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{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
{{Short description|Iranian statesman and aristocrat (1895–1988)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Amirteymour Kalali<br>{{lang|fa|امیرتیمور کلالی}}
| name = Amirteymour Kalali<br>{{lang|fa|امیرتیمور کلالی}}
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| caption =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1894|10|5|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1894|10|5|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Mashhad]], [[Iran|Persia]]
| birth_place = [[Mashhad]], [[Qajar Iran|Sublime State of Persia]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1988|2|11|1894|10|5|df=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1988|2|11|1894|10|5|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| death_place = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
Line 15: Line 17:
| successor1 = [[Gholam Hossein Sadighi]]
| successor1 = [[Gholam Hossein Sadighi]]
| order2 = [[Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Iran)|Minister of Labour]]
| order2 = [[Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Iran)|Minister of Labour]]
| primeminister2 = [[Mohammad Mossadegh]]
| primeminister2 = Mohammad Mossadegh
⚫
| term_start2 = 9 February 1950
⚫
| term_end2 = 27 April 1951
| term_start4 = 6 October 1928
| term_start4 = 6 October 1928
| term_end4 = 10 August 1953
| term_end4 = 10 August 1953
| successor2 = Ebrahim Alami
| successor2 = Ebrahim Alami
| order4 = [[Parliament of Iran|Member of the National Consultative Assembly]]
| order4 = [[Parliament of Iran|Member of the National Consultative Assembly]]
⚫
| term_start2 = 9 February 1950
⚫
| term_end2 = 27 April 1951
| majority4 =
| majority4 =
| resting_place = [[Behesht-e Zahra]], Tehran
| resting_place = [[Behesht-e Zahra]], Tehran
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*[[École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr|Saint-Cyr]]
*[[École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr|Saint-Cyr]]
}}
}}
| birth_name = Mohammad Ebrahim Mirza Amirteymour Kalali
| spouse = Ney Rozma Davalou Qajar (died)<br>Afrouz Farhood
| spouse = Ney Rozma Davalou Qajar (died)<br>Afrouz Farhood
| children = 11, including [[Nahid Mirza]]
| children = 11, including [[Nahid Mirza]]
| father = [[Mir 'Ali Mardan Khan, Nuzrat ol-Molk|Nuzrat ol-Molk]]
| father = [[Mir 'Ali Mardan Khan, Nuzrat ol-Molk|Nuzrat ol-Molk]]
| mother = [[Ashraf us-Sultana Qajar|Princess Ashraf us-Sultana]]
| mother =
}}
}}
⚫
'''Amirteymour Kalali''' (5 October 1895 – 11 February 1988)<ref>http://www.iichs.ir [http://www.iichs.ir/News-941/محمدابراهیم-امیرتیمور-(کلالی)-/?id=941 محمدابراهیم امیرتیمور (کلالی)]</ref> ({{langx|fa|امیرتیمور کلالی}}), also known as [[Sardar]] Nosrat, was a prominent Iranian statesman and aristocrat. He served as the [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|minister of interior]] and [[Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (Iran)|minister of labour]] in the cabinet led by [[Prime Minister of Iran|Prime Minister]] [[Mohammad Mosaddegh]].<ref name=bkrev>{{cite journal|title=Reviews |author=Fakhreddin Azimi|journal=Iranian Studies|date=Spring 1999|volume=32|issue=2|jstor=4311249 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4311249}}</ref> He was a member of the [[Parliament of Iran]] for nine terms.<ref name=bkrev/>
[[File:Geymsaroka.jpg|thumb|262x262px|[[Mohammad Mosaddegh|Prime Minister Mosaddegh]] and Amirteymour at a cabinet meeting]]
[[File:Oasohcy hachcsao.jpg|thumb|263x263px|L to R: [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi]], [[Mohammad Ali Foroughi]] and Amirteymour]]
⚫
'''Mohammad-Ebrahim [[Mirza]] Amirteymour Kalali''' (5 October 1895 – 11 February 1988)<ref name=":0">http://www.iichs.ir [http://www.iichs.ir/News-941/محمدابراهیم-امیرتیمور-(کلالی)-/?id=941 محمدابراهیم امیرتیمور (کلالی)]</ref> ({{lang-fa|امیرتیمور کلالی}}), also known as [[Sardar]] Nosrat, was a prominent Iranian statesman and aristocrat.


