38.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
7.9 (46.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −17.0 (1.4) |
−16.4 (2.5) |
−14.6 (5.7) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−1.8 (28.8) |
3.9 (39.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
−11.4 (11.5) |
−15.2 (4.6) |
−17.0 (1.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 54.6 (2.15) |
49.1 (1.93) |
60.1 (2.37) |
56.9 (2.24) |
69.3 (2.73) |
106.1 (4.18) |
137.7 (5.42) |
111.8 (4.40) |
125.5 (4.94) |
100.3 (3.95) |
44.4 (1.75) |
49.4 (1.94) |
965.1 (38.00) |
Average snowfall cm (inches) | 63 (25) |
50 (20) |
17 (6.7) |
2 (0.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1 (0.4) |
30 (12) |
163 (64) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.5 mm) | 12.7 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 11.6 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 11.2 | 130.0 |
Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 74 | 68 | 61 | 63 | 71 | 75 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 79 | 72 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 128.4 | 140.2 | 173.3 | 199.4 | 214.8 | 167.4 | 168.8 | 201.1 | 151.2 | 152.1 | 142.3 | 131.1 | 1,969.9 |
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[16] |
Climate data for Shinshūshinmachi, Nagano (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 15.3 (59.5) |
21.0 (69.8) |
25.8 (78.4) |
30.1 (86.2) |
34.6 (94.3) |
35.8 (96.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
35.3 (95.5) |
29.8 (85.6) |
24.4 (75.9) |
21.6 (70.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.6 (38.5) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.9 (49.8) |
17.1 (62.8) |
22.8 (73.0) |
25.8 (78.4) |
29.2 (84.6) |
30.4 (86.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.2 (55.8) |
6.8 (44.2) |
17.3 (63.2) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.4 (29.5) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
15.1 (59.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
23.9 (75.0) |
19.5 (67.1) |
13.0 (55.4) |
6.6 (43.9) |
1.2 (34.2) |
11.0 (51.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.5 (22.1) |
−5.4 (22.3) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
2.8 (37.0) |
8.5 (47.3) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
19.5 (67.1) |
15.5 (59.9) |
8.8 (47.8) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
6.2 (43.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −15.3 (4.5) |
−13.4 (7.9) |
−10.3 (13.5) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
4.1 (39.4) |
11.6 (52.9) |
11.2 (52.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−12.3 (9.9) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 56.2 (2.21) |
52.4 (2.06) |
76.3 (3.00) |
76.4 (3.01) |
88.7 (3.49) |
123.2 (4.85) |
146.5 (5.77) |
111.2 (4.38) |
148.7 (5.85) |
122.8 (4.83) |
53.8 (2.12) |
51.3 (2.02) |
1,107.4 (43.60) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.4 | 8.8 | 10.8 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 11.0 | 13.4 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 9.1 | 7.6 | 10.3 | 120.6 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 123.2 | 139.5 | 171.6 | 200.4 | 209.3 | 158.7 | 158.1 | 192.1 | 137.1 | 145.0 | 139.5 | 124.8 | 1,899.1 |
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[17][18] |
Demographics
[edit]The population of Nagano City has declined by 10,000 since the mid-1990s. As of April 1, 2019, the city had a total population of 376,080 people, made up of 193,982 women and 182,098 men in 160,625 households.[19]
Historical populations
[edit]Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1920 | 212,182 | — |
1925 | 222,141 | +4.7% |
1930 | 234,503 | +5.6% |
1935 | 239,513 | +2.1% |
1940 | 241,716 | +0.9% |
1945 | 295,090 | +22.1% |
1950 | 300,756 | +1.9% |
1955 | 303,435 | +0.9% |
1960 | 303,458 | +0.0% |
1965 | 310,399 | +2.3% |
1970 | 322,825 | +4.0% |
1975 | 342,120 | +6.0% |
1980 | 358,173 | +4.7% |
1985 | 369,023 | +3.0% |
1990 | 377,261 | +2.2% |
1995 | 387,359 | +2.7% |
2000 | 387,911 | +0.1% |
2005 | 386,572 | −0.3% |
2010 | 381,511 | −1.3% |
2015 | 377,598 | −1.0% |
2020 | 372,760 | −1.3% |
Population of districts of the current Core City of Nagano
[edit]The growth and decline of the population within the various districts of Nagano City has been uneven over the past 70 years[20]
Year | Total | Nagano | Shinonoi | Matsushiro | Wakaho | Kawanakajima | Kohoku | Naniai | Shinkomachi | Toyono | Togakushi | Kinasa | Ooka | Shinshushincho | Nakajo |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1947 | 295,348 | 136,353 | 30,318 | 27,906 | 13,242 | 11,053 | 12,783 | 4,891 | 6,500 | 9,930 | 10,205 | 6,170 | 4,670 | 14,240 | 7,087 |
