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Coordinates: 51°14′N 20°51′E / 51.233°N 20.850°E / 51.233; 20.850
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Szydłowiec
| name = Szydłowiec
| motto = Dla Boga, Ojczyzny i społeczności<br>For God, Country and community
| motto = ''Dla Boga, Ojczyzny i społeczności''<br>For God, Country and community
| image_skyline = Panorama of Szydlowiec 1.jpg
| image_skyline = Szydlowiec_church_town_hall_edited.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| imagesize = 250px
| image_caption = Panorama of Szydłowiec with the iconic [[Szydłowiec Town Hall|Town Hall]] on the left and the [[St Sigismund's Church, Szydlowiec|Saint Sigismund Church]] on the right
| image_caption = Town panorama
| image_shield = POL Szydłowiec COA.svg
| image_shield = POL Szydłowiec COA.svg
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Masovian Voivodeship|Masovian]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Masovian Voivodeship|Masovian]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Powiat|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Szydłowiec County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Szydłowiec County|Szydłowiec]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Szydłowiec]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Szydłowiec|Szydłowiec]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Artur Ludew
| leader_name = Artur Ludew
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| area_total_km2 = 21.93
| area_total_km2 = 21.93
| population_as_of = 2006
| population_as_of = 2006
| population_total = 12030
| population_total = 2030
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
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| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| coordinates = {{coord|51|14|N|20|51|E|region:PL|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|51|14|N|20|51|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 26–500
| postal_code = 26–500
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| blank_name = [[Polish car number plates|Car plates]]
| blank_name = [[Polish car number plates|Car plates]]
| blank_info = WSZ
| blank_info = WSZ
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Highways in Poland|Highways]]
⚫
| website = http://www.szydlowiec.pl }}
| blank_info_sec2 = [[File:S7-PL.svg|32px|link=Expressway S7 (Poland)]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Voivodeship road]]s
⚫
'''Szydłowiec''' {{IPAc-pl|AUD|Pl-Szydłowiec.ogg|sz|y|'|d|ł|o|w|j|e|c}} ([[Hebrew]]: שידלוביץ, [[Yiddish]]: שידלָאווצע) is a town in [[Szydłowiec County]], [[Mazovian Voivodeship]], [[Poland]], with 15,243 inhabitants (December 31, 2005). It is the seat of [[Szydłowiec Commune]] (''[[Gmina]] Szydłowiec''). Previously, from 1975 to 1998, it was in the [[Radom Voivodeship]]. Szydłowiec historically belongs to [[Lesser Poland]], from its beginnings until 1795, it was part of Lesser Poland's [[Sandomierz Voivodeship]].
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[File:DW727-PL.svg|32px]] [[File:DW735-PL.svg|32px]]
⚫
| website = http://www.szydlowiec.pl
}}
⚫
'''Szydłowiec''' ({{IPAc-pl|AUD|Pl-Szydłowiec.ogg|sz|y|'|d|ł|o|w|j|e|c}}; [[Hebrew]]: שידלוביץ, [[Yiddish]]: שידלאָווצע; [[German language|German]]: ''Schiedlowietz'') is a town in [[Szydłowiec County]], [[Mazovian Voivodeship]], south-central [[Poland]], with 5,243 inhabitants (31 December 2005). It is the seat of [[Gmina Szydłowiec]] (commune). Szydłowiec is part of the historic region of [[Lesser Poland]].


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Rynek Szydłowiec by Zygmunt Vogel.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Szydłowiec in the 18th century; <br />by [[Zygmunt Vogel]].]]
[[File:Rynek Szydłowiec by Zygmunt Vogel.jpg|thumb|left|220px|Szydłowiec in the 18th century; <br />by [[Zygmunt Vogel]].]]
From the 12th century the environs of Szydłowiec belonged to the powerful knightly family of [[House of Odrowąż|Odrowąż]], who were descended from [[Moravia]]n-Bohemian Baworowic family.
From the 12th century the environs of Szydłowiec belonged to the powerful knightly family of [[House of Odrowąż|Odrowąż]], who were descended from [[Moravia]]n-[[Bohemia]]n Baworowic family.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}