Habib Ladjevardi published his [[Memoir|memoirs]] in 1997.<ref name=bkrev/>
==Background==


==References==
Amirteymour was born into the Timurid dynasty in 1895. His father Ali Mardan Khan was given the title of [[Mir 'Ali Mardan Khan, Nuzrat ol-Molk|Nuzrat ol-Molk]] by [[Naser al-Din Shah Qajar]]. Amirteymour was 93 years old when he died in 1988, and his life had spanned a century that had also impacted modern Iran. His privileged position as one of Iran's biggest landowners, tribe leader, and statesman placed him in the centre of key historical events for about 70 years, both as an eyewitness and participant<ref name=":0" />.
{{Reflist}}

Amirteymour's storey begins in the 1910s, when the last of the Qajar rulers, Ahmad Shah, was on the throne. He takes over as the head of Teymouris when he is only twenty years old, and as the chief, he commands a series of battles and raids along the Afghan border. Amirteymour's troops present him with the decapitated heads of his opponents at the end of one battle.

During his time as a Majles deputy in Tehran, Amirteymour establishes many relationships and ties with significant political figures in the country. He first runs for the Majles in the Fifth Session (1924-26), and according to his own account, he gets the votes but not the seat because he is under the age requirement of thirty years. He is elected to the Sixth Session and then re-elected to the Ninth Session, which ends in 1934<ref name=":0" />.

==Political career==

Amirteymour takes part in the campaign to remove veil. In 1936, [[Reza Shah]] asks him to host a reception at his palace inviting the top officials of Mashhad's holy city, as well as their spouses, who are required to attend without the veil. After that, he hosts a banquet for the city's clergy and their wives. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iran-daily.com/1384/2370/html/art.htm#s89655 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2007-01-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061021214959/http://www.iran-daily.com/1384/2370/html/art.htm |archive-date=2006-10-21 }}</ref>

Despite these gestures, Amirteymour falls out of favour with Reza Shah, having enraged the king with his insolence, as he explains. As a result, he is barred from the parliament for the Tenth and Eleventh sessions, but is able to run for reelection in the Twelfth (1940-42)<ref name=":0" />.

By the late 1940s, the royal court's intervention in the political affairs of the country is on the rise. On one account Amirteymour describes how Princess Ashraf attempted to gain his cooperation to oust Prime Minister Ghavam. While refusing to go along in this intrigue, Amirteymour took steps to mediate between Ghavam and the Princess<ref name=":0" />.

==Relationship with the Pahlavis==

With the implementation of the land reform initiative in the 1960s, Amirteymour's authority begins to fade. As a major landowner, he opposes the reforms. After the early 1960s, his resistance forces him to withdraw from politics. He is no longer an acitive participant during this period, but rather an observer. He has, nevertheless, shown to be a savvy politician for the past half-century who survived and outlasted his contemporaries despite taking part in numerous key events of the day and frequently straddling the line between opposing camps.

As a later observer, Amirteymour bemoans the Shah's decision to promote young technocrats to prominent positions, believing them to be inexperienced and out of touch with Iran's people, culture, and history. Amirteymour, like a number of other older statesmen, met with the Shah on the eve of the revolution. In his memoirs, he describes their dialogue as well as his personal disappointment with the monarchy's demise. He holds the Shah's policies and leadership accountable for the monarchy's collapse.

==Private life==

Amirteymour fathered eleven children from two wives:

*'''Ney Rozma Davalou Qajar'''
**[[Nahid Amirteymour]], married Nawab (Prince) [[Iskander Mirza]] who also became the first president of Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=ISKANDER ALI MIRZA|url=https://www.prideofpakistan.com/who-is-who-detail/Iskander-Ali-Mirza/752|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=9 October 2020|website=Pride of Pakistan}}</ref>
** Mohammad Reza Mirza Amirteymour, served as Iran's ambassador to the United Kingdom, Soviet Union and India.
** Pari Amirteymour
** Dokhi Amirteymour
** Jahan Amirteymour
** Afsaneh Amirteymour
** Jaleh Amirteymour

'''Afrouz Farhood'''

*Nasrollah Amirteymour
* Laleh Amirteymour
* Homeyra Amirteymour
* Alimardan Amirteymour

==See also==
* [[History of Persia]]
* [[Qajar Dynasty]] of Iran
* Abdolhossein [[Teymourtash]]
* [[Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari]]


