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'''A Broadband Imaging X-ray All-sky Survey''', or '''ABRIXAS''', was a [[satellite|space-based]] [[Germany|German]] [[X-ray telescope]]. It was launched on 28 April 1999 in a [[Kosmos-3M]] launch vehicle from [[Kapustin Yar]], [[Russia]], into [[Geocentric orbit|Earth orbit]]. The orbit had a [[periapsis]] of {{convert|549.0|km|mi}}, an [[apoapsis]] of {{convert|598.0|km|mi}}, an [[inclination]] of 48.0° and an [[Orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.00352, giving it a period of 96 minutes.<ref name="abrixas_trajectory">{{cite web | url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1999-022A | title=NASA – NSSD – Spacecraft – Trajectory Details (ABRIXAS) | publisher=NASA | access-date=2008-02-27}}</ref><ref name="abrixas_trajectory"/>
'''A Broadband Imaging X-ray All-sky Survey''', or '''ABRIXAS''', was a [[satellite|space-based]] [[Germany|German]] [[X-ray telescope]]. It was launched on 28 April 1999 in a [[Kosmos-3M]] launch vehicle from [[Kapustin Yar]], [[Russia]], into [[Geocentric orbit|Earth orbit]]. The orbit had a [[periapsis]] of {{convert|549.0|km|mi}}, an [[apoapsis]] of {{convert|598.0|km|mi}}, an [[inclination]] of 48.0° and an [[Orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.00352, giving it a period of 96 minutes.<ref name="abrixas_trajectory">{{cite web | url=https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1999-022A | title=NASA – NSSD – Spacecraft – Trajectory Details (ABRIXAS) | publisher=NASA | access-date=2008-02-27}}</ref>


The telescope's battery was accidentally overcharged and destroyed three days after the mission started. When attempts to communicate with the satellite — while its solar panels were illuminated by sunlight — failed, the $20 million project was abandoned.<ref name="abrixas_end">{{Cite web |last=Wade |first=Mark |title=ABRIXAS |url=http://www.astronautix.com/a/abrixas.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228041343/http://astronautix.com/a/abrixas.html |archive-date=December 28, 2016 |access-date=2008-02-28 |website=astronautix.com}}</ref> ABRIXAS decayed from orbit on 31 October 2017.
The telescope's battery was accidentally overcharged and destroyed three days after the mission started. When attempts to communicate with the satellite – while its solar panels were illuminated by sunlight – failed, the $20 million project was abandoned.<ref name="abrixas_end">{{Cite web |last=Wade |first=Mark |title=ABRIXAS |url=http://www.astronautix.com/a/abrixas.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228041343/http://astronautix.com/a/abrixas.html |archive-date=December 28, 2016 |access-date=2008-02-28 |website=astronautix.com}}</ref> ABRIXAS decayed from orbit on 31 October 2017.


The [[eROSITA]] telescope was based on the design of the ABRIXAS observatory.<ref name="IKI2005">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2005 |title=Spectrum-RG/eRosita/Lobster mission definition document |url=http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/SXG/PROJECT/SXG-eng.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420002840/http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/SXG/PROJECT/SXG-eng.htm |archive-date=20 April 2024 |publisher=[[Russian Space Research Institute]]}}</ref> eROSITA was launched on board the [[Spektr-RG]] space observatory on 13 July 2019 from [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] to be deployed at the second [[Lagrange point]] (L2).<ref name="Spektr-RG">{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spektr_rg.html |title=Spektr-RG to expand horizons of X-ray astronomy |work=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=16 April 2016 |access-date=16 September 2016}}</ref>
The [[eROSITA]] telescope was based on the design of the ABRIXAS observatory.<ref name="IKI2005">{{Cite web |date=30 October 2005 |title=Spectrum-RG/eRosita/Lobster mission definition document |url=http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/SXG/PROJECT/SXG-eng.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420002840/http://hea.iki.rssi.ru/SXG/PROJECT/SXG-eng.htm |archive-date=20 April 2024 |publisher=[[Russian Space Research Institute]]}}</ref> eROSITA was launched on board the [[Spektr-RG]] space observatory on 13 July 2019 from [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]] to be deployed at the second [[Lagrange point]] (L2).<ref name="Spektr-RG">{{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spektr_rg.html |title=Spektr-RG to expand horizons of X-ray astronomy |work=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |date=16 April 2016 |access-date=16 September 2016}}</ref>
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[[Category:Satellites of Germany]]
[[Category:Satellites of Germany]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1999]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1999]]
[[Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 2017]]




Latest revision as of 08:23, 27 October 2024

ABRIXAS
Illustration of ABRIXAS in orbit.
Mission typeX-ray astronomy
OperatorDLR
COSPAR ID1999-022A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.25721
Mission duration3 days (mission failure)
Spacecraft properties
Launch mass550.0 kilograms (1,212.5 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date28 April 1999, 20:30 (1999-04-28UTC20:30Z) UTC
RocketKosmos-3M
Launch siteKapustin Yar 107
End of mission
Last contact1 May 1999 (1999-06)[1]
Decay date31 October 2017[2]
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth Orbit
Semi-major axis6,869.9 kilometers (4,268.8 mi)
Eccentricity0.00352
Perigee altitude549 km (341 mi)
Apogee altitude598 km (372 mi)
Inclination48.0 degrees
Period96.00 minutes
Epoch28 April 1999, 04:30:00 UTC[3]

A Broadband Imaging X-ray All-sky Survey, or ABRIXAS, was a space-based German X-ray telescope. It was launched on 28 April 1999 in a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle from Kapustin Yar, Russia, into Earth orbit. The orbit had a periapsis of 549.0 kilometres (341.1 mi), an apoapsis of 598.0 kilometres (371.6 mi), an inclination of 48.0° and an eccentricity of 0.00352, giving it a period of 96 minutes.[3]

The telescope's battery was accidentally overcharged and destroyed three days after the mission started. When attempts to communicate with the satellite – while its solar panels were illuminated by sunlight – failed, the $20 million project was abandoned.[4] ABRIXAS decayed from orbit on 31 October 2017.

The eROSITA telescope was based on the design of the ABRIXAS observatory.[5] eROSITA was launched on board the Spektr-RG space observatory on 13 July 2019 from Baikonur to be deployed at the second Lagrange point (L2).[6]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "ABRIXAS". DLR. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  2. ^ Krebs, Gunter Dirk. "ABRIXAS". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  3. ^ a b "NASA – NSSD – Spacecraft – Trajectory Details (ABRIXAS)". NASA. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
  4. ^ Wade, Mark. "ABRIXAS". astronautix.com. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  5. ^ "Spectrum-RG/eRosita/Lobster mission definition document". Russian Space Research Institute. 30 October 2005. Archived from the original on 20 April 2024.
  6. ^ Zak, Anatoly (16 April 2016). "Spektr-RG to expand horizons of X-ray astronomy". Russian Space Web. Retrieved 16 September 2016.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Hahn, Hermann-Michael (1 March 1997). "Warten auf ABRIXAS" [Waiting for ABRIXAS]. wissenschaft.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-07-15.
  • "The ABRIXAS Mission". Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics. Archived from the original on 3 May 2006. Retrieved 2024-07-15.


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