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Coordinates: 48°49′N 154°6′E / 48.817°N 154.100°E / 48.817; 154.100
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{{Short description|Volcanic island in the Kurile island chain}}
{{more footnotes|date=March 2012}}
{{more footnotes|date=March 2012}}
{{Infobox Islands
{{Infobox Islands
| name = Shiashkotan
| name = Shiashkotan
| native name = Шиашкотан <br>
| native_name = Шиашкотан <br>捨子古丹島
| image_name = Shiashkotan Island NASA.jpg
捨子古丹島
| image name = Shiashkotan Island NASA.jpg
| image_caption = Landsat view of Shiashkotan Island
| image caption = Landsat view of Shiashkotan Island
| area_km2 =122
| area_km2 =122
| location = [[Sea of Okhotsk]]
| location = [[Sea of Okhotsk]]
| coordinates = {{coord|48|49|N|154|6|E|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|48|49|N|154|6|E|display=inline,title}}
| locator map = Kuriles Shiashkotan.PNG
| map_image = Kuriles Shiashkotan.PNG
| map_caption =
| locator map size =
| archipelago = [[Kuril Islands]]
| archipelago = [[Kuril Islands]]
| country = Russia
| country = Russia
| highest mount = Pik Sinarka
| highest_mount = Pik Sinarka
| elevation_m = 944
| elevation_m = 944
| population = 0
| population = 0
| ethnic groups = [[Ainu people|Ainu]] (formerly)
| ethnic_groups = [[Ainu people|Ainu]] (formerly)
}}
}}
[[File:Shiashkotan-2008.jpg|alt=Shiashkotan Island|thumb|264x264px|Shiashkotan Island]]
⚫
'''Shiashkotan''' ({{langx|ru|Шиашкотан}}) ({{langx|ja|捨子古丹島}}; '''Shasukotan-tō''') is an uninhabited [[volcanic island]] near the center of the [[Kuril Islands]] chain in the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] in the northwest [[Pacific Ocean]], separated from [[Ekarma]] by the [[Ekarma Strait]]. Its name is derived from the [[Ainu language]], from “[[Konbu]] village”.


[[File:Shiashkotan.png|thumb|Map of Shiashkotan]]
⚫
'''Shiashkotan''' ({{lang-ru|Шиашкотан}}); ({{lang-ja|捨子古丹島}}; '''Shasukotan-tō''') is an uninhabited [[volcanic island]] near the center of the [[Kuril Islands]] chain in the [[Sea of Okhotsk]] in the northwest [[Pacific Ocean]], separated from [[Ekarma]] by the [[Ekarma Strait]]. Its name is derived from the [[Ainu language]], from “[[Konbu]] village”.