⚫
In the 13th century the site of the present [[castle]] was occupied by a stronghold on an artificial island with wood and earth defences and by a village called Szydłowiec. The present town came into being in the early 15th century. It was a [[private town]], administratively located in the Radom County in the [[Sandomierz Voivodeship]] in the [[Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Lesser Poland Province]] of the Kingdom of Poland,<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Województwo sandomierskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz.1, Mapy, plany|year=1993|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Polish Scientific Publishers PWN|Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN]]|page=3}}</ref> and together with the neighbouring estate was the property of the [[House of Szydłowiecki|Szydłowiecki]] and [[Radziwiłł family|Radziwiłł]] families until the 19th century.

⚫
The town flourished in the 16th and the first half of 17th centuries. It was then an important centre of trade and crafts, mainly stone-masonry based on the exploitation of the local sandstone which was easy to work. This stone was used to carve architectural sculptural elements and to make tools for agriculture. It was also a building material for the local [[St Sigismund's Church, Szydlowiec|Saint Sigismund Church]], Castle and the [[Town hall in Szydłowiec|Town Hall]]; moreover, it was sent to [[Kielce]], [[Kraków]] and [[Warsaw]]. Among the goods traded in were agricultural products.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}


[[File:Widok Rynku w Szydłowcu.jpg|thumb|left|Szydłowiec in the 19th century, by Józef Szermentowski]]
⚫
In the 13th century the site of the present [[castle]] was occupied by a stronghold on an artificial island with wood and earth defences and by a village called Szydłowiec. The present town came into being in the early 15th century and together with the neighbouring estate was the property of the [[House of Szydłowiecki|Szydłowiecki]] and [[Radziwiłł family|Radziwiłł]] families until the 19th century.
⚫
The period of wars 1648–1717 and numerous epidemics and fires brought about a decline of Szydłowiec, which persisted for centuries, its state being yet aggravated after the [[partitions of Poland]]. The town owes this present character to transformations in urban design and architecture which took place in the second half of the 19th century and in the 20th century.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}


The town was annexed by [[Habsburg monarchy|Austria]] in the [[Third Partition of Poland]] in 1795. It was regained by Poles following the [[Austro–Polish War]] of 1809, and included within the short-lived [[Duchy of Warsaw]]. After the duchy's dissolution, in 1815, it fell to the [[Russian Partition]] of Poland. On 22–23 January 1863 it was the site of the [[Battle of Szydłowiec]] between Polish insurgents and Russian troops during the [[January Uprising]]. After [[World War I]], in 1918, Poland regained independence and control of the town.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
⚫
The town flourished in the 16th and the first half of 17th centuries. It was then an important centre of trade and crafts, mainly stone-masonry based on the exploatition of the local sandstone which was easy to work. This stone was used to carve architectural sculptural elements and to make tools for agriculture. It was also a building material for the local [[Saint Sigsmunt Church in Szydlowiec|Saint Sigsmunt Church]], [[Castle in Szydłowiec]] and the [[Town hall in Szydłowiec]]; moreover, it was sent to Kielce, Cracow and Warsaw.


Following the joint German-Soviet [[invasion of Poland]], which started [[World War II]] in September 1939, the town was [[Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)|occupied by Germany]] until 1945. The occupiers carried out deportations of [[Jews]] to [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labour]], and eventually the local Jewish community was destroyed by the Germans in [[the Holocaust]].<ref name=yad/> Polish villagers and military took advantage of the disorder to plunder the belongings of the Jews in Szydłowiec.<ref name=yad>{{Cite web |title=The German Occupation and the Establishment of the Ghetto {{!}} Szydlowiec {{!}} The Valley of the Communities |url=https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/szydlowiec/german_occupation.asp |access-date=2022-06-20 |website=www.yadvashem.org}}</ref> There are known cases of local Poles who were arrested and sent to [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]] by the Germans for producing and giving false identity cards to Jews to [[Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust|save them from the Holocaust]].<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Rejestr faktów represji na obywatelach polskich za pomoc ludności żydowskiej w okresie II wojny światowej|year=2014|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|pages=135, 151}}</ref> Also Jews escaping from [[Kozienice]] were directed to Szydłowiec in order to get help from local Poles.<ref>''Rejestr faktów represji na obywatelach polskich za pomoc ludności żydowskiej w okresie II wojny światowej'', p. 182</ref>
Among the goods traded in were agricultural products.