1950 | 300,756 | 143,494 | 30,068 | 27,131 | 13,063 | 10,794 | 12,807 | 4,911 | 6,385 | 9,869 | 10,281 | 6,209 | 4,560 | 14,040 | 7,144 |
1955 | 303,684 | 152,547 | 29,062 | 25,485 | 12,312 | 10,432 | 12,655 | 4,870 | 6,067 | 9,787 | 9,697 | 6,007 | 4,351 | 13,511 | 6,901 |
1960 | 303,458 | 160,522 | 29,329 | 22,626 | 11,938 | 10,403 | 12,331 | 4,419 | 5,503 | 9,604 | 8,709 | 5,373 | 4,035 | 12,354 | 6,312 |
1965 | 310,399 | 172,836 | 29,304 | 21,451 | 11,404 | 10,975 | 14,228 | 3,962 | 4,964 | 9,110 | 7,547 | 4,397 | 3,405 | 11,324 | 5,456 |
1970 | 322,825 | 187,216 | 30,633 | 20,496 | 11,739 | 12,551 | 14,630 | 3,571 | 4,519 | 9,283 | 6,475 | 3,763 | 2,924 | 10,188 | 4,837 |
1975 | 342,120 | 198,224 | 34,493 | 19,968 | 12,317 | 16,102 | 18,140 | 3,190 | 4,203 | 9,539 | 6,225 | 3,603 | 2,477 | 9,323 | 4,316 |
1980 | 358,173 | 208,703 | 36,432 | 20,786 | 12,766 | 17,314 | 21,321 | 2,995 | 4,043 | 9,633 | 6,074 | 3,223 | 2,249 | 8,616 | 4,018 |
1985 | 369,023 | 216,306 | 37,516 | 21,224 | 12,934 | 18,473 | 23,609 | 3,053 | 3,848 | 9,701 | 5,866 | 2,864 | 2,103 | 7,881 | 3,635 |
1995 | 377,261 | 223,191 | 38,444 | 21,110 | 12,646 | 19,790 | 25,418 | 2,866 | 3,561 | 9,700 | 5,608 | 2,686 | 1,753 | 7,143 | 3,345 |
1995 | 387,359 | 229,952 | 39,601 | 20,790 | 12,687 | 21,624 | 27,928 | 2,633 | 3,301 | 9,819 | 5,218 | 2,523 | 1,602 | 6,596 | 3,085 |
2000 | 387,911 | 228,431 | 39,233 | 19,904 | 12,503 | 24,997 | 29,599 | 2,399 | 3,046 | 10,005 | 4,938 | 2,333 | 1,544 | 6,093 | 2,886 |
2005 | 386,572 | 227,758 | 39,981 | 18,873 | 12,661 | 25,669 | 30,879 | 2,118 | 2,768 | 10,016 | 4,467 | 1,983 | 1,389 | 5,535 | 2,525 |
2010 | 381,511 | 223,787 | 40,380 | 18,161 | 12,570 | 26,416 | 32,075 | 1,873 | 2,434 | 9,825 | 3,986 | 1,700 | 1,154 | 4,892 | 2,258 |
2015 | 377,598 | 221,404 | 41,340 | 17,100 | 12,201 | 26,881 | 33,486 | 1,622 | 2,051 | 9,609 | 3,499 | 1,393 | 960 | 4,135 | 1,917 |
Foreign and non-Japanese residents
[edit]The following table shows the population of foreigners and non-Japanese residents since 2014[21]
Year | Total | Chinese | Korean | Filipino | Vietnamese | Thai | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2014 | 3,394 | 1,619 | 587 | 301 | 136 | 219 | 532 |
2015 | 3,475 | 1,612 | 571 | 320 | 195 | 226 | 551 |
2016 | 3,475 | 1,595 | 542 | 319 | 248 | 239 | 552 |
2017 | 3,576 | 1,576 | 536 | 336 | 314 | 241 | 573 |
2018 | 3,715 | 1,563 | 557 | 344 | 392 | 242 | 617 |
Surrounding municipalities
[edit]- Shinano, located approximately 20 kilometers north of Nagano. Lake Nojiri is found in Shinano. Lake Nojiri was home to Kokusaimura (International Village), a landownership association, made up principally of Christian missionaries who had cottages there from the early 20th Century.
When we first went to Lake Nojiri, the International Village was like an island of affluence in a sea of poverty. But, as the Japanese economy recovered from the war, the scales tipped until we became an island of poverty in a sea of affluence.[22]
— Alden Matthews, My Three Worlds (2007)
- Nakano, located in the Zennoji Plain, on the Chikuma River and surrounded by mountains, experienced significant growth after the 1998 Winter Olympics.
- Suzaka, a former castle town (jōkamachi) during the Edo period Tokugawa shogunate on the opposite side of the Chikuma River from Nagano. The city was noted in the Meiji period for its silk industry. After World War II, an electronics industry was established. The city is also noted for apples and grapes, and the Prefectural Agricultural Research Station is located there.
- Obuse, an important historical tourist town, approximately 30 minutes by Nagano Electric Railway train from Nagano Station. Obuse is home to a Hokusai museum, and Gansho-in, a Buddhist temple, has a ceiling painted by him. The largest hospital in the town, a former tuberculosis sanatorium, was built in the 1930s by J. G. Waller and the Anglican Church of Canada.[23]
- Ueda, approximately 35 kilometers south of Nagano, was a former castle town of the Ueda Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate. The ruins of Ueda Castle are an important historical site in the city.
- Chikuma, located approximately 20 kilometers south of Nagano, includes numerous burial tombs (tumuli) from the Kofun period. During the Nara period, several important Man'yōshū poems were set here. The area around Chikuma prospered during the Edo period as several post stations along the pilgrimage route to the famed Zenkō-ji were located here. Obasute Station, a switchback station is located here.
- Ōmachi is approximately 40 kilometers west of Nagano. The Hida Mountains, also called the Japanese Northern Alps, with 3000m peaks surround Ōmachi. The area was part of the holdings of Matsumoto Domain during the Edo period.
