La jeune France: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Name of two French societies in 1930s and 1940s}} |
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'''La jeune France''' ("Young France") was the name of two related French societies in the 1930s and 1940s. |
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| ⚫ | ''La jeune France'' was founded in 1936 by [[André Jolivet]] along with composers [[Olivier Messiaen]], [[Daniel Lesur]] and [[Yves Baudrier]], who were attempting to re-establish a more human and less abstract form of [[musical composition|composition]]. Their first concert took place on 3 June 1936, conducted by [[Roger Désormière]]. It developed from the [[avant-garde]] [[chamber music]] society {{lang|fr|La spirale}}, formed by Jolivet, Messiaen, and Lesur the previous year. The name originated with [[Hector Berlioz]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/303331/La-Jeune-France|title = La Jeune France | French music group|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]}}</ref> ''La jeune France'' composers are associated with [[mysticism]]. However, [[Virgil Thomson]] describes the group as [[neo-impressionist]] rather than [[post-romantic|post-]] or [[neo-romantic]]: |
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<blockquote> |
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An addiction to religious subject matter, common all over post-war Europe, is no more significant in Messiaen than is [[orientalism]] with Jolivet or the classical humanism of [[Manuel Rosenthal|Rosenthal]] (and [[Gian Francesco Malipiero|Malipiero]]).<ref>[[Virgil Thomson|Thomson, Virgil]]: "''Possibilities'': V. T. Questioned by 8 Composers (1947)", in: ''Virgil Thomson. A Reader: Selected Writings, 1924–1984'', edited by [[Richard Kostelanetz]] (New York: Routledge, 2002), {{ISBN|0-415-93795-7}}, p. 268.</ref> |
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</blockquote> |
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== |
==Political organization== |
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| ⚫ | Its goal was a French cultural renewal in the context of [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|German occupation]], through developing youth-oriented cultural and artistic events like theatrical performances, concerts, and exhibitions. Another aim was to employ unemployed artists. It also sponsored the creation of the short-lived artistic commune in [[Oppède]] (near [[Marseille]]) founded in 1940 by [[Bernard Zehrfuss]]. |
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| ⚫ | '' |
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<ref>Brockington, Horace: "Creative Occupation: Collaborative Artistic Practices in Europe 1937–1943", in: Holly Crawford (ed.): ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5kbIr4DRFbwC&pg=PA44 Artistic Bedfellows: Histories, Theories and Conversations in Collaborative Art Practices]'' (Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 2008), {{ISBN|9780761841913}}, pp. 27-59; here: p. 44.</ref> |
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| ⚫ | The organization was chaired by pianist [[Alfred Cortot]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} The philosopher [[Emmanuel Mounier]] served as its cultural advisor.<ref>[[Philip Nord|Nord, Philip]]: ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=oyC7tl0ny40C&q=mounier+%22cultural+adviser%22 France's New Deal: From the Thirties to the Postwar Era]'' (Princeton University Press), 2010) {{ISBN|9780691156118}}, p. 266.</ref> The dramatic performers involved included [[Jean Vilar]], [[Raymond Rouleau]], [[Pierre Fresnay]], [[Pierre Renoir]], along with visual artists like [[Jean René Bazaine]], [[Jean Bertholle]], [[Jean Le Moal]], and [[Alfred Manessier]], the architect [[Auguste Perret]], among others. |
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'La jeune France' vocal compositions are included on the album of the same title: Jolivet's ''Épithalame'', Messiaen's ''Cinq rechants'', and Daniel-Lesur's ''Le cantique des cantiques''<ref>http://www.the-sixteen.org.uk/recordings/coro_23.htm</ref>. |
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| ⚫ | Its goal was a French cultural renewal |
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| ⚫ | The organization was chaired by pianist [[Alfred Cortot]] |
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The Vichy regime dissolved the organization in March 1942. |
The Vichy regime dissolved the organization in March 1942. |
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==Sources== |
==Sources== |
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<references/> |
<references /> |
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{{La jeune France}} |
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* [[:fr:Roger-Henri Expert|this page translated from its French equivalent accessed 9/16/2010]] |
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{{Vichy France}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:1940 establishments in France]] |
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[[Category:1942 disestablishments in France]] |
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[[Category:20th-century classical music]] |
[[Category:20th-century classical music]] |
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[[Category:Modernism (music)]] |
[[Category:Modernism (music)]] |
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[[Category:Musical groups established in 1936]] |
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[[Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1942]] |
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[[Category:Vichy France]] |
[[Category:Vichy France]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Olivier Messiaen]] |
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[[fr:Jeune France]] |
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[[ja:若きフランス]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:22, 20 November 2024
La jeune France ("Young France") was the name of two related French societies in the 1930s and 1940s.
Musical organization
[edit]La jeune France was founded in 1936 by André Jolivet along with composers Olivier Messiaen, Daniel Lesur and Yves Baudrier, who were attempting to re-establish a more human and less abstract form of composition. Their first concert took place on 3 June 1936, conducted by Roger Désormière. It developed from the avant-garde chamber music society La spirale, formed by Jolivet, Messiaen, and Lesur the previous year. The name originated with Hector Berlioz.[1] La jeune France composers are associated with mysticism. However, Virgil Thomson describes the group as neo-impressionist rather than post- or neo-romantic:
An addiction to religious subject matter, common all over post-war Europe, is no more significant in Messiaen than is orientalism with Jolivet or the classical humanism of Rosenthal (and Malipiero).[2]
Political organization
[edit]The cultural/political organization Jeune France was founded by composer Pierre Schaeffer as part of the Révolution nationale initiative of the Vichy regime. It was launched on 15 August 1940 and named after the music society (after asking permission to use the title).
Its goal was a French cultural renewal in the context of German occupation, through developing youth-oriented cultural and artistic events like theatrical performances, concerts, and exhibitions. Another aim was to employ unemployed artists. It also sponsored the creation of the short-lived artistic commune in Oppède (near Marseille) founded in 1940 by Bernard Zehrfuss. [3]
The organization was chaired by pianist Alfred Cortot.[citation needed] The philosopher Emmanuel Mounier served as its cultural advisor.[4] The dramatic performers involved included Jean Vilar, Raymond Rouleau, Pierre Fresnay, Pierre Renoir, along with visual artists like Jean René Bazaine, Jean Bertholle, Jean Le Moal, and Alfred Manessier, the architect Auguste Perret, among others.
The Vichy regime dissolved the organization in March 1942.
Sources
[edit]- ^ "La Jeune France | French music group". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ Thomson, Virgil: "Possibilities: V. T. Questioned by 8 Composers (1947)", in: Virgil Thomson. A Reader: Selected Writings, 1924–1984, edited by Richard Kostelanetz (New York: Routledge, 2002), ISBN 0-415-93795-7, p. 268.
- ^ Brockington, Horace: "Creative Occupation: Collaborative Artistic Practices in Europe 1937–1943", in: Holly Crawford (ed.): Artistic Bedfellows: Histories, Theories and Conversations in Collaborative Art Practices (Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 2008), ISBN 9780761841913, pp. 27-59; here: p. 44.
- ^ Nord, Philip: France's New Deal: From the Thirties to the Postwar Era (Princeton University Press), 2010) ISBN 9780691156118, p. 266.