==Geology==
==Geology==
Shiashkotan is roughly dumbbell shaped, formed by two volcanic islands joined together by a narrow [[spit (landform)|landspit]]. The island has a total length of {{convert|25|km|mi}} with a width ranging from {{convert|9|km|mi}} at its widest point to {{convert|0.9|km|mi}} at its narrowest, and an area of {{convert|122|km2|sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/collections/ichthyology/okhotskia/ikip/Info/physical.html|title=International Kuril Island Project（IKIP）|publisher=University of Washington Fish Collection or the respective authors}}</ref> Both ends of the island are complex [[stratovolcano]]s, and landing is possible only on the sandy isthmus.
Shiashkotan is roughly dumbbell-shaped, formed by two volcanic islands joined together by a narrow [[spit (landform)|landspit]]. The island has a total length of {{convert|25|km|mi}} with a width ranging from {{convert|9|km|mi}} at its widest point to {{convert|0.9|km|mi}} at its narrowest, and an area of {{convert|122|km2|sqmi}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/collections/ichthyology/okhotskia/ikip/Info/physical.html|title=International Kuril Island Project（IKIP）|publisher=University of Washington Fish Collection or the respective authors}}</ref> Both ends of the island are complex [[stratovolcano]]s, and landing is practical only on the sandy isthmus.
* ''' Pik [[Sinarka]] ''' ({{lang-ru| влк. Синарка}}; {{lang-ja|黒岳}}; ''Kurodake''), which rises to {{Convert|934|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} above sea level occupies the northern end of the island, and is the island’s highest point. Historical eruptions have occurred at Sinarka during 1825–1750, 1846, 1855, and the last and largest from 1872 to 1878. To the east from this volcano is located interesting geothermal field - North-Western solfatara field with more than 100 fumaroles and several hot, geyser-like springs which erupt water up to 1.5 m high.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wondermondo.com/Countries/E/RUS/Sakhalin/ShiashkotanSolfatara.htm|title=North-Western solfatara field of Shiashkotan|publisher=Wondermondo}}</ref>
* ''' Pik [[Sinarka]] ''' ({{langx|ru| влк. Синарка}}; {{langx|ja|黒岳}}; ''Kurodake''), which rises to {{Convert|934|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} above sea level occupies the northern end of the island, and is the island’s highest point. Historical eruptions have occurred at Sinarka during 1825–1750, 1846, 1855, and the last and largest from 1872 to 1878. To the east from this volcano is located interesting geothermal field - North-Western solfatara field with more than 100 fumaroles and several hot, geyser-like springs which erupt water up to 1.5 m high.
* ''' Pik [[Kuntomintar]]''' -({{lang-ru| влк.Китаио}}; {{lang-ja|北硫黄岳}}; ''Kitaiō-dake''), occupies the southern end of the island. A central cone fills a 4-4.5 kilometer diameter caldera, and there is a second caldera on the west side which is breached to the west. The only known postglacial activity of Kuntomintar is continuous fulmarole activity near the east wall of the inner caldera and a nearby hot sulfur spring.
* ''' Pik [[Kuntomintar]]''' -({{langx|ru| влк.Китаио}}; {{langx|ja|北硫黄岳}}; ''Kitaiō-dake''), occupies the southern end of the island. A central cone fills a 4-4.5 kilometer diameter caldera, and there is a second caldera on the west side which is breached to the west. The only known postglacial activity of Kuntomintar is continuous fulmarole activity near the east wall of the inner caldera and a nearby hot sulfur spring.


==History==
==History==
Shiashkotan was inhabited by the [[Ainu people|Ainu]], who subsided off of hunting and fishing at the time of European contact. The island appears on an official map showing the territories of [[Matsumae clan|Matsumae Domain]], a [[han (administrative division)|feudal domain]] of [[Edo period]] [[Japan]] dated 1644, and these holdings were officially confirmed by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in 1715. Subsequently claimed by the [[Empire of Russia]], [[sovereignty]] initially passed to Russia under the terms of the [[Treaty of Shimoda]]. During an eruption of 1872, Russian authorities recorded that 13 inhabitants died; however, when the island was returned to the [[Empire of Japan]] per the [[Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)]] along with the rest of the Kuril islands, no inhabitants remained. The island was formerly administered as part of Shimushu District of [[Nemuro Subprefecture]] of [[Hokkaidō]]. In 1893, a settlement was attempted by nine members of the Chishima Protective Society led by [[Gunji Shigetada]]; however, when a ship called on the island a year later, five of the colonists had already died, and the remaining four were critically ill with [[beri-beri]].
Shiashkotan was inhabited by the [[Ainu people|Ainu]], who subsisted off of hunting and fishing, at the time of European contact. The island appears on an official map dated 1644, showing the [[han (administrative division)|feudal]] territories of the [[Matsumae clan|Matsumae Domain]] in [[Edo period]] [[Japan]]; these holdings were confirmed by the [[Tokugawa shogunate]] in 1715.
Later claimed by the [[Empire of Russia]], [[sovereignty]] passed to Russia under the terms of the 1855 [[Treaty of Shimoda]]. During anvolcanic eruption in 1872, Russian authorities recorded that 13 inhabitants died. When the Kuril Islands were returned to the [[Empire of Japan]], per the 1875 [[Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)|Treaty of Saint Petersburg]], no inhabitants remained on Shiashkotan, as they moved north to Russian Kamchatka.
The Japanese administered the island as part of Shimushu District of [[Nemuro Subprefecture]] of [[Hokkaidō]]. In 1893, a settlement was attempted by nine members of the Chishima Protective Society, led by [[Gunji Shigetada]]; however, when a ship called on the island a year later, five of the colonists had already died, and the remaining four were critically ill with [[beri-beri]].

