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{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ted Schwinden
| name = Ted Schwinden
| image =
| image = File:Ted-Schwinden-as-Governor.jpg
| order = 19th
| order = 19th
| office = Governor of Montana
| office = Governor of Montana
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| birth_name = Theodore Schwinden
| birth_name = Theodore Schwinden
| birth_date = {{birth date|1925|8|31}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1925|8|31}}
| birth_place = [[Wolf Point, Montana]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[Roosevelt County, Montana]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|10|7|1925|8|31}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|10|7|1925|8|31}}
| death_place = [[Phoenix, Arizona]], U.S.
| death_place = [[Phoenix, Arizona]], U.S.
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}}
}}


'''Theodore "Ted" Schwinden''' (August 31, 1925 – October 7, 2023) was an American politician. He was the 19th [[governor of Montana]] from 1981 to 1989. He had previously served as the 23rd [[lieutenant governor of Montana]] and as a member of the [[Montana House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.netstate.com/states/government/mt_formergov.htm |title=Former State Governors |publisher=www.netstate.com |accessdate=October 9, 2013}}</ref>
'''Theodore Schwinden''' (August 31, 1925 – October 7, 2023) was an American politician from [[Montana]]. He was the 19th [[governor of Montana]] from 1981 to 1989. He had previously served as the 23rd [[lieutenant governor of Montana]] and as a member of the [[Montana House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.netstate.com/states/government/mt_formergov.htm |title=Former State Governors |publisher=www.netstate.com |accessdate=October 9, 2013}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
Theodore Schwinden was born near [[Wolf Point, Montana]], on his family's farm on the [[Fort Peck Indian Reservation]] between Wolf Point and [[Poplar, Montana|Poplar]].<ref name="MHS">{{cite web|url= http://governor.mt.gov/formergov/|title= Governor Ted Schwinden|publisher= Montana Historical Society|accessdate= October 10, 2012|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120820121916/http://governor.mt.gov/formergov/|archivedate= August 20, 2012}}</ref> Schwinden was a valedictorian at his high school.<ref name=":0" /> He enlisted in the [[United States Army]] and served in both the European and Pacific theaters in [[World War II]]. He left the army in 1946.<ref name=":0" /> He earned a bachelor's and master's from the [[University of Montana]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Ted Schwinden|url=http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_montana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_schwinden_ted.html|publisher=National Governors Association|accessdate=August 27, 2012}}</ref> He was studying toward a PhD in economics at the [[University of Minnesota]] before he had to return to his family farm due to his father's ill health.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/crucible_bios/33/ | title=Biography of Ted Schwinden | journal=Biographies and Photos of Series Participants | date=January 2016 | last1=Schwinden | first1=Ted | last2=Barrett | first2=Evan }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://helenair.com/opinion/columnists/gov-ted-schwinden-cared-for-montana/article_aff115ff-6037-5412-bcdd-3db7f92b1826.html | title=Gov. Ted Schwinden cared for Montana | date=December 28, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://missoulian.com/opinion/columnists/a-talk-with-ted-catching-up-with-former-montana-governor-schwinden/article_5edd93ae-acff-5819-b833-ca9b4224066f.html | title=A talk with Ted: Catching up with former Montana Governor Schwinden | date=November 19, 2020 }}</ref>
Theodore Schwinden was born in [[Roosevelt County, Montana]], on his family's farm on the [[Fort Peck Indian Reservation]] between [[Wolf Point, Montana|Wolf Point]] and [[Poplar, Montana|Poplar]].<ref name="MHS">{{cite web|url= http://governor.mt.gov/formergov/|title= Governor Ted Schwinden|publisher= Montana Historical Society|accessdate= October 10, 2012|url-status= dead|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120820121916/http://governor.mt.gov/formergov/|archivedate= August 20, 2012}}</ref> Schwinden was a valedictorian at his high school.<ref name=":0" /> He enlisted in the [[United States Army]] and served in both the European and Pacific theaters in [[World War II]]. He left the army in 1946.<ref name=":0" /> He earned a bachelor's and master's from the [[University of Montana]].<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Ted Schwinden|url=http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_montana/col2-content/main-content-list/title_schwinden_ted.html|publisher=National Governors Association|accessdate=August 27, 2012}}</ref> He was studying toward a PhD in economics at the [[University of Minnesota]] before he had to return to his family farm due to his father's ill health.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/crucible_bios/33/ | title=Biography of Ted Schwinden | journal=Biographies and Photos of Series Participants | date=January 2016 | last1=Schwinden | first1=Ted | last2=Barrett | first2=Evan }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://helenair.com/opinion/columnists/gov-ted-schwinden-cared-for-montana/article_aff115ff-6037-5412-bcdd-3db7f92b1826.html | title=Gov. Ted Schwinden cared for Montana | date=December 28, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://missoulian.com/opinion/columnists/a-talk-with-ted-catching-up-with-former-montana-governor-schwinden/article_5edd93ae-acff-5819-b833-ca9b4224066f.html | title=A talk with Ted: Catching up with former Montana Governor Schwinden | date=November 19, 2020 }}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], Schwinden was elected to the Montana House of Representatives in 1958, defeating Republican incumbent Chris S. Tange to represent [[Roosevelt County, Montana|Roosevelt County]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86075189/1958-06-13/ed-1/seq-2/|newspaper=The People's Voice|title=Demo Emphasis Appears Aimed at Greater Strength in Senate|date=June 13, 1958|volume=19|number=28|pages=1–2|location=[[Helena, Montana]]|access-date=October 8, 2023}}</ref> Schwinden completed two terms in the House but was unsuccessful in his campaign for a third term.<ref name=":0" /> He was elected and named to the Legislative Council in 1959. He served as the House [[minority whip]] in 1961. In 1965, he was elected president of the Grain Growers Association. In 1969, he was named Commissioner of State Lands by governor [[Forrest H. Anderson]].<ref name=":0" /> He was reappointed in 1973 and served until April 1976. Schwinden resigned to campaign for lieutenant governor and was elected the 23rd [[Lieutenant Governor of Montana|lieutenant governor of Montana]], serving under Governor [[Thomas Lee Judge]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Schwinden |first1=Ted |last2=Barrett |first2=Evan |date=January 1, 2016 |title=Biography of Ted Schwinden |url=https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/crucible_bios/33 |journal=Biographies and Photos of Series Participants}}</ref> He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 to 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartzenburg-scotland.html#844.93.79|title= Schwinden, Ted (b. 1925)|publisher= The Political Graveyard|accessdate= October 10, 2012}}</ref>
A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], Schwinden was elected to the Montana House of Representatives in 1958, defeating Republican incumbent Chris S. Tange to represent [[Roosevelt County, Montana|Roosevelt County]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86075189/1958-06-13/ed-1/seq-2/|newspaper=The People's Voice|title=Demo Emphasis Appears Aimed at Greater Strength in Senate|date=June 13, 1958|volume=19|number=28|pages=1–2|location=[[Helena, Montana]]|access-date=October 8, 2023}}</ref> Schwinden completed two terms in the House but was unsuccessful in his campaign for a third term.<ref name=":0" /> He was elected and named to the Legislative Council in 1959. He served as the House [[minority whip]] in 1961. In 1965, he was elected president of the Grain Growers Association. In 1969, he was named Commissioner of State Lands by governor [[Forrest H. Anderson]].<ref name=":0" /> He was reappointed in 1973 and served until April 1976. Schwinden resigned to campaign for lieutenant governor and was elected the 23rd [[Lieutenant Governor of Montana|lieutenant governor of Montana]], serving under Governor [[Thomas Lee Judge]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Schwinden |first1=Ted |last2=Barrett |first2=Evan |date=January 1, 2016 |title=Biography of Ted Schwinden |url=https://digitalcommons.mtech.edu/crucible_bios/33 |journal=Biographies and Photos of Series Participants}}</ref> He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 to 1981.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schwartzenburg-scotland.html#844.93.79|title= Schwinden, Ted (b. 1925)|publisher= The Political Graveyard|accessdate= October 10, 2012}}</ref>


