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Coordinates: 56°20′20″N 5°43′50″E / 56.33889°N 5.73056°E / 56.33889; 5.73056
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{{short description|Submarine of the Royal Navy}}
{| border="1" align="right" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="300"
|colspan="2"|
|-
!style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy no-repeat scroll top left;"|Career
!style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy no-repeat scroll top left;"|[[Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|Royal Navy Ensign]]
|-
|Ordered:
|
|-
|Laid down:
|
|-
|Launched:
|[[Portsmouth]] [[14 November]] [[1916]]
|-
|Commissioned:
|
|-
|Decommissioned:
|
|-
|Fate:
|Sunk to prevent capture following accidental collision [[18 November]] [[1917]]
|-
|Struck:
|
|-
!colspan="2" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy no-repeat scroll top left;"|General characteristics
|-
|Displacement:
|1980 tons surfaced/2566 tons dived
|-
|Length:
|339 ft (103 m)
|-
|Beam:
|26 ft 6 in (8.1 m)
|-
|Draught:
|20 ft 11 in (6.4 m)
|-
|Propulsion:
|Twin 10 500 shp (7.8 MW) oil-fired Yarrow boilers each powering a Brown-Curtis or Parsons geared [[steam turbine]]s, Twin 3 blade 7 ft 6 in (2.3 m) screws<br>
Four 1440 hp (1.1 MW) [[electric motor]]s.
One 800 hp (600 kW) Vickers [[diesel generator]] for charging [[battery (electricity)|batteries]] on the surface.
|-
|Speed:
|24 knots (44 km/h) surfaced, 8 knots (15 km/h) dived
|-
|Range:
|Surface: 800 nautical miles (1500 km) at maximum speed, 12500 miles <!-- nautical or statute?, ( km) --> at 10 knots (19 km/h) <br>
Dived: 8 nautical miles (15 km) at 8 knots (15 km/h), 40 miles<!-- nautical or statute?, ( km) --> at 4 knots (7 km/h)
|-
|Complement:
|59 (6 officers and 53 ratings)
|-
|Armament:
|4 x 18 in (457 mm) beam torpedo tubes, 4 x 18 in (457 mm) bow tubes, plus 8 spare torpedoes, 2 x 4 in (102 mm) guns, 1 x 3 in (76 mm) gun. Twin 18 in (457 mm) deck tubes originally fitted but later removed.
|}


{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}
'''HMS ''K1''''' was a [[First World War]] [[steam turbine]] propelled [[British K class submarine|K class]] [[submarine]] of the [[Great Britain|British]] [[Royal Navy]].
{{Use British English|date=November 2016}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag=[[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|RN Ensign]]
|Ship name=HMS ''K1''
|Ship builder=
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=14 November 1916 at [[Portsmouth]]
|Ship sponsor=
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship fate=Sunk to prevent capture following accidental collision, 18 November 1917
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=[[British K-class submarine|K-class]] [[submarine]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|1980|LT|t|abbr=on}} (surfaced)
*{{convert|2566|LT|t|abbr=on}} (submerged)
|Ship length={{convert|339|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|26|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|20|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship power=*{{convert|21100|shp|kW|lk=in|abbr=on}} (steam turbines)
*{{convert|5760|hp|kW|abbr=on}} (electric motors)
*{{convert|800|hp|kW|abbr=on}} (diesel generator)
|Ship propulsion=*2 × Brown-Curtis or Parsons geared [[steam turbine]]s
*2 × oil-fired [[Yarrow Shipbuilders|Yarrow]] [[boiler]]s
*4 × [[electric motor]]s
*1 × [[Vickers]] [[diesel generator]] for charging [[battery (electricity)|batteries]] on the surface
*2 × 3-blade {{convert|7|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}-diameter screws
|Ship speed=*{{convert|24|kn|mph km/h|lk=in|abbr=on}} (surfaced)
*{{convert|8|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}} (submerged)
|Ship range=
*'''Surfaced:''' {{convert|800|nmi|mi km|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|24|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}; {{convert|12500|nmi|mi km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}
*'''Submerged:''' {{convert|8|nmi|mi km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|8|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}; {{convert|40|nmi|mi km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}