After [[World War II]], the island came under the control of the [[Soviet Union]], and is now administered as part of the [[Sakhalin Oblast]] of the [[Russian Federation]].
After [[World War II]], the island came under the control of the [[Soviet Union]], and is now administered as part of the [[Sakhalin Oblast]] of the [[Russian Federation]].


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==References==
==References==
* {{cite gvp|name=Sinarka|vn=290290|access-date=2021-06-25}}
* [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0900-29= Global Volcanism Program Sinarka]
* {{cite gvp|name=Kuntomintar|vn=290808|access-date=2021-06-25}}
* [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=090028=A Global Volcanism Program Kuntomintar]


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Gorshkov, G. S. ''Volcanism and the Upper Mantle Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc''. Monographs in geoscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1970. ISBN 0-306-30407-4
* Gorshkov, G. S. ''Volcanism and the Upper Mantle Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc''. Monographs in geoscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1970. {{ISBN|0-306-30407-4}}
* Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich, and James Greive. The History of Kamtschatka and the Kurilski Islands, with the Countries Adjacent. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.
* Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich, and James Greive. The History of Kamtschatka and the Kurilski Islands, with the Countries Adjacent. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.
* Rees, David. ''The Soviet Seizure of the Kuriles''. New York: Praeger, 1985. ISBN 0-03-002552-4
* Rees, David. ''The Soviet Seizure of the Kuriles''. New York: Praeger, 1985. {{ISBN|0-03-002552-4}}
* Takahashi, Hideki, and Masahiro Ōhara. ''Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin''. Bulletin of the Hokkaido University Museum, no. 2-. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Museum, 2004.
* Takahashi, Hideki, and Masahiro Ōhara. ''Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin''. Bulletin of the Hokkaido University Museum, no. 2-. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Museum, 2004.


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category }}
{{commons category }}
* {{Wayback|url=http://www.oceandots.com/pacific/kuril/shiashkotan.php|title=Oceandots|date=20101223043232}}{{dead link|date=March 2012}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.oceandots.com/pacific/kuril/shiashkotan.php |title=Oceandots |accessdate=May 25, 2010 |url-status=unfit |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223043232/http://www.oceandots.com/pacific/kuril/shiashkotan.php |archivedate=December 23, 2010 }}


{{Kuril Islands}}
{{Sea of Okhotsk Islands}}
{{Sea of Okhotsk Islands}}


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[[Category:Islands of the Kuril Islands]]
[[Category:Islands of the Kuril Islands]]
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of Russia]]
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of Russia]]
[[Category:Volcanic calderas of Russia]]
[[Category:Calderas of Russia]]
[[Category:Volcanoes of the Kuril Islands]]
[[Category:Volcanoes of the Kuril Islands]]
[[Category:Mountains of the Kuril Islands]]
[[Category:Mountains of the Kuril Islands]]

Latest revision as of 02:02, 26 October 2024

Shiashkotan
Native name:
Шиашкотан
捨子古丹島
Landsat view of Shiashkotan Island
Geography
LocationSea of Okhotsk
Coordinates48°49′N 154°6′E / 48.817°N 154.100°E / 48.817; 154.100
ArchipelagoKuril Islands
Area122 km2 (47 sq mi)
Highest elevation944 m (3097 ft)
Highest pointPik Sinarka
Administration
Russia
Demographics
Population0
Ethnic groupsAinu (formerly)
Shiashkotan Island
Shiashkotan Island