⚫
At one point it had a population that was of a Jewish majority. It was home to Grand Rabbi [[Natan David Rabinowitz]] (d. 1865), the grandson of Grand Rabbi [[Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz]] of [[Peshischa (Hasidic group)|Peshischa]], and the father of the [[Biala (Hasidic dynasty)|Biala Hasidic dynasty]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
⚫
The period of wars 1648–1717 and numerous epidemics and fires brought about a decline of Szydłowiec, which persisted for centuries, its state being yet aggravated after the partitions of Poland. The town owes this present character to transformations in urban design and architecture which took place in the second half of the 19th century and in the 20th century.


It was administratively located in the [[Radom Voivodeship]] from 1975 to 1998.{{Citation needed|date=March 2024}}
Szydłowiec also had a strong Jewish community until [[World War II]].


==Sports==
{{further|Timeline of Treblinka}}
The local [[Association football|football]] team is {{ill|Szydłowianka Szydłowiec|pl}}. It competes in the lower leagues.


==Gallery==
⚫
At one point it had a population that was of a Jewish majority. It was home to Grand Rabbi Nathan David Rabinowitz (d. 1865), the grandson of Grand Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak of [[Przysucha|Peshischa]], and the father of the [[Biala (Hasidic dynasty)|Biala Hasidic dynasty]].
<gallery widths="140">
Szydłowiec 160 A kościół św. Zygmunta 2x.jpg|[[St Sigismund's Church, Szydlowiec|Saint Sigismund Church]]
Szydlowiec Town Hall 02.jpg|[[Szydłowiec Town Hall]]
Szydłowiec. Zamek 5.jpg|Castle
Statue of Tadeusz Kościuszko.jpg|[[Tadeusz Kościuszko]] monument
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
Line 64: Line 80:


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons|Szydłowiec}}
{{Commons}}
* [http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/szydlowiec/index.asp "Here Their Stories Will Be Told..." The Valley of the Communities at Yad Vashem, Szydłowiec], at [[Yad Vashem]] website.
* [http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/szydlowiec/index.asp "Here Their Stories Will Be Told..." The Valley of the Communities at Yad Vashem, Szydłowiec], at [[Yad Vashem]] website.
Line 72: Line 88:
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Szydlowiec}}
[[Category:Szydłowiec| ]]
[[Category:Szydłowiec| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Masovian Voivodeship]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Masovian Voivodeship]]
[[Category:Szydłowiec County]]
[[Category:Szydłowiec County]]
[[Category:Łódź Voivodeship (1919–39)]]

Latest revision as of 22:05, 3 January 2025

For other places with the same name, see Szydłowiec (disambiguation).
Szydłowiec
Panorama of Szydłowiec with the iconic Town Hall on the left and the Saint Sigismund Church on the right
Panorama of Szydłowiec with the iconic Town Hall on the left and the Saint Sigismund Church on the right
Coat of arms of Szydłowiec
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Dla Boga, Ojczyzny i społeczności
For God, Country and community
Szydłowiec is located in Poland
Szydłowiec
Szydłowiec
Coordinates: 51°14′N 20°51′E / 51.233°N 20.850°E / 51.233; 20.850
Country Poland
VoivodeshipMasovian
CountySzydłowiec
GminaSzydłowiec
Established12th century
Town rights1427
Government
 • MayorArtur Ludew
Area
 • Total
21.93 km2 (8.47 sq mi)
Elevation
260 m (850 ft)
Population
 (2006)
 • Total
2,030
 • Density93/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
26–500
Area code+48 48
Car platesWSZ
Highways
Voivodeship roads
Websitehttp://www.szydlowiec.pl