- Omi is approximately 30 kilometers southwest of Nagano Station. The town is in the Hijiiri Highlands, and Hijiri-Kōgen Station is located here, as is Kitayama Dam.
- Chikuhoku is located in the Matsumoto Basin, and the Higashijo Dam and Onikuma Dam are located here. Most of the area was under the control of Matsumoto Domain during the Edo period.
- Ikusaka is approximately 50 kilometers southwest of Nagano, in the center of Nagano Prefecture. Two dams, Ikusaka Dam and Taira Dam are found here. The area of present-day Ikusaka was part of the holdings of Matsumoto Domain during the Edo period.
- Ogawa is approximately 20 kilometers west of Nagano. It is listed as one of The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan. It is an important agriculture center, primarily rice cultivation.
- Hakuba, located 45 km west of Nagano Station, is an internationally renowned ski resort town in the northern Japan Alps. The surrounding valley has an annual snow fall of over 11 meters, and the 10 ski resorts have more than 200 runs. The village was an important site for 1998 Winter Olympics (Alpine skiing, ski jumping, and cross-country). Most of Hakuba is located in Chūbu-Sangaku National Park.
- Otari is located approximately 55 kilometers northwest of Nagano Station. It is in the mountainous far northwest of Nagano Prefecture, bordered by Niigata Prefecture to the north and west. Much of the village is within the borders of the Chūbu-Sangaku National Park or the Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park.
- Myōkō, on the border of Nagano Prefecture, lies in mountains surrounding the historical entrance to the Echigo Plains. The city is surrounded by five mountains. Madarao, Myōkō, Kurohime, Togakushi and Iizuna are collectively known as the Five Peaks of Northern Shinano (Hokushingogaku). Mount Myōkō (2,454 m) is in the city, much of which is within the borders of the Myōkō-Togakushi Renzan National Park.
History
[edit]Ancient ages
[edit]Nagano is located in former Shinano Province and developed from the Nara period as a temple town at the gate of the famous Zenkō-ji, a 7th-century Buddhist temple which was relocated to this location in 642 AD.
In the southern section of Nagano City are a series of over 500 burial mounds at Ōmuro Kofun - a National historic site - dating from the 5th-8th centuries.
Middle ages
[edit]During the Sengoku period (c. 1467 – c. 1600), the area was hotly contested between the forces of the Uesugi clan based in Echigo Province and the Takeda clan based in Kai Province. The several Battles of Kawanakajima between Uesugi Kenshin and Takeda Shingen were fought near here.
Early modern ages
[edit]During the Edo period (1603 and 1868), much of the area came under the control of the Sanada clan based at Matsushiro Domain. The area suffered from flooding in 1742, and from a destructive earthquake in 1847. Post station on the Hokkoku Kaidō highway connecting Edo with the Sea of Japan coast.
Late modern ages
[edit]Following the Meiji restoration and the creation of the municipalities system on April 1, 1889, the modern town of Nagano was established. Nagano was elevated to city status on April 1, 1897. During World War II, construction of the Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters as the last redoubt for the Japanese government following the projected American invasion of Japan was started in 1944, but was aborted in 1945 due to the end of war.
It was the first city founded in Nagano Prefecture and the 43rd city in Japan. Nagano hosted the 1998 Winter Olympics, 1998 Winter Paralympics, and the 2005 Special Olympics World Winter Games.
Contemporary ages
[edit]- Growth of the city
The city borders expanded on July 1, 1923, with the annexation of the neighbouring town of Yoshida and villages of Sarita, Miwa and Komaki.
The city again expanded on April 1, 1954, by annexing neighbouring villages of Asahi, Furusato, Yanagihara, Wakatsuki, Asakawa, Naganuma, Amori, Odagiri, Imoi and Mamejima. In 1959, due to the flooding of Chikuma River, 71 people died or were missing and 20,000 homes were flooded. On October 16, 1966, the city again expanded by annexing the neighbouring towns of Kawanakajima, Matsushiro and Wakaho, and villages of Shinonoi, Kohoku, Shinko, and Naniai. During the 1985 Matsushiro earthquake, 27 people died and 60 homes were destroyed or badly damaged due to landslides. In 1999, Nagano was designated as a core city (中核市, Chūkakushi), a category of Japanese city. Nagano continued to expand on January 1, 2005, by absorbing the municipalities of Toyono, and the village of Togakushi, and Kinasa (from Kamiminochi District), and the village of Ōoka (from Sarashina District).
On January 1, 2010, Nagano absorbed the town of Shinshūshinmachi and the village of Nakajō from Kamiminochi District.[24]
Politics
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Nagano_Prefectural_Government_Japan.jpg/200px-Nagano_Prefectural_Government_Japan.jpg)
Nagano has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 39 members. The city and neighboring towns of Shinano, Iizuna, and Ogawa contribute 11 members to the 57-member Nagano Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, parts of Nagano can be found in one of two national districts, Nagano 1st District, which consists of Iiyama, Nagano (except for the recently annexed areas in District 2), Nakano, and Suzaka, as well as the Kamitakai, Shimominochi, and Shimotakai, and Nagano 2nd District, which consists of Matsumoto and Ōmachi, as well as the Higashichikuma, Kamiminochi, Kitaazumi, Minamiazumi, and several areas annexed into Nagano city, specifically the Sarashina as well as the former towns of Kinasa, Togakushi, and Toyono, in the lower house of the National Diet.