Shiashkotan (Russian: Шиашкотан) (Japanese: 捨子古丹島; Shasukotan-tō) is an uninhabited volcanic island near the center of the Kuril Islands chain in the Sea of Okhotsk in the northwest Pacific Ocean, separated from Ekarma by the Ekarma Strait. Its name is derived from the Ainu language, from “Konbu village”.

Map of Shiashkotan

Geology

[edit]

Shiashkotan is roughly dumbbell-shaped, formed by two volcanic islands joined together by a narrow landspit. The island has a total length of 25 kilometres (16 mi) with a width ranging from 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) at its widest point to 0.9 kilometres (0.56 mi) at its narrowest, and an area of 122 square kilometres (47 sq mi).[1] Both ends of the island are complex stratovolcanos, and landing is practical only on the sandy isthmus.

  • Pik Sinarka (Russian: влк. Синарка; Japanese: 黒岳; Kurodake), which rises to 934 m (3,064 ft) above sea level occupies the northern end of the island, and is the island’s highest point. Historical eruptions have occurred at Sinarka during 1825–1750, 1846, 1855, and the last and largest from 1872 to 1878. To the east from this volcano is located interesting geothermal field - North-Western solfatara field with more than 100 fumaroles and several hot, geyser-like springs which erupt water up to 1.5 m high.
  • Pik Kuntomintar -(Russian: влк.Китаио; Japanese: 北硫黄岳; Kitaiō-dake), occupies the southern end of the island. A central cone fills a 4-4.5 kilometer diameter caldera, and there is a second caldera on the west side which is breached to the west. The only known postglacial activity of Kuntomintar is continuous fulmarole activity near the east wall of the inner caldera and a nearby hot sulfur spring.

History

[edit]

Shiashkotan was inhabited by the Ainu, who subsisted off of hunting and fishing, at the time of European contact. The island appears on an official map dated 1644, showing the feudal territories of the Matsumae Domain in Edo period Japan; these holdings were confirmed by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1715.

Later claimed by the Empire of Russia, sovereignty passed to Russia under the terms of the 1855 Treaty of Shimoda. During anvolcanic eruption in 1872, Russian authorities recorded that 13 inhabitants died. When the Kuril Islands were returned to the Empire of Japan, per the 1875 Treaty of Saint Petersburg, no inhabitants remained on Shiashkotan, as they moved north to Russian Kamchatka.

The Japanese administered the island as part of Shimushu District of Nemuro Subprefecture of Hokkaidō. In 1893, a settlement was attempted by nine members of the Chishima Protective Society, led by Gunji Shigetada; however, when a ship called on the island a year later, five of the colonists had already died, and the remaining four were critically ill with beri-beri.

After World War II, the island came under the control of the Soviet Union, and is now administered as part of the Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian Federation.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "International Kuril Island Project（IKIP）". University of Washington Fish Collection or the respective authors.

References

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Gorshkov, G. S. Volcanism and the Upper Mantle Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc. Monographs in geoscience. New York: Plenum Press, 1970. ISBN 0-306-30407-4
  • Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich, and James Greive. The History of Kamtschatka and the Kurilski Islands, with the Countries Adjacent. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963.
  • Rees, David. The Soviet Seizure of the Kuriles. New York: Praeger, 1985. ISBN 0-03-002552-4
  • Takahashi, Hideki, and Masahiro Ōhara. Biodiversity and Biogeography of the Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. Bulletin of the Hokkaido University Museum, no. 2-. Sapporo, Japan: Hokkaido University Museum, 2004.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shiashkotan.
  • "Oceandots". Archived from the original on December 23, 2010. Retrieved May 25, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
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