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18°48′49″N 98°58′56″E / 18.81356°N 98.98209°E / 18.81356; 98.98209 Khuang Singh Monument (อนุสาวรีย์ข่วงสิงห์; also known as the Twin Lions Monument) is a historical monument of two singhs (lions) in Chiang Mai, Thailand. It was built by King Kawila in 1801, mirroring the style of the Chang Phueak Monument. Surrounded by a pond, the lions symbolized Chiang Mai's renewed power and deterred future Burmese invasions. The twin lions are considered guardian deities who protect the city and is a sacred site revered by the people of Chiang Mai.^[1]^[2]^[3]

History

The monument was built during the reign of King Kawila in 1801, located about 2 kilometers north of Chiang Mai city. The two lion statues face east and north, respectively. Before going into battle, troops would stop at this site to perform a ceremony to bring good fortune. Later, the intersection became known as Khwang Sing Chai Mongkon (Auspicious Lion Intersection).^[4]

King Inthawichayanon, the 7th ruler of Chiang Mai (r. 1870–1897), later ordered the construction of a nearby temple, now known as Wat Khwang Singh. On March 8, 1935, the Fine Arts Department designated the monument as a national historical site. In 1996, to mark the 700th anniversary of Chiang Mai, government and private organizations collaborated to restore and enhance the Khwang Singh Monument and its surroundings. The restoration included excavating a moat and constructing a wide, brick-paved platform with stairs leading up from the east. The lion statues, each standing about 2 meters tall and painted white, are enclosed within the site.^[5]

Today, it remains a sacred site where newly appointed governors of Chiang Mai pay their respects to seek blessings. Since its completion, a ceremony has been held annually to invite guardian deities and sacred spirits to reside at this location. Over 300 mediums participated in the ceremony, offering sacrifices and performing traditional dances to honor these guardian spirits.^[5]

Local information about the monument
Overview of the monument from the east
Lion statue facing east
Lion statue facing north

References

^ Arts, SEAMEO Project in Archaeology and Fine (1986). Historical and Archaeological Sites and Monuments of Southeast Asia: A Compilation. Southeast Asian Ministers of Education.
^ "City Sights (Historic Monuments)". chiangmai.com.
^ Phamō̜nbut, ʻĀphā (1989). "The Story of Chiengmai: Historic City ..." Dūang Kamon Samai.
^ "ร่างทรงกว่า 300 คนร่วมพิธีบวงสรวงอนุสาวรีย์สิงห์คู่ปกปักรักษาเมืองเชียงใหม่". mgronline.com (in Thai). 13 June 2015.
^ ^a ^b "อนุสาวรีย์ "บรรพชนนิรนาม" "ข่วงสิงห์ (คู่) สถานรำลึก "วีรกรรม ปกป้องเมืองเชียงใหม่"". Chiang Mai News (in Thai). 2 April 2019.

[1] Arts, SEAMEO Project in Archaeology and Fine (1986). Historical and Archaeological Sites and Monuments of Southeast Asia: A Compilation. Southeast Asian Ministers of Education.

[2] "City Sights (Historic Monuments)". chiangmai.com.

[3] Phamō̜nbut, ʻĀphā (1989). "The Story of Chiengmai: Historic City ..." Dūang Kamon Samai.

[4] "ร่างทรงกว่า 300 คนร่วมพิธีบวงสรวงอนุสาวรีย์สิงห์คู่ปกปักรักษาเมืองเชียงใหม่". mgronline.com (in Thai). 13 June 2015.

[cnx-5] "อนุสาวรีย์ "บรรพชนนิรนาม" "ข่วงสิงห์ (คู่) สถานรำลึก "วีรกรรม ปกป้องเมืองเชียงใหม่"". Chiang Mai News (in Thai). 2 April 2019.