Government
[edit]Mayors
[edit]- Non-direct election
- Hachirouemon Sato, 1897-1899 (assumed office as City Hall clerk)[25]
- Kouemon Suzuki, 1899-1911 (two terms)
- Hajime Makino, 1911-1921 (two terms)
- Koji Mita, 1921
- Bensaburou Maruyama, 1922-1934 (three terms)
- Nanasawa, 1934
- Iuemon Fujii, 1934-1937
- Takano, 1937-1941
- Kuraji Ishigaki, 1941-1942 (died in office)
- Takano, 1942-1946
- Mayors
- Direct election
- Hisashimon Matsuhashi, 1947-1952 (two terms)
- Itaru Kurashima, 1954-1962 (two terms)
- Tadao Natsume, 1962-1973 (three terms)
- Masayuki Yanagihara, 1973-1985 (three terms)
- Tasuku Tsukada, 1985-2001 (four terms)
- Shouichi Washizawa, 2001-2013 (three terms)
- Hisao Katō, 2013–2021 (two terms)
- Kenji Ogiwara, 2021–present (one term)
National
[edit]Ministry
[edit]- Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications
- Shin-Etsu Communications Bureau
- Nagano Administration Evaluation Office
- Ministry of Justice
- Nagano District Public Prosecutors Office
- Nagano Regional Legal Bureau
- Nagano Probation Office
- Nagano Public Security Research Office
- Nagano Juvenile Detention Facility
- Nagano Prison, Nagano Detention Office
- Tokyo Office of Entry and Residence, Nagano Office
- Judicial bodies
- Nagano District Court
- Nagano Family Court
- Nagano Summary Court
- Ministry of Finance
- Nagano Finance Office
- Nagoya Customs Nagano District Cabinet Order Office
- Kanto Shin-Etsu National Tax Dispute Tribunal Nagano Branch
- Nagano Tax Office
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- Nagano Labor Bureau
- Nagano Public Employment Security Office
- Shinonoi Public Employment Security Office
- Nagano Labor Standards Supervision Station
- Japan Pension Service
- Nagano Kita Pension Office
- Nagano Minami Pension Office
- Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
- Nagano Agricultural Administration Office
- Nagano Statistics and Information Center
- Chubu Forest Management Bureau
- Nagano Agricultural Administration Office
- Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
- Nagano Regional Meteorological Observatory
- Japan Meteorological Agency Matsushiro Earthquake Observatory
- Hokuriku Regional Development Bureau Chikuma River River Office
- Kanto Regional Development Bureau Nagano management office
- Kanto Regional Development Bureau Nagano National Highway Office
- Ministry of the Environment
- 長野自然環境事務所
- 戸隠自然保護官事務所
- 長野自然環境事務所
- Ministry of Defense
- SDF Nagano Regional Cooperation Headquarters
Prefectural
[edit]- Nagano Prefectural Government Building
Public facilities
[edit]Library
[edit]- Nagano City Library, located approximately 1.5 kilometers north of Nagano Station, near the Shinano Educational Museum
- Nagano City Nambu Library, located 400 meters south of Shinonoi Station
- Nagano Prefectural Library, located 800 meters south of Nagano Station
- The University of Nagano public library, located 700 meters north of Hongō Station
- Nagano City Lifelong Learning Center, located 350 meters west of Shiyakushomae Station
External relations
[edit]Twin towns – sister cities
[edit]International
[edit]- Sister City
City | Country | State | since |
---|---|---|---|
Clearwater | ![]() |
Florida | March 1959 |
Shijiazhuang | ![]() |
Hebei | April 1981 |
Ecatepec (Ciudad Azteca) | ![]() |
Mexico | March 2004 |
National
[edit]- Partnership cities
City | Prefecture | region | since |
---|---|---|---|
Jōetsu | ![]() |
Chūbu region | October 14, 2005 |
Kanazawa | ![]() |
Chūbu region | February 15, 2007 |
Kōfu | ![]() |
Chūbu region | September 1, 2007 |
Shizuoka | ![]() |
Chūbu region | July 1, 2010 |
Toyama | ![]() |
Chūbu region | October 2, 2012 |
Fukui | ![]() |
Chūbu region | August 9, 2013 |
Economy
[edit]The gross value of goods and services of the economy in the city of Nagano in 2016 was estimated to be 4,438,580,046,000 yen, approximately US$40.5 billion.[26] The largest percentage of this, 41.8%, was related to wholesale and retail, followed by healthcare and welfare, 25.9%, manufacturing, was 13.7%.[27]
In 2016, Nagano City had 183,710 people in employment, with 21.1% of workers in wholesale or retail, 14.%% in healthcare and welfare, and 11.6% are in manufacturing.[28] Other major employers include hotels and restaurants, 9% of employees, and construction industry, 7.9%; farming and forestry workers comprised 1.1% of the working population.[29]
Major companies with headquarters in Nagano City
[edit]- Densan (information processing)
- Hachijuni Bank (financial)
- Heiando (bookstore)
- Hokto (agriculture)
- Hokushinrika (physical and chemical equipment sales)
- Kakuto (construction)
- Kawanakajima Bus (transportation)
- Kitano Construction (construction) who established the Kitano Museum of Art
- Kyowa (service)
- Maeda Seisakusho (machinery)
- Maruchi (food wholesaler)
- Marukome (food)
- Moriki (pharmaceuticals)
- Moriya (construction)
- Nagaden Bus (transportation)
- Nagano Electric Railway (transportation)
- Nagano Japan Radio (electronics)
- Nagano Tokyu Department Store
- Nagano Toshi Gas (gas supplier)
- Ogasaka Ski (ski manufacturer)
- Shinko Electric Industries (electronics)
- Sunny Health (health food)
- Takachiho (souvenir wholesaler)
- Takamisawa (glass, concrete, ...)