==Sources==
==Further reading==
*Agheli, Bagher, ''Teymourtash Dar Sahneye-h Siasate-h Iran'' ("Teimurtash in the Political Arena of Iran") (Javeed: Tehran, 1371).
*Agheli, Bagher, ''Teymourtash Dar Sahneye-h Siasate-h Iran'' ("Teimurtash in the Political Arena of Iran") (Javeed: Tehran, 1371).
*Ansari, Ali, ''Modern Iran Since 1921: The Pahlavis and After'' (Longman: London, 2003) {{ISBN|0-582-35685-7}}.
*Ansari, Ali, ''Modern Iran Since 1921: The Pahlavis and After'' (Longman: London, 2003) {{ISBN|0-582-35685-7}}.
*'Alí Rizā Awsatí (عليرضا اوسطى), ''Iran in the Past Three Centuries'' (''Irān dar Se Qarn-e Goz̲ashteh'' - ايران در سه قرن گذشته), Volumes 1 and 2 (Paktāb Publishing - انتشارات پاکتاب, Tehran, Iran, 2003). {{ISBN|964-93406-6-1}} (Vol. 1), {{ISBN|964-93406-5-3}} (Vol. 2).
*'Alí Rizā Awsatí (عليرضا اوسطى), ''Iran in the Past Three Centuries'' (''Irān dar Se Qarn-e Goz̲ashteh'' - ايران در سه قرن گذشته), Volumes 1 and 2 (Paktāb Publishing - انتشارات پاکتاب, Tehran, Iran, 2003). {{ISBN|964-93406-6-1}} (Vol. 1), {{ISBN|964-93406-5-3}} (Vol. 2).
*Cronin, Stephanie, ''The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society Under Reza Shah'' (Routledge: London, 2003) {{ISBN|0-415-30284-6}}.
*Cronin, Stephanie, ''The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society Under Reza Shah'' (Routledge: London, 2003) {{ISBN|0-415-30284-6}}.
*Ghani, Cyrus, Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power (I.B. Tauris: London, 2000). ISBN 1-86064-629-8.
*Ghani, Cyrus, ''Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power'' (I.B. Tauris: London, 2000). {{ISBN|1-86064-629-8}}.


== References ==
==External links==
{{Reflist}}
*{{Commons-inline}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalali, Amirteymour}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalali, Amirteymour}}
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1890s births]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:1988 deaths]]
[[Category:National Front (Iran) politicians]]
[[Category:National Front (Iran) politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the 14th Iranian Majlis]]
[[Category:Members of the 14th Iranian Majlis]]
[[Category:People from Mashhad]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Iran]]
[[Category:Burials at Behesht-e Zahra]]
[[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
[[Category:Qajar princes]]
[[Category:École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr alumni]]

[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]


{{Iran-politician-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:47, 11 November 2024

Amirteymour Kalali
امیرتیمور کلالی
Minister of Interior
In office
16 December 1951 – 16 July 1952
Prime MinisterMohammad Mossadegh
Preceded byFazlollah Zahedi
Succeeded byGholam Hossein Sadighi
Minister of Labour
In office
9 February 1950 – 27 April 1951
Prime MinisterMohammad Mossadegh
Succeeded byEbrahim Alami
Member of the National Consultative Assembly
In office
6 October 1928 – 10 August 1953
ConstituencyKashmar
Personal details
Born
Mohammad Ebrahim Mirza Amirteymour Kalali

(1894-10-05)5 October 1894
Mashhad, Sublime State of Persia
Died11 February 1988(1988-02-11) (aged 93)
Tehran, Iran
Resting placeBehesht-e Zahra, Tehran
Spouse(s)Ney Rozma Davalou Qajar (died)
Afrouz Farhood
Children11, including Nahid Mirza
Parent
Alma mater

Amirteymour Kalali (5 October 1895 – 11 February 1988)[1] (Persian: امیرتیمور کلالی), also known as Sardar Nosrat, was a prominent Iranian statesman and aristocrat. He served as the minister of interior and minister of labour in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh.[2] He was a member of the Parliament of Iran for nine terms.[2]

Habib Ladjevardi published his memoirs in 1997.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ http://www.iichs.ir محمدابراهیم امیرتیمور (کلالی)
  2. ^ a b c Fakhreddin Azimi (Spring 1999). "Reviews". Iranian Studies. 32 (2). JSTOR 4311249.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Agheli, Bagher, Teymourtash Dar Sahneye-h Siasate-h Iran ("Teimurtash in the Political Arena of Iran") (Javeed: Tehran, 1371).
  • Ansari, Ali, Modern Iran Since 1921: The Pahlavis and After (Longman: London, 2003) ISBN 0-582-35685-7.
  • 'Alí Rizā Awsatí (عليرضا اوسطى), Iran in the Past Three Centuries (Irān dar Se Qarn-e Goz̲ashteh - ايران در سه قرن گذشته), Volumes 1 and 2 (Paktāb Publishing - انتشارات پاکتاب, Tehran, Iran, 2003). ISBN 964-93406-6-1 (Vol. 1), ISBN 964-93406-5-3 (Vol. 2).
  • Cronin, Stephanie, The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society Under Reza Shah (Routledge: London, 2003) ISBN 0-415-30284-6.
  • Ghani, Cyrus, Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power (I.B. Tauris: London, 2000). ISBN 1-86064-629-8.
[edit]


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