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-{{coord missing|Thailand}}
+{{coord|18.81356|98.98209|display=title}}
 '''Khuang Singh Monument'''  (อนุสาวรีย์ข่วงสิงห์; also known as the '''Twin Lions Monument''') is a historical monument of two singhs (lions) in [[Chiang Mai]], Thailand. It was built by King [[Kawila]] in 1801, mirroring the style of the [[Chang Phueak Monument]]. Surrounded by a pond, the lions symbolized Chiang Mai's renewed power and deterred future Burmese invasions. The twin lions are considered guardian deities who protect the city and is a sacred site revered by the people of Chiang Mai.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Arts |first1=SEAMEO Project in Archaeology and Fine |title=Historical and Archaeological Sites and Monuments of Southeast Asia: A Compilation |date=1986 |publisher=Southeast Asian Ministers of Education |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Historical_and_Archaeological_Sites_and/Buc5ug7fsCMC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Khuang+Sing+Monument&dq=Khuang+Sing+Monument&printsec=frontcover |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=City Sights (Historic Monuments) |url=https://www.chiangmai1.com/chiang_mai/city_sights.shtml |website=chiangmai.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Phamō̜nbut |first1=ʻĀphā |title=The Story of Chiengmai: Historic City ... |url=https://books.google.com/books?newbks=0&redir_esc=y&id=d_twAAAAMAAJ&dq=Khuang+Singh+Monument+Lion+Lawn&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Khuang+Singh+ |publisher=Dūang Kamon Samai |date=1989 |language=en}}</ref>
 ==History==
-The monument was built during the reign of King [[Kawila]] in 1801, located about 2 kilometers north of Chiang Mai city. The two lion statues face east and north, respectively. Before going into battle, troops would stop at this site to perform a ceremony to bring good fortune. Later, the intersection became known as ''Khwang Sing Chai Mongkon'' (Auspicious Lion Intersection). Today, it remains a sacred site where newly appointed governors of Chiang Mai pay their respects to seek blessings. Since its completion, a ceremony has been held annually to invite guardian deities and sacred spirits to reside at this location. Over 300 mediums participated in the ceremony, offering sacrifices and performing traditional dances to honor these guardian spirits.<ref>{{cite news |title=ร่างทรงกว่า 300 คนร่วมพิธีบวงสรวงอนุสาวรีย์สิงห์คู่ปกปักรักษาเมืองเชียงใหม่ |url=https://mgronline.com/local/detail/9580000066962 |work=mgronline.com |date=13 June 2015 |language=th}}</ref>
+The monument was built during the reign of King [[Kawila]] in 1801, located about 2 kilometers north of Chiang Mai city. The two lion statues face east and north, respectively. Before going into battle, troops would stop at this site to perform a ceremony to bring good fortune. Later, the intersection became known as ''Khwang Sing Chai Mongkon'' (Auspicious Lion Intersection).<ref>{{cite news |title=ร่างทรงกว่า 300 คนร่วมพิธีบวงสรวงอนุสาวรีย์สิงห์คู่ปกปักรักษาเมืองเชียงใหม่ |url=https://mgronline.com/local/detail/9580000066962 |work=mgronline.com |date=13 June 2015 |language=th}}</ref>
-King [[Inthawichayanon]], the 7th ruler of Chiang Mai (r. 1873–1896), later ordered the construction of a nearby temple, now known as [[Wat Chai Mongkol]]. In 1996, to mark the 700th anniversary of Chiang Mai, government and private organizations collaborated to restore and enhance the Khwang Singh Monument and its surroundings. The restoration included excavating a moat and constructing a wide, brick-paved platform with stairs leading up from the east. The lion statues, each standing about 2 meters tall and painted white, are enclosed within the site. On March 8, 1935, the Fine Arts Department designated the monument as a national historical site.<ref>{{cite news |title=อนุสาวรีย์ “บรรพชนนิรนาม” “ข่วงสิงห์ (คู่) สถานรำลึก “วีรกรรม ปกป้องเมืองเชียงใหม่” |url=https://www.chiangmainews.co.th/page/archives/960302 |work=Chiang Mai News |date=2 April 2019 |language=th}}</ref>
+King [[Inthawichayanon]], the 7th ruler of Chiang Mai (r. 1870–1897), later ordered the construction of a nearby temple, now known as [[Wat Khwang Singh]]. On March 8, 1935, the Fine Arts Department designated the monument as a national historical site. In 1996, to mark the 700th anniversary of Chiang Mai, government and private organizations collaborated to restore and enhance the Khwang Singh Monument and its surroundings. The restoration included excavating a moat and constructing a wide, brick-paved platform with stairs leading up from the east. The lion statues, each standing about 2 meters tall and painted white, are enclosed within the site.<ref name="cnx">{{cite news |title=อนุสาวรีย์ “บรรพชนนิรนาม” “ข่วงสิงห์ (คู่) สถานรำลึก “วีรกรรม ปกป้องเมืองเชียงใหม่” |url=https://www.chiangmainews.co.th/page/archives/960302 |work=Chiang Mai News |date=2 April 2019 |language=th}}</ref>
+Today, it remains a sacred site where newly appointed governors of Chiang Mai pay their respects to seek blessings. Since its completion, a ceremony has been held annually to invite guardian deities and sacred spirits to reside at this location. Over 300 mediums participated in the ceremony, offering sacrifices and performing traditional dances to honor these guardian spirits.<ref name="cnx"/>
+<gallery mode=packed>
+Khuang Singh Monument lokale info IMG20240124113444.jpg|Local information about the monument
+Khuang Singh Monument Overzicht oostzijde IMG20240124113533.jpg|Overview of the monument from the east
+Khuang Singh Monument Oostwaarts gerichte paviljoen IMG20240124113549.jpg|Lion statue facing east
+Khuang Singh Monument Noordwaarts gerichte paviljoen IMG20240124113619.jpg|Lion statue facing north
+</gallery>
 ==References==