- Takasawa (steel, construction materials)
- Tokyo Horei (publishing)
- Tosys (construction)
- Yawataya Isogoro (spices)
Other major companies in Nagano City
[edit]- Fujitsu has a magnetic storage device and circuit board factory in Nagano
- Japan Post has one of its 10 national Postal College (郵政大学校, Yuuseidaigakkou) training centers located in Nagano City, 1.5 km east of Nagano Station.
- Nishina, a manufacturer of hydraulic equipment for construction machinery and industrial vehicles, including forklifts, was established in 1939.[30] It's HQ and one of its factories are in the Toyono area of Nagano City. Another of its factories is in neighboring Suzaka. In 2001, Nishina joined the Toyota Industries group.
- Ricoh
Mass media
[edit]Regional newspapers
[edit]- Shinano Mainichi newspaper
- Nagano Shinmin newspaper
Television
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/NHK_Studio_Nagano.jpg/220px-NHK_Studio_Nagano.jpg)
- NHK Nagano
- Shin-etsu Broadcasting (SBC) (Japan News Network)
- Nagano Broadcasting Systems (NBS) (Fuji News Network)
- TV Shinshu (Nippon News Network) and (Nippon Television Network System)
- Asahi Broadcasting Nagano (ABN) (All-Nippon News Network)
- Information Network Community (Shinano Mainichi Newspaper Network)
Education
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/UniversityOfNagano.jpg/200px-UniversityOfNagano.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/SeiJo_Nagano_Station.jpg/200px-SeiJo_Nagano_Station.jpg)
Universities and colleges
[edit]Nagano is home to several private and public universities. Four of the ten universities recognized as major universities in the prefecture have campuses in the city, including the newest prefectural university, The University of Nagano.[31]
- Public
- Shinshu University, Shindai is a Japanese national university with campuses also in Matsumoto, Ueda, and Minamiminowa, Nagano.
- The University of Nagano, a 4-year university, replaced the 2-year Nagano Prefectural College in 2018. The university has two campuses, named for their location in Nagano, Miwa Campus and Gocho Campus.[32] The university has an affiliated Center for Social Innovation Initiatives. The university is unique in Japan in that all first-year students live in a dormitory and all second-year students take part in overseas study programs.
- Nagano Prefectural College, is a 2-year prefectural college in the Miwa area of Nagano City. The predecessor of the school was founded in 1929. It became the 4-year university, The University of Nagano, in April 2018.[33] Nagano Prefectural College will close when its final students graduate in March 2020.
- National Institute of Technology, Nagano College, is a national engineering college located in the Tokuma area of Nagano City. The national college has 5 departments: Mechanical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Electronics and Control Engineering, Electronic and Computer Science, and Civil Engineering.[34]
- Nagano Prefectural Agricultural College is a two-year practical, comprehensive agricultural college located in the Matsushiro area of Nagano.
- Private
- Seisen Jogakuin College is a Catholic private women's college, with both 4-year and 2-year programs in its attached Seisen Jogakuin College (Junior College). It has a sister school, Seisen University located in Tokyo. Its newest campus opened in April 2019 beside the east exit of Nagano Station.
- Nagano Women's Junior College is a private women's junior college located in the Miwa area of Nagano, approximately 700 meters to the east of The University of Nagano.
- Nagano University of Health and Medicine opened in 2015 in the Kawanakajima area of Nagano. It has a Faculty of Nursing and a Faculty of Health Science for rehabilitation.
- Seisen Jogakuin College (Junior College), established in 1966, is a specialized training school.
- Former schools
- Nagano College of Economics was a junior college in Nagano from 1967 to 2009.
High schools
[edit]- Prefectural
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano Senior High School
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano Yoshida High School
- Nagano Prefectural Yoshida Senior High School Fixed Part-time School
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano West Senior High School
- Nagano Senior Nagano West Senior High School Chujo School
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano East Senior High School
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano High School of Technology
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano Commercial Senior High School
- Nagano Prefectural Nagano South Senior High School
- Nagano Prefectural Sarashina Agriculture High School
- Nagano Prefectural Shinonoi High School
- Nagano Prefectural Shinonoi High School Saikyou Branch
- Nagano Prefectural Matsushiro High School
- Municipal
- Nagano City Nagano Junior and Senior High School
- Private
- Nagano Seisen Jogakuin Junior and Senior High School
- Nagano Women's High School
- Nagano Shunei Senior High School
- Nagano Nihon University Junior and Senior High School
- Bunka Gakuen Nagano Junior and Senior High School
- Tsukuba Kaisei High School, Nagano Learning Center
Primary and secondary education
[edit]Nagano has 55 public elementary schools and 24 public middle schools operated by the city government, along with one public middle school operated by the national government and four private middle schools. The city has 12 public high schools operated by the Nagano Prefectural Board of Education, of which three are vocational, one public high school operated by the city government, and five private high schools. In addition, the city has four special education schools.
Transportation
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/E2_J6_Asama_Karuizawa_19980218.jpg/200px-E2_J6_Asama_Karuizawa_19980218.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Nagano_Station_Zenkoji_side_in_Night.jpg/200px-Nagano_Station_Zenkoji_side_in_Night.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/2010062114090000.jpg/200px-2010062114090000.jpg)
Airways
[edit]Airport
[edit]The nearest airport is Matsumoto Airport, connected via a 70-minute express bus from Nagano City.