|Ship endurance=
She was sunk to prevent her from being captured following a collision with [[HMS K4|HMS ''K4'']] off the [[Denmark|Danish]] coast. She had been patrolling on the surface as part of a flotilla of submarines operating in line ahead. The flotilla was led by the [[light cruiser]] [[HMS Blonde (1910)|HMS ''Blonde'']] followed by ''K1'', [[HMS K3|''K3'']], ''K4'' with [[HMS K7|''K7'']] at the rear of the line.
|Ship test depth=
|Ship complement=59 (6 officers and 53 ratings)
|Ship armament=*8 × [[British 18 inch torpedo|18 inch (450 mm)]] [[torpedo tube]]s (4 bow, 4 beam; 8 spare [[torpedo]]es)
*2 × {{convert|18|in|mm|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes originally fitted on deck, but later removed
*2 × {{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on}} guns
*1 × {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} gun
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
'''HMS ''K1''''' was a [[World War I|First World War]] [[steam turbine]]-propelled [[British K-class submarine|K-class]] [[submarine]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. ''K1'' was sunk to prevent it being captured after colliding with {{HMS|K4||2}} off the [[Denmark|Danish]] coast. She had been patrolling on the surface as part of a [[flotilla]] of submarines operating in line ahead. The flotilla was led by the [[light cruiser]] {{HMS|Blonde|1910|2}}, followed by ''K1'', {{HMS|K3||2}}, ''K4'', and {{HMS|K7||2}}. The crew survived and taken off by two cutters sent from HMS Blonde. The collision occurred at approx 17:35 and after consultation with the rescued submariner officers and concluding that the K1 could not be saved, Blonde opened fire with one of her 4 inch guns and sank the submarine with a few shells at 19:10 hours.


==Design==
''Blonde'' turned sharply to avoid three cruisers which crossed her bows from [[starboard]] to [[port]], which caused confusion amongst the following submarines and in the maneuvering [[seawater]] poured into the [[boiler]] room through the [[funnel (ship)|funnel]]s and put the boiler fires out (a common problem in ''K'' class submarines). The loss of steam pressure caused the submarine to slow down and although ''K3'' just missed her, ''K1'' struck a blow alongside the [[conning tower]] which pierced the hull.
''K1'' displaced {{convert|1800|LT|t}} when at the surface and {{convert|2600|LT|t}} while submerged.<ref name="uwm">{{citation|url=http://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/issues/archives/issue_49/KforKatastrophe.html#|title=K for Katastrophe|work=Undersea Warfare|publisher=US Navy|access-date=20 August 2015|date=Winter 2013|issue=49|first=Edward C.|last=Whitman|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120339/http://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/issues/archives/issue_49/KforKatastrophe.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It had a total length of {{convert|338|ft|m}}, a beam of {{convert|26|ft|6|in}}, and a draught of {{convert|20|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Colledge">{{Cite Colledge2006}}<!-- Retrieved from [http://www.naval-history.net/WW1NavyBritishShips-Dittmar3WarshipsA.htm#10 "Submarines"] Naval-History on 20 August 2015.--></ref> The submarine was powered by two oil-fired [[Yarrow Shipbuilders]] boilers each supplying one geared Brown-Curtis or Parsons steam turbine; this developed 10,500&nbsp;ship horsepower (7,800&nbsp;kW) to drive two {{convert|7|ft|6|in|abbr=on}} screws. Submerged power came from four electric motors each producing {{convert|350|to|360|hp}}.<ref name="Colledge"/> It was also had an {{convert|800|hp|abbr=on}} diesel engine to be used when steam was being raised, or instead of raising steam.<ref name="BruceCogar2014">{{cite book|first1=Anthony |last1=Bruce|first2=William |last2=Cogar|title=Encyclopedia of Naval History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yci2AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA356|date=27 January 2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-93534-4|page=356}}</ref>


The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|24|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|9|to| 9.5|kn|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Colledge"/><ref name="Holland2012">{{cite book |first=Julian |last=Holland |title=Amazing & Extraordinary Facts Steam Age|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cgozDvAxsR4C&pg=PT145|date=1 May 2012|publisher=David & Charles|isbn=978-1-4463-5619-7|page=145}}</ref> It could operate at depths of {{convert|150|ft|m|abbr=on}} at {{convert|2|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} for {{convert|80|nmi|km|abbr=on}}.<ref name="uwm"/> ''K1'' was armed with ten {{convert|18|in|adj=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s, two {{convert|4|in|adj=on}} [[deck gun]]s, and a {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on}} [[Anti-aircraft warfare|anti-aircraft gun]].<ref name="Colledge"/> Its torpedo tubes were four in the [[Bow (ship)|bows]], four in the midship section firing to the sides, and two were mounted on the deck in rotating mountings.<ref name="uwm"/> Its [[Ship's company|complement]] was fifty-nine crew members.<ref name="Holland2012"/>
Seawater poured into the control room and reached the batteries under the floor causing [[chlorine]] gas to be produced. The damaged submarine signalled to ''Blonde'' that she was sinking and the 56 crew of the submarine were transferred to the cruiser using the cruiser's two [[Cutter (ship)|cutters]]. It was decided that ''K1'' could not be saved and so she was sunk by gunfire from the cruiser.