Szydłowiec ([ʂɨˈdwɔvjɛt͡s] ⓘ; Hebrew: שידלוביץ, Yiddish: שידלאָווצע; German: Schiedlowietz) is a town in Szydłowiec County, Mazovian Voivodeship, south-central Poland, with 5,243 inhabitants (31 December 2005). It is the seat of Gmina Szydłowiec (commune). Szydłowiec is part of the historic region of Lesser Poland.

History

[edit]
Szydłowiec in the 18th century;
by Zygmunt Vogel.

From the 12th century the environs of Szydłowiec belonged to the powerful knightly family of Odrowąż, who were descended from Moravian-Bohemian Baworowic family.[citation needed]

In the 13th century the site of the present castle was occupied by a stronghold on an artificial island with wood and earth defences and by a village called Szydłowiec. The present town came into being in the early 15th century. It was a private town, administratively located in the Radom County in the Sandomierz Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland,[1] and together with the neighbouring estate was the property of the Szydłowiecki and Radziwiłł families until the 19th century.

The town flourished in the 16th and the first half of 17th centuries. It was then an important centre of trade and crafts, mainly stone-masonry based on the exploitation of the local sandstone which was easy to work. This stone was used to carve architectural sculptural elements and to make tools for agriculture. It was also a building material for the local Saint Sigismund Church, Castle and the Town Hall; moreover, it was sent to Kielce, Kraków and Warsaw. Among the goods traded in were agricultural products.[citation needed]

Szydłowiec in the 19th century, by Józef Szermentowski

The period of wars 1648–1717 and numerous epidemics and fires brought about a decline of Szydłowiec, which persisted for centuries, its state being yet aggravated after the partitions of Poland. The town owes this present character to transformations in urban design and architecture which took place in the second half of the 19th century and in the 20th century.[citation needed]

The town was annexed by Austria in the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. It was regained by Poles following the Austro–Polish War of 1809, and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. After the duchy's dissolution, in 1815, it fell to the Russian Partition of Poland. On 22–23 January 1863 it was the site of the Battle of Szydłowiec between Polish insurgents and Russian troops during the January Uprising. After World War I, in 1918, Poland regained independence and control of the town.[citation needed]

Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was occupied by Germany until 1945. The occupiers carried out deportations of Jews to forced labour, and eventually the local Jewish community was destroyed by the Germans in the Holocaust.[2] Polish villagers and military took advantage of the disorder to plunder the belongings of the Jews in Szydłowiec.[2] There are known cases of local Poles who were arrested and sent to concentration camps by the Germans for producing and giving false identity cards to Jews to save them from the Holocaust.[3] Also Jews escaping from Kozienice were directed to Szydłowiec in order to get help from local Poles.[4]

At one point it had a population that was of a Jewish majority. It was home to Grand Rabbi Natan David Rabinowitz (d. 1865), the grandson of Grand Rabbi Yaakov Yitzchak Rabinowicz of Peshischa, and the father of the Biala Hasidic dynasty.[citation needed]

It was administratively located in the Radom Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998.[citation needed]

Sports

[edit]

The local football team is Szydłowianka Szydłowiec [pl]. It competes in the lower leagues.

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Województwo sandomierskie w drugiej połowie XVI wieku; Cz.1, Mapy, plany (in Polish). Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN. 1993. p. 3.
  2. ^ a b "The German Occupation and the Establishment of the Ghetto | Szydlowiec | The Valley of the Communities". www.yadvashem.org. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  3. ^ Rejestr faktów represji na obywatelach polskich za pomoc ludności żydowskiej w okresie II wojny światowej (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. 2014. pp. 135, 151.
  4. ^ Rejestr faktów represji na obywatelach polskich za pomoc ludności żydowskiej w okresie II wojny światowej, p. 182
[edit]
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