Railways
[edit]The city's main railway hub is Nagano Station. The coming of the 1998 Winter Olympics saw important changes to the transportation systems. Nagano Station and the smaller Shinonoi Station were expanded, and with the construction of the Athletes village for the Games in the Kawanakajima area, Imai Station was opened. Finally, the Hokuriku Shinkansen, initially named the Nagano Shinkansen, connecting Nagano to Takasaki, Gunma where it merges with the Jōetsu Shinkansen and continues to Ōmiya Station and Tokyo Station, opened in 1997 to accommodate the expected increase in travelers to Nagano. This reduced by half the travel time between Tokyo and Nagano, to 79 minutes for 221 kilometers.[35] As the main railway hub of the region, Nagano Station connects JR East, Shinano Railway, and Nagano Electric Railway in the city center. The JR trains carry 36,612 passengers per day with private rail carrying another 15,082 (and buses carry 20,229 passengers).[36]
High-speed rail
[edit]East Japan Railway Company (JR East)
Conventional lines
[edit]East Japan Railway Company (JR East)
- Shin'etsu Main Line: - Shinonoi - Imai - Kawanakajima - Amori - Nagano -
- Shinonoi Line: - Inariyama - Shinonoi -
- Iiyama Line: - Toyono - Shinano-Asano - Tategahana -
Shinano Railway (Shintetsu)
- Kita-Shinano Line: Nagano - Kita-Nagano - Sansai - Toyono -
- Shinano Railway Line: - Shinonoi -
- Nagano Line: Nagano - Shiyakushomae - Gondō - Zenkōjishita - Hongō - Kirihara - Shinano-Yoshida - Asahi - Fuzokuchūgakumae - Yanagihara -
Busways
[edit]Buses for the Kawanakajima Bus and the Nagano Dentetsu Bus Co. service the city and surrounding areas, departing both Nagano Station and the Nagano Bus Terminal just west of the station. Local bus provider, Alpico Kōtsū, departs from a dedicated office across the street from the Zenkō-ji Exit of Nagano Station. Long-distance highway bus services depart from the East Exit of Nagano Station. There is also a daily bus to Narita Airport.
Gururin-go is a central district bus that runs in a circular loop from Nagano Station to Zennoji, passing Zenkō-ji, the Nagano Prefectural Office, and the Nagano Bus Terminal. Regardless of where you board or disembark, the fare is 150 yen.[37]
Roads
[edit]Expressway
[edit]Japan National Route
[edit]Local attractions
[edit]Nagano is surrounded by mountains which boast hiking, camping, and cycling. In addition, the city includes 46 national-designated cultural assets, 55 prefectural-designated cultural assets, 298 municipal-designated cultural assets, and finally 59 national-registered structures and 7 monuments in Nagano city.[38]
Temples and shrines
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Togakusi_zuishinmon.jpg/220px-Togakusi_zuishinmon.jpg)
- Zenkō-ji Buddhist temple and pilgrimage destination, that was established in its current location in the middle of the 7th century.
- Togakushi Shrine, a complex of five Shinto shrines, in the mountains above Nagano, whose uppermost shrine is approached via a path of more than 300 Cryptomeria trees.
- Saikou-ji, a Jōdo-shū (Jōdo Buddhism) temple, approximately 1 kilometer west of Zenkō-ji.
- Miwa Shrine, likely started in the 9th century, is located near Hongō Station.
- Yushimatenmangu Shrine in Wakaho is a branch of Yushima Tenman-gū which is located in Bunkyō, Tokyo.
Historical sites
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Fujiyagohonjin.jpg/220px-Fujiyagohonjin.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Matsushiro_Castle_20100919-03.jpg/220px-Matsushiro_Castle_20100919-03.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/BattleKawanakajima.jpg/220px-BattleKawanakajima.jpg)
- Monzenmachi is the surrounding area in front of the gate leading to Zenkō-ji. The area has historical buildings, lodgings, shops, and restaurants.
- Zenkoji Nakamise-dori Street, a stone-paved street extending from Niomon Gate of Zenkoji, has many local shops.
- Daimon-cho, old merchant houses from the Taisho era, with stone lanterns and large pavement stones
- Patio Daimon, a commercial complex, that opened in 2017, that was established by renovating old warehouses and merchant houses.
- Matsushiro Castle, with its surrounding castle town, preserves many samurai residences, temples, and gardens of the Edo period.
- Chokokuji Temple, the Sanada clan family temple, with the ancestral tomb of Sanada Nobuyuki, is an important cultural property.
- The Bunbu School (Matsushiro Literary and Military School) is a National Historic Site located next to Matsushiro Castle
- The Matsushiro Clan Sanada Jumangoku Festival, in mid-October, is a recreation of a 16th-century procession and performance.
- Nearby is the former residence of the Yokota family, a middle-class samurai, with a minka (thatched-roof) and garden with seasonal flowers.
