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The 1960s in Angola were marked by the War of Independence (1961–1975). Portuguese police arrested Agostinho Neto of the MPLA and future President of Angola (1975–1979) in 1960 for the third time.^[1] Delegates discussed Cabinda's self-determination in relation to Angola at the 4th Commission of the United Nations on Decolonization in New York in 1962. Cabinda became a member of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) as the 39th colonized country in 1964.^[2]

Economy

Angola's industries grew by an annual average rate of 17% in the 1960s as ethnic Europeans seized natives' lands and increased mineral production. Mineral exports doubled between 1965 and 1970 to 170 million pounds. In the district of Huambo, between 1968 and 1970 white-owned land more than doubled from 249,039 hectares to 526,270 hectares. Native-owned land decreased by 36.5%. The average African farm's gross income declined between 1964 and 1970 from $98.00 to $35.00^[3] Portuguese petroleum-production began in Congo Basin in the 1960s, and in the exclave of Cabinda in 1968. Now the petroleum industry is the engine of the Angolan economy.^[4]^[5]

References

^ Jessup, John E. (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996. pp. 518–519.
^ Mullen, J. Atticus Ryan; Christopher A. Mullen (1997). Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization, Yearbook 1997. p. 57.
^ Clark, Desmond J. (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. p. 772.
^ Angola Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine Energy Information Administration
^ Tvedten, Inge (1997). Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction. pp. 82.

[a-1] Jessup, John E. (1998). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996. pp. 518–519.

[b-2] Mullen, J. Atticus Ryan; Christopher A. Mullen (1997). Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization, Yearbook 1997. p. 57.

[c-3] Clark, Desmond J. (1975). The Cambridge History of Africa. p. 772.

[d-4] Angola Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine Energy Information Administration

[e-5] Tvedten, Inge (1997). Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction. pp. 82.

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+{{Short description|Angola-related events during the 1960's}}
 {{20th century in Angola}}
-The '''1960s in Angola''' were marked by the [[Angolan War of Independence|War of Independence]] (1961-1975). Portuguese police arrested [[Agostinho Neto]] of the MPLA and future President of Angola (1975-1979) in 1960 for the third time.<ref name=a>{{cite book|last=|Jessup|first=John E.|year=1998|title=An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996|pages=518-519}}</ref> Delegates discussed [[Cabinda (province)|Cabinda]]'s [[self-determination]] in relation to Angola at the 4th Commission of the [[United Nations]] on [[Decolonization]] in [[New York]] in 1962. Cabinda became a member of the [[Organization of African Unity]] (OAU) as the 39th colonized country in 1964.<ref name=b>{{cite book|last=Mullen|first=J. Atticus Ryan|coauthors=Christopher A. Mullen|year=1997|title=Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization, Yearbook 1997|pages=57}}</ref>
+The '''1960s in Angola''' were marked by the [[Angolan War of Independence|War of Independence]] (1961–1975). Portuguese police arrested [[Agostinho Neto]] of the MPLA and future President of Angola (1975–1979) in 1960 for the third time.<ref name=a>{{cite book|last=Jessup|first=John E.|year=1998|title=An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996|pages=518–519}}</ref> Delegates discussed [[Cabinda (province)|Cabinda]]'s [[self-determination]] in relation to Angola at the 4th Commission of the [[United Nations]] on [[Decolonization]] in [[New York City|New York]] in 1962. Cabinda became a member of the [[Organisation of African Unity]] (OAU) as the 39th colonized country in 1964.<ref name=b>{{cite book|last=Mullen|first=J. Atticus Ryan|author2=Christopher A. Mullen|year=1997|title=Unrepresented Nations & Peoples Organization, Yearbook 1997|pages=57}}</ref>
 ==Economy==
 {{Main|Economy of Angola}}
-Angola's industries grew by an annual average rate of 17% in the [[1960s]] as ethnic Europeans seized natives' lands and increased mineral production. Mineral exports doubled between 1965 and 1970 to 170 million pounds. In the district of [[Huambo]], between 1968 and 1970 white-owned land more than doubled from 249,039 hecters to 526,270 hecters. Native-owned land decreased by 36.5%. The average African farm's gross income declined between 1964 and 1970 from $98.00 to $35.00<ref name=c>{{cite book|last=Clark|first=Desmond J.|year=1975|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|pages=772}}</ref> [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[petroleum]]-production began in [[Congo basin]] in the [[1960s]], and in the [[exclave]] of Cabinda in 1968. Today the [[petroleum industry]] is the engine of the [[Angolan economy]].<ref name=d>[http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Angola/pdf.pdf Angola] Energy Information Administration</ref><ref name=e>{{cite book|last=Tvedten|first=Inge|year=1997|title=Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction|pages=82}}</ref>
+Angola's industries grew by an annual average rate of 17% in the 1960s as ethnic Europeans seized natives' lands and increased mineral production. Mineral exports doubled between 1965 and 1970 to 170 million pounds. In the district of [[Huambo]], between 1968 and 1970 white-owned land more than doubled from 249,039 hectares to 526,270 hectares. Native-owned land decreased by 36.5%. The average African farm's gross income declined between 1964 and 1970 from $98.00 to $35.00<ref name=c>{{cite book|last=Clark|first=Desmond J.|year=1975|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|pages=772}}</ref> [[Portugal|Portuguese]] [[petroleum]]-production began in [[Congo Basin]] in the 1960s, and in the [[exclave]] of Cabinda in 1968. Now the [[petroleum industry]] is the engine of the [[Angolan economy]].<ref name=d>[http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Angola/pdf.pdf Angola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926035705/http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Angola/pdf.pdf |date=2007-09-26 }} Energy Information Administration</ref><ref name=e>{{cite book|last=Tvedten|first=Inge|year=1997|title=Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction|url=https://archive.org/details/angolastrugglefo00tved|url-access=registration|pages=[https://archive.org/details/angolastrugglefo00tved/page/82 82]}}</ref>
-==References==
-{{Reflist}}
 ==See also==
 *[[Portuguese West Africa]]
+==References==
-{{Angola-stub}}
+{{Reflist}}
-{{Africa-hist-stub}}
-[[Category:1960s by country|Angola]]
+[[Category:1960s in Angola| ]]
-[[Category:History of Angola]]

20th century of Angola
Part of a series on
Decades
1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s
See also
War of Independence (1961 to 1975) Civil War (1975 to 2002)
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