Schwinden defeated Judge in the Democratic primary in 1980. He then beat Republican Jack Ramirez in that year's [[1980 Montana gubernatorial election|gubernatorial election]] to become the 19th governor of Montana.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XPsjAAAAIBAJ&pg=3625,2603786&dq=ted-schwinden+montana+thomas-judge&hl=en |title=Schwinden exults after beating Judge |work=The Spokesman Review |date=June 5, 1980 |accessdate=December 5, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55690950.html?dids=55690950:55690950&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+08%2C+1987&author=Allen+H.+Neuharth%3BKen+Paulson%3BDan+Greaney%3BJo-Ann+Swanson%3BGaynelle+Evans&pub=USA+TODAY+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Topic%3A+MONTANA%3BWe+want+to+grow%2C+and+protect+a+way+of+life&pqatl=google |title=MONTANA;We want to grow, and protect a way of life |first=Allen H. |last=Neuharth |author2=Ken Paulson |author3=Dan Greaney |author4=Jo-Ann Swanson |author5= Gaynelle Evans |date=June 8, 1987 |work=USA Today |accessdate=December 5, 2010 |quote=Ted Schwinden, 61, a Democrat, was elected governor of Montana in 1980 and was re-elected in 1984. He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 until 1981.}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=October 9, 2023 |title=Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98 |url=https://www.ktvh.com/news/former-montana-gov-schwinden-dies-at-98 |access-date=October 9, 2023 |website=KTVH |language=en}}</ref> He was [[1984 Montana gubernatorial election|re-elected]] governor in 1984, getting the victory over State Senator Pat M. Goodover.<ref name=":2" /> Hallmarks of Schwinden's governorship were his "Build Montana" economic plan and popular traveling "Capital for a Day" events, and was known for leading Montana through its economic difficulties.<ref name = MHS/><ref name=":2" /> He took pride in being what he felt was a governor who maintained an open and attentive approach to the needs and concerns of the public.<ref name=":2" /> Despite favorable polling in 1988, he chose not to seek a third term as governor, staying true to his promise of serving only two terms in office.<ref name=":0" />
Schwinden defeated Judge in the Democratic primary in 1980. He then beat Republican Jack Ramirez in that year's [[1980 Montana gubernatorial election|gubernatorial election]] to become the 19th governor of Montana.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XPsjAAAAIBAJ&pg=3625,2603786&dq=ted-schwinden+montana+thomas-judge&hl=en |title=Schwinden exults after beating Judge |work=The Spokesman Review |date=June 5, 1980 |accessdate=December 5, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55690950.html?dids=55690950:55690950&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+08%2C+1987&author=Allen+H.+Neuharth%3BKen+Paulson%3BDan+Greaney%3BJo-Ann+Swanson%3BGaynelle+Evans&pub=USA+TODAY+%28pre-1997+Fulltext%29&desc=Topic%3A+MONTANA%3BWe+want+to+grow%2C+and+protect+a+way+of+life&pqatl=google |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104151130/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/55690950.html?dids=55690950:55690950&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+08,+1987&author=Allen+H.+Neuharth%3BKen+Paulson%3BDan+Greaney%3BJo-Ann+Swanson%3BGaynelle+Evans&pub=USA+TODAY+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Topic:+MONTANA%3BWe+want+to+grow,+and+protect+a+way+of+life&pqatl=google |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 4, 2012 |title=MONTANA;We want to grow, and protect a way of life |first=Allen H. |last=Neuharth |author2=Ken Paulson |author3=Dan Greaney |author4=Jo-Ann Swanson |author5= Gaynelle Evans |date=June 8, 1987 |work=USA Today |accessdate=December 5, 2010 |quote=Ted Schwinden, 61, a Democrat, was elected governor of Montana in 1980 and was re-elected in 1984. He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 until 1981.}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=October 9, 2023 |title=Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98 |url=https://www.ktvh.com/news/former-montana-gov-schwinden-dies-at-98 |access-date=October 9, 2023 |website=KTVH |language=en}}</ref> He was [[1984 Montana gubernatorial election|re-elected]] governor in 1984, getting the victory over State Senator Pat M. Goodover.<ref name=":2" /> Hallmarks of Schwinden's governorship were his "Build Montana" economic plan and popular traveling "Capital for a Day" events, and was known for leading Montana through its economic difficulties.<ref name = MHS/><ref name=":2" /> He took pride in being what he felt was a governor who maintained an open and attentive approach to the needs and concerns of the public.<ref name=":2" /> Despite favorable polling in 1988, he chose not to seek a third term as governor, staying true to his promise of serving only two terms in office.<ref name=":0" />