- Also nearby is the Sakuma Zozan Shrine. Zozan was a 19th Japanese scholar, scientist, and linguist who advocated the opening up of Japan. In 1864, Zozan was assassinated by Kawakami Gensai, one of the most famous assassins of the Bakumatsu period, as Zozan was on return from Kyoto on a failed visit to see Emperor Kōmei to seek the opening of Japanese ports. Zozan, "a driving force in pioneering a new age",[39] inspires the University of Nagano "to act as a source for regional revitalization and reinvigoration and as a base for knowledge that will activate industry, culture, and lifestyles in Nagano".[40]
- Matsushiro Underground Imperial Headquarters (松代大本営跡 Matsushiro Daihon'ei Ato) was a large underground bunker complex built during the Second World War, constructed so that the central organs of government of Imperial Japan could be transferred there. Construction began in November 1944 and continued until Japan's surrender on August 15, 1945. Between 7,000 and 10,000 Korean slave laborers were used to build the complex, and it is estimated that 1,500 of them died.[41]
- Kawanakajima Battlefields, located in the southern section of present-day Nagano City, is where a series of 16th century battles occurred between Takeda Shingen and Uesugi Kenshin during the warring Sengoku period.
- The Nagano City Museum is here.[42]
- Also nearby is the Tenku-ji Temple, where prayers are offered for war dead of the Kawanakajima battles. This temple is the family temple of Shingen's brother, Nobushige, who died in 1561 in one of the battles. Included at the temple is a 5-meter statue of the ruler of the underworld in Buddhist mythology, King Enma (閻魔王, Enma-ō).
Other sites
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Kitano_Art_Museum.jpg/220px-Kitano_Art_Museum.jpg)
- Nagano Prefectural Shinano Art Museum / Higashiyama Kaii Gallery is located 100m from Zenkō-ji.
- Nagano Prefectural Art Museum
- Mizuno Museum of Art
- Kitano Museum of Art[43] is an important regional art museum located in the Wakaho district of Nagano City, located approximately 7.5 km southeast of Nagano Station. Its collection of art includes works by:
- (Japanese): Takeuchi Seihō, Uemura Shōen, Kanzan Shimomura, Hishida Shunsō, Gyoshū Hayami, Kiyokata Kaburagi, Shinsui Itō
- (Western): Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Pablo Picasso, Tsuguharu Foujita, Armand Guillaumin, Henri-Edmond Cross, Marc Chagall, Pierre Bonnard, Bernard Buffet, Emilio Greco, and Auguste Rodin.
- Chibikko Ninja-mura (Kids Ninja Village), Togakushi, from late April to late November.
- Sporting venues built for the Winter Olympics including the M-Wave speed skating arena (with the world's largest wooden suspension roof), Big Hat arena, and the Aqua Wing Arena.
- The Ōmuro Kofun group and the Senryū-Shōgunzuka Kofun - Himezuka Kofun are two groups of Kofun period burial mounds located outside the city. Both are National Historic Sites.
Culture
[edit]Events
[edit]- Nagano Tomyo Festival is a light and lantern festival held every February to commemorate the 1998 Winter Olympics.
- Nagano Olympic Commemorative Marathon, an IAAF Bronze Label Road Race, takes place in mid-April.
- Hanami - cherry blossom viewing - in Joyama Park behind Zenkō-ji is possible from mid-to-late April.
- Nagano Floral Festa Zenkoji Temple - flowers and flower art at Nagano Station and Omotesando - held in early May to welcome spring.
- Buckwheat blossom viewing, mid-July to mid-September, Togakushi
- Kijo ("Ogress") Momoji Festival held in mid-October in Iizuna, celebrates this woman and the beauty of nature.
- Togakushi Soba Festival, early November
- Yoi Ebisu and Ebisuko Fireworks display, dedicated to the god of fortune, Ebisu held in late November.
Sports
[edit]- Nagano Sports Park is a municipal and prefectural sporting ground that includes the Aqua Wing Arena, Nagano Athletic Stadium, tennis courts, a baseball stadium, and a gymnasium. The sports park is accessible by Bus 7 from Nagano Station, or a 15-minute walk from Asahi Station on the Nagano Electric Railway.
- AC Nagano Parceiro is a Japanese football club based in Nagano that represents Nagano in J3 League.
- AC Nagano Parceiro Ladies, based in Nagano, is a women's football team that currently plays in the Nadeshiko League 1, the highest division of women's football in Japan.
- Shinshu Brave Warriors is a professional basketball team that competes in the second division of the Japanese B.League.[44]
- Shinano Grandserows are an independent minor baseball team that plays in the Baseball Challenge League (Route Inn BCL) in Nagano City, at the Nagano Olympic Stadium.
- Boaluz Nagano are a futsal team in the F. League. They play at the White Ring (arena).
- Nagano City Gliding Field, which opened in 1974, is located in the Wakaho district of Nagano City along the Chikuma River.
Club | Sport | League | Venue | Established |
---|---|---|---|---|
AC Nagano Parceiro | Soccer | J.League | Minami Nagano Sports Park Stadium | 1990 |
AC Nagano Parceiro Ladies | Soccer | WE.League | Minami Nagano Sports Park Stadium | 2000 |
Shinano Grandserows | Baseball | BC.League | Nagano Olympic Stadium | 2006 |
Boaluz Nagano | Futsal | F.League | White Ring | 2011 |
Shinshu Brave Warriors | Basketball | B.League | White Ring | 2011 |
Notable people from Nagano
[edit]- Yoko Aki, songwriter, actress, novelist and essayist
- Kazuo Aoki, politician
- Eita, professional wrestler
- Joe Hisaishi, composer
- Haruyo Ichikawa, actress
- Toshimi Kitazawa, politician
- Takeru Kobayashi, competitive eater
- Kenji Kosaka, politician
- Kiyoshige Koyama, composer
- Isao Kuraishi, actor
- Tadamichi Kuribayashi, general, Imperial Japanese Army
- Hiro Mashima, manga artist
- Saki Minemura, professional volleyball athlete
- Emi Nitta, voice actress
- Harua Shigeta, member of J-pop group &Team
- Shusei Tanaka, politician
- Rika Tatsumi, professional wrestler
- Yuto Adachi, member of K-pop boy band Pentagon
Gallery
[edit]-
Japanese macaque at Jigokudani hotspring
-
Yushimatennmangu
-
Downtown Nagano
-
Daimon-cho
-
Nagano Station, Zenkō-ji Entrance
-
M-Wave arena
-
Nagano Olympic Stadium (Nagano Baseball Stadium)
-
Chikuma River, from Yashima Bridge
-
Nagano Holy Saviour (Anglican) Church (est. 1898), a nationally registered Tangible Cultural Property
-
Kagami-ike Pond, in Togakushi, Nagano 2019
-
Skyline of Nagano City
References
[edit]- ^ "歴代長野市長 (trans. Mayors of Nagano City)". Nagano City. Nagano City Official Website. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ "ながの". NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典. NHK.