==References==
{{British K class submarine}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.rnsubmus.co.uk/general/losses.htm#k1 RN Submarine losses]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130714021235/http://www.submarine-museum.co.uk/what-we-have/memorial-chapel/submarine-losses?start=7 'Submarine losses 1904 to present day' - Royal Navy Submarine Museum]


[[Category:British K class submarines|K01]]
{{British K class submarine}}
{{November 1917 shipwrecks}}
[[Category:British submarine accidents|K01]]
{{coord|56|20|20|N|5|43|50|E|display=title}}
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea|K01]]


{{DEFAULTSORT:K01}}
{{UK-mil-submarine-stub}}
[[Category:British K-class submarines]]
[[Category:British submarine accidents]]
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea]]
[[Category:1916 ships]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1917]]
[[Category:Submarines sunk in collisions]]
[[Category:Ships built in Portsmouth]]
[[Category:Royal Navy ship names]]
[[Category:Scuttled vessels of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Submarines sunk by submarines]]

Latest revision as of 23:03, 29 October 2024

History
RN EnsignUnited Kingdom
NameHMS K1
Launched14 November 1916 at Portsmouth
FateSunk to prevent capture following accidental collision, 18 November 1917
General characteristics
Class and typeK-class submarine
Displacement
  • 1,980 long tons (2,010 t) (surfaced)
  • 2,566 long tons (2,607 t) (submerged)
Length339 ft (103 m)
Beam26 ft 6 in (8.08 m)
Draught20 ft 11 in (6.38 m)
Installed power
  • 21,100 shp (15,700 kW) (steam turbines)
  • 5,760 hp (4,300 kW) (electric motors)
  • 800 hp (600 kW) (diesel generator)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 24 kn (28 mph; 44 km/h) (surfaced)
  • 8 kn (9.2 mph; 15 km/h) (submerged)
Range
  • Surfaced: 800 nmi (920 mi; 1,500 km) at 24 kn (28 mph; 44 km/h); 12,500 nmi (14,400 mi; 23,200 km) at 10 kn (12 mph; 19 km/h)
  • Submerged: 8 nmi (9.2 mi; 15 km) at 8 kn (9.2 mph; 15 km/h); 40 nmi (46 mi; 74 km) at 4 kn (4.6 mph; 7.4 km/h)
Complement59 (6 officers and 53 ratings)
Armament
  • 8 × 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 4 beam; 8 spare torpedoes)
  • 2 × 18 in (460 mm) torpedo tubes originally fitted on deck, but later removed
  • 2 × 4 in (100 mm) guns
  • 1 × 3 in (76 mm) gun

HMS K1 was a First World War steam turbine-propelled K-class submarine of the Royal Navy. K1 was sunk to prevent it being captured after colliding with K4 off the Danish coast. She had been patrolling on the surface as part of a flotilla of submarines operating in line ahead. The flotilla was led by the light cruiser Blonde, followed by K1, K3, K4, and K7. The crew survived and taken off by two cutters sent from HMS Blonde. The collision occurred at approx 17:35 and after consultation with the rescued submariner officers and concluding that the K1 could not be saved, Blonde opened fire with one of her 4 inch guns and sank the submarine with a few shells at 19:10 hours.

Design

[edit]

K1 displaced 1,800 long tons (1,800 t) when at the surface and 2,600 long tons (2,600 t) while submerged.[1] It had a total length of 338 feet (103 m), a beam of 26 feet 6 inches (8.08 m), and a draught of 20 ft 11 in (6.38 m).[2] The submarine was powered by two oil-fired Yarrow Shipbuilders boilers each supplying one geared Brown-Curtis or Parsons steam turbine; this developed 10,500 ship horsepower (7,800 kW) to drive two 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) screws. Submerged power came from four electric motors each producing 350 to 360 horsepower (260 to 270 kW).[2] It was also had an 800 hp (600 kW) diesel engine to be used when steam was being raised, or instead of raising steam.[3]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 24 kn (44 km/h) and a submerged speed of 9 to 9.5 kn (16.7 to 17.6 km/h).[2][4] It could operate at depths of 150 ft (46 m) at 2 kn (3.7 km/h) for 80 nmi (150 km).[1] K1 was armed with ten 18-inch (460 mm) torpedo tubes, two 4-inch (100 mm) deck guns, and a 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft gun.[2] Its torpedo tubes were four in the bows, four in the midship section firing to the sides, and two were mounted on the deck in rotating mountings.[1] Its complement was fifty-nine crew members.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Whitman, Edward C. (Winter 2013), "K for Katastrophe", Undersea Warfare, no. 49, US Navy, archived from the original on 24 September 2015, retrieved 20 August 2015
  2. ^ a b c d Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  3. ^ Bruce, Anthony; Cogar, William (27 January 2014). Encyclopedia of Naval History. Routledge. p. 356. ISBN 978-1-135-93534-4.
  4. ^ a b Holland, Julian (1 May 2012). Amazing & Extraordinary Facts Steam Age. David & Charles. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-4463-5619-7.
[edit]

56°20′20″N 5°43′50″E / 56.33889°N 5.73056°E / 56.33889; 5.73056

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=HMS_K1&oldid=1254213534"