==Personal life and death==
==Personal life and death==
Schwinden married the former Jean Christianson in 1946. Schwinden and his wife had two sons, Mike Schwinden and Dore Schwinden, and one daughter, Chrys Anderson.<ref name="auto"/><ref name=":1" /> Jean Schwinden died from cancer on March 24, 2007, at age 81.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJ8iAAAAMAAJ&q=Jean+Schwinden+christianson|title=Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1978–1983|first=John|last=Raimo|date=October 9, 1985|publisher=Meckler Pub.|isbn=9780930466626 |via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://helenair.com/news/state-and-regional/article_5f8eb573-0480-521d-a204-9b1213427bc7.html |title=Former first lady dies of cancer |date=March 25, 2007 |publisher=Helenair.com |accessdate=December 5, 2010}}</ref>
Schwinden married the former Jean Christianson in 1946. Schwinden and his wife had two sons, Mike Schwinden and Dore Schwinden, and one daughter, Chrys Anderson.<ref name="auto"/><ref name=":1" /> Jean Schwinden died from cancer on March 24, 2007, at age 81.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJ8iAAAAMAAJ&q=Jean+Schwinden+christianson|title=Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1978–1983|first=John|last=Raimo|date=October 9, 1985|publisher=Meckler Pub.|isbn=9780930466626 |via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://helenair.com/news/state-and-regional/article_5f8eb573-0480-521d-a204-9b1213427bc7.html |title=Former first lady dies of cancer |date=March 25, 2007 |publisher=Helenair.com |accessdate=December 5, 2010}}</ref>