- ^ 長野県庁(画面左下に標高表示) - 国土地理院地図
- ^ 市政情報 > 市の沿革・概要 > 人口・面積・自然 (in Japanese).
- ^ Hanazawa, Nahomi (1999). Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory. Nagano: NAOC. p. 309. ISBN 4784098267. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ Hanazawa, Nahomi (1999). Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory. Nagano: NAOC. p. 301. ISBN 4784098267. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ "Transport infrastructure provides lasting legacy of Nagano 1998". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
- ^ M-Wave Corporation. "About M-Wave". www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php. Retrieved 2019-04-06.
- ^ M-Wave Corporation. "About M-Wave". www.nagano-mwave.co.jp/m_wave/language/en.php. Retrieved 2019-04-06.
- ^ Hanazawa, Nahomi (1999). Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory. Nagano: NAOC. p. 240. ISBN 4784098267. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ Journal of Snow Engineering of Japan. "Outline of the Nagano Olympics, the game facilities, etc". www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsse1986/13/4/13_4_381/_pdf (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-04-10.
- ^ Shinano Mainichi Shimbun. "Nagano Winter Olympics Venues". www.shinmai.co.jp/feature/olympic/kaijo/index.htm (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-04-10.
- ^ Nagano Prefecture. "About the present conditions of facilities of Nagano Winter Olympics". www.pref.nagano.lg.jp/koho/kensei/koho/hotline/201606/hot_201606-20.html (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-04-10.
- ^ "長野市統計書". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ 高妻山. (Mount Takatsuma) [1]|accessed Sept 24 2022
- ^ 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved May 19, 2021.
- ^ 観測史上1~10位の値(年間を通じての値). JMA. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
- ^ 気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値). JMA. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
- ^ "Population of Nagano City and the number of households (as of April 1, 2019)". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ "2. 人口 (population)". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ "2. 人口 (population)". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ^ "International Village, Nojiri-ko (Lake Nojiri), Nagano Prefecture". 15 August 2016. Retrieved 2019-04-21.
- ^ "Obuse Area Guide, Southern Area". Retrieved 2019-04-21.
- ^ 長野市・信州新町・中条村合併後調査報告について. Nagano official website (in Japanese). Nagano City. Archived from the original on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
- ^ "歴代長野市長". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 5 June 2019.
- ^ "長野市の事業所" (PDF). Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. p. 12. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "長野市の事業所" (PDF). Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. p. 12. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "長野市の事業所". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. p. 12. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "長野市の事業所". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. p. 12. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "Nishina Company Profile". Nishina. Nishina Industrial Co. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
- ^ Government, Nagano Prefectural. "Introduction to Nagano Prefecture / Nagano Prefectural Government". www.pref.nagano.lg.jp. Retrieved 2018-05-25.
- ^ "Access|The UNIVERSITY OF NAGANO". The UNIVERSITY OF NAGANO. Retrieved 2019-05-21.
- ^ 長野県内で企業の入社式や辞令交付式. 日本経済新聞 電子版 (in Japanese). 2 April 2018. Retrieved 2019-04-21.
- ^ "NIT Departments" (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-04-21.
- ^ Hanazawa, Nahomi (1999). Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 1: Planning and Support. Nagano: NAOC. p. 240. ISBN 4784098259. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
- ^ "長野市統計書". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
- ^ "Nagano City Circular Bus "Gururin-go"" (in Japanese). Retrieved 2019-04-28.
- ^ "長野市の文化財". Nagano City Official Website. Nagano City. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
- ^ "教養教育". Retrieved 2019-04-18.
- ^ "教養教育". Retrieved 2019-04-18.
- ^ Cook, Haruko Taya; Cook, Theodore F (1992). "Chapter 22 - Interview with Yamane Masako". Japan at War: An Oral History. New Press. ISBN 1565840399.
- ^ "長野市立博物館". Nagano City Museum. Nagano City Museum. Retrieved 1 May 2019.
- ^ "Kitano Museum of Art". Kitano Museum of Art. Kitano Museum of Art Foundation. Retrieved May 5, 2019.
- ^ B.League (3 October 2016). "Bリーグ". Retrieved 3 October 2016.
Hanazawa, Nahomi (1999). The Shinano Mainichi Shimbun (ed.). Official Report of the 1998 Winter Olympic Games, Vol. 2: Sixteen Days of Glory (PDF). Translated by Norman Kong. Nagano (Japan): NAOC. p. 319. ISBN 4784098267.
External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png)
- Official Website (in Japanese)