On October 7, 2023, Schwinden died at home of daughter, Chrys Anderson in [[Phoenix, Arizona]], age 98.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://billingsgazette.com/news/state-regional/government-politics/ted-schwinden-montana-governor/article_ccd803e8-6618-11ee-84ff-3ffd4a5b32fc.html|title='Tough old bird': Straight-talking former Montana governor Ted Schwinden dies at 98|work=[[Billings Gazette]]|date=October 8, 2023 |access-date=October 8, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Ambarian |first=Jonathon |date=October 8, 2023 |title=Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98 |url=https://www.kpax.com/news/former-montana-gov-schwinden-dies-at-98 |accessdate=October 8, 2023 |work=[[KPAX-TV]]}}</ref>
In his later years, Schwinden lived with his daughter in [[Phoenix, Arizona]].<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://billingsgazette.com/news/state-regional/government-politics/ted-schwinden-montana-governor/article_ccd803e8-6618-11ee-84ff-3ffd4a5b32fc.html|title='Tough old bird': Straight-talking former Montana governor Ted Schwinden dies at 98|work=[[Billings Gazette]]|date=October 8, 2023 |access-date=October 8, 2023}}</ref> He died in Phoenix on October 7, 2023, at the age of 98.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ambarian |first=Jonathon |date=October 8, 2023 |title=Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98 |url=https://www.kpax.com/news/former-montana-gov-schwinden-dies-at-98 |accessdate=October 8, 2023 |work=[[KPAX-TV]]}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:1925 births]]
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[[Category:2023 deaths]]
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[[Category:20th-century American politicians]]
[[Category:Lutherans from Montana]]
[[Category:Lutherans from Montana]]
[[Category:Democratic Party governors of Montana]]
[[Category:Democratic Party governors of Montana]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the Montana House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the Montana House of Representatives]]
[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Montana]]
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Montana]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Montana]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Montana]]
[[Category:People from Wolf Point, Montana]]
[[Category:People from Wolf Point, Montana]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:University of Montana alumni]]
[[Category:University of Montana alumni]]
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[[Category:20th-century members of the Montana Legislature]]

Latest revision as of 07:32, 14 December 2024

Ted Schwinden
19th Governor of Montana
In office
January 5, 1981 – January 2, 1989
Lieutenant
Preceded byTom Judge
Succeeded byStan Stephens
23rd Lieutenant Governor of Montana
In office
January 3, 1977 – January 5, 1981
GovernorTom Judge
Preceded byBill Christiansen
Succeeded byGeorge Turman
Personal details
Born
Theodore Schwinden

(1925-08-31)August 31, 1925
Roosevelt County, Montana, U.S.
DiedOctober 7, 2023(2023-10-07) (aged 98)
Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.
Political partyDemocratic
Spouse
Jean Christianson
​
​
(m. 1946; died 2007)​
Children3
Education
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Army
Years of service1944–1946
Battles/warsWorld War II

Theodore Schwinden (August 31, 1925 – October 7, 2023) was an American politician from Montana. He was the 19th governor of Montana from 1981 to 1989. He had previously served as the 23rd lieutenant governor of Montana and as a member of the Montana House of Representatives.[1]

Biography

[edit]

Theodore Schwinden was born in Roosevelt County, Montana, on his family's farm on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation between Wolf Point and Poplar.[2] Schwinden was a valedictorian at his high school.[3] He enlisted in the United States Army and served in both the European and Pacific theaters in World War II. He left the army in 1946.[3] He earned a bachelor's and master's from the University of Montana.[4] He was studying toward a PhD in economics at the University of Minnesota before he had to return to his family farm due to his father's ill health.[5][6][7]

Career

[edit]

A member of the Democratic Party, Schwinden was elected to the Montana House of Representatives in 1958, defeating Republican incumbent Chris S. Tange to represent Roosevelt County.[8] Schwinden completed two terms in the House but was unsuccessful in his campaign for a third term.[3] He was elected and named to the Legislative Council in 1959. He served as the House minority whip in 1961. In 1965, he was elected president of the Grain Growers Association. In 1969, he was named Commissioner of State Lands by governor Forrest H. Anderson.[3] He was reappointed in 1973 and served until April 1976. Schwinden resigned to campaign for lieutenant governor and was elected the 23rd lieutenant governor of Montana, serving under Governor Thomas Lee Judge.[9] He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 to 1981.[10]

Schwinden defeated Judge in the Democratic primary in 1980. He then beat Republican Jack Ramirez in that year's gubernatorial election to become the 19th governor of Montana.[11][12][13] He was re-elected governor in 1984, getting the victory over State Senator Pat M. Goodover.[13] Hallmarks of Schwinden's governorship were his "Build Montana" economic plan and popular traveling "Capital for a Day" events, and was known for leading Montana through its economic difficulties.[2][13] He took pride in being what he felt was a governor who maintained an open and attentive approach to the needs and concerns of the public.[13] Despite favorable polling in 1988, he chose not to seek a third term as governor, staying true to his promise of serving only two terms in office.[3]

Personal life and death

[edit]

Schwinden married the former Jean Christianson in 1946. Schwinden and his wife had two sons, Mike Schwinden and Dore Schwinden, and one daughter, Chrys Anderson.[4][9] Jean Schwinden died from cancer on March 24, 2007, at age 81.[14][15]

In his later years, Schwinden lived with his daughter in Phoenix, Arizona.[3] He died in Phoenix on October 7, 2023, at the age of 98.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Former State Governors". www.netstate.com. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "Governor Ted Schwinden". Montana Historical Society. Archived from the original on August 20, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "'Tough old bird': Straight-talking former Montana governor Ted Schwinden dies at 98". Billings Gazette. October 8, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2023.
  4. ^ a b "Ted Schwinden". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  5. ^ Schwinden, Ted; Barrett, Evan (January 2016). "Biography of Ted Schwinden". Biographies and Photos of Series Participants.
  6. ^ "Gov. Ted Schwinden cared for Montana". December 28, 2020.
  7. ^ "A talk with Ted: Catching up with former Montana Governor Schwinden". November 19, 2020.
  8. ^ "Demo Emphasis Appears Aimed at Greater Strength in Senate". The People's Voice. Vol. 19, no. 28. Helena, Montana. June 13, 1958. pp. 1–2. Retrieved October 8, 2023.
  9. ^ a b Schwinden, Ted; Barrett, Evan (January 1, 2016). "Biography of Ted Schwinden". Biographies and Photos of Series Participants.
  10. ^ "Schwinden, Ted (b. 1925)". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
  11. ^ "Schwinden exults after beating Judge". The Spokesman Review. June 5, 1980. Retrieved December 5, 2010.
  12. ^ Neuharth, Allen H.; Ken Paulson; Dan Greaney; Jo-Ann Swanson; Gaynelle Evans (June 8, 1987). "MONTANA;We want to grow, and protect a way of life". USA Today. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved December 5, 2010. Ted Schwinden, 61, a Democrat, was elected governor of Montana in 1980 and was re-elected in 1984. He served as lieutenant governor from 1977 until 1981.
  13. ^ a b c d "Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98". KTVH. October 9, 2023. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
  14. ^ Raimo, John (October 9, 1985). Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States, 1978–1983. Meckler Pub. ISBN 9780930466626 – via Google Books.
  15. ^ "Former first lady dies of cancer". Helenair.com. March 25, 2007. Retrieved December 5, 2010.
  16. ^ Ambarian, Jonathon (October 8, 2023). "Former Montana Gov. Schwinden dies at 98". KPAX-TV. Retrieved October 8, 2023.
[edit]
Political offices
Preceded by Lieutenant Governor of Montana
1977–1981 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Governor of Montana
1981–1989 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Democratic nominee for Governor of Montana
1980, 1984 		Succeeded by
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